CN211861042U

CN211861042U - Potato is planted and is used machine of digging a pit

Info

Publication number: CN211861042U
Application number: CN202020447741.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑述东; 史志明; 曹亮; 陈贤
Original assignee: Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Current assignee: Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Priority date: 2020-03-31
Filing date: 2020-03-31
Publication date: 2020-11-06
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-31

Abstract

The utility model discloses a nest making machine for potato planting, which comprises a frame, a nest making device and a soil discharging device, wherein the nest making device and the soil discharging device are arranged at the bottom of the frame; the top of the frame is provided with a power box, a driving motor is arranged in the power box, an output shaft of the driving motor extends out of the side wall of the power box, and a second driving wheel is fixedly connected with the extending end of the output shaft and is connected with a first driving wheel through a belt; the nest making device comprises a supporting plate, a third rotating shaft, a supporting cylinder and an earth cutter. The utility model has simple structure and convenient movement; the nest digging process can simultaneously arrange the nest digging soil to the two sides of the nest digging, thereby reducing the soil falling amount in the nest, ensuring the potato planting depth, realizing mechanical nest digging, and solving the problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency of potato planting.

Description

Potato is planted and is used machine of digging a pit

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, particularly, relate to a potato is planted and is used machine of digging a pit.

Background

The potatoes are also named as potatoes, are native to Peru and Chilean mountainous regions, are transferred to China by Dutch persons in the middle of the 17 th century, and have more than 300 years of cultivation history in China. The potato tuber contains 8-29% of starch, protein, mineral substances, vitamins and other nutrient components, has good yield and wide adaptability, and gradually becomes important food, vegetables, feed and industrial raw materials for human beings. It can be said that potato will be one of the most promising major crops in the 21 st century. The potato sowing method comprises the following steps: firstly, ditching and planting, ditching according to the ridge distance of 50-60 cm and the depth of 10 cm, applying fertilizer in the ditch, and applying organic fertilizer on the fertilizer. And (4) sowing buds on the organic fertilizer, and separating the buds from the fertilizer as much as possible. Sowing according to the density required by the potato variety, wherein the planting distance of the early-maturing variety is 20 cm, and the planting distance of the medium-maturing variety is 25 cm. Covering soil to 6-10 cm. Under the condition of medium land strength, more than 5000 holes are guaranteed to be planted per mu. And secondly, digging pits for planting, digging pits according to the interval of 25-30 cm for avoiding aggravation of soil-borne diseases and insect pests caused by continuous cropping of the potatoes, applying fertilizer in the pits, and sowing bud blocks on the fertilizer. At the present stage, two planting modes of the potatoes are carried out manually by adopting traditional planting tools such as contacts and the like, and the two planting modes are high in labor intensity and low in efficiency.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a nest making machine for potato planting, which has simple structure and convenient movement; the nest digging process can simultaneously arrange the nest digging soil to the two sides of the nest digging, thereby reducing the soil falling amount in the nest, ensuring the potato planting depth, realizing mechanical nest digging, and solving the problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency of potato planting.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a nest making machine for potato planting comprises a rack, a nest making device and a soil discharging device, wherein the nest making device and the soil discharging device are arranged at the bottom of the rack; the top of the rack is provided with a power box, a driving motor is arranged in the power box, an output shaft of the driving motor extends out of the side wall of the power box, a second driving wheel is fixedly connected with the extending end of the output shaft, and the second driving wheel is connected with a first driving wheel through a belt; the nest making device comprises two circular plates, the circumferential surfaces of the two supporting plates are fixedly connected with the bottom of the frame, supporting holes are formed in the two supporting plates along the axes of the two supporting plates, bearings matched with the supporting holes are fixedly arranged in the supporting holes, the two supporting plates and the third rotating shaft are respectively connected in a rotating mode through the bearings, the supporting cylinders are fixedly sleeved on the third rotating shaft and arranged between the two supporting plates, the digging knives are provided with a plurality of annular knives, the annular knives are arranged on the circumferential surfaces of the supporting cylinders, one ends of the digging knives are open, the other ends of the digging knives are closed, the closed ends of the digging knives are fixedly connected with the connecting rods, and included angles of 60-70 degrees are formed between the axes of the digging knives and the axes of the connecting rods, the third rotating shaft is connected with a first rotating motor in a transmission manner.

The soil discharging device comprises a conveying belt and two soil separating pipes, the conveying belt is driven by a second rotating motor and fixedly connected with the frame, the conveying belt is located under the condition that an opening of the digging cutter is vertically downward, the soil separating device is fixedly connected with the frame and comprises a soil receiving hopper and two material separating pipes, the soil receiving hopper is arranged below the conveying belt far away from the digging cutter, the two material separating pipes are obliquely and downwards arranged, one ends of the two material separating pipes are fixedly connected with the opening at the bottom of the soil receiving hopper respectively, and the other ends of the two material separating pipes are located on two sides of the soil receiving hopper perpendicular to the advancing direction of the hole making machine respectively.

The working principle is as follows: the driving motor drives the output shaft to rotate and the second transmission wheel drives the first transmission wheel to rotate so as to realize that the driving wheel rotates to drive the nest making machine to move forward. The hole digging device starts hole digging during the advancing process of the hole digging machine, the hole digging process is that the first rotating motor drives the third rotating shaft to rotate (the transmission connection mode of the third rotating shaft and the first rotating motor is that the first rotating motor is fixed on the frame, the output shaft of the first rotating motor is vertically arranged downwards, one end part of the third rotating shaft extends out of the supporting plate, a first bevel gear is fixedly sleeved at the extending end, a second bevel gear meshed with the first bevel gear is sleeved at the end part of the output shaft of the first rotating motor, the output shaft of the first rotating motor rotates to drive the second bevel gear to rotate, the second bevel gear drives the first bevel gear to rotate), and the earth digging knives arranged on the supporting cylinders synchronously rotate. When the digging cutter rotates, the opening end of the digging cutter cuts soil, and the cut soil is collected by the digging cutter. The support plates support members arranged between the support plates in the pit digging process, an open slot is formed in the rack right above the digging cutter, and when the digging cutter rotates to the upper end, the open slot penetrates through the rack to complete continuous rotation. The digging cutter continues to rotate after digging, when the digging cutter rotates to the opening of the digging cutter is vertically downward, soil in the digging cutter falls onto the conveying belt under the action of gravity, the conveying belt drives the soil to move under the action of the second rotating motor, the soil is conveyed into the soil receiving hopper after moving to the tail end of the conveying belt, the cross section of the soil receiving hopper is square, the corresponding material distributing pipe is also a square pipe, and the soil receiving hopper and the material distributing pipe are conveniently connected and sealed through the arrangement. The soil is further discharged to the two sides of the beaten nest by the material distributing pipe under the action of gravity. Meanwhile, the digging or the ditching can be realized by setting the number of the digging knives, for example, when one or two digging knives are used, the digging action is discontinuous, and the digging is carried out at the moment; when the number of the earth cutters is 6 or more, the next earth cutter continues to operate after the operation of one earth cutter is finished, so that the continuity of the earth cutting operation, namely, the trenching operation, can be realized. The corresponding digging and ditching processes can respectively correspond to two seeding methods of the potatoes, so that the potato planter has two purposes, and the application range of the digging machine is expanded. The utility model has simple structure and convenient movement; the nest digging process can simultaneously arrange the nest digging soil to the two sides of the nest digging, thereby reducing the soil falling amount in the nest, ensuring the potato planting depth, realizing mechanical nest digging, and solving the problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency of potato planting.

Preferably, the inner wall of the digging cutter is provided with sliding chutes along the axial direction, the sliding chutes are four and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the digging cutter, a soil falling plate matched with the digging cutter is arranged in the digging cutter, and the soil falling plate is uniformly provided with four sliding blocks matched with the sliding chutes along the circumferential surface of the soil falling plate. The earth-digging cutter collects earth in the pit digging process and is arranged on the earth falling plate and made of materials with high density. When the opening of the soil digging knife is vertically downward, the soil falling plate falls under the action of gravity, the sliding block on the soil falling plate moves along the sliding groove, and at the moment, the soil falling plate drives soil in the soil digging knife to fall out. The soil falling plate is convenient for soil in the digging cutter to be discharged, can effectively prevent soil from adhering to the inner wall of the digging cutter and being incapable of being discharged to influence digging, and can effectively guarantee normal operation of the digging machine.

Preferably, the driving wheel and the driven wheel have the same structure, the driving wheel comprises two circular baffles, the first plate body is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of each circular baffle, the surface, far away from the circular baffles, of the first plate body is perpendicularly connected with the second plate body, the first rotating shaft penetrates through the two circular baffles, and the first rotating shaft is coaxial with the two circular baffles. The driving wheel and the driven wheel adopt a frame structure to replace a traditional roller structure, and the circumferential surface formed by the side wall of the second plate body forms a grouser structure. In the action wheel rotation process, the second plate body can be inserted into soil, so that the friction force between the second plate body and the soil is increased, the problem that the nest making operation cannot be carried out due to slippage in a land parcel with high humidity is avoided, and the nest making machine is not limited by the soil humidity.

Preferably, the driving wheel and the driven wheel have the same structure, the driven wheel comprises a connecting seat, a rotating shaft and two buffer springs, the connecting seat is fixedly connected with the frame, one end of the connecting seat, which is far away from the frame, is fixedly connected with a fixed plate, one side of the fixed plate, which is far away from the connecting seat, is symmetrically provided with two first positioning posts and two side plates, the two side plates are positioned between the two first positioning posts, the side plates are respectively provided with a limiting groove penetrating through the side plates, the two limiting grooves correspond to each other, the rotating shaft penetrates through the two limiting grooves and is respectively provided with a mounting seat at two ends of the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is provided with a roller wheel, the roller wheel is arranged between the two side plates, the upper surface of the mounting seat is provided with a second positioning post corresponding to the first positioning post, one end of each buffer, and two ends of the buffer spring are respectively sleeved on the first positioning column and the second positioning column. The driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged to facilitate the movement of the nest making machine. The buffer spring who sets up can play the effect of shock attenuation buffering, reduces rocking that the motion process of the nest forming machine appears, has improved the stability of the process of digging a nest.

Preferably, the gyro wheel top is provided with the scraper, the scraper is the arc piece, the scraper width with the wheel width of gyro wheel is the same, scraper both ends are most advanced, most advanced is triangle-shaped, the most advanced of scraper is close to the surface of gyro wheel. The mud scraper arranged above the roller can remove mud on the roller, so that the phenomenon that the roller is covered with too much mud to influence the movement of the roller is avoided, and the smooth movement of the roller is guaranteed.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1) the utility model has simple structure and convenient movement; the nest digging process can simultaneously arrange the nest digging soil to the two sides of the nest digging, thereby reducing the soil falling amount in the nest, ensuring the potato planting depth, realizing mechanical nest digging, and solving the problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency of potato planting.

2) The soil falling plate is convenient for soil in the digging cutter to be discharged, can effectively prevent soil from adhering to the inner wall of the digging cutter and being incapable of being discharged to influence digging, and can effectively guarantee normal operation of the digging machine.

3) In the action wheel rotation process, the second plate body can be inserted into soil, so that the friction force between the second plate body and the soil is increased, the problem that the nest making operation cannot be carried out due to slippage in a land parcel with high humidity is avoided, and the nest making machine is not limited by the soil humidity.

4) The driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged to facilitate the movement of the nest making machine. The buffer spring who sets up can play the effect of shock attenuation buffering, reduces rocking that the motion process of the nest forming machine appears, has improved the stability of the process of digging a nest.

5) The mud scraper arranged above the roller can remove mud on the roller, so that the phenomenon that the roller is covered with too much mud to influence the movement of the roller is avoided, and the smooth movement of the roller is guaranteed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the nest making machine for potato planting of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a nest making device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a soil falling plate in the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a driving wheel in embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a driven wheel in embodiment 4 of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a mud scraper according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the rack in the embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a frame; 11. an open slot; 2. a nest making device; 21. a support plate; 211. a bearing; 22. a third rotating shaft; 221. a first bevel gear; 222. a second bevel gear; 223. a first rotating electric machine; 23. a support cylinder; 24. digging a soil cutter; 25. a connecting rod; 26. a chute; 27. a soil falling plate; 28. a slider; 3. a soil discharging device; 31. a conveyor belt; 32. a soil divider; 321. a soil receiving hopper; 322. distributing pipes; 4. a driving wheel; 41. a first rotating shaft; 42. a first drive pulley; 43. a circular baffle; 44. a first plate body; 45. a second plate body; 5. a driven wheel; 51. a second rotating shaft; 52. a connecting seat; 53. a rotating shaft; 54. a buffer spring; 55. a fixing plate; 551. a first positioning post; 552. a side plate; 553. a limiting groove; 56. a mounting seat; 57. a roller; 58. a second positioning column; 6. a power box; 61. a second transmission wheel; 62. a belt; 7. a mud scraper.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-8, the present invention provides a technical solution:

example 1:

as shown in fig. 1-8, a nest making machine for potato planting comprises a frame 1, a nest making device 2 and a soil discharging device 3 which are arranged at the bottom of the frame 1, wherein a driving wheel 4 and a driven wheel 5 are arranged at the bottom of the frame 1, the driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 5 are respectively and rotatably connected with the frame 1 through a first rotating shaft 41 and a second rotating shaft 51, and a first driving wheel 42 is fixedly arranged at the end part of the first rotating shaft 41; the top of the rack 1 is provided with a power box 6, a driving motor is arranged in the power box 6, an output shaft of the driving motor extends out of the side wall of the power box 6, a second driving wheel 61 is fixedly connected with the extending end of the output shaft, and the second driving wheel 61 is connected with the first driving wheel 42 through a belt 62; the nest making device 2 comprises two support plates 21, a third rotating shaft 22, a support cylinder 23 and digging knives 24, the support plates 21 are circular plates, the circumferential surfaces of the two support plates 21 are fixedly connected with the bottom of the frame 1, the two support plates 21 are respectively provided with a support hole along the axis thereof, a bearing 211 matched with the support hole is fixedly arranged in the support holes, the two support plates 21 and the third rotating shaft 22 are respectively rotatably connected through the bearing 211, the support cylinder 23 is fixedly sleeved on the third rotating shaft 22, the support cylinder 23 is arranged between the two support plates 21, the digging knives 24 are provided with a plurality of annular knives, the annular knives are arranged on the circumferential surfaces of the support cylinders 23, the plurality of digging knives 24 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential surfaces of the support cylinders 23, the digging knives 24 are annular knives with one open end and the other closed end, and the closed ends of the digging knives 24 are fixedly connected with the connecting rods 25, the included angle between the axis of the digging cutter 24 and the axis of the connecting rod 25 is 60-70 degrees, and the third rotating shaft 22 is driven by a first rotating motor 223.

The soil discharging device 3 comprises a conveyor belt 31 and soil dividers 32, the conveyor belt 31 is driven by a second rotating motor, the conveyor belt 31 is fixedly connected with the rack 1, the conveyor belt 31 is positioned under the opening of the soil cutter 24 when the opening is vertically downward, the soil dividers 32 are fixedly connected with the rack 1, each soil divider 32 comprises a soil receiving hopper 321 and a material dividing pipe 322, the soil receiving hopper 321 is arranged below the conveyor belt 31 far away from the soil cutter 24, the material dividing pipes 322 are provided with two, the material dividing pipes 322 are obliquely and downwardly arranged, one ends of the two material dividing pipes 322 are respectively and fixedly connected with the opening end of the bottom of the soil receiving hopper 321, and the other ends of the two material dividing pipes 322 are respectively positioned at two sides of the soil receiving hopper 321 perpendicular to the advancing direction of the heading machine.

The working principle is as follows: the driving motor drives the output shaft to rotate and the second transmission wheel 61 drives the first transmission wheel 42 to rotate, so that the driving wheel 4 rotates to drive the nest making machine to advance. The heading device 2 starts heading during the heading process of the heading machine, the heading process is that the first rotating motor 223 drives the third rotating shaft 22 to rotate (the third rotating shaft and the first rotating motor are in transmission connection in a way that the first rotating motor 223 is fixed on the frame 1, the output shaft of the first rotating motor 223 is vertically arranged downwards, one end of the third rotating shaft 22 extends out of the support plate 21, the extending end is fixedly sleeved with a first bevel gear 221, the end of the output shaft of the first rotating motor 223 is sleeved with a second bevel gear 222 meshed with the first bevel gear 221, the output shaft of the first rotating motor 223 rotates to drive the second bevel gear 222 to rotate, the second bevel gear 222 drives the first bevel gear 221 to rotate, the transmission modes of the first rotating motor and the third rotating shaft are not limited to gear transmission, and can also be used for transmission through a belt and a belt pulley, which is a conventional technical means and is not described herein in detail), and the digging cutters 24 arranged on the support cylinders. The opening end of the blade 24 cuts the soil as it rotates, and the cut soil is collected by the blade 24. The support plates 21 support the components arranged between the support plates 21 in the nesting process, and the frame 1 positioned right above the digging cutter 24 is provided with an open slot 11, and when the digging cutter 24 rotates to the upper end, the open slot 11 passes through to complete continuous rotation. The digging cutter 24 continues to rotate after digging, when the digging cutter 24 rotates to the opening of the digging cutter to be vertical and downward, soil in the digging cutter 24 falls onto the conveyor belt 31 under the action of gravity, the conveyor belt 31 drives the soil to move under the action of the second rotating motor, the soil is conveyed to the soil receiving hopper 321 after moving to the tail end of the conveyor belt 31, the cross section of the soil receiving hopper 321 is square, the corresponding distributing pipe 322 is also a square pipe, and the soil receiving hopper 321 and the distributing pipe 322 are conveniently connected and sealed through the arrangement. The soil is further discharged to both sides of the drilled socket by the distributing pipe 322 under the action of gravity. Meanwhile, the digging or ditching can be realized by setting the number of the digging knives 24, for example, when one or two digging knives 24 are used, the digging action is discontinuous, and the digging is carried out at the moment; when the number of the earth-moving blades 24 is 6 or more, the next earth-moving blade 24 continues to operate after the operation of one earth-moving blade 24 is finished, so that the continuity of the earth-moving operation, in this case, trenching, can be realized. The corresponding digging and ditching processes are respectively corresponding to two seeding methods of the potatoes, so that the potato planter has two purposes, and the application range of the digging machine is enlarged. The utility model has simple structure and convenient movement; the nest digging process can simultaneously arrange the nest digging soil to the two sides of the nest digging, thereby reducing the soil falling amount in the nest, ensuring the potato planting depth, realizing mechanical nest digging, and solving the problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency of potato planting.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 1 and 4, in this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, sliding grooves 26 are axially formed in an inner wall of the digging blade 24, four sliding grooves 26 are uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction of the digging blade 24, upper and lower ends of the sliding grooves 26 do not exceed upper and lower ends of the digging blade 24, a soil falling plate 27 matched with the digging blade 24 is arranged in the digging blade 24, and four sliding blocks 28 matched with the sliding grooves 26 are uniformly arranged along a circumferential surface of the soil falling plate 27. The blades 24 collect soil during the nesting process and are made of dense material on the fall plate 27. A stop block for preventing the slide block from being taken out is fixedly arranged at one end of the sliding groove 26 far away from the support rod 25. When the opening of the digging blade 24 is vertically downward, the falling plate 27 falls under the action of gravity, the slide block 28 on the falling plate moves along the slide groove 26, and the falling plate 27 drives the soil in the digging blade 24 to fall out. The soil falling plate 27 is convenient for soil in the digging cutter 24 to be discharged, can effectively prevent soil from adhering to the inner wall of the digging cutter 24 and being incapable of being discharged to influence pit digging, and can effectively guarantee normal operation of the pit digging machine.

Example 3:

as shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, the driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 5 have the same structure, the driving wheel 4 includes two circular baffles 43, first plate bodies 44 are fixedly connected to circumferential surfaces of the two circular baffles 43, a second plate body 45 is vertically connected to a surface of the first plate body 44, which is far away from the circular baffles 43, the first rotating shaft 41 penetrates through the two circular baffles 43, and the first rotating shaft 41 is coaxial with the two circular baffles 43. The driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 5 adopt a frame structure to replace the traditional roller 57 structure, and the circumferential surface formed by the side wall of the second plate body 45 forms a grouser structure. In the rotation process of the driving wheel 4, the second plate body 45 can be inserted into soil, so that the friction force between the second plate body and the soil is increased, the problem that the digging operation cannot be carried out due to the fact that the second plate body slips in a land with high humidity is avoided, and therefore the digging machine is not limited by the humidity of the soil.

Example 4:

as shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, the driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 5 have the same structure, the driven wheel 5 includes a connecting seat 52, a rotating shaft 53 and two buffer springs 54, the connecting seat 52 is fixedly connected with the frame 1, a fixing plate 55 is fixedly connected to an end of the connecting seat 52 away from the frame 1, two first positioning posts 551 and two side plates 552 are symmetrically arranged on one side of the fixing plate 55 away from the connecting seat 52, the two side plates 552 are located between the two first positioning posts 551, each side plate 552 is provided with a limiting groove 553 penetrating through the side plate 552, the two limiting grooves 553 correspond, the rotating shaft 53 penetrates through the two limiting grooves 553 and is respectively provided with a mounting seat 56 at two ends of the rotating shaft 53, the rotating shaft 53 is provided with a roller 57, the roller 57 is arranged between the two side plates 552, the upper surface of the mounting seat 56 is provided with a second positioning post 58 corresponding to the first, one end of the buffer spring 54 is connected to the fixing plate 55, the other end of the buffer spring 54 is connected to the mounting seat 56, and two ends of the buffer spring 54 are respectively sleeved on the first positioning post 551 and the second positioning post 58. The driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 5 are arranged to facilitate the movement of the nest making machine. The buffer spring 54 can play a role in damping and buffering, so that the shaking of the motion process of the nest making machine is reduced, and the stability of the nest making process is improved.

Example 5:

as shown in fig. 7, in this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 4, a scraper 7 is disposed above the roller 57, the scraper 7 is an arc-shaped piece, the width of the scraper 7 is the same as the wheel width of the roller 57, two ends of the scraper 7 are tips, the tips are triangular, and the tips of the scraper 7 are close to the outer surface of the roller 57. The mud scraper 7 arranged above the roller 57 can remove mud on the roller 57, so that the phenomenon that the roller 57 is covered with too much mud to influence the movement of the roller 57 is avoided, and the smooth movement of the roller 57 is guaranteed.

The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise forms disclosed herein, and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. But that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be limited only by the claims appended hereto.

Claims

1. A nest making machine for potato planting is characterized by comprising a rack, a nest making device and a soil discharging device, wherein the nest making device and the soil discharging device are arranged at the bottom of the rack; the top of the rack is provided with a power box, a driving motor is arranged in the power box, an output shaft of the driving motor extends out of the side wall of the power box, a second driving wheel is fixedly connected with the extending end of the output shaft, and the second driving wheel is connected with a first driving wheel through a belt; the nest making device comprises two circular plates, the circumferential surfaces of the two supporting plates are fixedly connected with the bottom of the frame, supporting holes are formed in the two supporting plates along the axes of the two supporting plates, bearings matched with the supporting holes are fixedly arranged in the supporting holes, the two supporting plates and the third rotating shaft are respectively connected in a rotating mode through the bearings, the supporting cylinders are fixedly sleeved on the third rotating shaft and arranged between the two supporting plates, the digging knives are provided with a plurality of annular knives, the annular knives are open at one end and closed at the other end, the closed ends of the digging knives are fixedly connected with the connecting rods, and included angles of 60-70 degrees are formed between the axes of the digging knives and the axes of the connecting rods, the third rotating shaft is in transmission connection with a first rotating motor;

2. The nest breaking machine for potato planting according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the digging cutter is provided with four sliding grooves along the axial direction, the four sliding grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the digging cutter, a soil falling plate matched with the digging cutter is arranged in the digging cutter, and the soil falling plate is uniformly provided with four sliding blocks matched with the sliding grooves along the circumferential surface of the soil falling plate.

3. The potato planting dimpling machine of claim 1, wherein the drive wheel and the driven wheel are identical in structure, the drive wheel comprises two circular baffles, a first plate body is fixedly connected to the circumferential surfaces of the two circular baffles, a second plate body is vertically connected to the surface, far away from the circular baffles, of the first plate body, the first rotating shaft penetrates through the two circular baffles, and the first rotating shaft is coaxial with the two circular baffles.

4. The nest breaking machine for potato planting according to claim 1, wherein the driving wheel and the driven wheel are identical in structure, the driven wheel comprises a connecting seat, a rotating shaft and two buffer springs, the connecting seat is fixedly connected with the frame, a fixing plate is fixedly connected with one end of the connecting seat away from the frame, two first positioning posts and two side plates are symmetrically arranged on one side of the fixing plate away from the connecting seat, the two side plates are positioned between the two first positioning posts, limiting grooves penetrating through the side plates are arranged on the side plates, the two limiting grooves correspond to each other, the rotating shaft penetrates through the two limiting grooves, mounting seats are respectively arranged at two ends of the rotating shaft, rollers are arranged on the rotating shaft and are arranged between the two side plates, a second positioning post corresponding to the first positioning post is arranged on the upper surface of the mounting seat, and one end of each buffer spring is connected with the fixing plate, the other end of the buffer spring is connected with the mounting seat, and two ends of the buffer spring are respectively sleeved on the first positioning column and the second positioning column.

5. The nest breaking machine for potato planting according to claim 4, wherein a scraper is arranged above the roller, the scraper is an arc-shaped piece, the width of the scraper is the same as the width of the roller, two ends of the scraper are tips, the tips are triangular, and the tips of the scraper are close to the outer surface of the roller.