CN211825515U - Portable device for piezoelectric data acquisition of fruit hardness - Google Patents
Portable device for piezoelectric data acquisition of fruit hardness Download PDFInfo
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- CN211825515U CN211825515U CN201921975896.XU CN201921975896U CN211825515U CN 211825515 U CN211825515 U CN 211825515U CN 201921975896 U CN201921975896 U CN 201921975896U CN 211825515 U CN211825515 U CN 211825515U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a portable equipment that is used for piezoelectricity data acquisition of fruit hardness. The outer sleeve is arranged outside the inner sleeve, the bottom end of the inner sleeve is fixedly connected with a spring stop block, the outer sleeve is provided with two circumferential grooves, a first annular step surface and a second annular step surface are formed between the upper circumferential groove and the lower circumferential groove and between the inner wall of the top of the outer sleeve, a force application spring is arranged between the first annular step surface and the spring stop block, and the step steps are stopped and limited by the spring stop block when the outer sleeve moves downwards; the pressure sensor is arranged in the middle of the inner sleeve and is connected with the guide rod through the elastic component, the guide rod is fixedly connected with the probe, the spring stop block is provided with a first piezoelectric film, and the spring stop block is provided with a second piezoelectric film. The utility model discloses can be used to the piezoelectricity data acquisition of fruit hardness, the collection result does not receive manual pressure influence of exerting, and is more accurate, has convenient to carry, gathers fastly, easy and simple to handle to and be applicable to characteristics such as occasion on-the-spot collections such as orchard, supermarket.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a device for portable detection has especially related to a portable equipment that is used for the piezoelectricity data acquisition of fruit hardness, can be applicable to occasions such as orchard and supermarket and carry out fruit hardness short-term test.
Background
Fruits are one of important agricultural products, the fruit industry is the third largest prop industry next to food and vegetables in the planting industry as a labor-intensive industry, the annual output reaches hundreds of millions of tons, and the fruit industry plays a very important role in national economy in China. The annual loss or waste of fruit in the world amounts to about 50% of the total yield, wherein the loss caused by improper picking period, overlong storage time, transportation damage and the like accounts for a large proportion. If a portable instrument capable of detecting the fruit maturity in real time in orchard, supermarket and other occasions is provided, fruit growers and dealers can reasonably judge the fruit harvesting period, shelf life and the like, and the current fruit loss situation can be effectively improved.
Hardness is one of the important indexes for evaluating the maturity of fruits, and has an important function for guiding the picking, storage, transportation and processing of the fruits. In order to ensure the fruit quality from the source, conveniently determine the picking time and the subsequent management of the fruit, produce the fruit with higher quality and have great significance in testing the hardness of the fruit in real time. Therefore, the portable fruit hardness detection instrument with accurate acquisition and measurement and simple operation has great development space.
The existing fruit hardness evaluation methods mainly comprise the following steps:
sensory evaluation is evaluated mainly by the sense of touch of finger pressure. The accuracy of judgment is greatly influenced by human factors, and the reliability is not high.
A hand-held puncture fruit hardness tester is a portable hardness tester which is most widely applied at home and abroad at present, and the method is to press a cylindrical pressure head into the pulp of peeled fruit with a certain force to a certain depth to measure the maximum penetrating force, but the method has the defects that the acquisition and measurement steps are complicated, the damage to the fruit is large, the pressure and the loading speed applied by hands cannot be controlled, and the measurement error is easily caused.
Acoustic response methods, which assess fruit firmness by picking up an acoustic signal of a hammered fruit, fruit strains small enough to be generally considered non-destructive. However, the main problem of the instrument is that the collection result is influenced by the quality and shape of the fruit and is easily interfered by the noise of the instrument.
Many research institutes both at home and abroad have conducted years of research on desktop non-destructive hardness testing equipment and have developed automated commercial production lines for hardness sorting. However, desktop devices are not suitable for use in orchards or remote areas. Therefore, the research and development of the portable hardness detection instrument is significant. At present, basic researches are carried out on nondestructive testing equipment for internal quality of fruits at home and abroad, but the nondestructive testing equipment can be put into practical production and application.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at overcoming not enough among the above-mentioned background art, provide one kind and can carry out the portable instrument of quick on-the-spot collection to fruit piezoelectricity data in occasions such as orchard and supermarket. The utility model discloses the instrument is for current portable instrument, and the acquisition result does not receive the hand to exert the influence that pressure is different, has convenient to carry, easy operation, collection speed is fast, detect characteristics such as precision height.
The utility model can realize the consistency of each detection process, can be operated by different people and accurately collected during implementation, and solves the technical problem that the inconsistency of the detection result is caused by different interference pressures exerted by different people during the operation under the existing mechanical pressure sensing detection; meanwhile, the fruit can not be eaten after the existing pressure test handheld collecting and measuring device is not required to be deeply inserted into the fruit.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal as follows.
The utility model comprises a piezoelectric data detection mechanism, which mainly comprises an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve, a probe, a first piezoelectric film, a spring stop, a second piezoelectric film, a force application spring, a guide rod, an elastic component and a pressure sensor; the outer sleeve is sleeved outside the inner sleeve, the bottom end of the inner sleeve is fixedly connected with an annular spring stop block, the inner wall of the outer sleeve from the middle to the bottom is provided with two continuous circumferential grooves up and down, the diameter of the upper circumferential groove is smaller than that of the lower circumferential groove, a first annular step surface is formed between the upper circumferential groove and the inner wall of the top of the outer sleeve, a second annular step surface is formed between the upper circumferential groove and the lower circumferential groove, a force application spring is connected between the first annular step surface and the upper end surface of the spring stop block, and the inner diameter of the second annular step surface is smaller than the outer diameter of the spring stop block, so that the step is stopped and limited by the upper end surface; the pressure sensor is fixedly arranged in the middle of the inner sleeve through a set screw, the lower end of the pressure sensor is connected with the upper end of the guide rod through the elastic assembly, the lower end of the guide rod is fixedly connected with the probe, the probe downwards extends out of the middle of the spring stop block from the middle of the spring stop block, a first piezoelectric film is arranged on the lower end face of the spring stop block, and a second piezoelectric film is arranged on the upper end face of the spring stop block corresponding to the second annular step face.
The elastic assembly comprises an upper mounting seat, a lower mounting seat and a pressure spring connected between the upper mounting seat and the lower mounting seat, the upper mounting seat is fixed at the bottom of the pressure sensor, and the lower mounting seat is fixedly connected with the upper end of the guide rod.
The middle part of the inner sleeve is provided with an inner flange which is positioned below the lower mounting seat and used for blocking the lower mounting seat from descending and limiting.
The elastic coefficient of the force application spring is larger than that of the pressure spring in the elastic assembly, so that the probe can be retracted to the position when the force application spring is completely compressed.
The fruit can be peach, plum, pear, apple, mango, orange, banana, watermelon, tomato, strawberry, etc.
The force application spring and the pressure spring are designed in the sleeve, so that stable spring force is provided when the sleeve is pressed down in place, and the acquisition result is prevented from being influenced by different pressure exerted by hands; compared with the existing hand-held puncture meter, the puncture meter does not need to be peeled, the pressing depth is limited in the elastic deformation of the fruit, and the collection is lossless or slightly damaged.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the utility model discloses design application of force spring in the sleeve, and spring dog both ends face-mounting piezoelectric film, can avoid the hand to exert the influence that the pressure difference led to the fact the acquisition result, it is fast to have the collection, characteristics such as precision height.
2. Adopt multiple removable probe, can do quick replacement according to the fruit kind.
3. The utility model discloses simple structure, it is light, portable, not high to operator technical requirement, can effectively avoid the hand to exert the influence of pressure size during the collection, only need accomplish probe change, these several simple actions of application of force, reading, can accomplish the test in a few seconds to the interior.
Compared with the traditional force-deformation principle instrument, the utility model discloses instrument advantage lies in:
firstly, the influence of the pressure exerted by hands on the acquisition result can be avoided through the spring structure and the piezoelectric film, the acquisition result of a digital operator shows that the speed and the size of the pressure exerted by the operator basically have no influence on the acquisition result, and the error is stabilized within +/-0.5%;
the second point, the utility model discloses relative tradition puncture instrument, utility model instrument can not peel the piezoelectricity data that the collection is relevant with fruit hardness, gathers to fruit basically harmless.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of the present invention in different working states;
in the figure, 1-probe, 2-first piezoelectric film, 3-spring stop, 4-second piezoelectric film, 5-force application spring, 6-guide rod, 7-inner sleeve, 8-pressure spring, 9-set screw, 10-pressure sensor, 11-outer sleeve, 13-shell.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings attached to the specification, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the embodiment includes a force application mechanism and a housing 13, the force application mechanism mainly includes an outer sleeve 11, an inner sleeve 7, a probe 1, a first piezoelectric film 2, a spring stopper 3, a second piezoelectric film 4, a force application spring 5, a guide rod 6, an elastic component 8 and a pressure sensor 10; the outer sleeve 11 is sleeved outside the inner sleeve 7, the outer shell 13 is fixed at the upper end part of the inner sleeve 7, and the inner sleeve 7 is fixed with the outer shell 11 through screws. The outer wall of the outer sleeve 11 is used for being held by a person, the bottom end of the inner sleeve 7 is fixedly connected with an annular spring stop block 3, the inner wall of the outer sleeve 11 from the middle to the bottom is provided with two continuous circumferential grooves which are communicated and connected, the diameter of the upper circumferential groove is smaller than that of the lower circumferential groove, a first annular step surface is formed between the upper circumferential groove and the inner wall of the top of the outer sleeve 11, a second annular step surface is formed between the upper circumferential groove and the lower circumferential groove, a force application spring 5 is connected between the first annular step surface and the upper end surface of the spring stop block 3, the force application spring 5 is sleeved outside the inner sleeve 7, the outer sleeve 11 can axially move up and down relative to the inner sleeve 7 under the action of the force application spring 5, the inner diameter of the second annular step surface is smaller than the outer diameter of the spring stop block 3, and; the detection end of a pressure sensor 10 is fixedly arranged in the middle of an inner sleeve 7 through a set screw 9, the lower end of the pressure sensor 10 is connected with the upper end of a guide rod 6 through an elastic component 8, the lower end of the guide rod 6 is fixedly connected with a probe 1, the probe 1 is fixed on the guide rod 6 through threads, the lower end of the probe 1 downwards extends out of a spring stop 3 from the middle of the spring stop 3, the lower end face of the spring stop 3 is provided with an annular first piezoelectric film 2, the first piezoelectric film 2 surrounds the probe 1, and an annular second piezoelectric film 4 is arranged on the upper end face of the spring stop 3 corresponding to a second annular step face.
The elastic component 8 comprises an upper mounting seat, a lower mounting seat and a pressure spring connected between the upper mounting seat and the lower mounting seat, the upper mounting seat is fixed at the bottom of the detection end of the pressure sensor 10, and the lower mounting seat is fixedly connected with the upper end of the guide rod 6. The guide rod 6 and the probe 1 move up and down in the inner sleeve 7, an inner flange is arranged in the middle of the inner sleeve 7 and located below the lower mounting seat, and the lower mounting seat is prevented from moving downwards for limiting.
When the probe 2 and the outer sleeve 11 are pressed down to the right position, the first piezoelectric film 2 is pressed by fruit, and the second piezoelectric film 4 receives the step pressure of the inner wall of the outer sleeve 11 and reads the signal of the pressure sensor 10.
In specific implementation, the probe 1 is provided with probes with various specifications, and can be quickly selected and replaced according to the types of fruits.
The elastic coefficient of the force application spring 5 is far larger than that of the pressure spring in the elastic component 8, so that the probe 1 can be retracted to the right position when the force application spring 5 is completely compressed.
As shown in fig. 3, the working process of the present invention is:
an operator holds the outer sleeve 11 by hand to place the instrument on the surface of a fruit, vertically and directly touches and presses the probe 1 to the surface of the fruit, but the first piezoelectric film 2 is not in contact with the surface of the fruit, then the outer sleeve 11 is held to start pressing downwards, the pressure spring in the elastic component 8 contracts, the probe 1 overcomes the spring force of the pressure spring, and moves upwards relative to the first piezoelectric film 2, so that the first piezoelectric film 2 is in contact and pressed to the surface of the fruit.
Since the elastic coefficient of the force application spring 5 is much larger than that of the pressure spring in the elastic assembly 8, the pressure spring in the elastic assembly 8 contracts before the force application spring 5 in the first pressing process.
Then, the downward pressure is continuously applied, the force application spring 5 contracts, and the force application spring 5 overcomes the spring force action, so that the second annular step surface is contacted with the second piezoelectric film 4 pressed on the upper end surface of the spring stop 3.
The elastic coefficient of the force application spring 5 is far greater than that of a pressure spring in the elastic assembly 8, the first piezoelectric film collects data earlier than the second piezoelectric film, the two piezoelectric films are considered to be pressed down in place when collecting pressure, and the signal value of the pressure sensor 10 is read as a collection result, so that the collection precision can be improved, the consistency of collection under handheld operation of different hands at each time is guaranteed, and the problem of force balance of collection at each time is solved. As shown in fig. 2, the fruit surface is slightly depressed under the compression of the probe to provide resistance to the probe, which increases with the hardness of the fruit, and is collected by the pressure sensor as a measure of the hardness of the fruit.
The compression amount of the pressure spring in the elastic component 8 changes along with the hardness of the fruit every time, the larger the hardness of the fruit is, the larger the compression amount of the spring is, the hardness of the fruit is further embodied by the spring force, and the spring force of the elastic component 8 is collected by the pressure sensor.
If do not the utility model discloses the special design structure of instrument, the handheld instrument of people exerts pressure to the fruit surface, and the handheld instrument of people can't control the pressure that the hand looks instrument was exerted when pressing the fruit surface, and this pressure also can't accurate collection, consequently under different collection circumstances such as different people and different times collection, can't realize only unanimous pressure of exerting. Due to the different pressure under different collecting conditions, interference and influence are formed, and the difference and difference of signal data obtained by each time of collecting and detecting of the pressure sensor are caused.
From this, it is visible through the aforesaid implementation, the utility model discloses can guarantee that application of force spring 5 compression volume is the same at every collection, provide stable spring force when pushing down and targetting in place, make pressure sensor can detect the collection under stable spring force and obtain the pressure value (for the pressure that compression volume of pressure spring corresponds among the elastic component 8), piezoelectric film can further avoid the influence that pressure and the loading speed that the operator hand was applyed bring to the collection, can avoid the collection result to receive the hand and exert the different influence of fruit surface pressure and disturb and cause unsafe problem with the instrument.
Claims (4)
1. A portable device for piezoelectric data acquisition of fruit hardness, characterized by: the piezoelectric data detection mechanism mainly comprises an outer sleeve (11), an inner sleeve (7), a probe (1), a first piezoelectric film (2), a spring stop block (3), a second piezoelectric film (4), a force application spring (5), a guide rod (6), an elastic component (8) and a pressure sensor (10); the outer sleeve (11) is sleeved outside the inner sleeve (7), the bottom end of the inner sleeve (7) is fixedly connected with an annular spring stop block (3), an upper circumferential groove and a lower circumferential groove are formed in the outer sleeve (11) from the middle to the inner wall of the bottom of the outer sleeve, the diameter of the upper circumferential groove is smaller than that of the lower circumferential groove, a first annular step surface is formed between the upper circumferential groove and the inner wall of the top of the outer sleeve (11), a second annular step surface is formed between the upper circumferential groove and the lower circumferential groove, a force application spring (5) is connected between the first annular step surface and the upper end face of the spring stop block (3), and the inner diameter of the second annular step surface is smaller than the outer diameter of the spring stop block (3), so that the step is stopped and limited by the upper end face; pressure sensor (10) pass through holding screw (9) fixed mounting in the middle of inner skleeve (7), pressure sensor (10) lower extreme is connected through elastic component (8) and guide arm (6) upper end, guide arm (6) lower extreme and probe (1) rigid coupling, probe (1) stretches out in spring dog (3) downwards in the middle of spring dog (3), the lower terminal surface of spring dog (3) is provided with first piezoelectric film (2), be provided with second piezoelectric film (4) on spring dog (3) up end that second annular step face corresponds.
2. The portable device for piezoelectric data acquisition of fruit firmness according to claim 1, wherein:
the elastic component (8) comprises an upper mounting seat, a lower mounting seat and a pressure spring connected between the upper mounting seat and the lower mounting seat, the upper mounting seat is fixed at the bottom of the pressure sensor (10), and the lower mounting seat is fixedly connected with the upper end of the guide rod (6).
3. The portable device for piezoelectric data acquisition of fruit firmness according to claim 1, wherein:
an inner flange is arranged in the middle of the inner sleeve (7) and located below the lower mounting seat to block the lower mounting seat from descending for limiting.
4. The portable device for piezoelectric data acquisition of fruit firmness according to claim 1, wherein:
the elastic coefficient of the force application spring (5) is larger than that of the pressure spring in the elastic assembly (8), so that the probe (1) can be retracted to the right position when the force application spring (5) is completely compressed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2019200023552 | 2019-01-02 | ||
| CN201920002355 | 2019-01-02 |
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| CN211825515U true CN211825515U (en) | 2020-10-30 |
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| CN201921975896.XU Active CN211825515U (en) | 2019-01-02 | 2019-11-15 | Portable device for piezoelectric data acquisition of fruit hardness |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109632543A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-04-16 | 浙江大学 | Portable fruit hardness determination instrument |
| CN117191617B (en) * | 2023-09-21 | 2024-01-05 | 长春师范大学 | Actinidia arguta maturity detection device with press function |
-
2019
- 2019-11-15 CN CN201921975896.XU patent/CN211825515U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109632543A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-04-16 | 浙江大学 | Portable fruit hardness determination instrument |
| CN109632543B (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2024-01-09 | 浙江大学 | Portable fruit hardness detecting instrument |
| CN117191617B (en) * | 2023-09-21 | 2024-01-05 | 长春师范大学 | Actinidia arguta maturity detection device with press function |
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