CN212013113U - Multi-state bright block with instrument and scanning circuit, digital code, LED screen, intelligent component and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a polymorphic bright piece takes instrument and scanning circuit, numeral, LED screen, intelligent part and electric motor car. The instrument comprises a central processing circuit, a communication and interface circuit, a power supply circuit, a display and a PCB. The display comprises an LED array, an LCD screen, or a VFD screen, and is directly soldered on the PCB. The central processing circuit comprises an LCD screen driving chip, a VFD screen driving chip, an LED driving chip or a mcu chip. The central processing circuit comprises an LED driving circuit, wherein an XY scanning circuit is included. The display content of the display is displayed in a bright block band mode, and the number of bright blocks which are lightened is increased when the value of the bright blocks is larger. The bright block bands include a horizontal line type, a vertical line type, an oblique line type, a curved line type, or a combination type. The bright block band comprises an equal width type or a gradually wide type. The curve type comprises an upward bending type, a downward bending type, a left bending type, a right bending type or an oblique bending type. Each light block includes a square, circle, or polygonal type. The display effect can be improved by combining the codes of the gradually-wide font of the gradually-wide code segment of the oblique angle type large code number.

Description

Multi-state bright block with instrument and scanning circuit, digital code, LED screen, intelligent component and electric vehicle

Technical Field

The technical field of electronics, in particular to an electric appliance of an electric vehicle.

Background

For the utility model discloses narration is convenient, uses following convention:

"charge" refers to a parameter related to the residual energy of the battery, most precisely the ampere-hour number. Roughly about the battery voltage or its ratio;

the electric vehicle refers to a vehicle powered by batteries, such as a four-wheel electric vehicle, an electric sightseeing vehicle, an electric sweeper, an electric forklift, a baby carriage, an electric bicycle, an electric moped, an electric motorcycle, an electric tricycle and the like;

"LED lamp" refers to an LED lighting device, and 1 LED lamp is 1 LED device, and is usually labeled, such as 0603, 0805, and 1206 package. Some applications may also use plug-in type devices;

"LED array" refers to a plurality of light emitting LED lights for speed, current, power, general light indication;

the "mcu chip" refers to a microprocessor, and also includes logic chips which can be used for programming, such as FPGA, CPLD, PAL, GAL, etc.;

the intelligent part refers to other intelligent parts with the mcu chip, such as a motor controller, an electric appliance adapter (such as Chinese patent CN 201920296676.8), a charger, a high-power DC/DC converter, ABS, an air bag, steering power assistance, automatic speed change, an automatic air conditioner, an automatic skylight, a BMS battery management system, a solar controller, a fuel cell stack controller and the like, which are used for sending instrument display information on the electric vehicle except for the instrument;

"LED driver chip" broadly refers to a chip that can control the switching of an LED, including a dedicated LED driver chip, or a replacement LED driver chip. The special LED driving chip comprises: AIP1818, AIP1639, AIP1616, AIP1629, AIP1820, TM1639, TM 1820. The substitute LED driving chip refers to a small-scale general chip with a latch, a register or a latch trigger function for an extended io port, mainly a TTL/CMOS general integrated chip, and comprises 74, 54 and 4000 series, such as: 54HC244, 74HC245, 54HC373, 74HC374, 54HC377, 74HC164, etc.;

the LED screen refers to a module formed by pouring an LED lamp display circuit board and a membrane plate by a professional manufacturer, and the inside of the module comprises a mcu circuit, an LED scanning driving chip, an LED scanning driving circuit, a PCB (printed circuit board) or an outer lead. In the specification of the utility model, the working principle of the LED screen directly refers to the LED array, and the description is not repeated;

the instrument is a component with the function of displaying the electric vehicle parameters at the front end of the electric vehicle, and comprises a component combined with a large lamp (referred to as a combination instrument, a headlamp assembly, a gauge head and a lamp cap in the industry) and also comprises the LED screen for displaying the electric vehicle parameters;

the P-type electronic tube refers to a PNP triode, a P-type mos tube or a PNP-type Darlington tube. The B pole refers to the G pole of the MOS tube B and the MOS tube G of the triode and the Darlington tube; the E pole refers to the E pole of the triode and the Darlington tube and the S pole of the mos tube; the C pole refers to C of the triode and the Darlington tube and D of the mos tube;

the "N-type electron tube" refers to an NPN triode, an N-type mos tube or an NPN-type Darlington tube. The B pole refers to the G pole of the MOS tube B and the MOS tube G of the triode and the Darlington tube; the E pole refers to the E pole of the triode and the Darlington tube and the S pole of the mos tube; the C pole refers to C of the triode and the Darlington tube and D of the mos tube. Traditional simple and easy electric motor car instrument panel, its content of showing is very simple, and 4 discrete LEDs represent different electric quantities respectively, and 3 LEDs represent start, headlight, undervoltage respectively in addition. There is no speed and current indication. Such a meter is known in the art as a 339 meter and is completed with a 339 opamp chip. The function is simple, and the display effect is relatively poor.

Fig. 18 shows a more advanced digital instrument panel. The multi-digit number represents speed, electric quantity and temperature, and is additionally provided with a headlamp and a left-right rotation indicator. The problems are that: the digital characters are too small and cannot be seen clearly, and the driving safety is influenced by long-time visual retention; the font is a positive square angle, and the display picture is rigid; the instrument is provided with the mcu circuit, so that the cost is high; an XY scanning circuit without multiple voltages and an LED circuit are complex.

The traditional instrument is also displayed by an LCD screen, and is basically displayed by numbers. The problem is the same as in FIG. 18.

In addition, the conventional instrument does not introduce a VFD display mode, and is not displayed by a bright block band of a power current speed.

Moreover, the instrument except the 339 meter is provided with a mcu circuit, and the circuit is complex. In addition, the digital display influences the driving safety because the strokes are thin and unsightly and the attention is dispersed.

In summary, the disadvantages of the conventional meter are: poor display effect, complex circuit, many components, poor reliability, high cost and low safety.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model discloses a polymorphic bright piece takes instrument and scanning circuit, numeral, LED screen, intelligent part and electric motor car, its purpose is exactly that it is not enough more than to improve traditional instrument.

Speed, current, voltage, temperature and the like are displayed in a bright block band mode, or codes of characters with gradually wide code segments and gradually wide characters of oblique angle type large code numbers are combined, namely multi-state bright block bands or multi-state codes, so that the display effect of the product is improved, and meanwhile, the driving safety is improved.

And the XY scanning circuit with multiple voltages is utilized to simplify the circuit, and the current-limiting resistor is saved. The cancel of the mcu circuit and the cancel of the LED drive special chip circuit are directly controlled by the peripheral intelligent component. Or TTL/CMOS small-scale chips are adopted to control the LED to emit light. Thereby greatly improving the reliability of the circuit and reducing the cost.

Multi-state bright block band instrument

The instrument comprises a central processing circuit, a communication and interface circuit, a power supply circuit, a display and a PCB.

The display is divided into an LED array, an LCD screen and a VFD screen, and is directly welded on the PCB.

When the LED array is selected, the central processing circuit comprises an LED driving circuit; the LED array is connected with the central processing circuit through the LED driving circuit.

The central processing circuit is connected with the communication and interface circuit and the power supply circuit.

The central processing circuit is connected with the LCD screen, the VFD screen, the LED array or the LED driving circuit.

The central processing circuit, the communication and interface circuit, the power supply circuit and the display are directly welded on the PCB.

The power circuit supplies power to the meter. The method comprises the step of providing required power for an LCD screen driving chip, a VFD screen driving chip, a mcu chip, an LED driving chip or the like. Backlight power for LCD screens, or filament grid anode power for VFD screens, is also provided. Here, a power chip, or a DC/DC conversion circuit needs to be applied.

The communication and interface circuit is divided into communication type and interface type.

The interface class is collected and converted by the meter itself for display data of the display. The instrument is relatively independent, an MCU circuit and a sampling circuit are required to be arranged, and all contents to be displayed are completely solved by the instrument, such as electric quantity, speed, current, faults, steering and the like. The instrument has higher cost, but works independently without depending on other electric appliance parts. The instruments have no communication interface to the outside, so the instruments cannot form a bus control system on the electric vehicle.

The communication and interface circuit of the interface type comprises various combinations of a storage battery power supply positive line, a ground wire, a speed line (motor phase line), a left-turn line, a right-turn line, a far and near light line, a three-gear line, a fault line, a current line and the like. According to the requirements of customers, what functions need to be displayed, and corresponding leads are available. The speed line is basically led from the phase line of the motor and is only available when the speed or the mileage needs to be displayed. The fault line is only available when the fault needs to be displayed, such as rotating handle fault, motor fault, brake fault and the like. The undervoltage fault does not require external leads, which the meter itself can collect and distinguish. The current line refers to a current signal lead consumed by a power line of the storage battery, is related to the output power of the storage battery, and can be output after being amplified by a sampling resistor of a motor controller or directly obtained by externally hanging a current sensor on the power line.

The communication type aims at the display data of the display and is transmitted by other intelligent components through a communication line according to a convention communication protocol. The instrument has flexible functions and lower cost. The instrument can be applied to a bus control system on the electric vehicle and can be used as a component in the bus control system of the electric vehicle.

The communication and interface circuit of the communication type comprises a power supply positive line, a ground wire and a communication line. The number of communication lines is related to the communication mode. The speed of parallel communication is fast but the number of leads is large, and the reverse is true for serial communication. Half duplex serial communication, i.e. one wire, is preferred, with a minimum of wires, only 1 wire being required. For an instrument without the mcu circuit, other intelligent components are directly communicated with the LCD screen driving chip, the VFD screen driving chip or the LED driving chip. The communication lines include chip select lines, clock lines, data lines, read or write enable lines, etc. of these chips.

The central processing circuit comprises an LCD screen driving chip, a VFD screen driving chip, an LED driving chip or a mcu chip. The display selects the related driving chips, such as an LCD screen selecting HT1621 chip, a VFD screen selecting PT6311 chip, and an LED array selecting mcu or LED driving chip. The LCD screen driving chip, the VFD screen driving chip, the mcu chip or the LED driving chip are not all used in one instrument.

The LCD screen driving chip drives the LCD screen, the VFD screen driving chip drives the VFD screen, and the mcu chip or the LED driving chip drives the LED array.

The display content of the display comprises various combinations of speed, current, electric quantity, temperature, general prompts and the like. Wherein the current refers to the discharge current of the storage battery, and the temperature refers to the ambient temperature or the internal temperature of the intelligent component. The general prompt comprises various combinations of left turning, right turning, backing, far light, near light, driving (gift light or starting), three-gear, undervoltage, over-temperature, motor fault, brake fault and the like.

The display content of the display is displayed in a bright block band mode, and the bright blocks are lightened more frequently when the value of the display content is larger. Compared with the traditional mode, the mode is more visual, more vivid and more beautiful, and has stronger dynamic feeling and stronger atmosphere. This is the most prominent bright spot of the utility model. The general prompts are not displayed in a bright block band manner.

The bright block band mode is formed by stringing 4 to 64 LED bright blocks, LCD bright blocks or VFD bright blocks into a band shape in a chain mode. The bright block is a basic unit of a display parameter. The more bright blocks, the more accurate the parameter display.

For an LED array, the bright block bands are revealed through corresponding holes in the display panel of the meter. The LCD and VFD light blocks are directly marked on the screen and are customized by professional manufacturers of LCD screens and VFD screens. The LED screen is displayed by the corresponding hole of the mask.

Each LED bright block at least comprises 1 LED lamp. The LCD and VFD bright blocks are directly arranged on the screen, and the bright blocks are formed by a plurality of areas of continuous bright spots.

The central processing circuit is divided into a type with a mcu circuit and a type without the mcu circuit.

Aiming at the type with the mcu circuit, the central processing circuit comprises the mcu circuit, and the mcu circuit comprises an mcu chip. The mcu chip is connected with the LCD screen driving chip, the VFD screen driving chip, the LED driving circuit or the LED driving chip. The data required to be displayed by the instrument is directly collected by the mcu, or is transmitted from the communication and interface circuit through a communication line according to an agreed communication protocol by an intelligent component, and 2 data sources are provided. When the instrument is in a communication mode, the instrument can be incorporated into a bus control system of the electric vehicle. The mcu circuit controls the LCD screen driving chip, the VFD screen driving chip, the LED driving circuit or the LED driving chip to complete the driving of the display. This mode the meter is costly.

And aiming at the circuit type without the mcu, the central processing circuit does not have an mcu chip, and the data required to be displayed by the instrument is transmitted from the communication and interface circuit through a communication line according to a convention communication protocol by an intelligent component. And the mcu circuit of the intelligent component controls the LCD screen driving chip, the VFD screen driving chip or the LED driving chip to drive the display. This mode the meter is less costly. The meter acts as a peripheral module for the intelligent component. The communication interface and the communication protocol are completely executed according to the use specification datasheet convention of the LCD screen driving chip, the VFD screen driving chip or the LED driving chip. Such meters do not work independently and must be coordinated with other intelligent components, which may require involvement of different manufacturers, such as a meter factory and an intelligent component manufacturing plant.

For a complex LED array, the LED driving circuit includes an XY scanning circuit for driving the LED lamp. The XY scanning circuit comprises m X transverse signals and n Y vertical signals and can control independent display of m X n LED lamps. For simple LED display, the display is directly completed by the mcu chip or the LED driving chip, and the XY scanning circuit is just the line passing.

The color of the bright block band is divided into monochrome and color. The colors include red, yellow, blue, green, or white, which are the colors commonly used in current LED lamps. But the colors of the VFD screen and the common LCD screen are different, and the VFD screen and the common LCD screen can be flexibly processed when being customized by an instrument development engineer. The color of the light block strip is mainly determined according to the overall display effect.

The colors adopted by the same bright block band are same color and different color. The bright block bands are made of the same color, the circuit and the process are simple, and if the whole bright block band is made of green. The instrument has better display effect by 'different colors', such as: for the speed bright block belt, the safety is represented by starting with green bright blocks at low speed, and the danger is warned with red bright blocks at high speed; for the current bright block band, the small current represents safety by green bright block starting, and the large current warns danger by red bright block; for the electric quantity bright block belt, the full power indicates that the continuous travel is long in the starting process of the green bright block, and the low power indicates that the attention is insufficient by the red bright block. The middle part is transited by yellow and blue colors, and the color effect of the instrument is improved.

The colors adopted by different bright blocks are divided into same color and different color. The same color, such as the speed current electric bright block band, is totally green, and the different color, such as the speed current electric bright block band, is respectively green, blue and red.

The bright block with the side line is set to be a no side line, a peripheral line and a single stay wire. As shown in FIG. 1: horizontal borderless tile layout. As shown in fig. 4: and (5) arranging the vertical peripheral line light blocks. As shown in fig. 10: a bright block belt of a fancy F single stay wire.

The light block represents a value as a unit.

For an array of LEDs, the values are printed in or beside the corresponding light patch of the instrument panel or mask. Is made by mask or panel professional manufacturers.

For an LCD screen or a VFD screen, the value is indicated at the adjacent position of the bright block in the LCD screen or VFD screen. Customized by LCD screen and VFD screen professional manufacturers.

The bright block band is divided into a horizontal line type, a vertical line type, an oblique line type, a curve type or a combination type. As shown in FIG. 1: a transverse line type. As shown in fig. 4: vertical type. As shown in fig. 10: and (4) curve type. As shown in fig. 8: the combination type, V and A are curve type, and B is vertical type.

The combination type is formed by mixing two or more than two of a transverse line type, a vertical line type, an oblique line type or a curve type, such as a vertical line and a curve, and a transverse line and an oblique line and a curve.

The curve type is divided into an upward bending type, a downward bending type, a left bending type, a right bending type and an oblique bending type. As shown in fig. 5: and (4) upward bending. As shown in fig. 9: and (4) downward bending. As shown in fig. 7: the left side is a left bending type. As shown in fig. 7: the right side is a right-bending type. As shown in fig. 6: and (4) oblique bending.

The shape of the LED bright block band is completed by the instrument panel or mask professional manufacturer in a matched mode, and the position of the LED lamp is completed by the instrument development engineer in the layout of the PCB.

The shapes of the LCD or VFD bright block bands are distributed in the screen by LCD screen or VFD screen professional manufacturers.

The bright block belt is composed of 4-64 bright blocks, and the bright blocks are square, circular, oblique edge type and polygonal. As shown in fig. 3: and (5) square bright blocks. As shown in fig. 6: g5 is a circular light block. As shown in fig. 6: bk is a sloping bright block. As shown in fig. 6: rf is a polygonal bright block.

The bright block band is divided into equal-width type and gradually-wide type. Compared with the prior art, the gradually widening type has better effect.

The equal width type means that the width of the bright block band is not changed as the display numerical value increases. As shown in fig. 9: v is of equal width type.

The gradually widening type means that the area of the bright block is gradually increased along with the increase of the display numerical value, so that the change of parameters is more visually, vividly and beautifully shown. As shown in fig. 5: v is a gradually widening type.

For the gradually widening type LED bright block band, the number of corresponding bright block LED lamps is gradually increased along with the increase of the area of the bright block so as to maintain or improve the light brightness of the bright block, particularly the tail end bright block. The added LED lamps are preferably in parallel. As V1 of FIG. 7 is small in area, only 1 LED lamp is used; vi area is big, can use 3 LED lamps. The circuit diagram is shown in the first row of FIG. 13, Y0 is 1 LED, Y7 is 3 LEDs, and the number of the middle LEDs is gradually transited. The added LED lamps can also be connected in series, but the power supply voltage of the bright block is increased.

The shape of the LED bright block band is completed by matching the instrument panel or the mask.

The shape of the LCD or VFD light block strip is customized in the screen by LCD screen or VFD screen professional manufacturers.

Scanning circuit

At present, the LED lamp has 5 colors of red, yellow, blue, green and white, but the LED of each color has different working rated voltages, yellow 1.8-2.0V, red 2.0-2.2V, green 3.0-3.2V, blue and white 3.3-3.4V. If the same driving voltage is used, different resistors need to be connected in series.

If the same supply voltage and the same port control voltage are used, a current limiting resistor must be connected in series. As shown in fig. 14 and 15. The LED driving circuit can work, but is more costly.

At this time, if the current limiting resistor is eliminated and the same voltage port is used for control, the LED or the control chip may be burned out, or the brightness may be insufficient. Because the blue LED is not bright enough, e.g. at the voltage of the yellow LED; for example, at a blue LED voltage, a yellow LED may burn out over-current, or Y0.. Y7 associated control chip may burn out over-current.

The traditional LED control is as follows: fig. 14 is a circuit diagram of a conventional series-resistance LED low-side driver, and fig. 15 is a circuit diagram of a conventional series-resistance LED high-side driver. With 1 control signal for each LED. However, the pins of the control chip are limited, so the number of applications of the LED is limited. And each LED needs a separate current limiting resistor, which increases cost and power consumption.

The scanning circuit was later used to control the LEDs as in the conventional XY scanning circuit of fig. 24. This greatly reduces the number of control signals. The working principle is XY scanning time-sharing lighting. But this is limited by the drive current of the XY signal. The driving current of a common mcu and cmos chip is 25mA, and if 16-level scanning time division is lighted, the current of each LED is 1.6mA, so that the LED can not reach enough brightness. The current of the dedicated LED driver chip is somewhat larger, but also limited. In addition, for different colors, each LED needs to be connected with a current limiting resistor in series.

Later, the output of the LED driving chip has a current limiting function, and a current limiting resistor can be eliminated. However, because the current limiting value is fixed, the brightness of the whole LED array fluctuates and is unstable. Since 16 LEDs are driven by 1Y signal, the total current is limited to 80mA, but 16 LEDs need to be lighted in scan point 1, and 1 LED needs to be lighted in scan point 2, obviously, the brightness of 1 LED is definitely different from that of the front 16 LEDs.

The utility model discloses a scanning circuit is exactly to overcome above-mentioned LED driven defect. The purpose of the invention is as follows: expanding the number of LED arrays and maintaining sufficient brightness, or higher brightness; the brightness of each LED with the same color is consistent and stable; canceling a current-limiting resistor of an LED loop; the common mcu chip and the substitute LED driving chip can be used, and particularly, the TTL/CMOS general integrated chip can control a large-scale LED array and is not limited by the current and the number of driving signals of the special LED driving chip.

The scanning circuit structure of the utility model is shown in figure 22: x1., Xm is m X transverse signals, Y1., Yn is n X vertical signals, and V1. The figure shows a triode, which actually represents a triode, a Darlington tube and a mos tube, and the electron tube is a general name of the 3 devices. The above electron tubes corresponding to the X-ray transverse signals are referred to as top tubes, and generally P-type electron tubes or N-type electron tubes may be used. The lower electron tube corresponding to the Y vertical signal is referred to as the lower tube, and is typically an N-type electron tube. The upper tube in the figure shows a P-type tube, and the N-type tube may be selected according to the switching level of the X-lateral signal. The range of m and n, 4..128, k, varies depending on the kind of LED color.

The scanning circuit comprises an X transverse signal, an upper tube, an LED lamp, a Y vertical signal and a lower tube.

And the X transverse signal is respectively connected with the B pole of the upper tube through a resistor or directly. The triode and the Darlington tube need resistors, and the mos tube does not need resistors and is directly connected.

The anode of the LED lamp is connected to the C pole of the upper tube in a centralized way, and the E pole of the upper tube is connected with a rated power supply respectively.

If the upper tube is an N-type tube, the anodes of the LED lamps are connected to the E poles of the upper tubes in a concentrated manner, and the C poles of the upper tubes are respectively connected with a rated power supply.

And the Y vertical signal is respectively connected with the B pole of the lower tube through a resistor or directly. The triode and the Darlington tube need resistors, and the mos tube does not need resistors and is directly connected.

Cathodes of the LED lamps are respectively connected to C poles of the lower tubes. And E poles of the lower tubes are respectively grounded.

If the upper tube uses the P-type electronic tube and uses the N-type electronic tube, when the X transverse signal is 0 level and the Y vertical signal is 1 level, the related LED lamp is lighted; if the upper tube and the lower tube are all made of N-type electronic tubes, the related LED lamp is lightened when the X transverse signal is at 1 level and the Y vertical signal is also at 1 level.

The m X transverse signals and the n Y vertical signals can control the product m X n LED lamps.

Because there is drive current control range on a large scale of top tube, low tube, m and n can greatly increased, control LED's quantity can greatly increased. And the X horizontal signal and the Y vertical signal are low current, so that a common mcu and TTL/CMOS general chip can be driven, the circuit design flexibility of the LED array is higher, and the LED array is not limited to a special LED driving chip.

Further, the rated power supply comprises power supplies of different voltage levels for different colors of LED lamps. And the E pole or the C pole of the upper tube is respectively connected with the power supplies with different voltage levels, which depends on whether a P-type or N-type tube is selected.

As shown in fig. 22, each of the X-lateral signal controlled LEDs selects the same color and determines the corresponding power supply voltage. If the first row X1 is set as red LEDs, the power supply V1 is 2.0V; the second row X2 is configured as blue LEDs, and the power source V2 is selected to be 3.4V. This eliminates the need for a current limiting resistor, and ensures that the brightness of the same color LED is identical regardless of how many LEDs are lit during X1 and X2 scanning. Neither 1 lighting nor 16 lighting affects its brightness. Moreover, the LED lamps are flexible when being distributed on the PCB, can be placed at any position, and the items which are expected to be displayed are completely determined by software. Therefore, the same bright block band or the same digital code can be selected with different colors, and the stability of the brightness is not affected. In the application shown in fig. 23, 8 by 8=64 current limiting resistors may be omitted. The power supplies with different voltage levels can be obtained by using special power supply chips such as LDO (low dropout regulator), 78L0x and the like and voltage division regulating resistors thereof. Or a power supply chip or a power supply circuit with higher power is selected.

And for the situation that the X transverse signals are few and the output current of the Y vertical signals is large, the Y vertical signals are respectively and directly connected with the cathodes of the LED lamps, and the lower tube can be eliminated. This is the case for applications where the brightness requirements are not high. If the P-type electronic tube is used as the upper tube, the related LED lamp is lightened when the X transverse signal is 0 level and the Y vertical signal is also 0 level. This is one of the application specific examples, as shown in fig. 23. 8X 8 XY signals control 64 LED lamps, and Y vertical signals come from special LED driving chips. Generally, the output current (source current) of the LED driving chip is small, and the sink current (sink current) is relatively large, so that the LED driving chip can be used just.

Digital code

A single number can display 10 numbers of 0,1,. 9, is a digital display mode seen by people in daily life, is generally realized by LEDs and LCDs, and is rarely displayed by a VFD.

Each code is composed of a total of 7 code segments, denoted ABCDEFG, see fig. 16.

The utility model discloses it is exactly to realize the gradually wide typeface of the gradually wide code segment of the big code number of an oblique angle, polymorphic digital promptly, promotes the display effect. The display effect of the electric vehicle instrument can be further improved by combining a multi-state bright block band mode. The specific technical points are as follows.

The digital code applies the bright block characteristics or application circuits of the multi-state bright block with the instrument, wherein the bright block characteristics or application circuits comprise the central processing circuit, the communication and interface circuit, the power supply circuit and the PCB. Or the XY scanning circuit described above is used. The purpose is to save the cost of digital circuits and increase the reliability at the same time. The multi-voltage XY scanning circuit is aimed at LED type digital code, and the LCD and VFD have no such circuit.

The code segment of the digital code is divided into equal width type and gradually wide type. The conventional numbers are of equal width, see fig. 18.

The code segment of the digital code is in a linear type or an oblique bending type. The conventional numbers are straight, see fig. 18.

The font height or width of the digital code is gradually wide. The conventional numbers are of equal width, see fig. 18.

At least 1 angle of the font of the digital code is an oblique angle, and the inclination is 6-65 degrees. The traditional numerical code is approximately a right angle, and the inclination is generally less than 5 degrees. The slope refers to the angle value from directly above.

The fonts of the digital codes are distributed in large code numbers, and the height and width of each digital code are in a range of 1 × 0.8cm to 32 × 29 cm. This is bigger than traditional, and the degree of discernment is high, conveniently sees the display value come. Or may be visible from a great distance.

The digital display device is divided into LED, LCD or VFD. There are 3 fields of application, the number not only for LEDs.

The color of the digital code is divided into monochrome or color. Preferably, the utility model discloses choose the colour for use, including red, yellow, green, blue, white.

For a large number of LED codes, there are 2 to 19 LED lamps in all or a part of the code segments of the code to increase the brightness. The LCD and VFD do not have the problem, and the LED digital code with small code number is not used.

LED screen

The LED screen is an independent module formed by casting the PCB and related components by applying the bright block characteristics or the application circuit of the multi-state bright block with the instrument, or by adopting the XY scanning circuit or by applying the digital codes. The circuit principle comprises the central processing circuit, the communication and interface circuit, the power circuit and the PCB. The related components comprise a template, a back plate and a face film.

The LED screen is an independent module formed by pouring an LED lamp display circuit board and a diaphragm plate into a special factory, and the LED screen is just like a super-large multi-connected nixie tube. The inside of the PCB comprises a mcu circuit, an LED driving chip, an LED driving circuit (comprising the XY scanning circuit), a PCB or an external lead. If the display device is applied to displaying relevant information of the electric vehicle, the display device is a meter core of an electric vehicle meter, and the outer plastic shell is a finished meter product.

Use the utility model discloses a polymorphic bright piece area or numeral, or after having applied XY scanning circuit, a large amount of current-limiting resistance can cancel, the LED screen can obviously improve display effect and reduce cost.

Furthermore, original LED screen must have the mcu circuit, uses the utility model discloses afterwards the mcu circuit can cancel, further reduce cost. At this time, other intelligent components on the vehicle directly control the LED driving chip of the LED screen, even directly control the TTL/CMOS general chip, and directly exchange data according to the communication protocol (datasheet agreed read-write interface) of the LED driving chip.

Intelligent component

The intelligent component comprises a communication circuit, and exchanges data to be displayed with the multi-state bright block with an instrument or the LED screen according to an appointed communication protocol.

Electric vehicle

The electric vehicle is provided with the multi-state bright block with instrument, the scanning circuit, the digital code, the LED screen or the intelligent component.

The utility model discloses an effect, compare with traditional instrument, there are following benefits:

1) the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the instrument panel has attractive and unique display effect by applying the multi-color multi-state bright blocks and bright block band display speed, current, electric quantity, temperature and the like, particularly the bright block band mode with gradually widened color curve;

2) the method is visual and clear: how large the value is corresponds to how many bright blocks are lightened, and also corresponds to many bright blocks with large area, so that 'double correspondence' is formed, and the display effect is visual and clear;

3) dynamic effect: in the running process, the corresponding bright blocks can be flashed timely along with the change of speed and current, and the display effect is dynamic;

4) safety: in the driving diagram of the electric vehicle, the displayed values of the related parameters of the electric vehicle can be seen through the slide holes, and then the visual field quickly returns to the road condition, so that the driving safety is ensured. Unlike the traditional small bright spots or small digital display, the pen strokes are too thin to be distinguished, and the numerical value can be seen only after staring at one day, thereby affecting the driving safety. The utility model discloses a bright area of piece all can be big than traditional numeral, and whole bright area of piece area is bigger, and the target is more obvious certainly. The driver with poor eyesight can clearly see the display of the instrument panel, so that the visual field can quickly return to the road condition, and the safe driving is further improved;

5) no mcu circuit: the utility model discloses an instrument can be without the mcu chip and relevant electron device to reduce the cost, the reliability stability of synchronous increase circuit. The fewer the components the more reliable;

6) multiple voltage scanning circuit: the instrument of the utility model uses the XY scanning circuit with multiple voltages, thus avoiding the need of current-limiting resistance and LED driving special chip, saving SMT processing cost and reducing PCB area, thereby reducing more cost;

7) TTL/CMOS chip: the utility model discloses a general small-scale integrated chip control XY scanning circuit of TTL CMOS can be used to the instrument and LED array is luminous, can also not use the mcu chip. Because such TTL/CMOS chips are very low priced. This again further reduces costs.

8) VFD instrument: at present, a VFD is not used for a precedent of an electric vehicle instrument, and is particularly used for displaying the speed, the current and the electric quantity of the electric vehicle. The utility model discloses the display effect and customer's lectotype scope of electric motor car instrument have been improved again. This is again an innovation point;

9) reliability: because the utility model discloses a mcu chip and relevant electron device have been saved to the instrument, have still saved a large amount of current-limiting resistance, have still saved the special chip of LED drive. The number of components is greatly reduced, so that the fault rate of a circuit board is reduced, and the reliability of the instrument is improved;

10) special-shaped digital code: the application of the codes of the gradually-wide character of the gradually-wide code segment of the oblique-angle-type large code number is combined with the bright block band display mode, and the display effect is improved again. See fig. 17.

Drawings

FIG. 1: horizontal borderless light block layout;

FIG. 2: the vertical borderless light block layout;

FIG. 3: horizontal peripheral line bright block layout;

FIG. 4: arranging the vertical peripheral line light blocks;

FIG. 5: arranging fancy A bright blocks;

FIG. 6: the fancy B bright block layout;

FIG. 7: arranging fancy C bright blocks;

FIG. 8: arranging fancy D bright blocks;

FIG. 9: the fancy E bright blocks are transversely arranged;

FIG. 10: a bright block belt of a fancy F single stay wire;

FIG. 11: transversely arranging fancy G bright blocks;

FIG. 12: a single-tube multiple-voltage XY scanning circuit diagram;

FIG. 13: a multi-tube multi-voltage XY scanning circuit diagram;

FIG. 14: a traditional series resistance LED low-end driving circuit diagram;

FIG. 15: a traditional series resistance LED high-end driving circuit diagram;

FIG. 16: the utility model relates to a bevel gradually-wide code segment gradually-wide font number;

FIG. 17: the utility model relates to an instrument panel in the form of a combination of a gradually-wide bright block belt and a gradually-wide bevel digital combination;

FIG. 18: a conventional digital instrument panel;

FIG. 19: the utility model discloses the instrument structure diagram;

FIG. 20: an LCD screen circuit diagram;

FIG. 21: a VFD screen circuit diagram;

FIG. 22: the utility model discloses XY scanning circuit structure;

FIG. 23: the utility model discloses the XY scanning circuit is simplified and applied;

FIG. 24: a conventional XY scan circuit.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail below.

Multi-state bright block band instrument

Fig. 19 is a diagram of the instrument structure of the present invention.

The instrument comprises a central processing circuit 1, a communication and interface circuit 3, a power supply circuit 4, a display 2 and a PCB board 10.

The display 2 comprises an LED array 6, an LCD screen 7, or a VFD screen 8 and is soldered directly to a PCB board 10. The display 2 of each meter selects only one of these 3 types.

When the LED array 6 is selected, the central processing circuit 1 includes an LED driving circuit 9. The LED array 6 is connected with an LED driving chip or a mcu chip through an LED driving circuit 9.

The central processing circuit 1 is connected to a communication and interface circuit 3 and a power supply circuit 4.

The central processing circuit 1 is connected to an LCD screen 7, a VFD screen 8, or an LED array 6.

In the central processing circuit 1, if the number of LEDs in the LED array 6 is small, the LED driving chip or the mcu chip directly drives the LEDs, and at this time, the LED driving circuit 9 is equivalent to a plurality of wires.

For the control of LED array 6, preferably, to there being the central processing circuit 1 of mcu circuit type, the utility model discloses a mcu circuit control direct control LED drive circuit 9 accomplishes the demonstration of LED array 6 with the help of its multiple voltage XY scanning circuit. And the peripheral intelligent component is communicated with the mcu circuit to realize LED control. The drive circuit is shown in fig. 12, 13, 22 and 23. The 12 output pins can control the display of the 32 LED lamps. The technical point here is to save the cost of the chip special for driving the LED.

To the control of LED array 6, preferred again, to no mcu circuit type central processing circuit 1, the utility model discloses choose for use small-scale TTL/CMOS general integrated chip 74HC374 or 74HC164 direct control LED drive circuit 9, with the help of its multiple voltage XY scanning circuit, accomplish the demonstration of LED array 6. And the peripheral intelligent part communicates with the 74HC374 or 74HC164 small-scale TTL/CMOS general integrated chip to realize LED control. The register 74HC374 is applied as a parallel expansion output port, the response speed is high, and the interfaces are complex and lead wires are more; the register 74HC164 is applied as a serial expansion output port, and the 74HC164 can be cascaded and cascaded by only 1 input port, so that the interface circuit of the chip has fewer simple leads and slower response speed. 1 piece of 74HC374 or 74HC164 can output 8 control pins, 2 pieces of output 16 control pins, and 2 pieces of chip of LED digital display of a common instrument can be realized by virtue of an XY scanning circuit. The intelligent component directly controls 74HC374 or 74HC164, and the display of the LED array can be realized by the LED drive circuit 9. The drive circuit is shown in fig. 12, 13, 22 and 23. The output pins of 2 pieces of 74HC374 or 74HC164 can control the display of 8 by 8 LED lamps. The interface circuit and the communication control of the 74HC374 or 74HC164 are shown in a related datasheet application manual. The technical point here is to save the cost of the chip special for driving the LED.

Of course, in the central processing circuit 1, LED driving dedicated chips, such as AIP1818, AIP1639, AIP1616, AIP1629, TM1639, TM1820, etc., may be used to directly control the LED array 6 or directly control the LED array 6. And the peripheral intelligent component can directly control the LED driving special chip without using the mcu chip.

The central processing circuit 1, the communication and interface circuit 3, the power circuit 4 and the display 2 are directly welded on the PCB 10.

The power circuit 10 supplies power to the instrument and comprises a power supply required by an LCD screen driving chip, a VFD screen driving chip, a mcu chip or an LED driving chip, a backlight power supply of an LCD screen or a filament grid anode power supply of the VFD screen. Here implemented as a power chip, or a DC/DC conversion circuit.

For the LCD, VFD, the central processing circuit 1 can adopt two modes of no-mcu circuit and with-mcu circuit. The utility model discloses preferred no mcu circuit type.

The mcu-type central processing circuit 1 includes an mcu chip and peripheral circuits thereof, and is a control center of the instrument. The mcu is an intelligent chip, has strong processing capacity and is responsible for the management of the whole instrument, including signal acquisition, ADC conversion, display driving of LCD/LED/VFD, communication and the like. Mcu the main technical parameters considered for the type selection are: the operating speed, the temperature range, the quantity of GPIOs, the FLASH size, the RAM size, the mode of the external communication port and other parameters are considered. At present, a plurality of single-chip microcomputers in the market can meet the requirement, and for example, the single-chip microcomputers can be used in a plurality of brand technologies of manufacturers such as Microchip, freescale, ST, infineon, cypress and the like.

The central processing circuit 1 may include an LCD panel driving chip, and the circuit is connected to fig. 20 to control the LCD panel 7. The control program is referred to the related chip datasheet application manual.

The central processing circuit 1 may include a VFD panel driving chip, and the circuit is connected to fig. 21 to control the VFD panel 8. The control program is referred to the related chip datasheet application manual.

The communication type communication and interface circuit 3 comprises a power supply positive line, a ground line and a communication line. Besides the power supply provided by the positive wire, the instrument can also directly collect the power supply voltage as an electric quantity parameter. Therefore, the electric quantity of the instrument can be transmitted from other intelligent parts in a communication way and can be acquired in an AD way.

The selectable communication modes are as follows: uart, lin, can, i2c, 485, gpio analog communication and the like, and other communication modes are high in cost and are generally rarely used. The method is characterized in that uart, i2c and gpio analog communication are generally selected from low-end products such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric tricycles; 485, lin and can communication is generally selected in high-end product applications such as electric automobiles, electric patrol cars, electric sightseeing cars, electric fire engines and the like. The specific circuit varies depending on the communication mode.

uart, i2c and gpio analog communication ports are directly connected. The bus communication is divided into master and slave, and a pull-up resistor is needed on a module communication line of the general master communication. The utility model discloses in recommend to use the instrument to be the primary module (master), other intelligent parts are slave module (slave). Under the condition, the communication and interface circuit 3 has no any component, and the communication port pin of the mcu is directly connected out.

In Lin, i2c, 485 communication mode, the communication type communication and interface circuit 3 needs to be additionally provided with a communication driving chip or a driving circuit. The chips have various models and can be found on professional websites. In this case, the communication-type communication and interface circuit 3 needs to be designed with these communication driver chips or driver circuits. The specific circuit is the data sheet of the use data of the relevant chip. Some mcu chips are integrated with the driving chip of the communication mode, and the communication function circuit 3 does not need to be added with any component.

The communication protocol of peripheral intelligent components of the instrument without the mcu type is directly executed according to the convention of an application manual of an LCD screen driving chip, a VFD screen driving chip or an LED driving chip. The utility model discloses the preferred no mcu type. The LED driving circuit 9 includes an XY scanning circuit, see fig. 12, a single-tube multiple-voltage XY scanning circuit diagram.

4X transverse signals X0, X1, X2 and X3, and 8Y vertical signals P0, P1, P7. A total of 4 x 8=32 LEDs were controlled.

The number of the LEDs is equal, so that the LED array is suitable for equal-width bright block bands.

The LED driving circuit 9 includes an XY scanning circuit, see fig. 13, a multi-tube multi-voltage XY scanning circuit diagram.

Due to the use of multiple power supply voltage levels V1, V2, V3 and V4, 32 current-limiting resistors are saved.

4X transverse signals X0, X1, X2 and X3, and 8Y vertical signals P0, P1, P7. A total of 4 x 8=32 LEDs were controlled.

The number of the LEDs is gradually increased, so that the LED array is suitable for gradually widening bright block bands. The following focuses on the light block band and its light block arrangement. In order to reduce repetitive description, V in a light block band meter in the drawings of the specification represents a speed light block band, a represents a current light block band, B represents an electric quantity light block band, and G represents a general indication (a running indication or a failure indication).

In the drawings of the specification, ". in a light block band" indicates a middle light block arrangement transition. ".," indicates that the number of tiles of the tile strip is between 4-64. The number of tiles shown in the figure is only an example, and the specific number of tiles of the final product is determined according to the functional requirements of the client.

In the drawings of the specification, Vi, Aj and Bk respectively represent the number of bright blocks: the speed bright blocks are i, the current bright blocks are j, and the electric bright blocks are k. The values of i, j, k are between 4 and 64, and the values of 3 of them may be the same or different.

G is general indication, including driving indication or fault indication, such as: left turn, right turn, start, night lights, high beam, dipped headlight, three-gear, undervoltage, brake failure, handle rotation failure, motor failure, controller failure, etc. The number of G generic indicators for a particular product is customized by the customer. G general indication bright blocks are not arranged according to the bright block band and are processed according to the traditional method.

The instrument, with the digital demonstration of the gradually wide typeface of the gradually wide code segment of bright block area or the big code number of oblique angle type, can more directly perceived image beautifully show the change of electric quantity, electric current, or speed. The drawings in the following description show only a part of the arrangement of the light blocks. There are also many arrangements according to this principle.

FIG. 1: horizontal borderless tile layout, fig. 2: and (3) arranging the vertical borderless light blocks. This is the simplest light block band diagram. Each square represents 1 light block.

FIG. 3: horizontal peripheral line tile layout, fig. 4: and (5) arranging the vertical peripheral line light blocks. And is also the simplest light block band diagram. The LED screen or the LED array is completed by using a plurality of LED lamps and an instrument display panel on the PCB. The LCD screen or the VFD screen is completed in its relevant area.

FIG. 5: the fancy A light block layout is a combined layout.

Lf is left turn blinker indication, Rf is right turn blinker indication, G1., Gm is general indication.

B is an electric quantity bright block band which is arranged in a vertical equal width mode.

V is a speed bright block belt and is arranged according to the gradually-wide upward-bending type.

V1..3 light blocks in green, V4..5 light blocks in blue, V6..7 light blocks in yellow, V8..9 light blocks in red. Are examples where the same light patch strip is arranged in different colors.

V1..6 with 1 LED, V7..8 with 2 LEDs, V9 with 3 LEDs.

The LCD screen and the VFD screen are arranged like the above.

FIG. 6: the fancy B light block layout is a downward-inclined gradually-wide layout.

G is as indicated above.

G5 is power-on indication, and the color is white by using a circular bright block.

V, A and B are scattered from the starting lamp and are all used for gradually widening the bright block band by bending downwards.

The number arrangement of the LED lamps refers to V of fig. 5.

V light blocks in green, a light blocks in blue, and B light blocks in red. The same bright block has the same color, and different bright blocks have different color arrangements.

The LCD screen and the VFD screen are arranged like the above.

FIG. 7: and (4) arranging fancy C bright blocks. Is a layout with left bending and right bending and gradually widening.

G is as indicated above.

G7 is a power-on indication, and is a circular or crescent bright block, and the color is selected to be white.

V, A and B are scattered from the starting lamp and are respectively bent left and right to form a gradually-widened bright block band.

The number arrangement of the LED lamps refers to V of fig. 5. The larger the area of the bright block, the larger the number of LEDs of the bright block.

V light block is white, a light block is blue, and B light block is green. The same bright block has the same color, and different bright blocks have different color arrangements.

The LCD screen and the VFD screen are arranged like the above.

FIG. 8: the fancy D bright block layout is a bright block belt schematic diagram.

V, A are symmetrically arranged according to the upward bent bright block band and B is symmetrically arranged according to the vertical bright block band.

FIG. 9: the fancy E bright block transverse layout is a bright block belt schematic diagram.

V is arranged symmetrically according to the bent bright block band and B is arranged symmetrically according to the vertical bright block band. And no A bright block band.

FIG. 10: a bright block belt of a fancy F single stay wire is a schematic diagram of the bright block belt.

V, A and B are arranged horizontally and symmetrically according to the upward bent bright block belt.

The side pull wire is arranged.

FIG. 11: the fancy G bright block transverse layout is a bright block belt schematic diagram.

V, A is arranged asymmetrically according to the upward bent bright block band and B is arranged according to the vertical bright block band.

Digital code

In the traditional digital mode in fig. 18, codes and fonts are all of equal width, and the oblique angle is small and is approximate to a right angle. The font is too small. The display is rigid and difficult to read.

Fig. 16 is a character number with gradually wide code segment and gradually wide oblique angle of the present invention. The morphology of each code segment in the figure is different, including width and degree of skew. The code segments are not straight lines. In addition the font width is also variable. And the frame lines of the vertical code segments EGAB are bent according to the same amplitude, so that the artistic effect is highlighted.

Fig. 17 is an instrument panel of the present invention with gradually wide bright band and gradually wide digital combined display. The power is displayed by a bright block band B, and the speed is displayed by 2-bit digital codes VH and VL.

The 2-bit code in the figure has different forms, the code segment is bent obliquely and gradually widened, and the inclination and the width change rate are different.

Digital fonts are also polymorphic. The slope and width change rates are different, and the 4-angle angles of the digital code are also different.

The speed multi-state digital code is matched with the electric quantity bright block belt, so that the display effect of the electric vehicle instrument is greatly improved, and the electric vehicle instrument has specific infectivity.

The figure has a large number, the height and width are about 5.5 x 3.2cm, and the figure is very easy to identify.

The code segments in the figure are large in area, and 2 LED lamps are placed in each code segment for increasing the brightness.

G is as indicated above.

G1 is the power-on instruction, and the color is red by using a crescent bright block.

V and B are diverged from the starting lamp of the crescent bright block and are displayed by a digital code and a bright block respectively. VH and VL are selected from blue, B is selected from red and yellow. VH and VL represent high and low digits, respectively.

The digital control circuit board in fig. 17 is applied to a circuit without a mcu, and is directly completed by 2 small-scale general chips 74HC374 or 74HC164, a driving circuit adopts a multi-voltage-level XY scanning circuit, and other matched intelligent components of the electric vehicle directly control the chips 74HC374 or 74HC164 to complete display, so that the cost is greatly reduced. Wherein the 74HC164 chip interface is simpler. And a special LED driving chip can be selected for realizing control.

Fig. 17 is directed to LED, and the digital layout is also applied to LCD and VFD, which can achieve the purpose of improving the display effect.

The digital code can also be used on other electronic equipment outside the electric vehicle instrument to realize the effect improvement effect.

LED screen

The LED screen is an independent module which is formed by pouring the PCB and related components according to the circuit principle or the bright block belt arrangement mode or by applying the codes and is used for displaying the parameters of the electric vehicle.

Intelligent component

The intelligent part comprises a communication circuit, an instrument is arranged on the multi-state bright block, data is exchanged with the digital code or the LED screen according to an appointed communication protocol, and information required to be displayed is transmitted.

Electric vehicle

The electric vehicle is provided with the multi-state bright block with instrument, the digital code, the LED screen or the intelligent component.

The embodiments and the description above are only intended to illustrate the principle of the present invention and one of the examples, and there are variations and modifications according to this principle, which fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a bright piece of polymorphic area instrument which characterized in that: the instrument comprises a central processing circuit, a communication and interface circuit, a power circuit, a display and a PCB (printed Circuit Board);

the display is divided into an LED array, an LCD screen and a VFD screen and is directly welded on the PCB;

when the LED array is selected, the central processing circuit comprises an LED driving circuit; the LED array is connected with the central processing circuit through the LED driving circuit;

the central processing circuit is connected with the communication and interface circuit and the power supply circuit;

the central processing circuit is connected with the LCD screen, the VFD screen, the LED array or the LED driving circuit;

the central processing circuit, the communication and interface circuit, the power supply circuit and the display are directly welded on the PCB;

the power circuit supplies power to the instrument;

the communication and interface circuit is divided into a communication class and an interface class; the interface class is used for acquiring and converting display data aiming at the display by the instrument; the communication class is used for transmitting display data of the display to an intelligent component through a communication line according to an agreed communication protocol;

the communication and interface circuit of the interface type comprises various combinations of a storage battery power supply positive line, a ground wire, a speed line, a left turning line, a right turning line, a far and near lamp line, a three-gear line, a fault line and a current line;

the communication and interface circuit of the communication type comprises a power supply positive wire, a ground wire and a communication wire;

the central processing circuit comprises an LCD screen driving chip, a VFD screen driving chip, an LED driving chip or a mcu chip; the LCD screen driving chip drives the LCD screen, the VFD screen driving chip drives the VFD screen, and the mcu chip or the LED driving chip drives the LED array;

the display content of the display comprises various combinations of speed, current, electric quantity, temperature and general prompts;

the display content of the display is displayed in a bright block band mode, and the larger the value of the display content is, the more the bright blocks are lighted;

the bright block belt is formed by stringing 4 to 64 LED bright blocks, LCD bright blocks or VFD bright blocks into a belt shape in a chain mode;

for the LED array, the bright block band is displayed through a corresponding hole of a display panel of the instrument;

each LED bright block at least comprises 1 LED lamp.

2. A multi-state bright block strip meter according to claim 1, wherein: the central processing circuit is divided into a type with a mcu circuit and a type without the mcu circuit;

aiming at the type with the mcu circuit, the central processing circuit comprises the mcu circuit, and the mcu circuit comprises an mcu chip; the mcu chip is connected with the LCD screen driving chip, the VFD screen driving chip, the LED driving circuit or the LED driving chip; the data required to be displayed by the instrument is directly collected by the mcu, or is transmitted from the communication and interface circuit through a communication line according to an agreed communication protocol by an intelligent component; the mcu circuit controls the LCD screen driving chip, the VFD screen driving chip, the LED driving circuit or the LED driving chip to drive the display;

aiming at the circuit type without the mcu, the central processing circuit does not have an mcu chip, and data required to be displayed by the instrument is transmitted from the communication and interface circuit through a communication line according to an agreed communication protocol by an intelligent component; the mcu circuit of the intelligent component controls the LCD screen driving chip, the VFD screen driving chip or the LED driving chip to drive the display;

for complex LED arrays, the LED drive circuit includes an XY scan circuit.

3. A multi-state bright block strip meter according to claim 1, wherein: the color of the bright block belt is divided into monochrome and color;

the colors adopted by the same bright block band are divided into same colors and different colors;

the colors adopted by different bright block bands are divided into same color and different colors;

the bright block band edge lines are arranged into no edge lines, peripheral lines and single pull lines;

the bright block is taken as a unit and represents a value; aiming at the LED array, the value of the LED array is printed in or beside a bright block corresponding to the instrument panel or the mask; for an LCD screen or a VFD screen, the value indicates the position in the LCD screen or VFD screen where the light block is adjacent.

4. A multi-state bright block strip meter according to claim 1, wherein: the bright block belt is divided into a horizontal line type, a vertical line type, an oblique line type, a curve type and a combination type;

the combination type is formed by mixing two or more than two of a transverse line type, a vertical line type, an oblique line type or a curve type, such as a vertical line and a curve, and a transverse line and an oblique line and a curve;

the curve type is divided into an upward bending type, a downward bending type, a left bending type, a right bending type and an oblique bending type;

the shape of the LED bright block band is completed by the instrument panel or mask professional manufacturer in a matched manner, and the position of the LED lamp is completed by the instrument development engineer in the layout of the PCB;

the shapes of the LCD or VFD bright block bands are distributed in the screen by LCD screen or VFD screen professional manufacturers.

5. A multi-state bright block strip meter according to claim 1, wherein: the bright block belt consists of 4-64 bright blocks, and the bright blocks are square, round, oblique edge type and polygonal;

the bright block band is divided into an equal-width type and a gradually-wide type;

the equal-width type refers to that the width of the bright block band is unchanged along with the increase of the display numerical value;

the gradually widening type means that the area of the bright block is gradually increased along with the increase of the display numerical value, so that the change of the display parameter is more intuitively shown;

for the gradually widening type LED bright block band, along with the increase of the area of the bright block, the number of corresponding bright block LED lamps is gradually increased so as to maintain or improve the brightness of the bright block, particularly the tail end bright block;

the shape of the LED bright block belt is completed by matching the instrument panel or the mask;

the shape of the LCD or VFD light block strip is customized in the screen by LCD screen or VFD screen professional manufacturers.

6. A scan circuit, characterized by: the scanning circuit is suitable for the LED array display of the multi-state bright block strip instrument in any one of claims 1 to 5;

the scanning circuit comprises an X transverse signal, an upper tube, an LED lamp, a Y vertical signal and a lower tube;

the X transverse signal is respectively connected with the B pole of the upper tube through a resistor or directly;

if the upper tube is a P-type tube, the anode of the LED lamp is connected to the C pole of the upper tube in a centralized manner, and the E pole of the upper tube is connected with a rated power supply respectively;

if an upper tube is an N-type tube, the anode of the LED lamp is connected to the E pole of the upper tube in a centralized manner, and the C poles of the upper tube are respectively connected with a rated power supply;

the Y vertical signal is respectively connected with the B pole of the lower tube through a resistor or directly;

cathodes of the LED lamps are respectively connected to the C poles of the lower tubes; the E poles of the lower tubes are respectively grounded;

the m X transverse signals and the n Y vertical signals can control the product m X n LED lamps;

for different colors of LED lamps, the rated power supply comprises power supplies with different voltage levels; the E pole or the C pole of the upper tube is respectively connected with the power supplies with different voltage grades;

and for the situation that the X transverse signals are few and the output current of the Y vertical signals is large, the Y vertical signals are directly connected with the cathode of the LED lamp, and the lower tube can be eliminated.

7. A digital code, characterized by: the digital code is applied with the bright block characteristics or application circuit of the multi-state bright block with instrument as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, or the scanning circuit as described in claim 6;

the code segment of the digital code is divided into equal width type and gradually wide type;

the code segment of the digital code is in a linear type or an oblique bending type;

the font height or width of the digital code is gradually wide;

at least 1 angle of the font of the digital code is an oblique angle, and the inclination is 6-65 degrees;

the fonts of the digital codes are distributed in large code numbers, and the height and width of a single digital code are between 1 × 0.8cm and 32 × 29 cm;

the digital display device is divided into an LED, an LCD or a VFD;

the colors of the digital codes are divided into monochrome and color;

for the LED digital code with a large code number, 2 to 19 LED lamps are arranged in all code segments or a part of code segments of the digital code.

8. An LED screen, its characterized in that: the LED screen is cast into a module together with related components by applying the multi-state bright block with instrument bright block characteristics or an application circuit of any one of claims 1 to 5, or by applying the scanning circuit of claim 6, or by applying the digital code of claim 7.

9. An intelligent component, characterized by: the intelligent component comprises a communication circuit which is communicated with the multi-state light block strip instrument in any one of claims 1 to 5 or the LED screen in claim 8, and exchanges data to be displayed according to a convention communication protocol.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: the electric vehicle is equipped with the multi-state bright block band meter of any one of claims 1 to 5, with a scanning circuit of claim 6, with a digital code of claim 7, with an LED screen of claim 8, or with an intelligent component of claim 9.

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