CN211847738U - Automatic control system for preparation of novel fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic control system for preparing novel fertilizer, which comprises a mixed fermentation tank, wherein the top of the mixed fermentation tank is provided with a charging hole, a rotating shaft is arranged in the mixed fermentation tank, the rotating shaft is connected with a motor arranged outside the mixed fermentation tank in a transmission way, the rotating shaft is provided with a material turning plate, and the material turning plate is obliquely arranged on the rotating shaft and forms an included angle of 30-60 degrees with the horizontal plane; the feed inlet is connected with the pig manure conveying belt, the mushroom residue conveying belt and the straw powder conveying belt, and the tail ends of the pig manure conveying belt, the mushroom residue conveying belt and the straw powder conveying belt are provided with weighing meters; the top of the mixed fermentation tank is also communicated with a urea storage tank, a molasses storage tank and a heavy metal passivation nitrogen-protecting agent storage tank, and the bottoms of the urea storage tank, the molasses storage tank and the heavy metal passivation nitrogen-protecting agent storage tank are respectively provided with a blanking valve and a flowmeter; the utility model has the advantages that: manual pile turning is not needed, and the steps of pile turning, fermentation and the like are all realized through a fermentation tank, so that the automation degree is improved, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Automatic control system for preparation of novel fertilizer

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a preparation facilities of fertilizer, specifically speaking are an automated control system that is used for novel preparation of fertilizer belongs to fertilizer preparation facilities field.

Background

The composting technology is an important way for harmless treatment and fertilizer utilization of livestock and poultry manure. Composting is a biochemical process by which organic matter is degraded and converted under the action of microorganisms. Through the process, part of organic substances are decomposed and mineralized to release quick-acting nutrients; a portion of the organic matter is converted to humus. In this process, mineralization is mainly in the early stage, and humification is the most dominant in the later stage. According to the supply of oxygen in the composting process, the oxygen can be divided into aerobic composting and anaerobic composting. The anaerobic compost is fermented by anaerobic microorganisms under the conditions of poor aeration condition and insufficient oxygen; aerobic composting is the degradation of organic matters by means of the life activities of aerobic microorganisms under the conditions of good ventilation and sufficient oxygen. The aerobic compost is usually at a high temperature, generally 50-70 ℃, and is also called high-temperature compost. The high-temperature compost has the advantages of killing pathogenic bacteria, worm eggs and weed seeds to the maximum extent, quickly degrading organic matters into stable humus and converting the humus into organic fertilizers. The chinese utility model patent entitled "a novel bio-organic fertilizer and a method for preparing the same" application No. 201811641090.7 "discloses a novel bio-organic fertilizer and a method for preparing the same, however, the method has a low degree of automation, which reduces the production efficiency.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problem, the utility model discloses an automated control system for preparation of novel fertilizer need not carry out the manual work and turns over the heap, turns over steps such as heap, fermentation and all realize through the fermentation cylinder, has improved degree of automation, has improved production efficiency.

The technical scheme of the utility model is that:

an automatic control system for preparation of a novel fertilizer comprises a mixing fermentation tank, wherein a feeding hole is formed in the top of the mixing fermentation tank, a rotating shaft is arranged in the mixing fermentation tank and is in transmission connection with a motor arranged outside the mixing fermentation tank, a material turning plate is arranged on the rotating shaft, the material turning plate is obliquely arranged on the rotating shaft and forms an included angle of 30-60 degrees with the horizontal plane, and materials above the material turning plate can fall behind the material turning plate along with rotation of the material turning plate, so that the materials are turned up and down; the feed inlet, the pig manure conveying belt, the mushroom residue conveying belt and the straw powder conveying belt are respectively provided with a weighing meter at the tail end for measuring the amount of the conveyed pig manure, mushroom residue and straw powder; the top of the mixed fermentation tank is also communicated with a urea storage tank, a molasses storage tank and a heavy metal passivation nitrogen-retaining agent storage tank, and the bottoms of the urea storage tank, the molasses storage tank and the heavy metal passivation nitrogen-retaining agent storage tank are respectively provided with a blanking valve and a flowmeter for metering the adding amount of urea and molasses; the motor is provided with a motor controller to control the operation of the motor.

Furthermore, the bottom of the mixed fermentation tank is provided with a discharge port, the discharge port is connected with the inlet end of a granulator through a lifting device such as a spiral conveying auger, and the outlet end of the granulator is connected with the inlet end of a dryer.

Furthermore, the top of the mixed fermentation tank is also provided with a spray head which is communicated with a liquid conveying pipeline, the inlet end of the liquid conveying pipeline is communicated with a mixing cavity, the mixing cavity is respectively communicated with the compound microbial inoculum tank and the outlet end of a tap water pipe, a flow meter and a control valve are arranged between the compound microbial inoculum tank and the mixing cavity, the tap water pipe is provided with the flow meter and the control valve, and the adding amount of the compound microbial inoculum and the tap water can be measured through the flow meter.

Furthermore, the inside wall spiral of hybrid fermentation jar is coiled there is the air pipe, the end of air pipe is the cecum, the other end with the gas transmission pump outside the hybrid fermentation jar is linked together, the inside wall of air pipe evenly has the venthole respectively, the venthole all faces hybrid fermentation jar's center pin direction to can be through gas transmission pump to the air pipe gas transmission, and blow to hybrid fermentation jar through the venthole of air pipe, make hybrid fermentation jar all have gaseous the letting in the direction of height of difference, improved the ventilation effect.

Furthermore, the mixed fermentation tank is also provided with a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a pressure relief valve, so that the temperature and pressure conditions in the mixed fermentation tank can be conveniently mastered.

The utility model has the advantages that: manual pile turning is not needed, and the steps of pile turning, fermentation and the like are all realized through a fermentation tank, so that the automation degree is improved, and the production efficiency is improved.

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic control system for preparing a novel fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and is not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, an automatic control system for preparation of a novel fertilizer comprises a mixing fermentation tank 1, wherein a feed inlet 2 is arranged at the top of the mixing fermentation tank 1, a cover is arranged on the feed inlet 2, a rotating shaft 3 is arranged in the mixing fermentation tank 1, the rotating shaft 3 is in transmission connection with a motor 4 arranged outside the mixing fermentation tank 1, a material turning plate 5 is arranged on the rotating shaft 3, the material turning plate 5 is obliquely arranged on the rotating shaft 4 and forms an included angle of 30-60 degrees with the horizontal plane, and materials above the material turning plate can fall behind the material turning plate along with rotation of the material turning plate, so that the materials are turned up and down; the feed inlet is connected with a pig manure conveying belt (not shown), a mushroom residue conveying belt (not shown) and a straw powder conveying belt (not shown), and the tail ends of the pig manure conveying belt, the mushroom residue conveying belt and the straw powder conveying belt are provided with weighing meters (weighing sensors) for measuring the amount of the conveyed pig manure, mushroom residue and straw powder; the top of the mixed fermentation tank is also communicated with a urea storage tank 6, a molasses storage tank 7 and a heavy metal passivation nitrogen-protecting agent storage tank 8, and the bottoms of the urea storage tank, the molasses storage tank and the heavy metal passivation nitrogen-protecting agent storage tank are respectively provided with a discharge valve and a flowmeter for metering the adding amount of urea and molasses; the motor is provided with a motor controller to control the operation of the motor.

The material turning plate 5 is fixed on the rotating shaft 4, and a connecting reinforcing rib can be arranged, so that the fixation is firmer.

The bottom of the mixed fermentation tank 1 is provided with a discharge port 9, the discharge port 9 is connected with the inlet end of a granulator 11 through a lifting device such as a spiral conveying auger 10, and the outlet end of the granulator 11 is connected with the inlet end of a dryer 12.

The top of the mixed fermentation tank 1 is also provided with a spray head 13, the spray head 13 is communicated with a liquid conveying pipeline, the inlet end of the liquid conveying pipeline is communicated with a mixing chamber 14, the mixing chamber 14 is respectively communicated with the bottom of a compound microbial agent tank 15 and the outlet end of a tap water pipe 16, a flow meter and a control valve are arranged between the compound microbial agent tank 15 and the mixing chamber 14, the tap water pipe 16 is provided with a flow meter and a control valve, and the adding amount of the compound microbial agent and the tap water can be measured through the flow meter.

The inside wall spiral of hybrid fermentation jar 1 is coiled there is vent pipe 17, vent pipe 17's end is the cecum, the other end with the gas transmission pump (not drawn) outside hybrid fermentation jar 1 is linked together, vent pipe 17's inside wall evenly has the venthole respectively, the venthole all faces hybrid fermentation jar's center pin direction to can be through gas transmission pump to vent pipe gas transmission, and blow to hybrid fermentation jar through vent pipe's venthole, make hybrid fermentation jar all have gaseous the letting in the direction of height of difference, improved the ventilation effect.

The mixed fermentation tank 1 is also provided with a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a pressure relief valve, so that the temperature and pressure conditions in the mixed fermentation tank can be conveniently mastered.

The pig manure conveying belt, the mushroom residue conveying belt and the straw powder conveying belt are respectively provided with a driving device, and the driving devices are respectively provided with a control device to control the operation of the driving devices.

During preparation, fresh pig manure, urea and molasses are added into a mixing fermentation tank in proportion, and a fermentation substrate is prepared after stirring and mixing uniformly; adding the compound microbial inoculum and tap water into a mixed fermentation tank in proportion, controlling the dropping speed of the compound microbial inoculum and tap water to spray the compound microbial inoculum and tap water on the fermentation substrate, uniformly stirring, stacking and fermenting for 48-60 h at normal temperature, and stirring and turning the stack once every 24h by a stirring device to obtain the fermentation microbial inoculum;

then adding fresh pig manure, fresh mushroom residues, straw powder and a heavy metal passivation nitrogen-retaining agent into the mixed fermentation tank containing the fermentation microbial inoculum, stirring with variable conditions, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the water content to 60-70%;

stacking and fermenting for 10-15 days in a mixed fermentation tank, controlling the water content to be 60-70% during the fermentation period, controlling the ventilation condition by adopting a stirring and pile turning method, simultaneously introducing external air through a spiral pipeline, turning the pile once every 2d during the pile body temperature rise period, turning the pile once every 3d after the temperature rises to 60 ℃, and not turning the pile during the temperature fall period; and finally, feeding the fermentation product in the mixed fermentation tank into a granulator for granulation, feeding the granulation product into a dryer for drying, and drying until the moisture is less than or equal to 20% to obtain a finished product.

Claims (5)

1. An automated control system for the preparation of novel fertilizers, characterized in that: the fermentation tank comprises a mixed fermentation tank, wherein a feeding port is formed in the top of the mixed fermentation tank, a rotating shaft is arranged in the mixed fermentation tank, the rotating shaft is in transmission connection with a motor arranged outside the mixed fermentation tank, a material turning plate is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the material turning plate is obliquely arranged on the rotating shaft and forms an included angle of 30-60 degrees with the horizontal plane; the feed inlet is connected with the pig manure conveying belt, the mushroom residue conveying belt and the straw powder conveying belt, and the tail ends of the pig manure conveying belt, the mushroom residue conveying belt and the straw powder conveying belt are provided with weighing meters; the top of the mixed fermentation tank is also communicated with a urea storage tank, a molasses storage tank and a heavy metal passivation nitrogen-protecting agent storage tank, and the bottoms of the urea storage tank, the molasses storage tank and the heavy metal passivation nitrogen-protecting agent storage tank are all provided with a blanking valve and a flowmeter for metering the adding amount of urea and molasses.

2. An automated control system for the preparation of new fertilizers, according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the mixing fermentation tank is provided with a discharge port, the discharge port is connected with the inlet end of a granulator through a lifting device, and the outlet end of the granulator is connected with the inlet end of a dryer.

3. An automated control system for the preparation of new fertilizers, according to claim 2, characterized in that: the top of the mixed fermentation tank is also provided with a spray head which is communicated with a liquid conveying pipeline, the inlet end of the liquid conveying pipeline is communicated with a mixing cavity, the mixing cavity is respectively communicated with a compound microbial inoculum tank and the outlet end of a tap water pipe, a flow meter and a control valve are arranged between the compound microbial inoculum tank and the mixing cavity, and the tap water pipe is provided with a flow meter and a control valve.

4. An automated control system for the preparation of new fertilizers, according to claim 3, characterized in that: the inner side wall of the mixed fermentation tank is spirally wound with an air duct, the tail end of the air duct is a blind end, the other end of the air duct is communicated with an air pump outside the mixed fermentation tank, air outlets are uniformly and respectively arranged on the inner side wall of the air duct, and the air outlets face the direction of a central shaft of the mixed fermentation tank.

5. An automated control system for the preparation of new fertilizers, according to claim 4, characterized in that: the mixed fermentation tank is also provided with a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a pressure relief valve.

Images