CN211901481U

CN211901481U - Rolling friction trapezoidal lead screw

Info

Publication number: CN211901481U
Application number: CN201920480606.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 侯金网; 侯杰烨
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-04-03
Filing date: 2019-04-03
Publication date: 2020-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 2029-04-03

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of trapezoidal screw transmission, and relates to a manufacturing method of a rolling friction trapezoidal screw; the novel rolling friction nut is composed of a trapezoidal screw rod and a rolling friction nut, wherein the rolling friction nut is composed of a nut shell, trapezoidal spiral rolling bodies and a bearing, the nut shell is used for connecting and fixing a plurality of trapezoidal screw column rolling bodies which are the same with the pitch lead of the trapezoidal screw rod through the bearing, the trapezoidal screw column rolling bodies are distributed in the axial direction of the trapezoidal screw rod in a surrounding mode and are mutually embedded and embraced in a surrounding mode, when the trapezoidal screw rod rotates and the rolling friction nut is fixed, the trapezoidal screw column rolling bodies rotate synchronously along with the trapezoidal screw rod, meanwhile, the rotary power of the trapezoidal screw rod is transmitted to the bearing nut shell through the bearing through the spiral transmission principle, and the rotary motion of the trapezoidal screw rod is converted into a mechanical product of linear reciprocating motion of the. The invention becomes a second high-quality type following a sliding friction trapezoidal screw rod, namely a common trapezoidal screw rod, has a self-locking function, and is reasonable in design and wide in application.

Description

Rolling friction trapezoidal lead screw

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of manufacturing of a thread-driven trapezoidal screw rod, in particular to a manufacturing scheme of a rolling friction trapezoidal screw rod.

Background

At present, the known trapezoidal screw rod structure is composed of a nut and a trapezoidal screw rod in a set. When the trapezoidal screw rod rotates and the nut is fixed, under the action of the helix angle, the trapezoidal screw rod slides to push the nut to generate linear displacement motion. The nut and the trapezoidal screw rod generate helicoid contact type sliding friction, so that the screw rod and the nut are mutually abraded and generate heat effect, the transmission precision is reduced, the components are in sliding friction, the consumed input power is large, and the efficiency is low. Generally, in the present situation, the trapezoidal screw is equivalently called a sliding friction screw, and the ball screw and the roller screw are equivalently called rolling friction screws, which can be driven reversely, so that the efficiency is high and the input power consumption is low. The trapezoidal screw is mainly used in a transmission and position adjusting device, has the advantages of low cost, large bearing capacity, compact and simple structure, self-locking capability and the like in spite of the defects of larger friction force, lower transmission efficiency, quicker relative abrasion and the like compared with a ball screw and a roller screw, and is widely applied to various industrial equipment such as common machine tools, elevators and the like. Although the ball screw and the roller screw can deal with higher design load as the trapezoidal screw at present, and have high transmission efficiency, the ball screw and the roller screw cannot replace the trapezoidal screw in many application occasions. For example, in some applications, the lower drive efficiency may be an advantage of a trapezoidal or sliding screw that can hold the load in place without the use of a motor with a brake or additional brake brakes in the system in a vertical lift application or where the designer does not want the screw to be driven in reverse. Theoretically, the self-locking condition can be satisfied as long as the lead of the trapezoidal lead screw is lower than one third of the diameter of the lead screw. Due to the low transmission efficiency, the torque requirement for driving the sliding friction trapezoidal screw is higher, and for this reason, a motor with larger torque is also needed. However, this is only one cost aspect, and the overall cost and advantages of the sliding friction trapezoidal screw are sufficient if the higher unit cost ball screw roller screw, maintenance, lubrication and its adverse effects, the back drive prevention brake in vertical lift applications, and the optional nut to eliminate back lash are all considered. Therefore, the trapezoidal screw cannot be driven reversely, all mechanisms have strong requirements on keeping position locking, and the self-locking advantage that the trapezoidal screw cannot replace is selected.

At present, the trapezoidal screw rod is used in various aspects of national production and has a huge effect. In order to better widen the application field of the trapezoidal screw rod, increase the application range, remove the limitation and the deficiency, prolong the service life of the machine and have low manufacturing cost. The invention discloses a novel trapezoidal screw rod and a novel rolling friction nut, which are very urgent needs. Because the trapezoidal screw rod is also a basic key mechanical part in the direction of the future intelligent machine, the trapezoidal screw rod meets the current situation by innovation and is an extremely important requirement!

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the traditional sliding friction nut and keep the excellent characteristic that the trapezoidal lead screw can be self-locked, the invention provides a novel trapezoidal lead screw rolling friction nut. The rolling friction target is completely and effectively achieved in the aspect of mechanical principle, and the mechanical manufacturing cost is economical. The nut overcomes the defects of a common sliding friction nut, and the conditions of precision reduction, low transmission efficiency and the like which are directly caused by sliding friction are met. The trapezoidal screw rod becomes a second high-quality type, namely a rolling friction nut trapezoidal screw rod, following the common sliding friction nut trapezoidal screw rod, so that two nut types which are originally existed in the trapezoidal screw rod and are certainly existed in various working conditions are immediately completed by the scheme of the invention. The trapezoidal screw rod nut type system is more comprehensive, superior and perfect, and is more completely applied to various aspects of national production. The invention has epoch-making significance and profound influence on the manufacturing industry, and the main industrial developed countries in the world pay attention to the research and development of the key technology of the screw rod, and China is a big country and should not be granted on the best.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the rolling friction trapezoidal screw rod consists of two parts, namely a trapezoidal screw rod and a rolling friction nut, the rolling friction nut consists of a nut shell, a bearing and a trapezoidal spiral rolling body, the nut shell is fixedly connected with a plurality of trapezoidal spiral rolling bodies with the same pitch lead as the trapezoidal screw rod through the bearing, the trapezoidal spiral rolling bodies are circumferentially distributed and mutually embedded and clasped in the axial direction of the trapezoidal screw rod, when the trapezoidal screw rod rotates and the rolling friction nut is fixed, the trapezoidal spiral rolling body synchronously rotates along with the trapezoidal screw rod, meanwhile, by the principle of spiral transmission, the rotary power of the trapezoidal screw rod is transmitted to the bearing nut shell through the bearing, the rotary motion of the trapezoidal screw rod is converted into the linear reciprocating motion of the nut, therefore, the principle and the method in the aspect of mechanical manufacture for completing the work of converting rotary motion into linear motion by rotating the trapezoidal screw rod and carrying the motion by the rolling friction nut have the following contents:

the rolling friction trapezoidal screw rod, the output precision is accurate type: see the attached figures 1-4, which show the principle scheme diagram of the toothless rolling friction trapezoidal screw rod and are in fit with a motion structure. As shown in the figure: the rolling friction trapezoidal screw rod consists of two parts, namely a trapezoidal screw rod and a rolling friction nut, the rolling friction nut consists of a nut shell, a bearing and a trapezoidal spiral rolling body, the nut shell is fixedly connected with a plurality of trapezoidal spiral rolling bodies with the same pitch lead as the trapezoidal screw rod through the bearing, the trapezoidal spiral rolling bodies are circumferentially distributed and mutually embedded and clasped in the axial direction of the trapezoidal screw rod, when the trapezoidal screw rod rotates and the rolling friction nut is fixed, the trapezoidal spiral rolling body synchronously rotates along with the trapezoidal screw rod, meanwhile, by the principle of spiral transmission, the rotary power of the trapezoidal screw rod is transmitted to the bearing nut shell through the bearing, the rotary motion of the trapezoidal screw rod is converted into the linear reciprocating motion of the nut, therefore, the manufacturing style of the trapezoidal spiral rolling body is not changed, the same as that of a trapezoidal screw rod, the tooth shapes are matched with each other and are matched with each other for transmission, and the trapezoidal spiral rolling body is of a matched motion structure.

The output precision of the rolling friction trapezoidal screw rod is of an ultrahigh precision type: see the schematic diagram of the peak-valley tooth rolling friction trapezoidal screw rod in the attached figure 5, which is a meshing motion structure. As shown in the figure: the rolling friction trapezoidal screw rod consists of two parts, namely a trapezoidal screw rod and a rolling friction nut, the rolling friction nut consists of a nut shell, a bearing and trapezoidal spiral rolling bodies, the nut shell is connected and fixed with the trapezoidal spiral rolling bodies with the same pitch lead as the trapezoidal screw rod through the bearing, the trapezoidal spiral rolling bodies are circumferentially distributed in the axial direction of the trapezoidal screw rod and are mutually embedded and clasped, when the trapezoidal screw rod rotates and the rolling friction nut is fixed, the trapezoidal spiral rolling bodies synchronously rotate along with the trapezoidal screw rod, meanwhile, the rotating power of the trapezoidal screw rod is transmitted to the bearing nut shell through the bearing through a spiral transmission principle, the rotating motion of the trapezoidal screw rod is converted into the linear reciprocating motion of the nut, thus, the manufacturing style of the trapezoidal spiral rolling bodies is changed, teeth are manufactured at the thread crest valley positions of the trapezoidal screw rod, the teeth are mutually meshed and are in meshed transmission, is a meshing motion structure. The gear tooth structure has the advantages that the gear tooth structure is machined by changing the design of the thread tooth peak valley positions of the trapezoidal screw rod and the trapezoidal spiral rolling body as the principle of a toothless fit motion structure, the structure is slightly complex, the cost is increased, the reliability and the assembly are improved, the motion matching is guaranteed, and the precision is improved.

The invention comprises important invention points 1: the newly-created rolling friction nut has two precision specifications, and two rolling matching response modes are adopted respectively, wherein one mode is a fit mode, and the other mode is an engagement mode.

The invention comprises important invention points 2: the trapezoidal screw rod and the trapezoidal spiral rolling body in the nut are in fit without changing the appearance, the production style of the original trapezoidal screw rod is still kept, namely, the left tooth and the right tooth are kept in the spiral direction, and the single thread and the multi-thread are arranged on the spiral line.

The present invention includes important invention points 3: the meshing type trapezoidal screw rod and the trapezoidal spiral rolling element in the nut need to be subjected to appearance change, the production style of the original trapezoidal screw rod is kept, the meshing peak-valley positions matched with each other on the rolling elements in the trapezoidal screw rod and the nut are increased, the same-module gear tooth forms are arranged and can be meshed with each other, synchronous rotation of the trapezoidal spiral rolling elements in the trapezoidal screw rod and the nut is guaranteed, and the meshing type trapezoidal spiral rolling element is neat and uniform in pace.

The invention comprises important invention points 4: no matter which kind of rolling cooperation response mode, the trapezoidal rolling element in the nut all is the trapezoidal spiral rolling element of trapezoidal lead screw same lead, can the diameter different, but certainly lead and trapezoidal tooth form are mutually supported unanimously, otherwise, can not synchronous revolution, come the conversion motion, simultaneously, the positional relationship of trapezoidal spiral rolling element and trapezoidal lead screw is generally non-perpendicular, non-parallel arrangement, and it uses spiral lead angle as leading, and the rotation face that inlays each other closely laminates the priority.

The present invention includes important points of invention 5: the same modulus gear tooth type is arranged on the rolling bodies in the engaged trapezoidal screw rod and the nut, the gear teeth must be mutually and precisely engaged in the motion process, and the gear teeth are smoothly and uniformly distributed according to the mutually embedded spiral wires.

The present invention includes important invention points 6: the rolling friction trapezoidal screw nut can be a single nut, and also can be two or more than two, and the nuts are axially overlapped and combined, so that the bearing capacity of the nut is improved.

The present invention includes important points 7: the tooth form of the rolling friction trapezoidal lead screw is trapezoidal, the tooth form is thick and firm, the production process is mature and simple, the requirements of manufacturing and material selection on special steel are relatively low, the trapezoidal lead screw and the trapezoidal spiral rolling component are in embedded fit type multi-surface contact, and the bearing capacity is high; different from the Gong type groove of the ball screw, the production process is complex, the requirement of manufacturing and selecting materials on special steel is relatively high, the contact among the ball screw, the ball and the nut is multipoint contact, and the bearing capacity is weak; the roller screw is different from a 90-degree tooth form angle of a roller screw, a plurality of transmission components are provided, the production and assembly process is complex, the roller screw can be produced in countries with less special steel, the contact among the roller screw, the roller and the nut is multi-line contact, and the bearing capacity is good.

The principle and the method of the trapezoidal screw rod in the aspect of mechanical manufacturing can achieve the original purpose of the rolling friction trapezoidal screw rod, and all the above-mentioned excellent aims are achieved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) the ancient wisdom heritage is excavated, the innovation brings a brand-new rolling friction trapezoidal screw nut, and the trapezoidal screw nut becomes a 'second nut type' -rolling friction nut except a common sliding friction nut, so that the existing production technology is more reasonably matched and exerted, and the efficiency is higher.

2) The rolling friction trapezoidal screw rod is implemented and applied, the existing mechanical elements are adopted, the structure is simple, the intelligence is high, the technical principle is mastered more quickly, the rolling friction efficiency is high, the production and use precision is high, the service life is long, the popularization is barrier-free, and the application range is wider.

3) At present, through the application of a simple assembly technology, the reality and feasibility of the ultra-high-power trapezoidal screw rod are definitely verified, the technical experience is accumulated for the production and application of the subsequent manufacture of the giant machine, and then the production of the giant machine with the large scale and super giant machine becomes possible.

Drawings

The invention has six figures in total. Wherein:

fig. 1 is an external schematic view (three-dimensional digital model) of a precision fit embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal assembly (three-dimensional digital model) of the precision fit embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of (three-dimensional digital model) assembly and disassembly of the precise fitting embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a housing using a combination nut according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the ultra-precision meshing principle of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a trapezoidal internal thread electric cylinder according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a trapezoidal screw rod 2, a nut shell 3, a trapezoidal spiral rolling body 4, a thrust bearing 5, a rolling bearing 6, a combined nut shell 7, a trapezoidal peak valley tooth screw rod 8, a trapezoidal peak valley tooth spiral rolling body 9, a fixed cylinder part 10, a moving cylinder part 11, a trapezoidal internal thread tooth 12, an input spindle 13, a thrust bearing 14, a positioning snap ring 15, a coupler 16 and a rotary base plate

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description, but the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereto.

Fig. 1 illustrates a classic external schematic diagram for a precision-type fitting principle, consisting of a trapezoidal screw (1) and a nut housing (2) to which a rolling friction component has been fitted.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal assembly of the example of fig. 1, and clearly shows that the internal assembly is composed of a trapezoidal screw rod (1) and a nut shell (2) which is already assembled with a rolling friction component, wherein the rolling friction component is composed of a trapezoidal spiral rolling body (3), a thrust bearing (4) and a rolling bearing (5).

Fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating assembly and disassembly of the example of fig. 1, and clearly shows that the assembly is composed of a trapezoidal screw rod (1) and a nut shell (2) assembled with a rolling friction component, wherein the rolling friction component is provided with a trapezoidal spiral rolling body (3) and a thrust bearing rolling bearing (5) which are assembled and precisely fit with each other and respectively surround the shaft of the trapezoidal screw rod (1).

Example 1 shown in fig. 1-3, as shown in the figure: the rolling friction trapezoidal screw rod is composed of a trapezoidal screw rod (1) and a rolling friction nut, the rolling friction nut is composed of a nut shell (2), a thrust bearing (4), a rolling bearing (5) and trapezoidal spiral rolling bodies (3), the nut shell (2) is connected and fixed with a plurality of trapezoidal spiral rolling bodies (3) which are the same with the pitch lead of the trapezoidal screw rod through the bearing, the trapezoidal spiral rolling bodies (3) are arranged on the shaft of the trapezoidal screw rod (1), the circumference planets are distributed in a surrounding manner and are mutually embedded and clasped, when the trapezoidal screw rod (1) rotates and the rolling friction nut is fixed, the trapezoidal spiral rolling bodies (3) synchronously rotate along with the trapezoidal screw rod (1), meanwhile, the rotary power of the trapezoidal screw rod (1) is transmitted to the bearing nut shell (2) through the bearing through the spiral transmission principle, and the rotary motion of the trapezoidal screw rod is converted into the linear, thus, the manufacturing style of the trapezoidal spiral rolling body (3) is not changed, the same as that of the trapezoidal screw rod (1), the spiral direction is the right-tooth spiral or the left-tooth spiral, the tooth shapes are matched with each other and are in fit with each other for transmission, and the trapezoidal spiral rolling body is one of the embodiments of fit motion structures; the two embodiments are distinguished only in a trapezoidal spiral rolling body (3) and a trapezoidal screw rod (1), the two spiral directions of the two spiral directions are different, one is a left-tooth spiral, and the other is a right-tooth spiral; the three embodiments are different only in the trapezoidal spiral rolling bodies (3) and the trapezoidal screw rods (1) and the thread arrangement is different, wherein the two embodiments are single threads, and the three embodiments are multi-thread threads.

Example 2 is shown in fig. 4, as in the figure: the rolling friction trapezoidal screw rod consists of two parts, namely a trapezoidal screw rod (1) and a rolling friction nut, wherein the rolling friction trapezoidal screw rod nut can be a single nut or two or more than two combined nuts which are axially overlapped, the bearing capacity of the nut is improved by the combined design, and the rolling friction trapezoidal screw rod is formed by combining two or more than two single nuts by a combined nut shell (6) and is also one of the implementation modes of the matched motion structure.

In the embodiment 3 shown in fig. 5, the rolling friction trapezoidal lead screw is composed of two parts, namely a trapezoidal peak valley tooth lead screw (7) and a rolling friction nut, the rolling friction nut is composed of a nut shell, a bearing and a trapezoidal peak valley tooth spiral rolling body (8), the nut shell is connected and fixed with a plurality of trapezoidal peak valley tooth spiral rolling bodies (8) with the same pitch lead as the trapezoidal peak valley tooth lead screw (7) through the bearing, the trapezoidal peak valley tooth spiral rolling bodies (8) are distributed in the axial direction of the trapezoidal peak valley tooth lead screw (7), the circumference planets are circumferentially distributed and are embedded and clasped with each other, when the trapezoidal peak valley tooth lead screw (7) rotates and the rolling friction nut is fixed, the trapezoidal peak valley tooth spiral rolling bodies (8) synchronously rotate along with the trapezoidal peak valley tooth lead screw (7), and simultaneously, the rotating power of the trapezoidal peak valley tooth lead screw (7) is transmitted to the bearing nut shell through the spiral transmission principle, the rotary motion of the trapezoidal peak valley tooth lead screw (7) is converted into the linear reciprocating motion of the nut, as shown in a schematic diagram: the trapezoidal peak valley tooth screw rod (7) and the trapezoidal peak valley tooth spiral rolling body (8) are matched and combined for use, so that the manufacturing style of the trapezoidal spiral rolling body is changed, teeth are manufactured at the peak valley positions of the screw teeth of the trapezoidal screw rod, tooth shapes are meshed with each other, and are meshed with each other and driven by tooth shapes in a meshing mode, and the trapezoidal peak valley tooth screw rod is of a meshing motion structure. The principle of the tooth-free fit motion structure is the same, the design of thread peak valley positions of the trapezoidal screw rod and the trapezoidal spiral rolling body in the embodiment 1 is changed, the corresponding gear tooth structure is machined, the structure is slightly complex, the cost is increased, the reliability and the assembly are improved, the motion matching is guaranteed, and the precision is improved.

Embodiment 4 shown in fig. 6 is an example of an internal thread transmission mode of a rolling friction trapezoidal screw, and is a schematic diagram of a trapezoidal internal thread electric cylinder, and mainly comprises two main components, namely a fixed cylinder part (9) and a moving cylinder part (10) in appearance, as shown in the schematic diagram: the moving cylinder part (10) is sleeved in the fixed cylinder part (9), trapezoidal internal thread teeth (11) are arranged in the moving cylinder part (10), an input main shaft (12), a thrust bearing (13), a positioning snap ring (14), a coupler (15) and a rotary base plate (16) are connected and inserted into the moving cylinder part (10) in the fixed cylinder part (9), penetrate through and are fixed in a through hole at the tail part of the fixed cylinder part (9) under the condition of ensuring the rotation, a plurality of assembling bodies consisting of a thrust bearing (4), a rolling bearing (5) and a trapezoidal spiral rolling body (3) are arranged on the rotary base plate (16) inserted into the moving cylinder part (10), meanwhile, the trapezoidal spiral rolling body (3) and the trapezoidal internal thread teeth (11) in the moving cylinder part (10) are circumferentially distributed in the cylinder body and are mutually embedded and matched, when the input main shaft (12) is driven to rotate by the input power of a motor after the coupler (15), when the fixed cylinder part (9) is fixed, the input main shaft (12) drives the rotary base plate (16) to rotate, the trapezoidal spiral rolling body (3) which is mutually embedded and matched with the trapezoidal internal thread (11) in the moving cylinder part (10) transmits the rotary power of the input main shaft (12) to the loaded moving cylinder part (10) through the trapezoidal internal thread (11) by the spiral transmission principle, and the rotary motion of the input motor is converted into the linear reciprocating motion of the moving cylinder part (10).

The above description is only for four specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and all persons skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions of the present invention and the concepts of the present invention equivalent substitutions or changes within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a rolling friction trapezoidal lead screw comprises trapezoidal lead screw and nut, characterized by: the rolling friction trapezoidal screw rod is provided with two parts, namely a trapezoidal screw rod and a rolling friction nut, the rolling friction nut is composed of a nut shell, a trapezoidal spiral rolling body, a thrust bearing and a rolling bearing, the trapezoidal screw rod is in threaded transmission connection with the rolling friction nut, the rolling bearing, the thrust bearing and the trapezoidal spiral rolling body are assembled in the rolling friction nut shell and are connected, and the trapezoidal spiral rolling body is in circumferential planet surrounding distribution and is in threaded transmission connection with the trapezoidal screw rod.

2. The rolling friction trapezoidal screw as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the tooth form of the trapezoidal screw rod is trapezoidal.

3. The rolling friction trapezoidal screw as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the trapezoidal screw rod and the trapezoidal spiral rolling body in the rolling friction nut are matched and combined in the same specification and lead.

4. The rolling friction trapezoidal screw as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the trapezoidal screw rod and the trapezoidal spiral rolling body move synchronously in a mode that teeth are meshed with each other and a mode that no teeth are wedged with each other.

5. The rolling friction trapezoidal screw as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the rolling friction trapezoidal screw nut improves the bearing capacity of the nut and adopts an axial superposition combined nut mode.

6. The rolling friction trapezoidal screw as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the rolling friction trapezoidal screw rod adopts external screw thread transmission of the trapezoidal screw rod in the first mode and internal screw thread transmission of the trapezoidal screw rod in the second mode.