CN212025454U - High-speed laser cladding nozzle and laser cladding equipment - Google Patents
High-speed laser cladding nozzle and laser cladding equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN212025454U CN212025454U CN202020088764.1U CN202020088764U CN212025454U CN 212025454 U CN212025454 U CN 212025454U CN 202020088764 U CN202020088764 U CN 202020088764U CN 212025454 U CN212025454 U CN 212025454U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a high-speed laser cladding nozzle and laser cladding equipment, high-speed laser cladding nozzle includes laser passageway, first portion and second portion, the laser passageway is used for transmitting a laser, be equipped with first passageway in the first portion, first passageway is used for carrying first material, the movement track of first material with laser crosses in first preset position, be equipped with the second passageway in the second portion, the second passageway is used for carrying the second material, the movement track of second material with laser crosses in second preset position. By enabling the first material and the second material to be intersected with the laser at different positions, the effects of the laser on different materials are conveniently controlled in a distinguishing mode, meanwhile, the interaction between the materials is avoided, and the quality of a cladding layer is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a laser cladding technical field especially relates to a high-speed laser cladding nozzle and laser cladding equipment.
Background
Laser cladding is a surface modification technology, and is characterized in that a cladding material is added on the surface of a workpiece to be clad, and the cladding material and a thin layer on the surface of the workpiece to be clad are fused together by using a laser beam with high energy density, so that a cladding layer which is metallurgically bonded with the thin layer on the surface of the workpiece to be clad is formed on the workpiece to be clad.
In the laser cladding process, the common process is to melt the surface of the workpiece to be clad by using a converged laser beam to form a molten pool, then converge the cladding material (generally metal powder) by a feeding mechanism, then feed the converged cladding material into the molten pool for melting, and then cool and solidify the cladding material to form a cladding layer on the surface of the workpiece to be clad. With the development of the laser process and the continuous development of the application requirements, the laser cladding process technology is continuously improved. At present, an ultra-high-speed cladding process is available, in which a cladding material is preferentially melted before reaching a workpiece to be clad and reaches the surface of the workpiece to be clad in a molten state, and then is cooled and solidified to form a cladding layer, so that an ultra-thin cladding layer and high cladding efficiency can be realized. However, the process of the ultra-high speed cladding process has the problem that if a two-phase composite cladding material is treated and the melting points of the two cladding materials are greatly different, one cladding material is burnt or cannot be sufficiently melted because cladding is simultaneously carried out by the same laser, so that an ideal cladding layer is difficult to obtain.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a high-speed laser cladding nozzle and laser cladding equipment can improve the utilization ratio to the composite cladding material to improve the quality and the effect of cladding technology.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a high-speed laser cladding nozzle, include:
the laser channel is used for transmitting laser;
the laser device comprises a first part, a second part and a laser, wherein a first channel is arranged in the first part and used for conveying a first material, and the motion track of the first material is intersected with the laser at a first preset position;
and a second part, wherein a second channel is arranged in the second part and used for conveying a second material, and the motion track of the second material is intersected with the laser at a second preset position.
Optionally, the high-speed laser cladding nozzle includes a to-be-clad area, the to-be-clad area is located on a to-be-clad workpiece, and a distance from the first predetermined position to the to-be-clad area is greater than a distance from the second predetermined position to the to-be-clad area.
Optionally, the first portion is disposed around the laser channel, the second portion is disposed around the first portion, and the first portion and the second portion are coaxial.
Optionally, an adjusting assembly is disposed at an end of the laser channel away from the first predetermined position, and the adjusting assembly can adjust a relative position between the laser channel and the first portion.
Optionally, the adjusting assembly includes a ring-shaped member and a plurality of screws, the ring-shaped member is sleeved outside the laser channel, a lower surface of the ring-shaped member contacts with an upper surface of the first portion, a plurality of first threaded holes are circumferentially formed in the ring-shaped member, second threaded holes are formed in positions of the first portion corresponding to the first threaded holes, and the screws penetrate through the first threaded holes and extend into the second threaded holes to connect the ring-shaped member with the first portion.
Optionally, a light reflecting plate is further sleeved outside the laser channel, and at least part of the light reflecting plate is located between the annular member and the first portion.
Optionally, an annular first feeding cavity is arranged at one end of the first channel, and the first feeding cavity is connected with a first material supply device through a plurality of first conveying pipelines.
Optionally, a plurality of the first conveying pipes are distributed along the circumference of the first feeding cavity.
Optionally, one end of the second channel is provided with an annular second feeding cavity, and the second feeding cavity is connected with a second material supply device through a plurality of second conveying pipelines.
Optionally, a plurality of the second conveying pipes are distributed along the circumference of the second feeding cavity.
Optionally, the high-speed laser cladding nozzle further comprises an annular water-cooling channel, and the water-cooling channel is located in the first portion.
Optionally, the first material is a first metal powder, the second material is a second metal powder, and melting points of the first metal powder and the second metal powder are different.
Based on this, this application still provides a laser cladding equipment, including robot, laser generator, laser head, first material supply apparatus, second material supply apparatus and high-speed laser cladding nozzle, high-speed laser cladding nozzle set up in can follow on the arm of robot removes, laser generator passes through the laser head with the laser passageway intercommunication of high-speed laser cladding nozzle, first material supply apparatus with the first passageway intercommunication of high-speed laser cladding nozzle, second material supply apparatus with the second passageway intercommunication of high-speed laser cladding nozzle.
The utility model provides a pair of in high-speed laser cladding nozzle, including laser passageway, first portion and second portion, the laser passageway is used for transmitting a laser, be equipped with first passageway in the first portion, first passageway is used for carrying first material, the movement track of first material with laser crosses in first preset position, be equipped with the second passageway in the second portion, the second passageway is used for carrying the second material, the movement track of second material with laser crosses in second preset position. By enabling the first material and the second material to be intersected with the laser at different positions, the effects of the laser on different materials are conveniently controlled in a distinguishing mode, meanwhile, the interaction between the materials is avoided, and the quality of a cladding layer is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a high-speed laser cladding nozzle provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a high-speed laser cladding nozzle provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the high-speed laser cladding nozzle provided in fig. 2 along direction a-a.
Wherein the reference numerals are:
10-laser channel; 20-a first part; 30-a second part; 40-ring-shaped member; 50-a screw; 60-a reflector; 70-a water-cooling channel;
210-a first channel; 220-a first feed chamber; 230-a first delivery conduit; 310-a second channel; 320-a second feed cavity; 330-a second delivery conduit;
a-a first predetermined position; b-a second predetermined position.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are in simplified form and are not to precise scale, and are provided for convenience and clarity in order to facilitate the description of the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a high-speed laser cladding nozzle, including:
the laser channel 10 is used for transmitting laser;
a first part 20, wherein a first channel 210 is arranged in the first part 20, the first channel 210 is used for conveying a first material, and the movement track of the first material is intersected with the laser at a first preset position a;
and a second part 30, wherein a second channel 310 is arranged in the second part 30, the second channel 310 is used for conveying a second material, and the motion track of the second material is intersected with the laser at a second preset position b.
Specifically, the high-speed laser cladding nozzle is used for a synchronous laser cladding process, for example, a first material, a second material and a surface material of a workpiece to be clad are simultaneously melted by using a high-energy-density laser beam, and a cladding layer is formed after cooling and solidification. The workpiece to be clad is a workpiece such as a roller, a gear and the like, and the cladding layer is formed on the surface of the workpiece to be clad so as to improve the characteristics of wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like.
In this embodiment, the laser channel 10 is conical, and has a wide upper end and a narrow lower end, the upper end is an inlet for laser, and is generally connectable to a laser generator to receive laser, the lower end is an outlet for laser, and the running track of the laser generally coincides with the axis of the laser channel 10. The power of the laser generating device is adjustable, and different powers are selected according to different cladding materials to clad so as to obtain a controllable cladding layer. The laser channel 10 is generally filled with a shielding gas, and is mainly used for forming a protective area around a laser cladding molten pool and reducing oxidation. The shielding gas is, for example, nitrogen or argon.
As shown in fig. 3, the high-speed laser cladding nozzle includes a to-be-clad area, the to-be-clad area is located on a to-be-clad workpiece, and a distance from the first predetermined position a to the to-be-clad area is greater than a distance from the second predetermined position b to the to-be-clad area. In this embodiment, the to-be-clad area is a position where a cladding layer is formed on the surface of the to-be-clad workpiece, and since the first predetermined position a is a junction of the first material and the laser and the second predetermined position b is a junction of the second material and the laser, the first material, the second material and the laser are converged at different positions, so that effects of the laser on different materials are conveniently controlled in a distinguishing manner, interaction between the materials is avoided, and the quality of the cladding layer is improved.
In this embodiment, the first material is a first metal powder, the second material is a second metal powder, and the melting points of the first metal powder and the second metal powder are different. The first metal powder and the second metal powder are, for example, one of nickel-based, cobalt-based, and iron-based alloys. When the laser cladding operation is carried out, due to the fact that the melting points of the first metal powder and the second metal powder are different, the cladding effect can be improved by adjusting the power of laser. For example, when laser cladding is performed on a workpiece to be clad, a first material may be injected into the first portion 20, a laser is used to perform primary cladding, a second material is injected into the second portion 20, and another laser is used to perform secondary cladding, so as to obtain a reliable cladding layer.
Optionally, the first portion 20 is disposed around the laser channel 10, the second portion 30 is disposed around the first portion 20, and the first portion 20 and the second portion 30 are coaxial. In this embodiment, the first portion 20 and the laser channel 10 are connected by a screw, and the second portion 30 and the first portion 20 are also connected by a screw, but other connection manners, such as a snap connection, may also be adopted, and the present application does not limit this.
With continued reference to fig. 1 and 3, an annular first feeding cavity 220 is disposed at one end of the first channel 210, and the first feeding cavity 210 is connected to a first material supply device through a plurality of first conveying pipelines. In this embodiment, the first channel 210 has a conical shape, and the first material enters from the first feeding cavity 220 located above the first channel 210, is output from the bottom of the first channel, and meets the laser at the first predetermined position a. The first feeding cavity 220 is located between the laser channel 10 and the first portion 20, and the first feeding cavity 220 is communicated with a first material supply device through a plurality of first conveying pipelines 230 and receives the first material. Through setting up many first pipeline 230, can increase the supply of first material improves laser cladding's efficiency, makes more even of first material simultaneously, improves the quality of cladding layer. In this embodiment, the number of the first conveying pipes 230 is 3, and 3 first conveying pipes 230 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the first feeding cavity 220. Of course, the number of the first conveying paths 220 is not limited in the present application, and the distribution manner thereof is also not limited, and the first conveying paths may be uniformly distributed or non-uniformly distributed.
In this embodiment, a plurality of annular columnar members are arranged on the inner wall of the first feeding cavity 220 in a surrounding manner, and the first material enters the first feeding cavity 220 from different first conveying pipelines 230 and then collides with the columnar members, so that the first material is scattered, and the first material is more uniformly output.
Similarly, an annular second feeding chamber 320 is disposed at one end of the second channel 310, and the second feeding chamber 320 is connected to a second material supply device through a plurality of second conveying pipes 330. In this embodiment, the number of the second conveying pipes 310 is 3, and 3 second conveying pipes 310 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the second feeding cavity 320. And, a plurality of annular columns are arranged around the inner wall of the second feeding cavity 320 to break up the second material.
Optionally, an adjusting component is disposed at an end of the laser channel 10 away from the first predetermined position a, and the adjusting component can adjust a relative position of the laser channel 10 and the first portion 20.
Specifically, the adjusting assembly includes a ring member 40 and a plurality of screws 50, the ring member 40 is sleeved outside the laser channel 10, a lower surface of the ring member 40 contacts with an upper surface of the first portion 20, a plurality of first threaded holes are circumferentially formed in the ring member 40, second threaded holes are formed in positions of the first portion 20 corresponding to the first threaded holes, and the screws 50 penetrate through the first threaded holes and extend into the second threaded holes so that the ring member 40 is connected with the first portion 20. It will be appreciated that the ring 40 may be used to press and position the first portion 20 such that the first portion 20 abuts the outer wall of the laser channel 10, and that the distance between the first portion 20 and the laser channel 10 can be adjusted by rotating the screw 50, so as to adjust the coaxiality between the first portion 20 and the laser channel 10, thereby improving the focusing effect of the laser and the first material.
In this embodiment, the number of the first threaded holes is 6, and the 6 first threaded holes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the ring-shaped member 40. Of course, the number of the first threaded holes is not limited in any way, and the distribution mode of the first threaded holes is not limited in any way.
Optionally, a light reflecting plate 60 is further sleeved outside the laser channel 10, and at least a part of the light reflecting plate 60 is located between the annular member 40 and the first portion 20. After the laser irradiates on the workpiece to be clad, part of the laser can be reflected, and the reflected laser is reflected to the workpiece to be clad through the reflector 60, so that the utilization rate of the laser can be improved, and the laser can be effectively prevented from damaging the surface of a high-speed laser cladding nozzle or other parts. In this embodiment, a plurality of through holes are disposed at positions of the light reflecting plate 60 corresponding to the first threaded holes, and the screws 50 pass through the through holes to fix the light reflecting plate 60.
Optionally, the high-speed laser cladding nozzle further includes an annular water-cooling channel 70, and the water-cooling channel 70 is located in the first portion 20. The water cooling channel 70 is used for physically cooling the high-speed laser cladding nozzle during laser cladding operation, so that the cooling effect of the high-speed laser cladding nozzle is improved, the time of the laser cladding operation is prolonged, and the service life of the high-speed laser cladding nozzle can be effectively prolonged. In this embodiment, the water-cooling channel 70 is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet can be connected to a water supply device through a copper pipe, and the water outlet can be connected to a water recovery device through a copper pipe.
Based on this, this embodiment still provides a laser cladding equipment, including robot, laser generator, laser head, first material supply apparatus, second material supply apparatus and high-speed laser cladding nozzle, high-speed laser cladding nozzle set up in on the arm of robot and can follow the arm of robot removes, laser generator passes through the laser head with the laser channel intercommunication of high-speed laser cladding nozzle. The first material supply equipment is communicated with the first channel of the high-speed laser cladding nozzle and used for supplying first materials to the first channel. The second material supply device is communicated with the second channel of the high-speed laser cladding nozzle and is used for supplying a second material to the second channel.
In this embodiment, according to the laser cladding requirement of the workpiece to be clad, the high-speed laser cladding nozzle is driven by the robot to move and form a cladding layer on the surface of the workpiece to be clad. Specifically, when laser cladding operation is carried out, the laser generator transmits laser to the laser head, and then the laser enters a laser channel of the high-speed laser cladding nozzle from the laser head and is transmitted out through the laser channel; meanwhile, the first material supply device supplies first materials to the first channel, the first materials are sprayed out through the high-speed laser cladding nozzle and are intersected with the laser, and a first cladding layer is formed on the surface of the workpiece to be clad. And then, adjusting the power of the laser generator, supplying a second material to the second channel by the second material supply device, and spraying the second material out through the high-speed laser cladding nozzle to be intersected with the laser and form a final cladding layer on the surface of the workpiece to be clad. Of course, the second material may be clad first, and the first material may be clad according to the characteristics of the material and the required cladding layer, which is not limited in this application.
The robot, the laser generator, and the laser head may be configured as known to those skilled in the art, and are not particularly limited herein.
To sum up, the embodiment of the utility model provides a high-speed laser cladding nozzle, including laser passageway, first portion and second portion, the laser passageway is used for transmitting a laser, be equipped with first passageway in the first portion, first passageway is used for carrying first material, the movement track of first material with laser crosses in first preset position, be equipped with the second passageway in the second portion, the second passageway is used for carrying the second material, the movement track of second material with laser crosses in second preset position. By enabling the first material and the second material to be intersected with the laser at different positions, the effects of the laser on different materials are conveniently controlled in a distinguishing mode, meanwhile, the interaction between the materials is avoided, and the quality of a cladding layer is improved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention. Any technical personnel who belongs to the technical field, in the scope that does not deviate from the technical scheme of the utility model, to the technical scheme and the technical content that the utility model discloses expose do the change such as the equivalent replacement of any form or modification, all belong to the content that does not break away from the technical scheme of the utility model, still belong to within the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (11)
1. A high-speed laser cladding nozzle, comprising:
the laser channel is used for transmitting laser;
the first part is arranged outside the laser channel in a surrounding mode, a first channel is arranged in the first part and used for conveying a first material, and the motion track of the first material is intersected with the laser at a first preset position; and the number of the first and second groups,
the second part is arranged outside the first part in a surrounding mode, the first part and the second part are coaxial, a second channel is arranged in the second part and used for conveying a second material, and the motion track of the second material and the laser are intersected at a second preset position;
the high-speed laser cladding nozzle comprises a to-be-clad area, the to-be-clad area is positioned on a to-be-clad workpiece, and the distance from the first preset position to the to-be-clad area is larger than the distance from the second preset position to the to-be-clad area.
2. The high-speed laser cladding nozzle of claim 1, wherein an end of said laser channel remote from said first predetermined location is provided with an adjustment assembly, said adjustment assembly being capable of adjusting the relative position of said laser channel and said first portion.
3. The high-speed laser cladding nozzle according to claim 2, wherein the adjusting assembly comprises a ring member and a plurality of screws, the ring member is sleeved outside the laser channel, the lower surface of the ring member is in contact with the upper surface of the first portion, a plurality of first threaded holes are circumferentially formed in the ring member, second threaded holes are formed in the first portion at positions corresponding to the first threaded holes, and the screws penetrate through the first threaded holes and extend into the second threaded holes to connect the ring member with the first portion.
4. The high-speed laser cladding nozzle according to claim 3, wherein a reflector plate is further sleeved outside the laser channel, and the reflector plate is at least partially located between the annular member and the first portion.
5. The high-speed laser cladding nozzle of claim 1, wherein one end of said first channel is provided with an annular first feed cavity, said first feed cavity being connected to a first material supply via a plurality of first delivery conduits.
6. The high-speed laser cladding nozzle of claim 5, wherein a plurality of said first delivery conduits are distributed along a circumference of said first feed cavity.
7. The high-speed laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, wherein one end of said second channel is provided with an annular second feeding cavity, said second feeding cavity being connected to a second material supply apparatus through a plurality of second delivery pipes.
8. The high-speed laser cladding nozzle of claim 7, wherein a plurality of said second delivery conduits are distributed along a circumference of said second feed cavity.
9. The high-speed laser cladding nozzle of claim 1, further comprising an annular water-cooled channel located within said first portion.
10. The high-speed laser cladding nozzle of claim 1, wherein the first material is a first metal powder, the second material is a second metal powder, and the first metal powder and the second metal powder have different melting points.
11. A laser cladding equipment, characterized by, including robot, laser generator, laser head, first material supply apparatus, second material supply apparatus and as in any one of claims 1-10 high-speed laser cladding nozzle, high-speed laser cladding nozzle set up in on the arm of robot and can follow the arm of robot moves, laser generator pass through the laser head with the laser passageway intercommunication of high-speed laser cladding nozzle, first material supply apparatus with the first passageway intercommunication of high-speed laser cladding nozzle, second material supply apparatus with the second passageway intercommunication of high-speed laser cladding nozzle.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202020088764.1U CN212025454U (en) | 2020-01-15 | 2020-01-15 | High-speed laser cladding nozzle and laser cladding equipment |
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| CN202020088764.1U CN212025454U (en) | 2020-01-15 | 2020-01-15 | High-speed laser cladding nozzle and laser cladding equipment |
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| CN212025454U true CN212025454U (en) | 2020-11-27 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111139470A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-12 | 南京辉锐光电科技有限公司 | High-speed laser cladding nozzle and laser cladding equipment |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111139470A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-12 | 南京辉锐光电科技有限公司 | High-speed laser cladding nozzle and laser cladding equipment |
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