CN211875012U

CN211875012U - Air spring and suspension

Info

Publication number: CN211875012U
Application number: CN202020076703.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵魏魏; 陈佰活; 吕高峰; 王刚
Original assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Current assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-01-14
Filing date: 2020-01-14
Publication date: 2020-11-06
Anticipated expiration: 2030-01-14

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the suspension, especially, relate to an air spring and suspension, this air spring include mount pad, gasbag, buffer block, mount pad and hydraulic means down, hydraulic means includes urceolus, inner tube, piston, connecting rod and limiting plate, form interior chamber in the inner tube, form between urceolus and the inner tube with the outer cavity of interior chamber intercommunication, piston sliding connection is in the interior chamber, the limiting plate sets up just be located in the gasbag the below of buffer block, the lower extreme of connecting rod is connected on the piston, wear out the upper end of connecting rod interior chamber is fixed the lower surface of limiting plate, be provided with the damping device who is arranged in the damping of the hydraulic oil that flows in the piston motion process on the piston. The utility model discloses an air spring, hydraulic means's damping can combine whole car performance requirement to carry out individualized regulation, realizes whole car to the individualized rigidity demand of air spring.

Description

Air spring and suspension

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the suspension, especially, relate to an air spring and suspension.

Background

When the vehicle runs under different load bearing conditions and passes through different road conditions, the carriage and the chassis can move relatively due to the uneven road surface and the influence of the load, and the carriage vibrates up and down. In order to improve the comfort during driving, springs and dampers are added at the connecting parts which generate relative movement to buffer and damp the vibration. The effect of spring is impact and vibration that the buffering chassis produced because of the road surface excitation, and the vibration that the isolation excitation produced transmits to the automobile body to promote passenger's comfort. Along with the continuous lifting requirement of riding comfort, the air suspension is widely popularized, and the air spring plays a vital role in buffering vibration and improving comfort in the whole suspension.

As shown in fig. 1, the conventional air spring mainly includes an upper mounting seat 1a, an air bag 2a, a cushion block 3a, and a lower mounting seat 4 a. When the vehicle runs on a rough and uneven road, vibration is generated between the carriage and the chassis through road excitation under different loads, the lower mounting seat 4a in the air spring is connected with the axle, the road vibration is transmitted to the lower mounting seat 4a through the axle, the air bag 2a is inflated through the air pump, the vehicle body postures of the whole vehicle are met under different air pressure conditions, and the vibration buffering effect is achieved. The upper mounting seat 1a is fixed on a carriage, the lower mounting seat 4a is fixed at the end of a vehicle axle, and the upper end and the lower end of the air bag 2a are respectively in sealing fit with the upper mounting seat 1a and the lower mounting seat 4 a. The buffer block 3a inside the air bag plays a role in buffering and limiting at the vibration limit position. Under the condition of different states, the whole vehicle can buffer the up-and-down vibration through the inherent rigidity of the air bag 3a, and finally the whole comfort of passengers is improved.

However, the two ends of the existing air spring are connected with the carriage and the axle, the height of the vehicle body is adjusted according to load change, the rigidity of the air spring is passively adjusted in a matching way with the whole vehicle, and the application range is limited. The up-and-down vibration generated by road excitation can only be buffered and transited by the air spring when the vehicle runs, and the rigidity adjusting range is limited, so that the individualized adjustment can not be carried out according to different loads and road conditions to adapt to the matching of the air spring and the whole vehicle parameters, the whole comfort is greatly influenced finally, and passengers often feel uncomfortable during the up-and-down vibration and bumping of the whole vehicle.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses the technical problem that will solve is: the air spring and the suspension are provided aiming at the problem that the existing air spring can only be buffered and transited by the air spring and cannot be adjusted individually according to different loads and road conditions.

In order to solve the above technical problem, in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an air spring, including an upper mounting seat, an air bag, a buffer block, and a lower mounting seat, wherein the upper mounting seat is connected to an upper end opening of the air bag in a sealing manner, the lower mounting seat is connected to a lower end opening of the air bag in a sealing manner, the buffer block is disposed in the air bag and fixed to the upper mounting seat, the air spring further includes a hydraulic device disposed on the lower mounting seat, the hydraulic device includes an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a piston, a connecting rod, and a limiting plate, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are fixed to the lower mounting seat, the inner cylinder is disposed inside the outer cylinder, upper and lower ends of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are sealed, an inner chamber is formed in the inner cylinder, an outer chamber communicated with the inner chamber is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the limiting plate sets up just be located in the gasbag the below of buffer block, the lower extreme of connecting rod is connected on the piston, wear out the upper end of connecting rod the inner chamber is fixed the lower surface of limiting plate, be provided with the damping device who is arranged in adjusting the damping of the hydraulic oil that flows in the inner chamber in the piston motion process on the piston.

Optionally, the outer chamber is filled with a high pressure inert gas.

Optionally, an air entrainment valve for introducing high-pressure inert gas into the outer chamber is arranged on the side wall of the outer cylinder.

Optionally, a lower chamber is formed inside the lower mounting seat, and the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are arranged in the lower chamber.

Optionally, a through hole is formed in the top of the lower mounting seat, and the upper end of the outer cylinder is fixed in the through hole;

the hydraulic device also comprises an end cover, the end cover is fixed on the inner wall of the upper end opening of the outer cylinder, the upper end of the inner cylinder is fixed below the end cover, and the lower ends of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are fixed at the bottom of the lower mounting seat;

the center of end cover is provided with the via hole, the connecting rod with the inner wall sliding seal cooperation of via hole.

Optionally, be provided with the seal ring groove on the inner wall of via hole, hydraulic means still establishes including the cover just hold in the periphery of connecting rod the sealing washer in the seal ring groove.

Optionally, an oil conduit for communicating the inner chamber with the outer chamber is arranged on the side wall of the lower end of the inner cylinder.

Optionally, the damping device is a damping valve communicated with hydraulic oil on two sides of the piston.

Optionally, the hydraulic device further comprises a positioning block arranged between the outer wall of the lower end of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the lower end of the outer cylinder.

According to the utility model discloses air spring is equipped with hydraulic means at traditional air spring internal design, and air spring's upper and lower both ends are fixed respectively on automobile body and axle, and the vibration of different ranges about producing in the vehicle traveles, under different stroke and frequency, hydraulic means's connecting rod up-and-down motion in-process, hydraulic oil produces different damping characteristic through the damping device on the piston, supplyes air spring self rigidity defect. The air spring realizes self hydraulic buffering due to the addition of the hydraulic device, meets different rigidity requirements, and meanwhile, the damping of the hydraulic device can be adjusted in an individualized mode according to the performance requirements of the whole vehicle, so that the individualized rigidity requirements of the whole vehicle on the air spring are realized, and the comfort of the whole vehicle is finally improved.

On the other hand, the embodiment of the utility model provides a suspension, including foretell air spring, it fixes on the automobile body to go up the mount pad, the mount pad is fixed on the axle down.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art air spring;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of an air spring according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:

1. an upper mounting seat;

2. an air bag;

3. a buffer block;

4. a lower mounting seat; 41. a lower chamber;

5. a hydraulic device; 51. an outer cylinder; 511. an outer chamber; 52. an inner barrel; 521. an inner chamber; 53. a piston; 54. a connecting rod; 55. a limiting plate; 56. a damping valve; 57. a gas adding valve; 58. an end cap; 59. a seal ring; 510. an oil guide pipe; 512. positioning blocks; 513. and (5) sealing rings.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problem, technical solution and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the following description is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments to illustrate the present invention in further detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the utility model provides an air spring, be in including last mount pad 1, gasbag 2, buffer block 3, lower mount pad 4 and setting hydraulic means 5 on the mount pad 4 down, it is in to go up mount pad 1 sealing connection the upper end opening part of gasbag, mount pad 4 sealing connection is in down the lower extreme opening part of gasbag 2, buffer block 3 sets up in the gasbag 2 and fix go up on the mount pad 1.

The hydraulic device 5 comprises an outer cylinder 51, an inner cylinder 52, a piston 53, a connecting rod 54 and a limiting plate 55, wherein the outer cylinder 51 and the inner cylinder 52 are fixed on the lower mounting seat 4, the inner cylinder 52 is positioned in the outer cylinder 51, the upper end and the lower end of the outer cylinder 51 and the upper end and the lower end of the inner cylinder 52 are sealed, an inner chamber 521 is formed in the inner cylinder 52, an outer chamber 511 communicated with the inner chamber 521 is formed between the outer cylinder 51 and the inner cylinder 52, the piston 53 is connected in the inner chamber 521 in a sliding manner (a dynamic seal is formed between a sealing ring 513 sleeved on the piston 53 and the inner wall of the inner cylinder 52), the limiting plate 55 is arranged in the air bag 2 and positioned below the buffer block 3, the lower end of the connecting rod 54 is connected on the piston 53, the upper end of the connecting rod 54 penetrates out of the inner chamber 521 and is fixed on the lower surface of the limiting plate 55, and the piston 53 is provided with a damping Provided is a device. Preferably, the damping device is a damping valve 56 which is communicated with hydraulic oil on two sides of the piston 53.

In one embodiment, the outer chamber 511 is filled with a high pressure inert gas, such as nitrogen, helium, xenon, etc. Preferably, an air-entraining valve 57 for entraining the high-pressure inert gas into the outer chamber 511 is provided on a sidewall of the outer cylinder 51.

In one embodiment, the lower housing 4 forms a lower chamber 41 therein, and the outer cylinder 51 and the inner cylinder 52 are disposed in the lower chamber 41.

In one embodiment, a through hole is formed at the top of the lower mounting seat 4, and the upper end of the outer cylinder 51 is fixed in the through hole. The hydraulic device 5 further comprises an end cover 58, the end cover 58 is fixed on the inner wall of the upper end opening of the outer cylinder 51, the upper end of the inner cylinder 52 is fixed below the end cover 58, and the lower ends of the outer cylinder 51 and the inner cylinder 52 are fixed at the bottom of the lower mounting seat 4. The end cap 58 is provided with a through hole in the center thereof, and the connecting rod 54 is in sliding sealing fit with the inner wall of the through hole. Preferably, be provided with the seal ring groove on the inner wall of via hole, hydraulic means 5 still includes the cover and establishes on the periphery of connecting rod 54 and hold sealing washer 59 in the seal ring groove.

In an embodiment, an oil conduit 510 for communicating the inner chamber 521 and the outer chamber 511 is disposed on a lower end sidewall of the inner cylinder 52. Through the oil conduit 510, hydraulic oil can flow between the inner chamber 521 and the outer chamber 511.

In an embodiment, the hydraulic device 5 further includes a positioning block 512 disposed between the outer wall of the lower end of the inner cylinder 52 and the inner wall of the lower end of the outer cylinder 51.

According to the utility model discloses air spring, it is equipped with hydraulic means 5 to design at traditional air spring inside, air spring's upper and lower both ends are fixed respectively on automobile body and axle, the vibration of different ranges about producing in the vehicle traveles, limiting plate 55 connects the upper end at connecting rod 54, be filled with high-pressure inert gas because of between urceolus 51 and the inner tube 52, under different strokes and frequency, it is in operating condition all the time, it carries out the up-and-down motion through connecting rod 54 (limiting plate 55 striking buffer block 3) to remain buffer block 3 all the time, connecting rod 54 up-and-down motion in-process, hydraulic oil passes through damping valve 56 on piston 53, produce different damping characteristics, supplement air spring self rigidity defect. The air spring realizes self hydraulic buffering due to the addition of the hydraulic device 5, meets different rigidity requirements, and meanwhile, the damping of the hydraulic device 5 can be adjusted in an individualized mode according to the performance requirements of the whole vehicle, so that the individualized rigidity requirements of the whole vehicle on the air spring are realized, and the comfort of the whole vehicle is finally improved.

Additionally, the embodiment of the utility model provides a suspension is still provided, its air spring that includes above-mentioned embodiment, it fixes on the automobile body to go up mount pad 1, the mount pad is fixed on the axle down.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air spring, includes mount pad, gasbag, buffer block and mount pad down, it is in to go up mount pad sealing connection the upper end opening part of gasbag, mount pad sealing connection is in the lower extreme opening part of gasbag down, its characterized in that, the buffer block sets up in the gasbag and fixes on going up the mount pad, air spring is still including setting up hydraulic means on the mount pad down, hydraulic means includes urceolus, inner tube, piston, connecting rod and limiting plate, urceolus and inner tube are fixed on the mount pad down, the inner tube is located the inside of urceolus, the upper and lower both ends of urceolus and inner tube are sealed, form inner chamber in the inner tube, form between urceolus and the inner tube with the outer cavity of inner chamber intercommunication, piston sliding connection is in the inner chamber, the limiting plate sets up in the gasbag and be located the below of buffer block, the lower extreme of connecting rod is connected on the piston, the upper end of connecting rod is worn out interior chamber and is fixed the lower surface of limiting plate, be provided with the damping device who is arranged in the damping of the hydraulic oil that flows in the piston motion process in the piston motion on the piston.

2. The air spring of claim 1, wherein said outer chamber is filled with a high pressure inert gas.

3. The air spring of claim 2, wherein a gas filling valve is provided on a sidewall of the outer tube for filling the outer chamber with a high pressure inert gas.

4. The air spring of claim 1, wherein the interior of said lower mounting base forms a lower chamber, said outer and inner cylinders being disposed within said lower chamber.

5. The air spring of claim 1, wherein a through hole is formed in the top of the lower mounting seat, and the upper end of the outer cylinder is fixed in the through hole;

6. The air spring of claim 5, wherein a sealing ring groove is formed in an inner wall of the through hole, and the hydraulic device further comprises a sealing ring which is sleeved on an outer periphery of the connecting rod and is accommodated in the sealing ring groove.

7. The air spring according to claim 1, wherein an oil conduit for communicating the inner chamber with the outer chamber is provided on a lower end side wall of the inner tube.

8. The air spring of claim 1, wherein the damping device is a damping valve in communication with hydraulic oil on both sides of the piston.

9. The air spring of claim 1, wherein said hydraulic means further includes a locating block disposed between a lower outer wall of said inner tube and a lower inner wall of said outer tube.

10. A suspension comprising an air spring according to any of claims 1-9, wherein said upper mounting seat is fixed to a vehicle body and said lower mounting seat is fixed to a vehicle axle.