CN211848658U

CN211848658U - Elastic backing plate with three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement

Info

Publication number: CN211848658U
Application number: CN201922260109.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王琴兰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-12-16
Filing date: 2019-12-16
Publication date: 2020-11-03
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-16

Abstract

The utility model provides an elastic backing plate with three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement, including three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement and packing base member, three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement wraps up in packing base member, and three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement includes enhancement layer and reinforcement muscle, and this enhancement layer is the multidirectional enhancement layer of plane, and the reinforcement muscle is located on the enhancement layer, and the extending direction of reinforcement muscle is crossed with the plane that the enhancement layer is located, carries out the horizontal reinforcement to the elastic backing plate by the multidirectional enhancement layer of plane, carries out vertical reinforcement to the elastic backing plate by the reinforcement muscle; the reinforcing layers are at least two layers, the reinforcing ribs are provided with a plurality of reinforcing bars and are positioned between the adjacent reinforcing layers, the two ends of each reinforcing bar are respectively connected with the adjacent reinforcing layers, the reinforcing bars and the reinforcing bars are formed by weaving reinforcing fibers, and large gaps are formed among the reinforcing fibers.

Description

Elastic backing plate with three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a combined material especially relates to an elastic backing plate with three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement.

Background

The railway train is an important transportation means for human beings, has the characteristics of high speed, safety and comfort, and is deeply favored by the mass passengers. At present, railway trains are generally divided into high-speed rail passenger transport, passenger and cargo transportation, inter-city railways, subway passenger transport, heavy-load special railway lines and the like, and are all rail trains, the axle weight of the rail trains is 14-40 tons, and the load of each train can reach more than 200 tons at most. When a train passes through, the generated vibration force is very large, so that a plurality of damping pads with different rigidities must be configured, such as: the damping cushion is used for absorbing and reducing vibration so as to protect the service life and safety of a track bed, a rail, a fastener system and the like.

The damping pad can ensure the safety of railway operation, the smoothness of vehicle operation and the comfort of riding, prolongs the service life of a fastener system, reduces the replacement and maintenance expenditure, is a necessary product for railway construction, and is generally made of rubber, thermoplastic elastomer and polyurethane.

Practice proves that the elastic cushion plate made of the rubber material is easy to age and large in creep deformation, and the rubber cushion plate reinforced by the cord fabric is easy to separate and delaminate or break fiber due to the fact that the cord fabric is a warp-weft structure and has no ductility.

The temperature of the rail can reach 50-70 ℃ after the rail absorbs heat in a hot area or under the sun exposure in summer, the thermoplastic elastomer material is easy to thermally deform, and in addition, a train vibrates to generate molecular heat when passing through, so that the backing plate is too large in deformation amount and rigidity is too large to change.

The physical properties of the polyurethane elastic base plate are better than those of rubber and thermoplastic elastomers, and in order to meet the rigidity requirement of circuit design, microcellular foaming is required to be matched, however, the weight of the foamed base plate is introduced, and the interior of the foamed base plate is full of air holes, so that the tensile strength of the foamed base plate is greatly reduced, and the extrusion, shearing, abrasion and burst phenomena are easy to occur when the product is used.

The rubber and thermoplastic elastomer backing plates are solid elastic pads, need deformation space when being pressed, and generally adopt a symmetrical structure of grooves or concave-convex platforms. When the shock absorption cushion is used, only the boss or the convex strip is in contact with the cement surface, the vibration pressure of the train is positioned on the boss or the convex strip when the train passes through, a pit or a groove can be formed on the cement surface in contact with the boss or the convex strip through multiple times of vibration extrusion, and when the boss and the convex strip are sunk into the pit or the groove, the cushion plate loses the vibration absorption effect of the cushion plate.

The polyurethane elastic backing plate is in contact with the cement surface through a foaming plane, so that the condition is avoided, but the quality of the material is reduced in the foaming process, the material is easy to crack and damage, the potential safety hazard is caused, and the service life is shortened.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing an elastic backing plate with a three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement to overcome the defects.

The utility model discloses a solve the technical scheme that its technical problem adopted and be:

the elastic cushion plate with the three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement comprises the three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement and a filling base body, wherein the three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement is wrapped in the filling base body and comprises a reinforcing layer and reinforcing ribs, the reinforcing layer is a planar multidirectional reinforcing layer, the reinforcing ribs are arranged on the reinforcing layer, the extending direction of the reinforcing ribs is crossed with the plane of the reinforcing layer, the planar multidirectional reinforcing layer is used for horizontally reinforcing the elastic cushion plate, and the reinforcing ribs are used for vertically reinforcing the elastic cushion plate;

the enhancement layer is provided with at least two layers, the reinforcing rib is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs and is positioned between the adjacent enhancement layers, and the two ends of each reinforcing rib are respectively connected with the adjacent enhancement layers;

the reinforcing layer and the reinforcing ribs are formed by weaving reinforcing fibers, a plurality of meshes are arranged in the reinforcing layer, the extending directions of the adjacent reinforcing ribs are mutually crossed, and the reinforcing layer and the reinforcing ribs are formed by weaving the reinforcing fibers, so that larger gaps are formed among the reinforcing fibers, the ductility of the woven reinforcing layer is far superior to that of a reinforcing layer of a common longitude and latitude tissue, the woven reinforcing layer can be stretched together with the filling base body within a certain range, and meanwhile, the stretching range of the filling base body is limited, and the separation of layering or fiber fracture is not easy to occur;

in one embodiment of the present invention, the reinforcing fibers are nylon fibers;

the filling base body is filled with foamed polyurethane, the foamed polyurethane is filled in gaps of the reinforcing layer and the reinforcing ribs, the reinforcing fibers are wrapped and tightly combined with the reinforcing fibers, and the elastic cushion plate has elasticity and toughness;

the manufacturing method of the elastic cushion plate with the three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement comprises the following steps:

(1) weaving nylon fibers to form a three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement with a reinforcement layer and reinforcement ribs, and cutting to form a base plate shape;

(2) placing the three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement cut in the step (1) into a mold, injecting liquid polyurethane into the mold, filling the liquid polyurethane into gaps between the reinforcement layer and the reinforcement ribs, and wrapping nylon fibers;

(3) and (3) sending the mould poured in the step (2) into an oven to enable polyurethane to perform crosslinking reaction and foam, and demolding after curing to form the elastic cushion plate.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the elastic backing plate adopts three-dimensional multidirectional fabric as a reinforcement, the elastic backing plate is transversely reinforced by the reinforcing layer, the elastic backing plate is vertically reinforced by the reinforcing ribs, and the reinforcing layer is a planar multidirectional reinforcing layer, so that the tensile strength of the top surface and the bottom surface of the elastic backing plate is improved, and the burst phenomenon is avoided;

2. the reinforcing layer and the reinforcing ribs are formed by weaving reinforcing fibers, larger gaps are formed among the reinforcing fibers, the ductility of the woven reinforcing layer is far superior to that of a reinforcing layer with a common longitude and latitude tissue, the woven reinforcing layer can be stretched together with the filling base body within a certain range, the stretching range of the filling base body is limited, separation from delamination or fiber fracture is not easy to occur, and the service life is prolonged;

3. the filling base body is made of foaming polyurethane, the polyurethane is filled in gaps between the reinforcing layer and the reinforcing ribs, the nylon fibers are fully wrapped, and the foaming forming is carried out after the pouring is finished, the foaming polyurethane and the nylon fibers are tightly combined, so that the elastic cushion plate has elasticity and toughness.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a state where an elastic cushion plate made of a thermoplastic elastomer is sheared and broken, wherein a specific portion is a positioning hole of the elastic cushion plate;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a state that a rubber elastic backing plate with a convex strip structure damages a cement surface;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a broken state of a cement surface caused by a rubber elastic backing plate with a boss structure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the elastic cushion plate with three-dimensional multi-directional reinforcement according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic top view of a reinforcing layer.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, creation features, achievement purposes and functions of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the elastic cushion plate with three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement provided by the present invention comprises a three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement and a filling base body, wherein the three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement is wrapped in the filling base body, the three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement comprises a reinforcement layer 1 and reinforcement ribs 2, the reinforcement layer is a planar multidirectional reinforcement layer, the reinforcement ribs are arranged on the reinforcement layer, the extension direction of the reinforcement ribs is crossed with the plane where the reinforcement layer is located, the elastic cushion plate is transversely reinforced by the planar multidirectional reinforcement layer, and the elastic cushion plate is vertically reinforced by the reinforcement ribs; the reinforcing layers are provided with at least two layers, the reinforcing ribs are provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs and are positioned between the adjacent reinforcing layers, and two ends of each reinforcing rib are respectively connected with the adjacent reinforcing layers; the reinforcing layer and the reinforcing ribs are formed by weaving reinforcing fibers, a plurality of meshes are arranged in the reinforcing layer, the extending directions of the adjacent reinforcing ribs are mutually crossed, and the reinforcing layer and the reinforcing ribs are formed by weaving the reinforcing fibers, so that larger gaps are formed among the reinforcing fibers, the ductility of the woven reinforcing layer is far superior to that of a reinforcing layer of a common longitude and latitude tissue, the woven reinforcing layer can be stretched together with the filling base body within a certain range, and meanwhile, the stretching range of the filling base body is limited, and the separation of layering or fiber fracture is not easy to occur; in this embodiment, the reinforcing fibers are nylon fibers, the filling matrix 3 is foamed polyurethane, and the foamed polyurethane is filled in the gaps between the reinforcing layer and the reinforcing ribs to wrap the reinforcing fibers and tightly bond the reinforcing fibers, so that the elastic cushion plate has both elasticity and toughness.

Experiments show that the tensile strength of the elastic cushion plate is greatly improved by adding the three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement, and the following table shows the test data of the tensile strength at definite elongation of the elastic cushion plate in the embodiment:

TABLE 1

The manufacturing method of the elastic backing plate with the three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement comprises the following steps: weaving nylon fibers to form a three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement with a reinforcement layer and reinforcement ribs, and cutting to form a base plate shape; placing the cut three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement in a mold, injecting liquid polyurethane into the mold, filling the liquid polyurethane into gaps between the reinforcement layer and the reinforcement ribs, and wrapping nylon fibers; and (3) sending the poured mould into an oven to enable polyurethane to perform crosslinking reaction and foam, and demolding after curing to form the elastic cushion plate.

The elastic backing plate adopts three-dimensional multidirectional fabric as a reinforcement, the elastic backing plate is transversely reinforced by the reinforcing layer, the elastic backing plate is vertically reinforced by the reinforcing ribs, and the reinforcing layer is a planar multidirectional reinforcing layer, so that the tensile strength of the top surface and the bottom surface of the elastic backing plate is improved, and the burst phenomenon is avoided; the reinforcing layer and the reinforcing ribs are formed by weaving reinforcing fibers, larger gaps are formed among the reinforcing fibers, the ductility of the woven reinforcing layer is far superior to that of a reinforcing layer with a common longitude and latitude tissue, the woven reinforcing layer can be stretched together with the filling base body within a certain range, the stretching range of the filling base body is limited, separation from delamination or fiber fracture is not easy to occur, and the service life is prolonged; the filling base body is made of foaming polyurethane, the polyurethane is filled in gaps between the reinforcing layer and the reinforcing ribs, the nylon fibers are fully wrapped, and the foaming forming is carried out after the pouring is finished, the foaming polyurethane and the nylon fibers are tightly combined, so that the elastic cushion plate has elasticity and toughness.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to let the technical personnel in the field understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention can not be limited thereby, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The elastic backing plate with the three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement comprises the three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement and a filling matrix, wherein the three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement is wrapped in the filling matrix, and the elastic backing plate is characterized in that:

the three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement comprises a reinforcement layer and reinforcement ribs, wherein the reinforcement layer is a planar multidirectional reinforcement layer, the reinforcement ribs are arranged on the reinforcement layer, and the extension direction of the reinforcement ribs is crossed with the plane of the reinforcement layer.

2. The elastic backing plate with the three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement of claim 1, wherein:

the reinforcing layers are provided with at least two layers, the reinforcing ribs are provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs and are positioned between the adjacent reinforcing layers, and two ends of each reinforcing rib are respectively connected with the adjacent reinforcing layers.

3. The elastic backing plate with the three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement of claim 1 or 2, wherein:

the reinforcing layer and the reinforcing ribs are formed by weaving reinforcing fibers, a plurality of meshes are arranged in the reinforcing layer, and the extending directions of the adjacent reinforcing ribs are mutually crossed.

4. The elastic backing plate with the three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement of claim 3, wherein:

the reinforcing fibers are filled with nylon fibers.

5. The elastic backing plate with the three-dimensional multidirectional reinforcement of claim 3, wherein:

the filling base body is filled with foamed polyurethane, and the foamed polyurethane is filled in the gaps of the reinforcing layer and the reinforcing ribs to wrap the reinforcing fibers.