CN212093280U - Spherical fruit automatic grading machine based on vision - Google Patents
Spherical fruit automatic grading machine based on vision Download PDFInfo
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- CN212093280U CN212093280U CN201922426269.7U CN201922426269U CN212093280U CN 212093280 U CN212093280 U CN 212093280U CN 201922426269 U CN201922426269 U CN 201922426269U CN 212093280 U CN212093280 U CN 212093280U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a spherical fruit automatic grader based on vision, including frame, detection device, monomer conveyor, hierarchical executive device and controller of arranging, detection device, monomer are arranged conveyor and hierarchical executive device from the top down and are distributed the setting, and detection device detects the surface information of fruit, and monomer conveyor of arranging is used for singly arranging fruit and carries fruit export one by one with fruit, and hierarchical executive device is last to be equipped with the fruit of a plurality of size differences and to portal. The controller controls the grading execution device to convey fruits falling from the fruit outlet to the corresponding fruit outlet and push the fruits out of the fruit outlet according to the data detected by the detection device, so that the fruits with different ripeness, size, texture and surface defect are sent out through the corresponding fruit outlet, and the function of automatically grading the fruits is realized. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, accurate grading, safety and reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fruit letter sorting equipment, especially, indicate a spherical fruit automatic grading machine based on vision.
Background
Because the sizes of the fruits are different and the shapes of the fruits are irregular, the prices of the fruits with different appearances and sizes are different, and fruit growers need to sort the fruits according to different levels and appearances. At present, the fruit grading method mainly adopts manual grading and mechanical grading. The manual grading sorting mode has the advantages of high labor intensity, high labor cost, low working efficiency and poor accuracy, and cannot meet the requirements of modernization, scale and industrialization. The grading index of the mechanical grader is single, and the mechanical damage to fruits is easily caused during grading. Most of automatic ball-like fruit grading machines based on vision adopt a conveying belt to carry out flow line type grading, but the grading machines have large volume, large occupied area and higher manufacturing cost and cannot meet the grading requirements of common farmers and small-scale agricultural producers. In addition, the spherical automatic fruit grader is in rigid contact with fruits during working, so that the skins of the fruits are easily abraded.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to above-mentioned problem, provide a simple structure, small, hierarchical accurate and safe and reliable's spherical fruit automatic grader. The detection system of the automatic spherical fruit grader is not directly contacted with fruits, so that nondestructive detection is realized; and adopt the pneumatic drive fruit and carry out hierarchical letter sorting to fruit, further reduce the mechanical damage to fruit in the classification process.
The purpose of the utility model can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
a vision-based spherical fruit automatic grader comprises a rack, a detection device, a single distribution conveying device, a grading execution device and a controller, wherein the detection device, the single distribution conveying device and the grading execution device are installed on the rack; detection device locates on the fruit export and detects the surface information of fruit, the monomer is arranged conveyor and is used for singly arranging fruit and carry fruit export one by one, be equipped with the fruit that a plurality of sizes are different on the hierarchical final controlling element and exit, the controller is according to the hierarchical final controlling element of data control that detection device detected and will follow the fruit that the fruit export drops and carry corresponding fruit and exit and push out fruit and exit.
Preferably, the grading implement uses an air flow to blow the fruit out of the fruit outlet.
As a preferred scheme, the grading performing device comprises a fixed disc, a movable disc, a first driving device and an air blowing device, the fixed disc is fixedly mounted on the frame, the movable disc is rotatable and mounted in the fixed disc, a power output end of the first driving device is connected with the movable disc, the fruit outlet is formed in the outer wall of the fixed disc, the controller controls the air blowing device to act so as to blow the fruits out of the fruit outlet after controlling the first driving device to convey the fruits falling from the fruit outlet to the corresponding fruit outlet according to data detected by the detecting device, and a pneumatic fruit grading structure is formed.
As a preferable scheme, the single body arrangement conveying device comprises a charging barrel, a large rotary table, a small rotary table, a second driving device and a third driving device, wherein the large rotary table and the small rotary table can rotate and are arranged in the charging barrel, the small rotary table is arranged above the large rotary table, a plurality of slotted holes are formed in the outer circumference of the large rotary table, and the power output ends of the second driving device and the third driving device are respectively connected with the large rotary table and the small rotary table; the second driving device drives the large turntable to rotate so that the fruits in the charging barrel fall into the slotted holes to finish the sorting of the fruits; the third driving device drives the small rotating disc to rotate so as to stir the fruits in the charging barrel, so that the fruits in the charging barrel cannot be arched.
As a preferred scheme, the detection device comprises an upper camera for taking a picture of the fruit at the fruit outlet position, and a lower camera which is installed below the fruit inlet and is used for taking a picture of the fruit.
As a preferable scheme, a plurality of isolation sheets are arranged in the circumferential direction of the movable disc to divide the movable disc into a plurality of accommodating spaces with sizes, and the accommodating spaces can accommodate fruits with corresponding sizes; the controller controls the first driving device to drive the corresponding accommodating space and the fruit outlet to be communicated through the detection device and conveys the fruits to the corresponding fruit outlet positions, so that the accommodating space is communicated with the fruit outlet.
Preferably, the surface information of the fruit is information of ripeness, size, texture and surface defect extracted from the images acquired by the upper camera and the lower camera.
Preferably, a guide strip for lifting the height of the fruit in the slotted hole is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the charging barrel below the slotted hole.
Preferably, the first to third driving devices are stepping motors.
As a preferred scheme, the controller is a computer, or a single chip microcomputer, or a PLC.
Implement the utility model discloses, following beneficial effect has:
1. the monomer distributing and conveying device of the utility model distributes piled fruits individually and conveys the fruits to the fruit outlet one by one, thus realizing the individual and orderly separation of the fruits; a detection device disposed above the fruit outlet detects surface information of the individual fruits conveyed to the fruit outlet and sends the information to the controller. The controller controls the grading execution device to convey fruits falling from the fruit outlet to the corresponding fruit outlet and push the fruits out of the fruit outlet according to the data detected by the detection device, so that the fruits with different ripeness, size, texture and surface defect are sent out through the corresponding fruit outlet, and the function of automatically grading the fruits is realized. The detection device, the monomer arrangement and conveying device and the grading execution device are distributed from top to bottom, so that the automatic fruit grading machine is small in occupied area, simple in structure and low in manufacturing cost, meets the grading requirements of common farmers and small-scale agricultural producers, and solves the problems that an existing mechanical automatic fruit grading machine is large in size, large in occupied area, high in manufacturing cost and incapable of meeting the grading requirements of common farmers and small-scale agricultural producers due to the fact that the existing mechanical automatic fruit grading machine adopts a conveying belt to carry out production line type grading.
2. When the controller controls the grading execution device to convey the fruits falling from the fruit outlets to the corresponding fruit outlet positions according to the data detected by the detection device, the grading execution device pushes the fruits to move and finally slide out of the fruit outlets in an air flow blowing mode. This structure passes through the air current and promotes fruit removal with fruit contact for fruit can not receive rigid collision, has guaranteed that fruit can not produce epidermis wearing and tearing and inside collision damage, has greatly guaranteed the fruit quality after the hierarchical letter sorting, and hierarchical letter sorting is safe and reliable more.
3. The slotted hole of the utility model adopts various sizes and can only hold a single fruit. When the fruit feeder works, the large rotary disc carries out single and orderly arrangement on fruits in the feed cylinder into the slotted holes. The large turntable can realize the function because the small turntable rotates simultaneously in the rotating process of the large turntable, namely the large turntable and the small turntable work in a matching way; the large rotary table is responsible for sorting, and the small rotary table rotates regularly to eliminate the arching phenomenon of fruits on the charging barrel, so that the fruits can enter the groove holes orderly, and the continuous conveying of the spherical fruits in the sorting process is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the vision-based automatic classifier for spherical fruits of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the single-body arrangement conveying device of the vision-based automatic spherical fruit grader of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2 with the outer wall of the cartridge removed;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a grading execution device of the vision-based automatic ball-shaped fruit grader and a bottom plate of a charging barrel;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed plate of the vision-based automatic grader for spherical fruits of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the detection device, the large turntable, the small turntable and the movable disk of the vision-based automatic ball-shaped fruit grader of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of the detection device of the automatic classifier for spherical fruits based on vision of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment relates to a vision-based spherical fruit automatic grader, which includes a frame 1, a detection device 2, a single arrangement conveying device 3 and a grading execution device 4 mounted on the frame 1, and a controller 5 for receiving data of the detection device 2 and controlling the single arrangement conveying device 3 and the grading execution device 4, wherein the detection device 2, the single arrangement conveying device 3 and the grading execution device 4 are distributed from top to bottom, and a fruit outlet 30 of the single arrangement conveying device 3 is communicated with a fruit inlet 40 of the grading execution device 4; detection device 2 locates fruit export 30 top and detects the surface information of fruit, monomer is arranged conveyor 3 and is used for singly arranging fruit and carry fruit to fruit export 30 one by one, be equipped with the fruit that a plurality of sizes are different and go out hole 41 on hierarchical final controlling element 4, controller 5 will follow the fruit that fruit export 30 drops and carry corresponding fruit and go out hole 41 and push out fruit and go out hole 41 according to the hierarchical final controlling element 4 of data control that detection device 2 detected. The single body arrangement conveying device 3 and the grading execution device 4 of the structure are both of a circular structure, the fruit outlet 41 is arranged on the outer circumference of the grading execution device 4, and the fruit outlet 30 is arranged on the bottom surface of the single body arrangement conveying device 3.
The monomer distributing and conveying device 3 of the utility model distributes the piled fruits individually and conveys the fruits to the fruit outlet 30 one by one, thus realizing the individual and orderly separation of the fruits; the detection device 2 provided above the fruit outlet 30 detects surface information of the individual fruits transferred to the fruit outlet 30 and transmits the information to the controller 5. The controller 5 controls the grading executing device 4 according to the data detected by the detecting device 2 to convey the fruits dropped from the fruit outlet 30 to the corresponding fruit outlet 41 and push the fruits out of the fruit outlet 41, so that the fruits with different ripeness, size, texture and surface defect are sent out through the corresponding fruit outlet 41, and the function of automatically grading the fruits is realized. Because the detection device 2, the monomer arrangement conveying device 3 and the grading execution device 4 are distributed from top to bottom, the automatic fruit grading machine has the advantages of small occupied area, simple structure and low manufacturing cost, is suitable for grading requirements of common farmers and small-scale agricultural producers, and solves the problems that the existing mechanical automatic fruit grading machine adopts a conveying belt form to carry out production line type grading, has large volume, large occupied area and higher manufacturing cost, and cannot meet the grading requirements of the common farmers and the small-scale agricultural producers.
The grading implement 4 uses an air flow to blow the fruit out of the fruit outlet 41. When the controller 5 controls the grading implement 4 to convey the fruit dropped from the fruit outlet 30 to the corresponding fruit outlet 41 position according to the data detected by the detecting device 2, the grading implement 4 pushes the fruit to move and finally slide out of the fruit outlet 41 by means of air flow blowing. This structure passes through the air current and promotes fruit removal with fruit contact for fruit can not receive rigid collision, has guaranteed that fruit can not produce epidermis wearing and tearing and inside collision damage, has greatly guaranteed the fruit quality after the hierarchical letter sorting, and hierarchical letter sorting is safe and reliable more.
The grading execution device 4 comprises a fixed disc 42, a movable disc 43, a first driving device 44 and an air blowing device, the fixed disc 42 is fixedly installed on the rack 1, the movable disc 43 is rotatably installed in the fixed disc 42, a power output end of the first driving device 44 is connected with the movable disc 43, the fruit outlet 41 is arranged on the outer wall of the fixed disc 42, after the controller 5 controls the first driving device 44 to convey the fruits falling from the fruit outlet 30 to the corresponding fruit outlet 41 according to the data detected by the detection device 2, the controller 5 controls the air blowing device to act so as to blow the fruits out of the fruit outlet 41, and a pneumatic fruit grading structure is formed. Fruit falling from the fruit outlet 30 falls onto the movable plate 43. The controller 5 controls the first driving device 44 to drive the movable plate 43 to rotate for a certain angle so as to convey the fruit to the corresponding fruit outlet 41. The air blowing device comprises an air compressor, an air storage tank and a nozzle, wherein an air outlet of the air compressor is communicated with the nozzle through the air storage tank. The outlet of the nozzle is opposite the fruit exit orifice 41. After the controller 5 controls the first driving device 44 to convey the fruit dropped from the fruit outlet 30 to the corresponding fruit outlet 41 according to the data detected by the detecting device, the controller 5 controls the nozzle to open to blow out the high pressure air flow, and the high pressure air flow pushes the fruit to move and move out of the fruit outlet 41.
The single body arrangement conveying device 3 comprises a material barrel 31, a large rotary disc 32, a small rotary disc 33, a second driving device 34 and a third driving device 35, wherein the large rotary disc 32 and the small rotary disc 33 can rotate and are arranged in the material barrel 31, the small rotary disc 33 is arranged above the large rotary disc 32, a plurality of slotted holes 321 are formed in the outer circumference of the large rotary disc 32, and the power output ends of the second driving device 34 and the third driving device 35 are respectively connected with the large rotary disc 32 and the small rotary disc 33; the second driving device 34 drives the large turntable 32 to rotate so that the fruits in the barrel 31 fall into the slotted holes 321 to finish the fruit sequencing; the third driving device 35 drives the small rotating disk 33 to rotate so as to stir the fruit in the barrel 31, so that the fruit in the barrel 31 cannot be arched. The slots 321 are of various sizes and can only accommodate a single fruit. In operation, the large rotary disc 32 arranges the fruits in the barrel 31 into the slotted holes 321 individually and orderly. The large turntable 32 can achieve this effect because the small turntable 33 also rotates simultaneously during the rotation of the large turntable 32, i.e. the large turntable 33 and the small turntable 33 cooperate; the large rotary disk 32 is responsible for sorting, and the small rotary disk 33 rotates regularly to eliminate the arching phenomenon of the fruits on the charging barrel 31, so that the fruits can orderly enter the slotted holes 321, and the single sorting and continuous conveying of the spherical fruits is realized. The upper surface of the large turntable 32 and the small turntable 33 are provided with plane bearings, and the bottom surface of the large turntable 32 is provided with an annular wear-resistant part 36. The outer wall of the charging barrel 31 is provided with an extension plate, so that the outer wall of the charging barrel 31 forms a half high outer wall and a half low outer wall.
The detection device 2 comprises an upper camera 21 for taking a picture of the fruit at the position of the fruit outlet 30, and a lower camera 22 which is installed below the fruit inlet 40 and is used for taking a picture of the fruit. The upper camera 21 and the lower camera 22 take images of the upper half and the lower half of the fruit, respectively, and derive information of the surface of the whole fruit by analysis.
A plurality of spacers 431 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the movable disk 43 to divide the movable disk 43 into a plurality of accommodating spaces 432 with different sizes, and the accommodating spaces 432 can accommodate a fruit with a corresponding size; the controller 5 controls the first driving device 44 to drive the corresponding accommodating space 432 to communicate with the fruit outlet 30 and convey the fruit to the corresponding fruit outlet 41 position through the detecting device 2, so that the accommodating space 432 communicates with the fruit outlet 41. A plurality of receiving spaces 432 of different sizes can be formed by providing the spacers 431 at different intervals in the circumferential direction of the movable platen 43. Each accommodating space 432 can accommodate one fruit 10 having a corresponding size. The first driving means 44 drives the movable disk 43 to rotate so that the corresponding accommodating space 432 is communicated with the fruit outlet 30 and the fruit 10 is fed to the fruit outlet 41 of a corresponding size so that the accommodating space 432 is communicated with the fruit outlet 41.
As shown in fig. 1 and 7, the surface information of the fruit is information of ripeness, size, texture, and surface defects extracted from the images acquired by the upper and lower cameras 21 and 22. The upper camera 21 and the lower camera 22 respectively shoot images of the upper half part and the lower half part of the fruit and analyze the ripeness, the size, the texture and the surface defect condition of the whole fruit, so that which fruit outlet 41 the fruit should be sorted to, and further the function of automatically and accurately sorting the fruit in a grading manner is realized.
The inner bottom surface of the barrel 31 below the slot hole 321 is provided with a guide strip 310 for lifting the height of the fruit in the slot hole 321. The fruit entering the slot 321 of the large rotary disc 32 is lifted to a certain height by the guide strip 310, so that the fruit in the barrel 31 is not easy to arch.
The first to third driving devices 44 to 35 are stepping motors.
The classification method is as follows: if the fruit is judged to be in the first grade, the controller 5 converts the grade information into the stepping times i required for moving to the first grade outlet, then the movable disc 43 rotates, and stops rotating after the position sensor receives the signal sent by the signal source, namely, one step is finished and the stepping times i-1 are obtained. At the same time, the detection device 2 acquires images and grades the next fruit falling into the moving disk 43, and gives the corresponding number j of steps. After each step, the controller 5 detects the stepping times, when the stepping times are reduced to 0, the fruit reaches the designated grading position, and the air blowing device is started to blow the fruit out to finish one-time grading; if the fruit is judged to be at the second level, the controller 5 converts the level information into the stepping times j required for moving to the first level outlet, if the fruit is judged to be at the second level, the controller 5 converts the level information into the stepping times k … … required for moving to the first level outlet, and the like, and when the stepping times are 0, pneumatic classification is completed.
The controller 5 is a computer, a single chip microcomputer or a PLC.
The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and certainly should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A vision-based spherical fruit automatic grader is characterized by comprising a rack, a detection device, a single distribution conveying device, a grading execution device and a controller, wherein the detection device, the single distribution conveying device and the grading execution device are arranged on the rack; detection device locates on the fruit export and detects the surface information of fruit, the monomer is arranged conveyor and is used for singly arranging fruit and carry fruit export one by one, be equipped with the fruit that a plurality of sizes are different on the hierarchical final controlling element and exit, the controller is according to the hierarchical final controlling element of data control that detection device detected and will follow the fruit that the fruit export drops and carry corresponding fruit and exit and push out fruit and exit.
2. The vision-based automatic grader for spherical fruit according to claim 1, wherein the grading implement uses an air flow to blow the fruit out of the fruit outlet.
3. The vision-based automatic ball-shaped fruit grading machine according to claim 1, wherein the grading executing device comprises a fixed plate, a movable plate, a first driving device and an air blowing device, the fixed plate is fixedly mounted on the frame, the movable plate is rotatably mounted in the fixed plate, a power output end of the first driving device is connected with the movable plate, the fruit outlet is arranged on the outer wall of the fixed plate, and after the controller controls the first driving device to convey the fruits falling from the fruit outlet to the corresponding fruit outlet according to the data detected by the detecting device, the controller controls the air blowing device to act so as to blow the fruits out of the fruit outlet, so that a pneumatic fruit grading structure is formed.
4. The vision-based automatic ball-shaped fruit grading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the single body arrangement conveying device comprises a material barrel, a large rotating disc, a small rotating disc, a second driving device and a third driving device, wherein the large rotating disc and the small rotating disc are rotatably mounted in the material barrel, the small rotating disc is arranged above the large rotating disc, a plurality of slotted holes are formed in the outer circumference of the large rotating disc, and the power output ends of the second driving device and the third driving device are respectively connected with the large rotating disc and the small rotating disc; the second driving device drives the large turntable to rotate so that the fruits in the charging barrel fall into the slotted holes to finish the sorting of the fruits; the third driving device drives the small rotating disc to rotate so as to stir the fruits in the charging barrel, so that the fruits in the charging barrel cannot be arched.
5. The vision-based automatic grader for spherical fruits according to claim 1, wherein the detection device comprises an upper camera for taking a picture of the fruits at the position of the fruit outlet, and a lower camera installed below the fruit inlet for taking a picture of the fruits.
6. The vision-based automatic ball-shaped fruit grading machine according to claim 3, characterized in that a plurality of spacers are arranged on the circumference of the movable plate to divide the movable plate into a plurality of accommodating spaces with corresponding sizes, and the accommodating spaces can accommodate a fruit with corresponding sizes; the controller controls the first driving device to drive the corresponding accommodating space and the fruit outlet to be communicated through the detection device and conveys the fruits to the corresponding fruit outlet positions, so that the accommodating space is communicated with the fruit outlet.
7. The vision-based automatic grader for spherical fruit according to claim 1, wherein the surface information of the fruit is information of ripeness, size, texture and surface defect extracted from the images obtained by the upper and lower cameras.
8. The vision-based automatic fruit grader according to claim 4, wherein a guide bar for raising the height of the fruit in the slot is provided on the inner bottom surface of the barrel under the slot.
9. The vision-based automatic grader for spherical fruits according to claim 4, wherein the first to third driving means are stepping motors.
10. The vision-based automatic grader for spherical fruits according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the controller is a computer, or a single chip microcomputer, or a PLC.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922426269.7U CN212093280U (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Spherical fruit automatic grading machine based on vision |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922426269.7U CN212093280U (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Spherical fruit automatic grading machine based on vision |
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| CN212093280U true CN212093280U (en) | 2020-12-08 |
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| CN201922426269.7U Expired - Fee Related CN212093280U (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Spherical fruit automatic grading machine based on vision |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111069065A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-28 | 华南农业大学 | Spherical fruit automatic grading machine based on vision |
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- 2019-12-27 CN CN201922426269.7U patent/CN212093280U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111069065A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-28 | 华南农业大学 | Spherical fruit automatic grading machine based on vision |
| CN111069065B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2024-05-10 | 华南农业大学 | Spherical fruit automatic grading machine based on vision |
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Granted publication date: 20201208 Termination date: 20211227 |