CN211854011U

CN211854011U - Combustor and heat accumulating type combustion system thereof

Info

Publication number: CN211854011U
Application number: CN201922155084.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈建波; 熊德云
Original assignee: Yueyang Lianchuang Thermal Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Yueyang Lianchuang Thermal Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-05
Filing date: 2019-12-05
Publication date: 2020-11-03
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-05

Abstract

The utility model relates to a burner and a heat accumulating type combustion system thereof, wherein the burner comprises a burner main body and a nozzle mechanism; the nozzle mechanism is arranged in a hollow cavity of the burner main body and divides the burner main body into a vestibule area and a secondary air mixed combustion area; the nozzle mechanism is horizontally communicated with a swirl channel and a direct-flow channel, and the direct-flow channel is used for communicating the vestibule region with the secondary air mixed combustion region; the nozzle mechanism is also provided with an air and gas mixing area and a primary air mixing and burning area, the rotational flow channel, the air and gas mixing area and the primary air mixing and burning area are sequentially communicated, and the primary air mixing and burning area is communicated with the secondary air mixing and burning area; the burner main body is provided with a gas channel which penetrates through the burner main body and is communicated with the air and gas mixing area to supply gas; the primary air mixed combustion area is provided with an ignition gun for ignition. Air enters the air-gas mixing zone through the turbulent flow of the rotational flow channel of the burner to be fully mixed, and the discharge amount of NOx is greatly reduced through sectional combustion.

Description

Combustor and heat accumulating type combustion system thereof

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a combustor technical field especially relates to a combustor and heat accumulation formula combustion system thereof.

Background

The burner is a generic term for a device that injects fuel and air in a certain manner for mixed combustion. The industrial burner is one of the burners, and is particularly widely used in the industrial field.

Industrial burners are commonly called burners, and have various types and specifications, and include fuel oil, gas (coal gas) and coal (coal powder/coal water slurry).

The existing gas burner generally mixes gas with air once and then ignites for combustion. In this way, there is insufficient mixing of the gas and air during mixing, and it is often difficult to ensure the amount of air in the mixture. Because the excess air can cause heat loss along with air dissipation, the heat utilization rate and the heat efficiency are greatly reduced; however, insufficient air can cause insufficient combustion of gas, a large amount of carbon monoxide or residual gas is generated, energy waste is caused, and great potential safety hazards exist.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the utility model discloses a combustor and heat accumulation formula combustion system thereof, this combustor can make air and gas fully mixed, and the burning is complete, and the thermal efficiency improves, and the energy consumption reduces, has reduced the consumption of fuel.

A burner includes a burner body and a nozzle mechanism;

the nozzle mechanism is arranged in a hollow cavity of the burner main body and divides the burner main body into a semi-open vestibule area and a secondary air mixed combustion area;

a rotational flow channel and a direct flow channel for air to pass through are horizontally communicated with the nozzle mechanism, and the direct flow channel is used for communicating the vestibular region with the secondary air mixed combustion region;

the nozzle mechanism is also provided with an air and gas mixing area and a primary air mixing and burning area, the rotational flow channel, the air and gas mixing area and the primary air mixing and burning area are sequentially communicated, and the primary air mixing and burning area is communicated with a secondary air mixing and burning area;

the burner main body is provided with a gas channel which penetrates through the burner main body and is communicated with the air and gas mixing area to supply gas;

and the primary air mixed combustion area is provided with an ignition gun for ignition.

Preferably, the burner body is of a cylindrical structure.

Preferably, the open end inlet of the vestibular region of the burner body is inclined.

Preferably, the combustor further comprises an end cover, and the end cover is arranged at the horizontal end of the vestibular area of the combustor main body.

Preferably, the gas burner further comprises a gas nozzle, the gas channel is an annular gas channel surrounding the burner body, and the gas nozzle is used for communicating the annular gas channel with the air and gas mixing area.

Preferably, the gas spray pipes are multiple and are uniformly distributed and connected with the annular gas channel.

Preferably, the annular gas channel inlet is provided with a sealing ring for sealing the interface.

Preferably, the device further comprises a flame monitor for monitoring flame, wherein the flame monitor is arranged in the secondary air mixing combustion area.

A heat accumulating type combustion system comprises an air heating box for heating air, a smelting furnace for melting metal, a flue gas heat absorption box for absorbing the heat of flue gas and a plurality of burners;

the burner comprises a working burner for providing heat for the smelting furnace and a non-working burner for outputting the smoke of the smelting furnace;

the air heating box is connected with the working burner;

the smoke heat absorption box is connected with the non-working combustor;

the smoke heat absorption box is in heat exchange connection with the air heating box;

the working burner and the non-working burner are connected with the furnace.

Preferably, the working burner, the air heating box and the non-working burner and the smoke heat absorption box are switchable.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: in the burner, air enters an air-gas mixing zone through a turbulent flow of a rotational flow channel of the burner and is fully mixed with gas, so that the mixed gas is fully combusted in a primary air mixing combustion zone, part of the gas which is not fully combusted enters a secondary air mixing combustion zone, and the gas is fully combusted with excessive air entering from a direct flow channel in the secondary air mixing combustion zone, thereby greatly improving the heat efficiency and reducing the fuel consumption; the primary air mixed combustion area and the secondary air mixed combustion area are used for combustion in a sectional mode, secondary combustion-supporting air is added into the secondary air mixed combustion area, the flame temperature and the lower nitrogen content of the secondary air mixed combustion area are controlled, the discharge amount of NOx is greatly reduced, and the environment is protected; the heat accumulating type combustion system with the burner enables air entering the system to exchange heat with exhausted flue gas, enables heat to be recycled, achieves energy conservation and emission reduction, and improves economic benefits.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional front view of a burner;

FIG. 2 is a schematic right sectional view of the burner;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of the burner;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a regenerative combustion system.

Reference numerals

11 burner body 12 nozzle mechanism

13 end cover 14 gas channel

15 sealing ring 16 gas nozzle

17 flame monitor 18 ignition gun

111 air inlet 112 secondary air mixed combustion area

113 vestibular region 121 swirl passage

122 air-gas mixing zone 123 direct current channel

124 primary air mixed combustion area 21 air heating box

22 first connecting pipe 23 working burner

24 furnace 25 non-operating burner

26 second connecting pipe 27 smoke heat absorption box

281 first valve 282 second valve

283 third valve 284 fourth valve

285 fifth valve 286 sixth valve

211 first thermal mass 212 first thermal chamber

241 second heat accumulator of melting pool 271

272 second regenerator

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in the specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a burner includes a burner body 11 and a nozzle mechanism 12; the nozzle mechanism 12 is arranged in the hollow cavity of the burner main body 11, and the nozzle mechanism 12 divides the burner main body 11 into a semi-open vestibule area 113 and a secondary air mixed combustion area 112; a rotational flow channel 121 and a direct flow channel 123 for air to pass through are horizontally arranged through the nozzle mechanism 12, and the direct flow channel 123 is used for communicating the vestibular region 113 with the secondary air mixed combustion region 112; the nozzle mechanism 12 is further provided with an air-gas mixing zone 122 and a primary air mixing and burning zone 124, the rotational flow channel 121, the air-gas mixing zone 122 and the primary air mixing and burning zone 124 are sequentially communicated, and the primary air mixing and burning zone 124 is communicated with the secondary air mixing and burning zone 112; the burner main body 11 is provided with a gas channel 14 which penetrates through the burner main body 11 and is communicated with the air and gas mixing area 122 for supplying gas; the primary air mixed combustion area 124 is provided with the ignition gun 18 for ignition, and the ignition gun 18 generally adopts the automatic ignition gun 18, so that the labor can be saved, and the stability and the ignition success rate are high. Air enters the vestibular region 113 from an air inlet 111 of the burner main body 11, then enters the air-gas mixing region 122 through the turbulent flow of the swirling flow channel 121 of the burner, and is fully mixed with the gas entering from the gas channel 14, so that the mixed gas is ignited and fully combusted through the ignition gun 18 in the primary air mixing combustion region 124, part of the gas which is not fully combusted enters the secondary air mixing combustion region 112, and is fully combusted with the excessive air entering from the direct flow channel 123 in the secondary air mixing combustion region 112, thereby greatly improving the thermal efficiency and reducing the consumption of the fuel; and the primary air mixed combustion area 124 and the secondary air mixed combustion area 112 are used for staged combustion, secondary combustion-supporting air is added into the secondary air mixed combustion area 112, the flame temperature and the lower nitrogen content of the secondary air mixed combustion area 112 are controlled, the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides is reduced, the discharge amount of NOx is greatly reduced, and the environment is protected. The conventional gas spray gun of the existing burner has the defects of short service life and high maintenance and replacement probability because the gas spray gun is made of heat-resistant metal materials and needs to be provided with cold air protection, and the conventional gas spray gun is cancelled by the burner, so that the problems are solved.

The nozzle mechanism 12 is generally fixedly embedded in a hollow cavity of the burner body 11, and the nozzle mechanism 12 and the burner body 11 can also be fixed through bolts; the nozzle mechanism 12 is complex and irregular in structure, and the nozzle mechanism 12 is generally formed in an integrated manner by casting. The overfire air mixed combustion zone 112 is supplemented by air, and therefore the overfire air mixed combustion zone 112 is generally referred to as a low-nitrogen combustion zone because it has a lower nitrogen content and produces less nitrogen oxides than the primary air mixed combustion zone 124.

Preferably, the burner body 11 is a hollow cylinder, and the cylinder is not easy to store dirt and scale due to the smooth inner wall or outer wall, and is convenient and easy to process when being cleaned. When the burner body 11 is designed, the inlet of the open end of the vestibular region 113 of the burner body 11 is generally set to be inclined, that is, the air inlet 111 is set to be inclined, so that certain disturbance is generated when air enters, and the air is more fully mixed with gas. In order to facilitate cleaning of dust accumulated in the combustor, an end cover 13 can be further arranged at the horizontal end of the vestibular region 113 of the combustor main body 11, the end cover 13 is generally movably connected with the combustor main body 11 (for example, hinged connection and hinge connection), when dust is accumulated in the combustor, the dust can be cleaned only by opening the end cover 13, and therefore the combustor is very convenient to clean.

To facilitate gas delivery, the gas passage 14 is typically disposed around the burner body 11 or fixedly disposed on a wall of the burner body 11 housing to form an annular gas passage 14. In order to improve the flow rate of the gas entering the air-gas mixing area 122, a gas nozzle 16 may be further used, the gas nozzle 16 communicates the annular gas channel 14 with the air-gas mixing area 122, and when the conveying efficiency is further improved, a plurality of gas nozzles 16 may be used, and the plurality of gas nozzles 16 are uniformly distributed and connected with the annular gas channel 14, so as to facilitate mixing. The inlet of the annular gas channel 14 is generally communicated with a pipeline of a gas source, and a sealing ring 15 is arranged at the position of the inlet of the gas channel 14 and the joint of the gas source pipeline, so that gas leakage can be prevented, and the safety and reliability are improved.

In the secondary air mixing combustion area 112, a flame monitor 17 may be further provided, so as to monitor the flame combustion condition or combustion data of the secondary air mixing combustion area 112 from the outside of the burner.

When the ignition gun 18 and the flame monitor 17 are arranged, sleeves are generally arranged on the ignition gun 18 and the flame monitor 17 to protect the ignition gun 18 and the flame monitor 17; the whole burner can be sealed, so that gas leakage and heat loss are prevented.

Referring to fig. 4, a regenerative combustion system includes an air heating box 21 for heating air, a melting furnace 24 for melting metal, a flue gas heat absorption box 27 for absorbing heat of flue gas, and a plurality of burners; the burners include a working burner 23 for supplying heat to the furnace 24 and a non-working burner 25 for outputting flue gas from the furnace 24; the air heating box 21 is connected with a working burner 23; the smoke heat absorption box 27 is connected with the non-working burner 25; the smoke heat absorption box 27 is in heat exchange connection with the air heating box 21; working burner 23 and non-working burner 25 are connected to furnace 24. Air enters from the inlet section of the air heating box 21, is heated in the air heating box 21, then enters the burner from the air inlet 111 of the burner, is mixed with gas in the burner air and gas mixing zone 122, is combusted to generate heat, and supplies heat to the smelting furnace 24, so that the metal in the smelting furnace 24 is heated and heated or melted; in the process of heating or melting the metal in the smelting furnace 24, the generated flue gas is discharged to a flue gas heat absorption box 27 through a channel of the non-working combustor 25, the flue gas heat absorption box 27 absorbs heat of high-temperature flue gas, and the low-temperature flue gas after heat absorption is discharged; wherein, the flue gas heat absorption box 27 is connected with the air heating box 21 for heat exchange. The high-temperature flue gas in the smelting furnace 24 preheats the heat exchange of the combustion-supporting air, so that the combustion-supporting air is preheated to about 800 ℃, the purposes of saving energy and reducing emission are achieved, and the economic benefit is improved.

The working burner 23, the air heating box 21 and the non-working burner 25 and the smoke heat absorption box 27 can be switched; namely, the working burner 23, the air heating box 21 and the non-working burner 25 and the smoke heat absorption box 27 can be exchanged for use; the working burner 23 (non-working burner 25) becomes the non-working burner 25 (working burner 23), and the air heating box 21 (flue gas heat absorption box 27) becomes the flue gas heat absorption box 27 (air heating box 21). When air enters from the inlet section of the air heating box 21, the air is heated in the air heating box 21 and then enters from the air inlet 111 of the working burner 23, the air and the gas are mixed with gas in the air and gas mixing area 122 of the working burner 23, and the gas are combusted to generate heat, so that heat is supplied to the smelting furnace 24, and the metal in the smelting furnace 24 is heated and heated or melted; in the process of heating or melting the metal in the smelting furnace 24, the generated flue gas is discharged to a flue gas heat absorption box 27 through a channel of the non-working combustor 25, the flue gas heat absorption box 27 absorbs heat of high-temperature flue gas, and the low-temperature flue gas after heat absorption is discharged; after a period of time, the operation mode can be changed, that is, air enters from the inlet section of the previous flue gas heat absorption box 27, is heated in the flue gas heat absorption box 27, then enters from the air inlet 111 of the previous non-working burner 25, is mixed with gas in the air-gas mixing area 122 of the non-working burner 25, is combusted to generate heat, and supplies heat to the smelting furnace 24, so that the metal in the smelting furnace 24 is heated, heated or melted; in the process of heating or melting the metal in the smelting furnace 24, the generated flue gas is discharged to the air heating box 21 through the previous channel of the working burner 23, the air heating box 21 absorbs heat of the high-temperature flue gas, and the low-temperature flue gas after heat absorption is discharged; the reversal of the airflow is completed, and the alternative work of the whole heat accumulating type combustion system is realized; typically, actuators may be arranged such that the modes of operation are programmed to alternate, and when actuators are used, actuators with a commutation frequency of 30-60s are typically used.

Specifically, the second valve 282 is closed, air enters the inlet of the air heating box 21 through the opened first valve 281, the air exchanges heat with the first heat accumulator 211 in the first heat accumulator 212 of the air heating box 21 to heat the air, the heated air enters the working burner 23 through the first connecting pipe 22, the fifth valve 285 is opened, the air and gas are mixed and combusted in the working burner 23, and the metal in the molten pool 241 of the melting furnace 24 is heated and heated or melted; the generated flue gas enters the non-working burner 25, the sixth valve 286 is closed, the flue gas enters the flue gas heat absorption box 27 through the second connecting pipe 26, the second heat accumulator 271 in the second heat accumulation chamber 272 of the flue gas heat absorption box 27 performs heat exchange, the second heat accumulator 271 absorbs the heat of the high-temperature flue gas, the fourth valve 284 is closed, and the low-temperature flue gas is discharged from the open third valve 283. When the direction is switched, the first valve 281, the second valve 282, the third valve 283, the fourth valve 284, the fifth valve 285 and the sixth valve 286 are all turned, and the air enters from the original flue gas heat absorption box 27 to heat the air, that is, the working burner 23 (non-working burner 25) is changed into the non-working burner 25 (working burner 23), and the air heating box 21 (flue gas heat absorption box 27) is changed into the flue gas heat absorption box 27 (air heating box 21).

In general, the working burners 23 and the non-working burners 25 connected to the melting furnace 24 may be plural, that is, plural working burners 23 may be provided to operate and plural non-working burners 25 may discharge smoke.

The first valve 281, the second valve 282, the third valve 283, the fourth valve 284, the fifth valve 285 and the sixth valve 286 are all directional valves, and are typically butterfly valves.

In order to reduce the heat loss, the air heating box 21, the flue gas heat absorption box 27, the connecting pipes and the melting furnace 24 are generally covered with heat insulating materials, such as: an asbestos fiber material.

The whole heat accumulating type combustion system is more reasonable in system, more complete in structure and more compact in parts; the heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved, and the difference between the temperature of the preheated air and the temperature of the flue gas in the furnace is about 50-100 ℃; the air and the fuel gas are fully mixed, the combustion is complete, the flame is uniformly distributed, and no local high temperature exists; meanwhile, the burning loss of the heated object is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved; the heat loss of the system is reduced, the heat efficiency is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the energy is saved by more than 30%; the emission of NOx is effectively reduced, the environmental pollution is controlled, and the generation of NOx is mainly determined by the highest temperature of flame and the concentration of nitrogen and oxygen in the combustion process; through the design and transformation of the heat accumulating type combustion system and the combustor, a sectional combustion method is adopted, secondary combustion-supporting air is added in the low-nitrogen combustion area, the flame temperature of the low-nitrogen combustion area is controlled, and the emission of NOx meets the environmental protection requirement; the heat accumulating type combustion system is suitable for various furnace types, large in adjusting range, low in operation cost, long in service life, simple to operate and stable in use working condition.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a can adjust, merge and delete according to actual need in proper order.

The embodiment introduces the scheme in detail, and the structure principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the above embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of the present invention, there are changes in the specific implementation and application scope, to sum up, the content of the present specification should not be understood as the limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A burner is characterized by comprising a burner main body and a nozzle mechanism;

2. The burner of claim 1, wherein the burner body is a can structure.

3. The burner of claim 2, wherein the burner body vestibular region open end inlet is angled.

4. The burner of claim 3, further comprising an end cap disposed at a vestibular region horizontal end of the burner body.

5. The burner of claim 1, further comprising a gas burner tube, wherein the gas channel is an annular gas channel surrounding the burner body, and wherein the gas burner tube communicates the annular gas channel with the air-gas mixing zone.

6. The burner of claim 5, wherein the gas nozzles are a plurality of gas nozzles, and the plurality of gas nozzles are uniformly distributed and connected with the annular gas channel.

7. Burner according to claim 5, wherein the annular gas channel inlet is provided with a sealing ring for interface sealing.

8. The burner of claim 1, further comprising a flame monitor for flame monitoring, the flame monitor being disposed in a secondary air-mixed combustion zone.

9. A regenerative combustion system comprising an air heating box for heating air, a furnace for melting metal, a flue gas heat absorption box for absorbing heat from flue gas, and a plurality of burners according to any one of claims 1 to 8;

the air heating box is connected with the working burner;

the smoke heat absorption box is connected with the non-working combustor;

the working burner and the non-working burner are connected with the furnace.

10. A regenerative combustion system as claimed in claim 9, wherein the operating burner, air heating chamber and non-operating burner, flue gas heat absorption chamber are switchable.