CN212051506U - Preheating groove and electric furnace continuous charging reinforced preheating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a preheat recess and electric stove reinforced preheating device in succession, belong to electric stove steelmaking field. The device adopts the groove that preheats of special construction, and the nozzle setting is in the bottom department of preheating the groove, through preheating groove structure, makes the material have new configuration at the transport section, has realized that the controllable penetrating type to the material of stove or container continuous feeding in-process preheats, and this technique has solved the shortcoming that traditional duct formula continuous feeding technique can only the material surface preheat, has realized that hot flue gas penetrates the scrap steel clearance to can preheat the scrap steel high-efficiently. The device has greatly improved hot flue gas and has preheated efficiency to the material, and usable part low-grade fuel replaces the electric energy to make production more environmental protection, equipment is simple reliable, and comparatively compact, it is little to take up an area of the space, has extensive spreading value.

Description

Preheating groove and electric furnace continuous charging reinforced preheating device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to electric furnace steelmaking field, concretely relates to preheat recess and electric furnace reinforced preheating device in succession.

Background

Energy conservation, consumption reduction, environmental protection and automation are the core points of the development of the electric arc furnace steelmaking technology all the time, the energy required by molten steel smelting in the electric furnace smelting is constant according to the law of energy conservation, and the electric furnace smelting power consumption can be reduced by the technical means of waste heat recovery of electric furnace flue gas, partial replacement of chemical energy for electric energy and the like.

The electric energy is a high-grade energy, the traditional petrochemical fuel-electric energy production process has higher energy loss (common conversion efficiency is 40%), and the transfer efficiency of the electric energy-molten steel heat energy in the electric furnace is only 70% (considering the energy taken away by flue gas and slag, furnace body heat loss, power grid loss, operation loss and the like); therefore, if the chemical energy can be converted into the thermal energy, that is, the chemical energy can be directly input into the electric furnace with high efficiency, the electric energy consumption of the electric furnace can be greatly reduced. That is, partial replacement of electrical energy with chemical energy is a more economical mode of production.

The scrap preheating type arc furnace is an energy-saving arc furnace, and a scrap flue gas preheating technology of the arc furnace, which has emerged from the 80 s of the last century, is a typical energy-saving technology, such as CONSTEEL (US 5400358). The CONSTEEL technology is developed in nearly 30 years and is relatively mature, the impact of a power grid is reduced by flat molten pool smelting, the method has the advantage of reducing the maintenance of an electric furnace body, and a certain energy-saving effect is achieved in actual production. The CONSTEEL presents the problem that the electricity-saving effect is not as good as that of the shaft furnace during the use process.

With the reduction of the price of low-carbon chemical energy such as petroleum and natural gas, the introduction of external chemical energy on CONSTEEL becomes an economic method. The chemical energy is added on the conveyer belt, so that the scrap steel preheating efficiency of the conventional CONSTEEL can be improved, and similar ideas are embodied on improved CONSTEEL (such as patent applications CN103003453B, CN104583700A, CN107460274A and the like). On traditional CONSTEEL (US5400358), the flue is equipped with the nozzle or the nozzle is also the embodiment of introducing outside chemical energy, but traditional CONSTEEL also uses as total flue gas passageway simultaneously owing to preheat the duct, leads to the area of passageway big, highly for the heat exchange of nozzle gas and scrap steel is not enough, and not only thermal efficiency is not high, and equipment is still huge.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the utility model aims at providing a preheat recess and reinforced preheating device of electric stove in succession that feeds in raw material can obtain more effective steel scrap and preheat the effect on the same chemical energy input to can restrain the steel scrap and preheat the in-process dioxin and produce.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

a preheating groove comprises a U-shaped groove body, wherein a material supporting plate and a side wall hole I are arranged on the groove body; the two material supporting plates are correspondingly arranged on the inner side surfaces of the two side walls of the groove body along the length direction of the groove body, and a certain distance is reserved between the two material supporting plates to form a notch for falling materials; the two material supporting plates are at a certain distance from the bottom plate of the groove body, and a plurality of side wall holes I are correspondingly arranged on two side walls of the groove body below the material supporting plates.

Further, along the length direction of the groove body, the side wall holes I on the two side walls of the groove body are alternately arranged at intervals.

Furthermore, one side of the material supporting plate, which is close to the center surface of the groove body, is provided with a convex edge or a baffle plate for blocking materials.

Further, relative to the horizontal plane of the bottom plate of the groove body, the retainer plate is obliquely or horizontally arranged on the side wall of the groove body; when the material supporting plate is obliquely arranged, the material supporting plate is arranged towards the direction of sliding the materials from the middle of the groove body.

Furthermore, the bottom plate of the groove body is connected with two side walls of the groove body through inclined side plates, and the side wall holes I are formed in the side wall of the groove body below the material supporting plate and above the inclined side plates.

Furthermore, the drill way of each side wall hole I is higher than the bottom plate of the tank body for a certain distance.

Furthermore, the inner side surface of the bottom plate of the groove body is provided with wear-resistant guide strips extending along the length direction of the groove body, and the wear-resistant guide strips are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the groove body.

Furthermore, wear-resistant guide strips extending along the length direction of the groove body are arranged on the upper end face of the material supporting plate, and the wear-resistant guide strips are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the material supporting plate.

Furthermore, the groove body and the material supporting plate are internally provided with cooling cavities.

The utility model provides an electric stove is reinforced preheating device in raw material feeding in succession, includes the petticoat pipe, still includes like above-mentioned preheating groove, and the petticoat pipe cover is detained at the top of preheating the groove.

Further, a side wall hole II is formed in the smoke hood, a plurality of side wall holes II are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the side wall holes I in the preheating groove, and the side wall holes II which are correspondingly arranged are communicated with the side wall holes I through circulating pipes.

Further, the petticoat pipe is the U type cover body, along the length direction of the cover body, and lateral wall hole II is seted up on the both sides wall of the cover body.

And the burner further comprises a burner with an air suction chamber, the air suction chamber is connected to each side wall hole I of the preheating groove, and one end of the circulating pipe is communicated with the side wall holes I through the air suction chamber.

Furthermore, a burner or a pulverized coal burner which can blow gas into the side wall hole I is correspondingly arranged outside each side wall hole I of the preheating groove.

And each side wall hole I of the preheating groove is communicated with the combustion furnace through a hot air guide pipe.

Further, the device also comprises a batching conveying groove connected with the preheating groove through dynamic sealing, wherein the batching conveying groove is formed by continuously extending an isosceles trapezoid groove towards the depth direction at the center of the bottom of the rectangular groove, and the small end of the isosceles trapezoid groove faces downwards.

And furthermore, the device also comprises a movable trolley connecting groove, and two ends of the trolley connecting groove are correspondingly connected with the preheating groove and the feeding end of the electric furnace.

Furthermore, a gap seal is arranged between the preheating groove and the nozzle or the pulverized coal burner.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:

(1) this preheat recess has changed the cell type structure, the deep troughed structure of its adoption for the bed of material is the continuous reinforced 1.2 ~ 3 times of tradition, under the same length, should preheat the recess and can store more scrap steel and preheat, not only means the material has better preheating effect, still makes should preheat the recess and have the basis and the advantage of shortening length, if select to shorten preheating groove length, can shorten the length of whole production facility, thereby reduces the heat and scatters and disappears.

(2) The preheating groove can reconstruct the pile type of the waste steel material in the groove body, so that a smoke dispersion cavity capable of flowing through high-temperature gas is formed on two sides of the waste steel material, the smoke dispersion cavity can enable the high-temperature smoke to be dispersed into gaps of the waste steel material, penetration type preheating is realized, and accordingly higher chemical energy thermal efficiency can be obtained through external chemical energy input through the side wall hole I, and electric energy and total energy consumption required by electric furnace smelting are greatly saved.

(3) The smoke dispersion cavities are arranged on two sides of the preheating groove and penetrate through the whole preheating groove, so that the area of smoke penetrating through the material layer is large; meanwhile, the material layer thickness is moderate, the resistance of the smoke gas to the diffusion movement in the material is small, which provides the basic condition for the circular flow preheating of the material by the electric furnace smoke gas and provides the condition on the structural equipment for the use of low-heat value fuel gas. Even if the burner does not work, the flue gas dispersion cavity can still be used as a flue gas channel of part of the electric furnace flue gas, and the part of the flue gas can also realize penetration preheating of the scrap steel.

(4) The steel scrap at the bottom of the traditional continuous feeding conveying trough can not contact the flue gas of the electric furnace in the main flue, so that the temperature of the steel scrap layer is high and low, and the temperature of the steel scrap layer at the bottom is usually less than 100 ℃. The preheating gas of the device is blown in from the bottom of the preheating groove, so that penetration preheating is realized, and the average preheating temperature of the scrap steel can be increased and the uniformity of the preheating temperature can be ensured/improved by matching with a burner with higher combustion efficiency. As long as the chemical energy is enough, the average temperature of the scrap steel can be preheated to 500-800 ℃, so that the smelting power consumption of the electric furnace is greatly saved, and the power consumption of the electric furnace can be reduced to below 300 kwh/t.

(5) The device has the greatest advantages that: because the temperature of the scrap steel at the bottom layer of the preheating groove is low, the requirement on the temperature of a burner or blown gas is not high, the requirement on fuel is low by the burner (such as blast furnace gas), penetration preheating can be generated even if the temperature of the fuel gas is 700-1000 degrees, and a good preheating effect can be obtained. When high-heat value natural gas and fuel oil are used, the preheating effect is better, so that the device has better energy adaptability.

(6) The device realizes the circular flow penetration type preheating of the electric furnace flue gas by utilizing the principle of the jet pump, can use a fuel spray gun besides a burner with an air suction chamber, and even can guide the electric furnace flue gas by adopting an air jet mode. When the air injection mode is adopted to guide the flue gas of the electric furnace, the scrap steel preheating effect is poorer than that of modes such as a burner with an air suction chamber, a fuel spray gun and the like, but the consumption of fuel energy is avoided.

(7) When low-calorific-value gas or air-jet circulation flue gas is used, the gas or circulation flue gas penetrating through the waste steel layer can have a low flue gas temperature after penetrating through the waste steel, dioxin is easily generated in the process, but the part of flue gas diffused out of the waste steel layer can be mixed with the high-temperature electric furnace flue gas (900-1100 ℃) of the main flue, and harmful ingredients can be burnt in the process, so that additional fuel is not needed in environmental protection treatment.

(8) Compared with other continuous feeding reinforced preheating technologies, the device has the advantages that only 1 dust removal port is provided, no extra adjusting means is needed, and the control is simple and convenient; and the length of the equipment can be greatly shortened, the space and investment of a workshop site are saved, and the requirement on fuel is also reduced (such as blast furnace gas, coal powder, coal and the like with low calorific value).

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and/or combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Drawings

For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, features and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a preheating groove (a water-cooling structure is not drawn on a horizontal retainer plate);

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pre-heating groove (the inclined retainer plate is not drawn with a water-cooling structure);

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pre-heating groove (a water-cooling structure is drawn on an inclined retainer plate);

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a continuous charging reinforced preheating device of an electric furnace;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first embodiment (the horizontal retainer plate is not shown with a water-cooling structure);

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first embodiment (the inclined retainer plate is not shown with a water-cooling structure);

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the flow direction of flue gas in the first embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view of the second embodiment (the inclined retainer plate is drawn with a water cooling structure);

FIG. 10 is a schematic flow diagram of flue gas in the second embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view of the second embodiment (using a pulverized coal burner);

FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view of a third embodiment (using a burner);

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a batch feed chute;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing the engagement of the ingredient conveying groove with the preheating groove.

Reference numerals:

the device comprises an electric furnace 1, a trolley connecting groove 2, a preheating groove 3, a batching conveying groove 4, a dynamic seal 5, a dust removal opening 6, a smoke hood 7, a burner 8, smoke 9, waste steel 10, a circulating pipe 11, a hot air guide pipe 12, a combustion furnace 13, a pulverized coal burner 14 and a charging guide plate 15;

in preheating the groove 3: the device comprises a side wall 301, a bottom plate 302, a retainer plate 303, a side wall hole I304, a convex edge 305, a baffle 306, an inclined side plate 307, a wear-resistant guide strip 308, a flue gas dispersion cavity 309 and a cooling cavity 310;

a suction chamber 801, gas 802 (generated by a burner), a side wall hole II 701 and circulating flue gas 901.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in the present specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.

Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in any way limiting the scope of the invention; for a better understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationships in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the terms according to specific situations.

Preheating groove

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a preheating groove 3 includes a U-shaped groove body surrounded by two side walls 301 and a bottom plate 302, and the groove body is provided with a material supporting plate 303 and a side wall hole i 304; two material supporting plates 303 are arranged along the length direction of the groove body, the two material supporting plates 303 are correspondingly arranged on the inner side surfaces of the two side walls 301 of the groove body, and a certain distance is formed between the two material supporting plates 303 to form a notch ww for falling materials; the two material supporting plates 303 are away from the bottom plate 302 of the groove body by a certain distance hh, and a plurality of side wall holes I304 are correspondingly arranged on two side walls of the groove body below the material supporting plates 303.

Specifically, two retainer plates 303 in the preheating groove 3 are arranged at intervals, so that a notch ww capable of penetrating through the material is formed between the two retainer plates 303, the two retainer plates are arranged above the side wall hole i 304, the width control of the retainer plates 303 is determined according to the shielding condition of the retainer plates 303 on the side wall hole i 304 below the retainer plates and the distance condition of the notch formed between the two retainer plates, namely, the retainer plates can completely shield the side wall holes i 304 on the two side walls of the preheating groove in vertical projection (namely, the projection of the side wall hole i 304 on the horizontal plane facing the bottom plate 302), and the notches between the retainer plates on the two sides can keep a necessary safety distance, so as to ensure that the stacking slope at the notch does not block the side wall hole i. The retainer plate 303 can be set to different structural forms according to requirements so as to correspond to the functions of material blocking, material supporting and air guiding. In order to realize the air guide function of the retainer plate 303, through holes can be correspondingly formed on the surface of the retainer plate 303.

The material layer (be for "scrap steel material 10" that the below recorded) that will carry loads in preheating recess 3, and the material can pass through the notch landing to the cell body of holding in the palm the flitch below, because the effect of sheltering from of holding in the palm the flitch (this shelters from the effect and can control the width dimension bb who holds in the palm flitch 303 and realize) for concentrate the center department at the cell body through the material of notch landing to holding in the palm the flitch below, then the material can not appear sheltering from to lateral wall 301 lateral wall hole I304 like this. The opening notch area is sealed by the material, and the material is laid on the material supporting plate, so that the side wall 301 of the groove body, the material supporting plate 303 and the material layer in the center area of the groove body jointly form a smoke dispersion cavity 309 which can be communicated with the preheating groove. The smoke dispersion cavity 309 can be used as a preheating channel on two sides of the material, so that the upper end surface and two side surfaces of the material in the preheating groove 3 can be preheated simultaneously, and the mode needs to be emphasized that the penetration effect of smoke in a material pile (scrap steel) is improved, so that the smoke can be preheated more fully and uniformly.

In the scheme, the side wall holes I304 on the two side walls of the tank body are alternately arranged at intervals along the length direction of the tank body, and the arrangement can also improve the penetration uniformity of hot air in the material pile.

As a further optimization of the above scheme, a protruding edge 305 (shown in fig. 1 and 2) or a baffle 306 (shown in fig. 3) for blocking the material is arranged on one side of the retainer plate 303 close to the central plane OO' of the groove body. The convex edge 305 or the baffle 306 is used for increasing the resistance of the material on the retainer plate to slide, so that the phenomenon that the side wall hole I is blocked by the stockpile slope at the notch due to the fact that the material slides too smoothly in the preheating groove 3 in the vibration process is avoided.

The material supporting plates 303 can be obliquely (shown in fig. 2 and 3) or horizontally (shown in fig. 1) arranged on the side wall of the trough body, where the 'oblique or horizontal' is relative to the horizontal plane where the bottom plate 302 of the trough body is located, when the material supporting plates 303 are obliquely arranged, the material supporting plates 303 are arranged in the direction of sliding down the material from the middle of the trough body, that is, the two oblique material supporting plates 303 arranged at intervals are similar to a hopper, so as to ensure that the material sliding down has certain smoothness during the vibration process of the preheating groove 3.

The preheating groove 3 has various deformation forms, such as: the bottom plate 302 of the trough body is connected with the two side walls 301 of the trough body through the inclined side plates 307 (as shown in fig. 2), and at this time, the side wall holes i 304 are formed in the side walls of the trough body below the retainer plate 303 and above the inclined side plates 307. When the material supporting plate 303 is also obliquely arranged, the preheating groove 3 with the structure enables the side wall holes I on the groove to be inclined upward pipe orifices, so that the preheating effect of scrap steel can be improved, and the side wall holes I can be better prevented from being blocked.

Preferably, the orifices of the side wall holes I304 are all higher than the bottom plate 302 of the tank body by a certain distance, so that the height of the flue gas dispersion cavity 309 can be increased, and the preheating area on two sides of the stockpile is increased.

As a further optimization of the above scheme, the inner side surface of the bottom plate 302 of the tank body is provided with wear-resistant guide strips 308 (as shown in fig. 3) extending along the length direction of the tank body, and a plurality of wear-resistant guide strips are arranged side by side in the width direction of the bottom plate 302 of the tank body at intervals. Preferably, among the wear-resistant guide strips, the wear-resistant guide strips on two sides are higher than the wear-resistant guide strip arranged in the middle, so that the wear-resistant guide strips on two sides can play a role in preventing materials on the stacking slope from rolling down to the position of the side wall hole I304 to limit the transverse movement of scrap steel, and the risk that the stacking slope blocks the side wall hole I is reduced; meanwhile, the bottom plate of the groove body can be more wear-resistant.

Preferably, wear-resistant guide strips 308 extending along the length direction of the groove body can be arranged on the upper end surface of the retainer plate 303 as required, and a plurality of wear-resistant guide strips on the retainer plate 303 can be arranged according to the width of the retainer plate 303. On the premise that the edge of the retainer plate 303 is provided with the convex edge 305 or the baffle 306, the wear-resistant guide strip 308 on the retainer plate 303 can be selected to be arranged or not according to the installation inclination condition of the retainer plate 303.

As a further optimization of the above scheme, the inside of the trough body and the retainer plate is provided with a cooling cavity 310 (as shown in fig. 3), that is, the preheating groove 3 is provided with a water cooling structure, so that the reliability of the operation of the equipment at high temperature can be maintained.

This preheat recess 3 has changed the cell type structure, the deep troughed structure of its adoption for the bed of material is the continuous reinforced 1.2 ~ 2 times of tradition, under the same length, should preheat recess 3 and can store more scrap steel and preheat, not only means the material has better preheating effect, still makes should preheat recess 3 and has the basis and the advantage of shortening length, if select to shorten and preheat recess 3 length, can shorten the length of whole production facility, thereby reduces heat loss.

The preheating groove 3 can reconstruct the pile type of the waste steel material 10 in the groove body, so that a smoke dispersion cavity 309 through which high-temperature gas can flow is formed at two sides of the waste steel material 10, the smoke dispersion cavity 309 can enable high-temperature smoke to be dispersed into gaps of the waste steel material 10, penetration type preheating is realized, and therefore external chemical energy input through a side wall hole I304 can obtain higher chemical energy thermal efficiency, and electric energy and total energy consumption of electric furnace smelting are greatly saved. It should be noted that: the smoke dispersion cavity 309 is formed in the two sides of the preheating groove and penetrates through the whole preheating groove, so that the area of smoke penetrating through the material layer is large; meanwhile, the material layer thickness is moderate, the resistance of the diffusion movement of the smoke in the material is small, which provides a basic condition for the circular flow preheating of the material by the smoke of the electric furnace and provides a structural condition for the use of low-calorific-value gas.

Continuous charging reinforced preheating device for electric furnace

In the first embodiment, please refer to fig. 4 to 8. The continuous charging reinforced preheating device for the electric furnace comprises the electric furnace 1, a smoke hood 7 and the preheating groove 3, wherein the smoke hood 7 is buckled at the top of the preheating groove 3. In the device, preheat recess 3 and link up with the pan feeding end of electric stove 1 through portable dolly spread groove 2, preheat duct's flue gas outlet end one side, preheat the duct and link up with batching conveyer trough 4 through dynamic seal 5 mutually, dolly spread groove 2 control electric stove 1 with preheat being connected or breaking away from of recess 3. The trolley connecting groove 2, the preheating groove 3 and the smoke hood 7 form a material preheating duct which is used for continuously adding the waste steel material 10 into the electric furnace 1 and extracting the smoke 9 in the electric furnace; the bottom of the preheating duct, namely the burner 8 is arranged outside the side wall hole I304 on the preheating groove 3, wherein the preheating groove 3, the smoke hood 7 and the burner 8 at the bottom form a strengthened preheating duct. The material distribution conveying groove 4 completes material feeding and material distribution of the preheating duct, and the dynamic seal 5 realizes the sealing of air between the reinforced preheating duct and the material distribution conveying groove 4 so as to reduce the leakage of air to the dust removal opening 6. Because preheat recess 3 and adopted special construction for this scheme has improved the effect of preheating of steel scrap.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the burner 8 is installed outside the sidewall holes i 304 on both sidewalls of the preheating groove 3. The smoke hood 7 is a U-shaped hood body, side wall holes II 701 are formed in two side walls of the hood body along the length direction of the hood body, and the number and the positions of the side wall holes II 701 are in one-to-one correspondence with the side wall holes I304 in the preheating groove 3. The burners 8 are provided with air suction chambers 801, each burner is correspondingly installed outside the side wall hole I304 through the air suction chamber 801, the air suction chambers 801 are correspondingly connected with the side wall holes II 701 on the smoke hood 7 through the circulating pipe 11, and therefore the connection between the side wall holes II and the side wall holes I is achieved.

After the waste steel material 10 is filled in the preheating groove 1, the waste steel material 10 sinks into the bottom of the groove through the groove opening ww and is piled up to a certain height, and part of the waste steel material 10 is supported on the material supporting plate 303; therefore, 2 cavities-a smoke dispersion cavity 309 which run through the preheating groove 3 are formed on the side wall 301 of the preheating groove 3, the two material supporting plates 303 and the 10 layers of the waste steel materials in the central area. The flue gas dispersion chamber 309, which is determined by the dimensions bb, hh and the structure of the retainer plate 303, has a large contact area with the scrap on the scrap side.

The gas or air sprayed from the burner 8 forms a jet pump principle in the suction chamber 801, and partial flue gas (hereinafter, the partial flue gas is referred to as "circulation flue gas 901") in the flue gas 9 from the electric furnace is brought into the flue gas dispersion chamber 309 on both sides of the preheating groove 3 through the side wall holes i 304 by the circulation pipe 11. After smoke or fuel gas enters the dispersion cavity through the side wall holes I304, the gas is pumped upwards into a main flue (namely a smoke channel above the waste steel 10) under the negative pressure of the smoke 9 above the waste steel 10.

In the preheating duct, the circulating flue gas 901, the flue gas 9 and the gas 802 or the air sprayed by the burner 8 are mixed and then are pumped away under the suction action of the dust removal port 6. The amount of the circulating flue gas 901 depends on the structure of the suction chamber 801, the structure and the size of the preheating groove 3, and is also related to the material resistance. The circulating power of the circulating flue gas 901 comes from the kinetic energy of the gas sprayed by the burner 8, and the running resistance of the circulating flue gas 901 is small because the waste steel material layer in the preheating groove 3 is not thick and the contact area of the waste steel material 10 in the dispersion cavity is large.

The core point of this embodiment for improving the preheating effect lies in: preheat the notch ww that groove 3 sectional middle part constitutes for both sides die-pad board 303, preheat the lateral wall hole I304 on the groove both sides and be shielded by die-pad board 303 completely, the notch ww edgewise (protruding edge 305/the lateral surface that separates baffle 306 promptly) that the both sides die-pad board 303 constitutes keeps certain safe distance (can be about die-pad board bb width when die-pad board 303 angle of inclination is not big) with lateral wall hole I304 simultaneously, can ensure that scrap steel material 10 slope unblocks lateral wall hole I304, and like this, can prevent the steam circulation that causes because of blockking up lateral wall hole I304 and hinder the problem, guaranteed scrap steel material 10 and in preheating groove 3 vertically the unobstructed nature of operation.

It should be noted that: preheating groove 3 in this embodiment is the horizontal vibration groove of non-resonance, and nozzle 8 is generally fixed mounting, has adopted flat gap seal (clearance 2 ~ 10mm) when so nozzle 8 and preheating groove 3 two connect in lateral wall hole I304 department, and of course, other seal structure of also can assisting to reduce air leakage and flow in.

The device realizes the circular flow penetration type preheating of the electric furnace flue gas by utilizing the principle of the jet pump, can use a fuel spray gun and a nozzle besides a burner with an air suction chamber, and can even guide the electric furnace flue gas by adopting an air jet mode. When the mode of injecting air is adopted to guide the flue gas of the electric furnace, the scrap steel preheating effect is poorer than that of modes of a burner with an air suction chamber, a fuel spray gun and the like, but the method has the advantage that no fuel energy is consumed.

In the second embodiment, please refer to fig. 9 to 11. The electric furnace continuous feeding reinforced preheating device in the embodiment is a simplified design. Compared with the first embodiment, the design eliminates the air suction chamber 801 on the burner, does not open the side wall hole II 701 on the smoke cover 7 and does not have the circulating pipe 11. Namely, a burner 8 or a nozzle or a pulverized coal burner which can blow gas into the side wall hole I is directly and correspondingly arranged outside each side wall hole I304 of the preheating groove 3, at the moment, the burner 8 needs to provide energy for preheating the scrap steel 10, and flame for combustion is sprayed into the flue gas dispersion cavity 309 through the burner. The improvement can greatly simplify the whole device, thus greatly reducing the maintenance amount of the system, providing a new choice for rich steel mills and regions such as natural gas, fuel oil, converter gas, blast furnace gas and the like, not only embodying greater energy-saving advantage, but also reducing the production cost (power consumption and electrode consumption) of customers.

Please refer to fig. 12 for a third embodiment. The continuous charging reinforced preheating device of the electric furnace in the embodiment is a deformation form. The device eliminates a burner nozzle, the smoke hood 7 is not provided with a side wall hole II 701, but is provided with a hot air guide pipe 12, and each side wall hole I304 of the preheating groove 3 is communicated with a combustion furnace 13 generating hot air (600-1200 ℃) through the hot air guide pipe 12. The combustion furnace 13 is used as an energy device, coal or social combustible waste and the like in the combustion furnace are used as energy, and the hot air guide pipe 12 is used as a burner 8 to input energy into the smoke dispersion cavity 309 of the preheating groove 3. When the embodiment is adopted, the height hh between the bottom end surface of the retainer plate and the bottom plate surface of the groove body can be properly reduced.

The coal-fired electric furnace has the advantages that the coal-fired electric furnace has the electricity-heat conversion efficiency (38-40%) multiplied by the electricity-heat conversion efficiency (70%) of the electric furnace, and then the heat efficiency is only less than 30%, the second embodiment and the third embodiment can solve the problem of natural gas resource shortage in a part of areas in the electric furnace steelmaking process, higher heat efficiency can be obtained, and experiments prove that the heat efficiency of the part can be improved to 50-70%.

It should be noted that the burner in the above embodiment can be replaced by a pulverized coal burner 14 (market product) according to actual use conditions, which is one of the practical solutions for selecting fuel in the device, and in this case, pulverized coal is used as an energy source for preheating scrap instead of fuel gas.

As a further optimization of the above embodiments, the ingredient conveying trough 4 may adopt a special structural form, as shown in fig. 13 and 14, the conveying trough is a special-shaped trough, the upper part of the trough is a rectangular trough, and a groove in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid continuously extends from the center of the bottom of the rectangular trough in the width direction of the trough body towards the depth direction, wherein the small end of the groove in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid faces downwards. The batching conveyer trough 4 of this form can be better the adaptation preheat the windrow characteristic of recess 3 (middle windrow is many, and both sides windrow is few) to make whole device can tentatively satisfy the windrow requirement of preheating recess 3 in the batching link. Preferably, a charging guide plate 15 is correspondingly arranged above the rectangular groove of the ingredient conveying groove 4 to prevent the ingredients from scattering.

The continuous feeding reinforced preheating method for the electric furnace comprises the steps that a preheating groove 3 and a smoke hood 7 jointly form a preheating duct for conveying materials and flowing smoke, a material supporting plate 303 for conducting the whole groove body is correspondingly arranged on the inner sides of two side walls 301 of the groove body of the preheating groove, a plurality of side wall holes I304 are formed in the two side walls of the groove body below the material supporting plate 303, the inner cavity of the groove body of the preheating groove 3 is divided into an upper layer structure and a lower layer structure through the two material supporting plates 303, and the two material supporting plates 303 are disconnected to form a notch of falling materials. Through the width bb of each material supporting plate, the height hh between the bottom end surface of the material supporting plate and the bottom surface of the groove body and the width ww of a notch between the two material supporting plates, the stacking shape of the materials conveyed in the preheating groove 3 is controlled, the materials are ensured to fall through the material supporting plates and the notches between the material supporting plates and stacked in the central area of the groove body, the transverse movement of the materials can be stopped by matching with the wear-resistant guide strips 308, the side wall holes I304 can not be blocked by the materials, and meanwhile, the notches are sealed by the materials and the materials are also paved above the material supporting plates. A flue gas dispersion cavity 309 which penetrates through the whole preheating groove 3 is formed by a material supporting plate 303, a side wall 301 of the groove body with a side wall hole I below the material supporting plate and a material (namely a waste steel material 10) which falls to the central area of the groove body through a notch; the materials in the duct are preheated together through the smoke channel between the smoke hood 7 and the preheating groove 3 and the smoke dispersion cavity 309 on two sides of the material stack.

Taking the preheating device in the first embodiment as an example, the flue gas 9 in the electric furnace 1 passes through the flue gas channel formed by the preheating groove 3 and the smoke hood 7, and preheats the upper surface of the steel scrap 10 conveyed in the preheating groove 3 in a vibrating manner (specifically, the upper surface of the steel scrap 10 laid above the material supporting plates 32 on two sides and stacked in the central area of the groove body); the gas 802 sprayed by the burner 8 enters the flue gas dispersion cavity 309 at the bottoms of the two sides of the preheating groove 3 through the side wall hole I304, the gas suction chamber 801 forms a basic principle of a jet pump under the jet flow effect of the gas 802 sprayed by the high-speed burner, and partial flue gas in the smoke hood 7 is guided into the flue gas dispersion cavity 309 through the side wall hole I304 through the circulating pipe 11, so that the waste steel 10 accumulated in the central area of the preheating groove is subjected to penetration type preheating. The mixed flue gas (including the circulation flue gas 901 and the fuel gas 802) penetrating through the scrap stacking gap and the high-temperature flue gas 9 of the electric furnace are mixed and then extracted through the dust removal port 6.

Taking the simplified preheating device in the second embodiment as an example, in the method, the burner 8 is directly arranged corresponding to the sidewall hole i 304, that is, the gas is directly sprayed into the flue gas dispersion chamber 309 through the burner. At the moment, the flue gas 9 of the electric furnace 1 passes through a flue gas channel formed by the preheating groove 3 and the smoke hood 7, and preheats the surface of the waste steel 10 conveyed in the preheating groove 3 in a vibration mode (specifically, the surface is paved above the material supporting plates 32 at two sides and is accumulated on the upper surface of the waste steel 10 at the central area of the groove body); the burner gas 802 at the bottoms of the two sides of the preheating groove 3 enters the flue gas dispersion cavity 309(bb × hh) through the side wall hole I304, and diffuses and penetrates into the waste steel 10 in the central area (ww) of the preheating groove 3, so that the penetration type preheating of the waste steel 10 is realized. The gas 802 penetrating the scrap steel and the high-temperature flue gas 9 of the electric furnace are mixed and then extracted from the dust removal port 6.

Taking the preheating device in the third embodiment as an example, the method is to introduce the heat/hot flue gas released by burning the pulverized coal into the flue gas dispersion chamber 309 through the hot air duct 12 connected to the combustion furnace 13. Which also penetration-preheats the scrap 10 accumulated in the central area of the preheating groove 3. The flue gas penetrating through the scrap stacking gap does not comprise circulating flue gas 901, coal powder is used for replacing fuel gas to serve as energy for preheating scrap, and finally the part of flue gas is mixed with high-temperature flue gas 9 of the electric furnace and then extracted through a dust removal opening 6.

Finally, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (18)

1. A preheating groove is characterized in that: the device comprises a U-shaped groove body, wherein a material supporting plate and a side wall hole I are arranged on the groove body; the two material supporting plates are correspondingly arranged on the inner side surfaces of the two side walls of the groove body along the length direction of the groove body, and a certain distance is reserved between the two material supporting plates to form a notch for falling materials; the two material supporting plates are at a certain distance from the bottom plate of the groove body, and a plurality of side wall holes I are correspondingly arranged on two side walls of the groove body below the material supporting plates.

2. The pre-heat groove of claim 1, wherein: along the length direction of the groove body, the side wall holes I on the two side walls of the groove body are alternately arranged at intervals.

3. Preheating groove according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: one side of the retainer plate close to the center surface of the groove body is provided with a convex edge or a baffle plate for blocking materials.

4. The pre-heat groove of claim 3, wherein: the material supporting plate is obliquely or horizontally arranged on the side wall of the groove body relative to the horizontal plane of the bottom plate of the groove body; when the material supporting plate is obliquely arranged, the material supporting plate is arranged towards the direction of sliding the materials from the middle of the groove body.

5. The pre-heat groove of claim 4, wherein: the bottom plate of the tank body is connected with two side walls of the tank body through inclined side plates, and the side wall holes I are formed in the side wall of the tank body below the material supporting plate and above the inclined side plates.

6. The pre-heat groove of claim 3, wherein: the drill way of each side wall hole I is higher than the bottom plate of the tank body for a certain distance.

7. The pre-heat groove of claim 3, wherein: the inner side surface of the bottom plate of the groove body is provided with wear-resistant guide strips extending along the length direction of the groove body, and the wear-resistant guide strips are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the groove body.

8. The pre-heat groove of claim 3, wherein: wear-resistant guide strips extending along the length direction of the groove body are arranged on the upper end face of the material supporting plate, and the wear-resistant guide strips are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the material supporting plate.

9. The pre-heat groove of claim 3, wherein: the tank body and the material supporting plate are internally provided with cooling cavities.

10. The utility model provides an electric stove is reinforced preheating device in succession that feeds in raw material, includes the petticoat pipe, its characterized in that: the exhaust hood further comprises a preheating groove according to any one of claims 4 to 9, and the hood cover is buckled at the top of the preheating groove.

11. The continuous-charging reinforced preheating device for the electric furnace according to claim 10, characterized in that: the smoke cover is provided with a side wall hole II, a plurality of side wall holes II are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the side wall holes I on the preheating groove, and the side wall holes II which are correspondingly arranged are communicated with the side wall holes I through circulating pipes.

12. The continuous-charging reinforced preheating device for the electric furnace according to claim 11, characterized in that: the petticoat pipe is the U type cover body, along the length direction of the cover body, and side wall hole II is seted up on the both sides wall of the cover body.

13. The continuous-charging reinforced preheating device for the electric furnace according to claim 12, characterized in that: the burner is characterized by further comprising a burner with an air suction chamber, the air suction chamber is connected to each side wall hole I of the preheating groove, and one end of the circulating pipe is communicated with the side wall holes I through the air suction chamber.

14. The continuous-charging reinforced preheating device for the electric furnace according to claim 10, characterized in that: and a burner or a pulverized coal burner which can blow gas into the side wall hole I is correspondingly arranged outside each side wall hole I of the preheating groove.

15. The continuous-charging reinforced preheating device for the electric furnace according to claim 10, characterized in that: the preheating groove is characterized by further comprising a combustion furnace, and each side wall hole I of the preheating groove is communicated with the combustion furnace through a hot air guide pipe.

16. The continuous charging reinforced preheating device for the electric furnace according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that: the automatic batching device is characterized by further comprising a batching conveying groove connected with the preheating groove through dynamic sealing, wherein the batching conveying groove is formed by continuously extending an isosceles trapezoid groove towards the depth direction at the center of the bottom of the rectangular groove, and the small end of the isosceles trapezoid groove faces downwards.

17. The continuous feed enhanced preheating device for the electric furnace according to claim 16, wherein: the device also comprises a movable trolley connecting groove, wherein two ends of the trolley connecting groove are correspondingly connected with the preheating groove and the feeding end of the electric furnace.

18. The continuous feed enhanced preheating device for the electric furnace according to claim 14, wherein: and a gap seal is arranged between the preheating groove and the nozzle or the pulverized coal burner.

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