CN211878837U

CN211878837U - Kinetic energy and potential energy tester

Info

Publication number: CN211878837U
Application number: CN201920221244.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 牟善秋
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-02-21
Filing date: 2019-02-21
Publication date: 2020-11-06
Anticipated expiration: 2029-02-21

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kinetic energy, potential energy tester, include: short plank and long plank, billet and trilateral wooden frame that are connected with the hinge, wooden frame one side is equipped with a plurality of apertures, the central authorities of short plank and long plank are equipped with convex recess, one side of long plank is fixed with the scale, billet one side be equipped with the identical convex surface of recess, be obtuse angle or right angle between short plank and the long plank. A kinetic energy, potential energy experiment ware can carry out "the kinetic energy of exploring the object is relevant with which factor", "explore gravitational potential energy and relevant with which factor" and "explore elastic potential energy and relevant with which factor" three experiment, be favorable to arousing student's interest in learning and cultivate student's hands-on ability, solved the billet simultaneously and do not follow linear motion's drawback sometimes.

Description

Kinetic energy and potential energy tester

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to physics mechanics experimental device field especially relates to the kinetic energy of exploring the object and is related to which factor, and the gravitational potential energy of exploring the object is related to and explores elastic potential energy and is related to a kinetic energy, potential energy tester with which factor.

Background

The teaching material is arranged with three contents of kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy and elastic potential energy. Only one experiment was performed: "exploring which factors the kinetic energy of an object is related to". In the national dial and provincial dial experiment equipment, the experiment equipment is not available, most schools can only use two boards for splicing to carry out experiments, one board is used as an inclined plane, and the other board is used as a horizontal plane. Because the experiment table is difficult to be completely horizontal, the small ball is difficult to impact the center of the wood block during the experiment, and the small ball pushes the wood block to move along a straight line sometimes after impacting the wood block. The experimental effect is not ideal. The teaching materials do not provide experiments for researching which factors the gravitational potential energy is related to and experiments for researching which factors the elastic potential energy is related to. In national dial and provincial dial experimental devices, there is no such device. In teaching, only the teacher can give a teacher's instruction and the students can read the instruction to obtain knowledge. This is not conducive to exciting the learning interest and training the hands-on ability of the students. Based on the experimental thought of teaching materials, the invention improves and invents a set of instruments capable of carrying out three experiments of 'researching the kinetic energy of an object related to which factors', 'researching the gravitational potential energy related to which factors' and 'researching the elastic potential energy related to which factors'.

Disclosure of Invention

To the above problem, the utility model provides a kinetic energy, potential energy tester can carry out "the kinetic energy of exploring the object is relevant with which factor", "explore gravitational potential energy and relevant with which factor" and "explore the instrument that elastic potential energy is relevant with which factor" three experiment ".

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a kinetic energy and potential energy tester comprises: the wood frame comprises a short wood board, a long wood board, a wood block and a wood frame which are connected through hinges, wherein a plurality of small holes are formed in one side of the wood frame, circular arc-shaped grooves are formed in the centers of the short wood board and the long wood board, a graduated scale is fixed on one side of the long wood board, a convex surface matched with the grooves is formed in one side of the wood block, and an obtuse angle or a right angle is formed between the short wood board and the long wood board;

when the short wood board and the long wood board form an obtuse angle, the long wood board is horizontally placed, the wood frame surrounds three surfaces of the short wood board, and the short wood board is fixed with the wood frame through a bolt;

when being the right angle between short plank and the long plank, have two kinds of condition: the short wood board is horizontally placed or the long wood board is horizontally placed;

when the short wood board is horizontally placed, the wood frame surrounds three surfaces of the short wood board, the wood frame is fixed with the short wood board and the long wood board through bolts respectively, an iron sheet is arranged on the long wood board, the iron sheet is fixed on the long wood board through bolts and can move up and down, and two large holes are formed in the middle of the iron sheet;

when long plank level was placed, the wooden frame encloses the trilateral of quarter plank, the wooden frame respectively through the bolt with quarter plank is fixed, the recess bottom fixedly connected with spring's of quarter plank one end, the spring other end is the free end.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

a kinetic energy, potential energy experiment ware can carry out "the kinetic energy of exploring the object is relevant with which factor", "explore gravitational potential energy and relevant with which factor" and "explore elastic potential energy and relevant with which factor" three experiment, be favorable to arousing student's interest in learning and cultivate student's hands-on ability, solved the billet simultaneously and do not follow linear motion's drawback sometimes.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a kinetic energy and potential energy tester of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is another schematic structural diagram of a kinetic energy and potential energy tester of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is another schematic structural diagram of a kinetic energy and potential energy tester of the present invention.

Wherein; 1. a long wood board; 2. a short wood board; 3. a hinge; 4. a groove; 5. a graduated scale; 6. a wooden frame; 7. a fixing hole; 8. a bolt; 9. big balls and small balls with different masses; 10. wood blocks; 11. a convex surface; 12. a wooden box; 13. iron sheets; 14. a circular hole; 15. a bolt; 16. metal balls with the same size and mass; 17. pellets of the same size and different mass; 18. a spring.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the present invention, the contents of the present invention will be further clarified below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Examples are given.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are all the directions or positional relationships shown on the drawings, and the objects are only for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the parts indicated must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

A kinetic energy and potential energy tester comprises: the short wood board 2 and the long wood board 1, the wood block 10 and the wood frame 6 are connected through the hinge 3, a plurality of small holes are formed in one side of the wood frame 6, the arc-shaped grooves 4 are formed in the centers of the short wood board 2 and the long wood board 1, the dividing ruler 5 is fixed on one side of the long wood board 1, the convex surface 11 matched with the grooves 4 is formed in one side of the wood block 10, and an obtuse angle or a right angle is formed between the short wood board 2 and the long wood board 1.

As shown in fig. 1, it can be used to explore the relationship between the kinetic energy of an object and the mass of the object and the relationship between the kinetic energy of an object and the velocity of the motion of the object.

At this moment, when the short wood board 2 and the long wood board 1 form an obtuse angle, the long wood board 1 is horizontally placed, the wood frame 6 surrounds three surfaces of the short wood board 2, the short wood board 2 is fixed with the wood frame 6 through the bolt 8, and the short wood board 2 can adjust the inclination angle according to the position of the fixing hole 7. The specific application method is as follows:

1. the relation between the kinetic energy of the object and the mass of the object is explored.

The wood block 10 is placed on the long wood board 1, and the circular arc convex surface 11 of the wood block 10 is placed in the circular arc groove 4 of the long wood board 1. The bolt 8 is inserted into a proper small hole to fix the short wood board 2, so that the inclination of the short wood board 2 is the best, and the best experimental effect is achieved. The big ball is put into the groove 4 of the short wood board 2 at a certain height and freely rolls down to strike the wood block 10 for a certain distance, and the distance of the wood block 10 which is struck to move is measured.

Another small ball is placed in the groove 4 at the same height, and the impacted wood block 10 freely rolls down to move for another distance, the distance of the impacted wood block 10 is measured, and the distances of the two movements are compared to draw a conclusion about the relationship between the kinetic energy of the object and the mass of the object. The large balls are here a set of large balls 9 of different mass.

2. The relation between the kinetic energy of the object and the moving speed of the object is explored.

The wood block 10 is placed on the long wood board 1, and the circular arc convex surface 11 of the wood block 10 is placed in the circular arc groove 4 of the long wood board 1. The bolt 8 is inserted into a proper small hole to fix the short wood board 2, so that the inclination of the short wood board 2 is the best, and the best experimental effect is achieved. The big ball is put in the groove 4 of the short wood board 2 at a certain height and moved for a distance by the static free rolling impact wood block 10, the distance of the impact movement of the wood block 10 is measured, the big ball is put in the groove 4 of the short wood board 2 at another height and moved for another distance by the static free rolling impact wood block 10, the distance of the impact movement of the wood block 10 is measured, the distance of the two movements is compared, and the conclusion about the relation between the kinetic energy of the object and the speed of the object movement is obtained.

As shown in fig. 2, it can be used to explore the relationship between the gravitational potential energy of the object and the mass of the object and the relationship between the gravitational potential energy of the object and the height of the object.

At this time, when the short wood board 2 and the long wood board 1 form a right angle, the short wood board 2 is horizontally placed. The wood frame 6 surrounds three surfaces of the short wood board 2, the wood frame 6 is fixed with the short wood board 2 and the long wood board 1 through the bolts 8, the short wood board 2 serves as a bottom surface, and the three surfaces of the wood frame 6 and the long wood board 1 surround a wood box 12 for placing sand. The long wood board 1 is provided with an iron sheet 13, the iron sheet 13 is fixed on the long wood board 1 through a bolt 15 and can move up and down, and the middle part of the iron sheet 13 is provided with two big holes. The specific application method is as follows:

1. the relation between the gravitational potential energy of the object and the mass of the object is explored.

The wooden box 12 is filled with sand, so that the sand surface is flush with the upper surface of the wooden box 12. The iron piece 13 is fixed on the long wooden board 1 at a proper height by bolts 15. The small ball freely falls from the rest of one round hole 14 of the iron sheet 13 to hit a certain depth of sand, and then another small ball with the same size and different mass freely falls from the rest of the other big hole of the height indicating sheet to hit a certain depth of sand, and the depth of the sand hit by the two small balls is compared to obtain the experimental conclusion of the relation between the gravitational potential energy of the object and the mass of the object. Here a group of pellets 17 of the same size and different mass.

2. The relation between the gravitational potential energy of the object and the height of the object is explored.

The wooden box 12 is filled with sand, so that the sand surface is flush with the upper surface of the wooden box 12. The iron piece 13 is fixed on the long wooden board 1 at a proper height by bolts 15. The small ball falls freely from a round hole 14 of the iron sheet 13 from rest, is hammered into sand to a certain depth, and then the iron sheet 13 is fixed on the long wood board 1 at another height by a bolt 15. And (3) enabling another small ball with the same size and mass to freely fall from the other round hole 14 of the iron sheet 13 from a static state to hit the sand to another depth, and comparing the depths of the two small balls hitting the sand to obtain an experimental conclusion of the relation between the gravitational potential energy of the object and the height of the object. Here a group of pellets 16 of the same size and mass.

As shown in fig. 3, it can be used to study the relationship between the elastic potential energy and the deformation degree (compressed length) of the spring 18 and the relationship between the elastic potential energy and the material of the spring 18.

At this moment, when being the right angle between short plank 2 and the long plank 1, and long plank 1 level is placed, and the wooden frame 6 encloses at the trilateral of short plank 2, and wooden frame 6 is fixed with short plank 2 through bolt 8 respectively, and the recess 4 bottom fixedly connected with spring 18's of short plank 2 one end, the spring 18 other end are the free end. The specific application method is as follows:

1. the relationship between the elastic potential energy and the degree of deformation (compressed length) of the spring 18 was investigated.

The wood block 10 is placed on the long wood board 1, and the circular arc convex surface 11 of the wood block 10 is placed in the circular arc groove 4 of the long wood board 1. One end of the spring 18 is fixed at the bottom of the groove 4 of the short wood board 2, a small ball is placed at the other end of the spring 18 by hand, the spring 18 is compressed to a certain length by the small ball, the spring 18 bounces the small ball to impact the wood block 10 to move for a certain distance after the hand is released, and the moving distance of the wood block 10 is recorded. The spring 18 is compressed to another length by the same ball, and the spring 18 bounces the ball away to impact the wood block 10 to move another distance after the hand is released, and the other distance moved by the wood block 10 is recorded. The distance of the two movements of the wood block 10 is compared to obtain an experimental conclusion about the relationship between the elastic potential energy and the deformation degree (the length of the compressed spring) of the spring 18.

2. The relationship of the elastic potential energy to the material of the spring 18 is explored.

The wood block 10 is placed on the long wood board 1, and the circular arc convex surface 11 of the wood block 10 is placed in the circular arc groove 4 of the long wood board 1. One end of a spring 18 is fixed at the bottom of the groove 4 of the short wood board 2, a small ball is placed at the other end of the spring 18 by hand, the spring 18 is compressed to a certain length by the small ball, the compressed position is recorded, the spring 18 bounces the small ball to impact the moving distance of the wood block 10 after the hand is released, and the moving distance of the wood block 10 is recorded. Another spring 18 with the same length, the same wire diameter and the same outer diameter and different materials is placed at the same position, the other spring 18 is compressed to the same length by the same small ball, the spring 18 bounces the small ball after the hand is loosened and impacts the wood block 10 to move for another distance, and the other distance moved by the wood block 10 is recorded. Comparing the distance traveled by the two blocks 10, an experimental conclusion is drawn as to the magnitude of the elastic potential energy in relation to the material of the spring 18.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A kinetic energy and potential energy tester is characterized by comprising: the three-side wood frame comprises a short wood board, a long wood board, a wood block and three-side wood frames which are connected through hinges, wherein a plurality of small holes are formed in one side of each wood frame, arc-shaped grooves are formed in the centers of the short wood board and the long wood board, graduated scales are fixed on one side of each long wood board, a convex surface matched with the grooves is formed in one side of each wood block, and the short wood board and the long wood board are in obtuse angles or right angles;