CN211939485U - Friction stir welding weld joint stress relieving device - Google Patents
Friction stir welding weld joint stress relieving device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN211939485U CN211939485U CN202020624447.7U CN202020624447U CN211939485U CN 211939485 U CN211939485 U CN 211939485U CN 202020624447 U CN202020624447 U CN 202020624447U CN 211939485 U CN211939485 U CN 211939485U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- tool head
- workpiece
- ultrasonic vibration
- welding seam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a friction stir welding seam stress relief device. Comprises a rotary power part, an ultrasonic vibration device and a tool head which are coaxially arranged; the first end of the ultrasonic vibration device is detachably connected with the rotary power part and is used for realizing the rotation of the ultrasonic vibration device; the second end of the ultrasonic vibration device is connected with the tool head and used for driving the tool head to rotate and carrying out ultrasonic frequency vibration along the axial direction of the tool head to eliminate the welding stress of a welding seam of a workpiece; the tool head is matched with the welding seam of the workpiece and used for realizing the close contact of the tool head and the welding seam of the workpiece. The utility model discloses a rotatory power spare drives the instrument head and does the rotatory motion opposite with the welding time stirring head direction of rotation to with work piece welding seam in close contact with, transmission ultrasonic vibration energy to work piece, along with the continuous joining of ultrasonic vibration energy and the energy transfer between the atom, owing to the relaxation effect, the stress that can make weld zone tissue obtains the release, thereby reaches the purpose of eliminating welding seam district stress.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a welding manufacturing technical field, concretely relates to friction stir welding seam stress relief device.
Background
After the welding of the thin-wall long plate is completed by adopting the friction stir welding method, stress exists in a weldment due to the action of heat input and force, and the residual welding stress of the skin type extremely thin plate is mainly reflected in a form of deformation after welding. The aircraft skin is formed by splicing wide aviation aluminum alloy long plates with the thickness of less than 2mm, after welding is carried out by adopting a friction stir welding or ultrasonic-assisted friction stir welding method, various types of post-welding deformation and stress accumulation are generated on the whole thin plate weldment due to the thermal expansion and contraction effect, the thermal coupling effect of a stirring head and other reasons, the deformation types include C-shaped upwarping bending, S-shaped torsional bending and saddle-shaped deformation. These deformations and accumulated stresses can affect subsequent aircraft assembly. Currently, the methods commonly used in the industry to eliminate the welding stress of the aircraft skin include:
1) the sheet metal method comprises the following steps: the rubber hammer and the wooden hammer repeatedly knock the thin plate, and the sheet metal method is used for correction.
2) The shot blasting method comprises the following steps: namely, a large amount of small-particle steel balls are adopted to impact a welding seam at a certain speed to eliminate stress.
However, the sheet metal method requires a worker to repeatedly knock the workpiece, so that the working strength of the worker is high and the elimination amount of welding deformation is low; the shot blasting method needs to move the whole workpiece to the shot blasting equipment and repeatedly spray the workpiece to a welding area for multiple times, and the eliminated welding deformation is lower than 50%.
In view of the foregoing, there is a need for a weld stress relief apparatus for friction stir welding that solves the problems of the prior art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a friction stir welding seam stress relief device to solve the problem that sheet metal class work piece adopted behind the friction stir welding stress relief.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides a friction stir welding weld joint stress relieving device, which comprises a rotating power part, an ultrasonic vibration device and a tool head which are coaxially arranged; the first end of the ultrasonic vibration device is detachably connected with the rotary power part and is used for realizing the rotation of the ultrasonic vibration device; the second end of the ultrasonic vibration device is connected with the tool head and used for driving the tool head to rotate and carrying out ultrasonic frequency vibration along the axial direction of the tool head to eliminate the welding stress of a welding seam of a workpiece; the tool head is matched with the welding seam of the workpiece and used for realizing the close contact of the tool head and the welding seam of the workpiece.
Preferably, the rotating power part is a main shaft of a welding machine tool for friction stir welding, and is used for realizing the integral rotation of the welding stress relieving device and the movement of the welding stress relieving device along the length direction of a welding seam of a workpiece.
Preferably, the ultrasonic vibration device comprises an ultrasonic transducer and an amplitude transformer which are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the ultrasonic transducer; the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the rotary power part, and the amplitude transformer is connected with the tool head and used for transmitting ultrasonic vibration energy to the tool head.
Preferably, the contact end of the tool head and the welding seam of the workpiece is a cylindrical end, and the specification of the contact surface of the cylindrical end and the welding seam of the workpiece is 3-5 times of the width of the welding seam so as to realize the comprehensive coverage of the end surface of the cylindrical end on the welding seam of the workpiece.
Use the technical scheme of the utility model, following beneficial effect has:
(1) the utility model discloses in, through setting up coaxial rotary power spare, ultrasonic vibration device and instrument head, drive the instrument head and do the rotatory motion opposite with the welding time stirring head direction of rotation, instrument head and work piece welding seam in close contact with under the rotation state, through instrument head transmission ultrasonic vibration energy to welding workpiece, when ultrasonic vibration energy spreads in the solid that contains the dislocation, ultrasonic vibration energy is absorbed and constantly transmits by the aggravation. With the continuous addition of ultrasonic vibration energy and the energy transfer among atoms, the stress of the welding area tissue of the workpiece can be released due to the relaxation effect, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively eliminating the stress of the welding area.
(2) The utility model discloses in, adopt friction stir welding lathe main shaft as the rotary power spare, can realize installing holistic rotation and along work piece welding seam length direction's removal, need not additionally increase power equipment, reducible device cost.
(3) The utility model discloses in, through ultrasonic transducer with electric energy transformation ultrasonic frequency vibration energy and through become the amplitude transformer after amplifying, conduct on the tool bit, make the effect of eliminating welding stress obtain obviously promoting.
(4) In the utility model, the end face specification dimension D of the cylindrical end is 3-5 times of the weld width L, so that the flat-bottom end face of the cylindrical end can completely cover the weld seam of the workpiece, the contact surface of the tool head and the welded workpiece completely covers the weld zone (including a welding nucleus zone, a heat engine zone and a heat affected zone), and the elimination of the welding stress is direct and comprehensive; after the workpiece is welded, the large-diameter tool head rotates at a high speed to be in micro contact with the workpiece, the whole welding stroke is walked again, so that the flash can be eliminated, the height difference between the surface of the welding seam and the surface of the workpiece is reduced, and the surface quality of the aircraft skin is improved.
(5) In the utility model, the welding workpiece is kept under the original welding fixture for stress relief, no fixture is additionally designed, the workpiece is not required to be moved, and the workload of workers can be reduced; the tool head is in close contact with the welding seam of the workpiece, ultrasonic vibration energy is transmitted to the welding seam area while the tool head rotates in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the stirring head, so that the stress of the tissue of the welding seam of the workpiece is released, and the aim of effectively eliminating the stress of the welding seam area is fulfilled.
(6) The utility model discloses in, through the trial and error verification, obtained the optimum range of the rotation speed of lathe main shaft, the optimum range of rectilinear movement speed and the optimum range of the contact value of tool head and work piece welding seam, make friction stir welding stress relieving device when optimum within range moves, install single walking and can eliminate welding deformation more than 50%, walk many times and can eliminate welding deformation more than 80%.
In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a friction stir welding weld stress relief apparatus of the present application;
the ultrasonic welding device comprises a rotary power part 1, an ultrasonic vibration device 2, an ultrasonic transducer 2.1, an amplitude transformer 2.2, a tool head 3, a cylindrical end 3.1, a welding clamp 4, a workpiece 5, a workpiece 5.1, a workpiece welding line 6 and a base plate.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the friction stir welding seam stress relieving device is applied to the seam stress relieving of the aircraft skin.
A friction stir welding weld joint stress relieving device comprises a rotary power part 1, an ultrasonic vibration device 2 and a tool head 3 which are coaxially arranged; the first end of the ultrasonic vibration device 2 is detachably connected with the rotary power part 1 through a bolt so as to realize the rotation of the ultrasonic vibration device 2 (the rotation direction is opposite to the rotation direction of the stirring head when the workpiece 5 is welded); the second end of the ultrasonic vibration device 2 is connected with the tool head 3 (fixedly connected through bolts or welding) to drive the tool head 3 to rotate and perform ultrasonic frequency vibration along the axial direction of the tool head 3 so as to eliminate the welding stress of a welding seam 5.1 of a workpiece, and because the rotating direction of the tool head 3 is opposite to the rotating direction of the stirring head, the deformation of a part of the workpiece 5 caused by the rotation of the stirring head can be counteracted; the tool head 3 is matched with the workpiece weld joint 5.1, and the flat-bottom end face of the tool head 3 is in contact with the workpiece weld joint so as to realize the close contact of the tool head 3 and the workpiece weld joint 5.1. The tool head 3 moves to the tail end of the workpiece welding seam 5.1 from the starting end of the workpiece welding seam 5.1 in a rotating state at a constant speed, and in the process, the tool head 3 keeps rotating and advancing movement and simultaneously conducts ultrasonic frequency vibration along the depth direction of the workpiece welding seam 5.1 under the action of the ultrasonic vibration device 2, so that the ultrasonic vibration energy is guided into a welding seam area (comprising a welding core area, a heat engine area, a heat influence area and part of base metal). The tool head 3 transmits ultrasonic vibration energy to metal atoms on the surface layer of a welding area of the workpiece 5 through contact, so that the kinetic energy of the metal atoms is increased, on the microscale, the ultrasonic vibration energy and a substance microstructure have interaction, a part of the ultrasonic vibration energy is converted into lattice vibration energy to cause lattice vibration in the workpiece 5, an original stress field is changed to generate compressive plastic deformation, a friction stir welding seam of the workpiece 5 is a tissue formed after the metal undergoes complex plastic flow, the dislocation and the microstress of the seam exist in a large quantity, and when the ultrasonic vibration energy is transmitted in a solid containing the dislocation, the ultrasonic vibration energy is absorbed in an aggravated manner and is transmitted continuously. With the continuous addition of ultrasonic vibration energy and the energy transfer among atoms, the stress of the welding area tissue of the workpiece 5 is released due to the relaxation effect, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively eliminating the stress of the welding area.
In the embodiment, the rotary power part 1 is a main shaft of a friction stir welding machine tool and is used for realizing the integral rotation of the device and the movement along the length direction of a welding seam 5.1 of a workpiece, no additional power equipment is needed, and the cost of the device can be reduced; in addition, the rotary power member 1 may also adopt an intermediate connecting rod which is connected with the spindle of the friction stir welding machine in a matching manner, and the spindle of the welding machine and the friction stir welding seam stress relieving device of the embodiment are connected through the intermediate connecting rod.
The ultrasonic vibration device 2 comprises an ultrasonic transducer 2.1 and an amplitude transformer 2.2 which are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the ultrasonic vibration device; the ultrasonic transducer 2.1 is connected with the rotary power part 1, the amplitude transformer 2.2 is connected with the tool head 3 and used for transmitting ultrasonic vibration energy to the tool head 3, electric energy is converted into ultrasonic frequency vibration energy through the ultrasonic transducer 2.1 and is amplified through the amplitude transformer 2.2 and then is transmitted to the tool head 3, and therefore the effect of eliminating welding stress is obviously improved.
The contact end of the tool head 3 and the workpiece weld joint 5.1 is a cylindrical end 3.1, the specification (namely the diameter of the flat-bottom end face of the cylindrical end 3.1) D of the contact surface of the cylindrical end 3.1 and the workpiece weld joint is 3-5 times of the weld joint width L, so that the flat-bottom end face of the cylindrical end 3.1 can completely cover the workpiece weld joint 5.1, the contact surface of the tool head 3 and the welded workpiece 5 completely covers a welding zone (comprising a welding core zone, a heat engine zone and a heat affected zone), and the welding stress is directly and comprehensively eliminated.
A friction stir welding weld stress relieving method adopts the friction stir welding weld stress relieving device and comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after the workpiece 5 is welded on the backing plate 6 by friction stir welding, keeping the workpiece 5 under the clamping of the welding fixture 4; taking down a stirring head of the friction stir welding machine tool, and connecting the ultrasonic vibration device 2 and the tool head 3 with the rotary power part 1, namely a main shaft of the welding machine tool;
step two: adjusting the position of the tool head 3 to enable the cylindrical end 3.1 to cover a welding area, starting a main shaft of a welding machine tool and the ultrasonic vibration device 2 to enable the main shaft to rotate at a high speed, wherein the rotating direction is opposite to the rotating direction of the stirring head during welding;
step three: pressing the tool head 3 downwards to enable the tool head 3 to press the workpiece welding seam 5.1 to rotate, as shown in figure 1;
step four: the tool head 3 driven by the main shaft of the machine tool to rotate makes uniform reciprocating linear movement along the length direction of the welding seam 5.1 of the workpiece, and the tool head 3 walks once or for several times along the welding seam 5.1 of the workpiece, so that the stress of the welding seam area can be greatly reduced.
In the second step, the rotating speed of the main shaft is 800 r/min-1500 r/min.
In the third step, as shown in fig. 1, a pressing depth exists between the tool head 3 and the workpiece weld joint 5.1, and a contact value Δ h between the tool head 3 and the workpiece weld joint 5.1 is 0.005mm to 0.015mm (when the tool head 3 is pressed down, the surface of the workpiece 5 is recessed by 0.005mm to 0.015 mm). The surface of the welding line of the aircraft skin obtained by the friction stir welding method usually has trace concave and flash, and after welding, the large-diameter tool head 3 rotates at high speed to contact with the workpiece 5 in a trace manner, and then the whole welding stroke is walked again, so that the flash can be eliminated, the height difference between the surface of the welding line and the surface of the workpiece is reduced, and the surface quality of the aircraft skin is improved.
In the fourth step, the linear moving speed of the main shaft of the machine tool is 30 mm/min-100 mm/min.
The workpiece 5 is a thin plate workpiece, the thickness of the workpiece 5 is less than 2mm, and for the skin type extremely thin plate, the residual welding stress is mainly reflected in the form of deformation after welding. According to the comparative test data, compared with the weldment adopting the conventional stress relief measure, the combination of the device and the method can eliminate the post-welding deformation of the long thin plate weldment by more than 80 percent; compared with a sheet metal method, the method is simple to operate and high in efficiency; compared with the shot blasting method, the amplitude of the deformation elimination amount exceeds more than 50% in the same working time.
Adopt the utility model discloses carry out stress relief test to aircraft skin welding seam, the partial data that obtain as follows:
experiment one: the tool head 3 is pressed down to the contact value of 0.005mm with the workpiece 5, the rotating speed of the main shaft is 1500r/min, when the advancing speed along the welding seam 5.1 of the workpiece is 120mm/min, the tool head 3 walks once along the welding seam 5.1 of the workpiece, and about 50% of welding deformation can be eliminated; the walking is performed in the opposite direction once again, so that about 80% of deformation can be eliminated;
experiment two: the tool head 3 is pressed down to the state that the contact value with the workpiece 5 is 0.010mm, the rotating speed of the main shaft is 1200r/min, and when the advancing speed along the welding seam 5.1 of the workpiece is 100mm/min, the tool head 3 walks once along the welding seam 5.1 of the workpiece, so that about 60% of welding deformation can be eliminated; the walking is performed in the opposite direction once again, so that about 95% of deformation can be eliminated;
experiment three: the tool head 3 is pressed down to the contact value of 0.015mm with the workpiece 5, the rotating speed of the main shaft is 800r/min, when the advancing speed along the welding seam 5.1 of the workpiece is 80mm/min, the tool head 3 walks once along the welding seam 5.1 of the workpiece, and about 50% of welding deformation can be eliminated; the walking is performed in the opposite direction once again, so that about 85% of deformation can be eliminated;
the conventional sheet metal method is characterized in that the welded workpiece 5 is manually knocked, the efficiency is low, and the internal stress eliminating efficiency is only 20 percent in the same working time
The shot blasting method requires moving the welded workpiece 5 as a whole, and repeatedly spraying the welded region for a plurality of times to eliminate the welding deformation by 30% to 40%.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A friction stir welding weld joint stress relieving device is characterized by comprising a rotary power part (1), an ultrasonic vibration device (2) and a tool head (3) which are coaxially arranged; the first end of the ultrasonic vibration device (2) is detachably connected with the rotary power part (1) to realize the rotation of the ultrasonic vibration device (2); the second end of the ultrasonic vibration device (2) is connected with the tool head (3) and used for driving the tool head (3) to rotate and carrying out ultrasonic frequency vibration along the axial direction of the tool head (3) to eliminate the welding stress of a welding seam of a workpiece; the tool head (3) is matched with the welding seam of the workpiece and used for realizing the close contact of the tool head (3) and the welding seam of the workpiece.
2. The weld joint stress relieving device for friction stir welding according to claim 1, wherein the rotating power part (1) is a main shaft of a welding machine tool for friction stir welding, and is used for realizing the integral rotation and the movement of the welding stress relieving device along the length direction of the weld joint of the workpiece.
3. The friction stir welding weld stress relief device according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic vibration device (2) comprises an ultrasonic transducer (2.1) and a horn (2.2) which are connected in sequence along the axial direction of the ultrasonic transducer; the ultrasonic transducer (2.1) is connected with the rotary power piece (1), and the amplitude transformer (2.2) is connected with the tool head (3) and used for transmitting ultrasonic vibration energy to the tool head (3).
4. The friction stir welding weld stress relieving device according to claim 1, wherein the contact end of the tool head (3) and the weld of the workpiece is a cylindrical end (3.1), and the specification of the contact surface of the cylindrical end (3.1) and the weld of the workpiece is 3-5 times of the width of the weld, so as to realize the comprehensive coverage of the end surface of the cylindrical end (3.1) on the weld of the workpiece.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020624447.7U CN211939485U (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2020-04-23 | Friction stir welding weld joint stress relieving device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020624447.7U CN211939485U (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2020-04-23 | Friction stir welding weld joint stress relieving device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN211939485U true CN211939485U (en) | 2020-11-17 |
Family
ID=73161754
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020624447.7U Expired - Fee Related CN211939485U (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2020-04-23 | Friction stir welding weld joint stress relieving device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN211939485U (en) |
-
2020
- 2020-04-23 CN CN202020624447.7U patent/CN211939485U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101972892B (en) | Multifunctional friction welding table | |
| CN101942547B (en) | Ultrasonic elliptical vibration extrusion device and vibration extrusion processing method for carrying out surface finishing of part by using same | |
| CN108637801A (en) | A kind of ultrasonic vibration aided grinding device and its application | |
| CN110724804A (en) | Ultrasonic-assisted vibration shot blasting strengthening process method for tooth root and tooth surface | |
| CN102581149B (en) | Flying wheel energy storage type rivetless connection device of servo motor and connection method of connection device | |
| CN105618656A (en) | Method and device for combined stamping riveting | |
| CN210916181U (en) | Ultrasonic-assisted vibration shot peening strengthening process device for tooth root and tooth surface | |
| CN212384912U (en) | Collet chuck type tailstock of refitted friction welding machine | |
| JP3237037B2 (en) | Friction welding device | |
| CN206524383U (en) | Column lithium ion battery core end face rubs leveling device | |
| CN111299959A (en) | Ultrasonic rolling device and method | |
| CN211939485U (en) | Friction stir welding weld joint stress relieving device | |
| CN112170385B (en) | Laser cleaning device and method for sealing and glue removing of composite material hot-pressing tool | |
| CN113736969A (en) | Dual-purpose ultrasonic shot peening strengthening device for round rod and flat-plate-shaped test piece | |
| CN109821992B (en) | Rivet-free riveting forming device under ultrasonic wave and high temperature effects and control method | |
| CN116038236A (en) | Device and method for rolling inner hole surface assisted by ultrasonic vibration | |
| CN101220407A (en) | Rolling impact head type ultrasonic impact gun | |
| CN109622960B (en) | Composite forming device and method for plate | |
| CN107363393B (en) | Compact spline type friction stir spot welding auxiliary device | |
| RU2282525C1 (en) | Material working apparatus with use of ultrasonic oscillations | |
| CN202240100U (en) | Stud welding and positioning device | |
| CN216151435U (en) | Ultrasonic welding device and ultrasonic welding machine | |
| CN212239598U (en) | Friction stir welding actuator capable of flexibly adjusting welding thickness | |
| CN210548811U (en) | Back pierces through and supplementary friction stir welding device of ultrasonic tool head support | |
| CN202377344U (en) | Cold-roll sheet aluminum alloy wheel spinning machine |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20201117 |