CN211824948U

CN211824948U - Building model loading device

Info

Publication number: CN211824948U
Application number: CN202020206930.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 艾婷; 王柏弋; 刘洋; 张朝鹏
Original assignee: Sichuan University
Current assignee: Sichuan University
Priority date: 2020-02-25
Filing date: 2020-02-25
Publication date: 2020-10-30
Anticipated expiration: 2030-02-25

Abstract

The utility model provides a building model loading device, the device include high-rise building analog structure group, aircraft analog structure group and mount pad, high-rise building analog structure group includes bottom plate, multi-storey building model, aircraft analog structure group includes pendulum frame, pendulum. The utility model discloses the device is to the incident that super high-rise building probably meets with the aircraft striking among the actual life to and the universality needs of colleges and universities' architectural structure research and propose. The utility model discloses the device can be used to implement the building model and meet the loading test of aircraft striking, especially is used for the teaching of this branch of academic or vocational study, and the instrument is used in the research of the defensive aspect of aircraft striking when designing as high-rise building model. The device simple structure, convenient operation can give full play to student's hands-on ability, easily transport simultaneously, conveniently develop the experiment.

Description

Building model loading device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the civil engineering field, concretely relates to implement loading device that high-rise building model suffered aircraft impact effect by accident.

Background

Along with the continuous expansion of urban construction scale, the number of super high-rise buildings is also increased, and the probability of the super high-rise buildings encountering aircraft impact events is correspondingly increased. The latter is extremely serious if the super high-rise building collapses due to the aircraft impact, so that it is important to design an important super high-rise building in consideration of the accidental effect of the aircraft impact and how to defend.

The model can be regarded as a reduced version of a real structure, the design of the structural model is closely related to the design of an actual engineering, and when a novel structure is built and theoretical analysis is not complete, the production of the reduced version of the model and the research of the mechanical property of the reduced version of the model are necessary. The development of the experimental research of the structural model can promote the culture, subject development and teaching reformation of civil engineering professionals. The prior art has not been reported about experimental devices or related studies for implementing a super high-rise building model subjected to the accidental impact of an aircraft.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to provide a building model loading device for implement that high-rise building model suffers the aircraft impact effect of accident, especially be used for the teaching of this branch of academic or vocational study, when designing as high-rise building model to the instrument is used in the research of the defensive aspect of aircraft striking.

The utility model discloses to the incident that super high-rise building probably met with the aircraft striking among the actual life to and colleges and universities 'building structure research's universality needs, designed one set and can implement the loading testing arrangement that building model met with the aircraft striking. The device simple structure, convenient operation can give full play to student's hands-on ability, easily transport simultaneously, conveniently develop super high-rise building model loading experiment.

The utility model provides a loading device for implementing that a high-rise building model suffers from accidental impact of an aircraft, which comprises a high-rise building simulation structure group, an aircraft simulation structure group and a mounting seat, wherein the high-rise building simulation structure group comprises a bottom plate and a multi-layer building model, and the aircraft simulation structure group comprises a pendulum frame and a pendulum bob;

the multi-storey building model is composed of four upright posts, a roof, a plurality of floor sheets and a bottom plate, wherein the four upright posts are fixed on the bottom plate in an array manner to form a square column to simulate the building appearance, the roof is installed at the top of the square column, and the floor sheets are horizontally installed in the internal space of the square column at equal intervals along the elevation and fixed on the upright posts; the mounting seat is composed of a pressing strip for reinforcing the fixation of the base and the ground, a weight block for limiting the rotation or displacement of the bottom plate of the building model in the process of being impacted, and a mounting plate; the layering stridees across the bottom plate of building model, and both ends are fixed on the mounting panel, fixes the multilayer building model on the mount pad.

Further, the pendulum bob is composed of a pendulum ball and a pendulum cable, the pendulum ball is hung on a first cross beam arranged at the top of the pendulum bob frame through the pendulum cable, a second cross beam is arranged at a certain horizontal distance from the first cross beam, the horizontal distance is the length of the pendulum cable, the pendulum bob is hung on the second cross beam through a hanging rope before being swung down so that the whole pendulum bob is kept horizontal, and the relative positions of the two cross beams and the building model meet the requirement that the pendulum ball applies horizontal impact force to the building model after the pendulum bob is swung down, namely, the falling swing angle of the pendulum bob is 90 degrees.

Further, pendulum is supporting to be provided with pivot and sleeve, the certain distance of interval is provided with two risers on the first crossbeam, and the pivot via hole has been seted up to the symmetry on the board, and the pivot both ends are passed the pivot via hole and are fixed between two risers, the cover pipe box is in the pivot, and the relative slip and the rotation between sleeve and the pivot are satisfied with the size of pivot to the sleeve pipe, pendulum cable fixed connection is on the sleeve.

Furthermore, on the pivot, be located the sleeve both ends and be provided with the stopper that is used for restricting the sleeve and slides on the pivot.

Furthermore, the limiting device is an open ring matched with the diameter of the rotating shaft in size, limiting bulges higher than the diameter of the sleeve are arranged on the ring, symmetrical locking flanges are arranged at two ends of the opening of the ring, and the locking flanges are buckled by an iron wire or a spring clamp after the ring is sleeved in the rotating shaft to realize the fixation of the limiting device on the rotating shaft, so that the sliding of the sleeve is limited.

Preferably, to increase the stability of the fixation, a spacer may be provided between the stopper and the sleeve.

Preferably, the stopper can be formed by integrally bending a steel wire.

Furthermore, the rotating shaft through holes in the two vertical plates on the first cross beam are vertical oval long holes, two sides of each rotating shaft through hole are respectively provided with a vertical oval screw hole, and the two screw holes and the rotating shaft through holes are positioned on the same straight line; two riser outsides are equipped with two installation backing plates respectively, set up on the installation backing plate with the circular pivot via hole and two circular screw of three elliptical aperture one-to-one on the riser, the pivot via hole on riser and the installation backing plate is passed in proper order at the pivot both ends, through the mounting height of adjustment pivot upper and lower position control pivot in oval slot hole, then pass the screw on riser and the installation backing plate through the screw with the fixed installation that realizes the pivot together of riser.

Furthermore, the pendulum cable of the pendulum bob is composed of two steel cables, the pendulum bob is a steel ball, and two ends of the pendulum cable are symmetrically connected to the steel ball and the outer wall of the sleeve.

Furthermore, the pendulum frame is a symmetrical frame structure built by a cross rod and a vertical rod, and the first cross beam and the second cross beam are perpendicular to the swinging surface of the pendulum.

Furthermore, a ground or desktop protective layer, preferably plywood, is arranged on the mounting seat in a matched manner, and is used for preventing heavy objects from damaging the ground or the desktop when the load collapses; the plywood is hollowed according to the size of the mounting seat and the size of the pendulum bracket so as to reserve a direct fixing position with a table top or the ground, and a gap between the mounting seat and the plywood is filled with medium sand.

Further, the weight is placed on the mounting plate and falls down on the opposite side of the side upon impact with the construction model.

Furthermore, the building model is provided with a plurality of balancing weights in a matching way for applying live load.

Further, the pendulum frame pedestal is fixed on the ground or a table top, or the support is prevented from displacing in the swinging process of the pendulum by piling up sand bags.

The above technical scheme of the utility model, the pendulum frame can use steel pipe or steel sheet welding preparation, the building model, mount pad, layering etc. can adopt the steel preparation, and iron plate is chooseed for use to ballast piece and balancing weight. The pendulum bob is matched and provided with a plurality of pendulum bobs according to the weight so that the pendulum bobs can be replaced to exert horizontal impact effects of different levels. If 4 steel balls with the diameters of 63mm, 80mm, 90mm and 100mm can be arranged, two steel bars with the diameter of 6mm can be used as the swinging cable.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme of the utility model, the structure of high-rise building model is not unique, and the model structural style that can investigate as required changes, produces the required multilayer building model of investigating, install in suffer the test of aircraft impact effect by accident among the loading device. The model of multiple different structural style can also be made simultaneously, in the test process, the ability of resisting the accidental impact action of the aircraft of different model structures can be investigated by replacing different to-be-tested multi-storey building models, so that a reasonable structure is selected for guiding the design of the actual high-storey building model.

The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

1. the utility model provides a simulation high-rise building model suffers loading device of aircraft accidental impact effect for implement the accidental impact effect that super high-rise frame structure model received the aircraft, as the research instrument in the aspect of the mechanics after suffering the aircraft striking in the super high-rise building design, also can regard as teaching research auxiliary equipment to use. The utility model discloses the device can be used to the teaching and the experimental apparatus of university's building class structural design course, can utilize the device to enrich this type of course classroom practice link. In the teaching process, students can be organized to independently design the super high-rise building model and manually make the model, and then the capability of the made model for resisting the accidental impact action of the aircraft is investigated, so that the students are guided to design and help practice.

2. The device suffers the teaching aid of research in the aspect of the aircraft striking as in the high-rise building model design research, and implementation load is installed to the model, can realize whole manual operation, can greatly strengthen student's hands-on ability and practice classroom's interest. For example, a model base plate is fixed through a plurality of pressing strips and bolts, vertical live load is applied in a mode of manually adding an iron block, and the pendulum bob freely falls to impact the model by shearing a lifting rope so as to simulate the accidental impact action of the aircraft.

3. The utility model discloses the device adopts the frame form, is the four sides full open mode in operation process, and the convenience is in spectator's whole journey observation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a loading apparatus;

fig. 2 is a side view of the loading device.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a riser and mounting mat.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view (a) of the structure of the stopper and a schematic view of the installation on the rotating shaft.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the mounting of the bottom plate on the mounting seat of the architectural model and the position of the weight.

Fig. 6 is a loading schematic diagram of the loading device.

In the figure, 1-bottom plate, 2-building model, 3-pendulum frame, 3-1-first beam, 3-2-second beam, 3-3 vertical plate, 3-4-installation base plate, 4-pendulum, 4-1-rotating shaft, 4-2 sleeve, 5-limiter, 5-1-gasket, 6-batten, 7-weight block, 8-installation seat, 9-weight iron block and 10-lifting rope.

Detailed Description

The loading device of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments. It should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and modifications to the present invention according to the above-mentioned contents of the invention and still fall into the scope of the invention.

Example 1

The loading device for implementing the accidental impact action of the aircraft on the high-rise building model has a structure consisting of a high-rise building simulation structure group, an aircraft simulation structure group and a mounting seat, wherein the high-rise building simulation structure group comprises a bottom plate 1 and a multi-layer building model 2, and the aircraft simulation structure group comprises a pendulum frame 3, a pendulum 4 and a limiter 5;

the multi-storey building model is composed of four upright posts, a roof, a plurality of floor sheets and a bottom plate, wherein the four upright posts are fixed on the bottom plate in an array manner to form a square column to simulate the building appearance, the roof is installed at the top of the square column, and the floor sheets are horizontally installed in the internal space of the square column at equal intervals along the elevation and fixed on the upright posts; the mounting seat is composed of a pressing strip 6 for reinforcing the fixation of the base and the ground, a weight 7 for limiting the rotation or displacement of the bottom plate of the building model in the process of being impacted and a mounting seat 8; the number of the pressing strips is three, the pressing strips parallelly span and cover the bottom plate of the building model, and two ends of the pressing strips are fixed on the mounting plate, so that the multi-layer building model is fixed on the mounting seat. The weight is placed on the mounting plate and falls down on the opposite side of the side that is opposite to the side that is inclined after encountering an impact with the architectural model.

The pendulum bob is composed of a pendulum ball and a pendulum cable, the pendulum cable is a rigid steel cable, the pendulum ball is a steel ball, the pendulum ball is hung on a first cross beam 3-1 through the pendulum cable, a second cross beam 3-2 is arranged at a certain horizontal distance from the first cross beam, the horizontal distance is the length of the pendulum cable, the pendulum bob is hung on the second cross beam through a hanging rope before being swung down so that the whole pendulum bob is kept horizontal, and the relative positions of the two cross beams and the building model meet the requirement that the pendulum ball applies horizontal impact force to the building model after the pendulum bob is swung down, namely, the falling and swinging angle of the pendulum bob is 90 degrees. The pendulum bob is matched with a rotating shaft 4-1 and a sleeve 4-2, two vertical plates 3-3 are arranged on the first cross beam at intervals, vertical oval long hole-shaped rotating shaft through holes are formed in the two vertical plates, two vertical oval screw holes are respectively formed in two sides of each rotating shaft through hole, and the two screw holes and the rotating shaft through holes are located on the same straight line; two mounting base plates 3-4 are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two vertical plates, circular rotating shaft through holes and two circular screw holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with three elliptical holes in the vertical plates are formed in the mounting base plates, the two ends of each rotating shaft sequentially penetrate through the rotating shaft through holes in the vertical plates and the mounting base plates, the mounting height of the rotating shafts is adjusted by adjusting the upper and lower positions of the rotating shafts in the elliptical long holes, and then the mounting base plates are fixed together with the vertical plates through the screw holes in the vertical plates and the mounting base plates through screws to achieve. The sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the size of the sleeve and the size of the rotating shaft meet the requirement of keeping the sleeve and the rotating shaft to slide and rotate relatively. The upper ends of the two swinging cables are respectively welded on the sleeve along the axial direction of the sleeve, the lower ends of the two swinging cables are respectively welded with the swinging ball, and the two swinging cables are symmetrically arranged. And the length of the sleeve is less than that of the rotating shaft, so that the sleeve can be horizontally moved on the rotating shaft, the relative position of the pendulum bob and the multi-layer building model is changed, and the impact position is changed. And the rotating shaft is provided with limiting devices 5 which are positioned at the two ends of the sleeve and used for limiting the position of the sleeve on the rotating shaft. The stopper is an opening ring which is formed by integrally bending a steel wire and matched with the diameter of the rotating shaft, limiting bulges higher than the diameter of the sleeve are integrally bent on the ring, symmetrical locking flanges are arranged at two ends of the opening of the ring, and the ring is sleeved in the rotating shaft and then folded with locking flange locks through an iron wire or a spring clamp to realize the fixation of the stopper on the rotating shaft, so that the sliding of the sleeve is limited. To increase the stability of the fixation, a spacer 5-1 may be provided between the stopper and the sleeve.

The pendulum frame is a symmetrical frame structure built by a cross rod and a vertical rod, and the first cross beam and the second cross beam are perpendicular to the swinging surface of the pendulum. The pendulum frame pedestal is fixed on the ground or the table top, or the support is prevented from displacing in the swinging process of the pendulum through a sand bag. The pendulum frame is made of steel pipes or steel plates by welding and consists of 4 columns, 2 cross beams at the bottom and 5 cross beams at the top, wherein the columns and the beams are thin-wall square steel pipes. All the connecting nodes are connected by adopting structural welding seams in a full-welding mode, and the shape of the connecting nodes is square when the connecting nodes are placed on the ground; vertical steel plates are welded at the positions, away from the two ends, of the first cross beam.

The mounting seat is provided with a ground or desktop protective layer in a matched manner, preferably plywood, and is used for preventing heavy objects from damaging the ground or the desktop when the load collapses; the middle part of the plywood is hollowed according to the size of the mounting seat, so that the mounting seat can be placed in the plywood, and a gap between the mounting seat and the plywood is filled with medium sand.

The building model is provided with a plurality of balancing weights in a matched mode and used for applying live load.

In this embodiment, the building model, the mount pad (steel plate), the layering and so on can adopt the steel preparation, and ballast piece and balancing weight select for use the iron plate. The pendulum bob is matched with a plurality of pendulum bobs according to the weight, so that the pendulum bobs can be replaced to exert horizontal impact effects of different levels, 4 steel balls with the diameters of 63mm, 80mm, 90mm and 100mm are specifically arranged, and the pendulum cable is two steel bars with the diameter of 6 mm.

In the teaching of the department, the loading test method for simulating the accidental impact of the aircraft on the high-rise building model by adopting the device of the embodiment is as follows:

(1) and (6) installing a model. And taking down the rotating shaft on the pendulum bob frame, selecting a steel ball pendulum bob with a certain grade according to the horizontal loading requirement, sleeving the pendulum bob sleeve on the rotating shaft, and installing the rotating shaft back on the pendulum bob frame to enable the pendulum bob to be in a natural suspension state. And placing the building model on a mounting steel plate, selecting a horizontal loading impacted point according to loading requirements, and adjusting the positions of the model and the pendulum bob to ensure that the model horizontal loading impacted point is in no displacement contact with the steel ball. Aligning the steel ball with the center of the model node. The pressing strips of the model base plate are fixed by screwing the bolts, so that when the model is horizontally loaded, horizontal and corner sliding is not generated between the model base plate and the mounting seat steel plate, the pendulum bob and the rotating shaft limiter are mounted, and the limiter can only limit the horizontal sliding of the pendulum bob and can not limit the rotation of the pendulum bob. And after the installation is finished, the pendulum bob is hung on the second cross beam by using the hanging rope.

(2) Vertical loading is applied to the building model through the balancing weight, the vertically loaded balancing weight iron block is equivalent to live load, and the loading part is shown in figure 1.

(3) A horizontal impact action is applied. The pendulum bob freely swings downwards to impact the model by cutting the lifting rope, so that the accidental impact action is simulated.

The test result is favorable for reasonably selecting the model structure of the high-rise building, and is favorable for improving the practical ability and the innovative thinking ability of students. For example, students can directly observe the phenomena of whether the model collapses or not, whether nodes are damaged or not and the like in a test, qualitatively judge the capability of the model for resisting impact according to the damage degree of the model, and improve the model design according to the model damage mode and the damage area. If the capability of the model for resisting the impact is to be quantitatively judged, the model quality, the number of vertically loaded iron blocks and the steel ball grade used in the horizontal impact are generally comprehensively considered for calculation, and comparison is carried out among different structures.

Claims

1. A building model loading device is characterized by comprising a high-rise building simulation structure group, an aircraft simulation structure group and a mounting seat, wherein the high-rise building simulation structure group comprises a bottom plate (1) and a multi-layer building model (2), and the aircraft simulation structure group comprises a pendulum bob frame (3) and a pendulum bob (4);

the multi-storey building model is composed of four upright posts, a roof, a plurality of floor sheets and a bottom plate, wherein the four upright posts are fixed on the bottom plate in an array manner to form a square column to simulate the building appearance, the roof is installed at the top of the square column, and the floor sheets are horizontally installed in the internal space of the square column at equal intervals along the elevation and fixed on the upright posts; the mounting seat is composed of a pressing strip (6) for reinforcing the fixation of the base and the ground, a weight block (7) for limiting the rotation or displacement of the bottom plate of the building model in the process of being impacted, and a mounting seat (8); the layering stridees across the bottom plate of building model, and both ends are fixed on the mounting panel, fixes the multilayer building model on the mount pad.

2. The building model loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pendulum bob is composed of a pendulum ball and a pendulum cable, the pendulum ball is hung on a first cross beam (3-1) arranged at the top of the pendulum bob frame through the pendulum cable, a second cross beam (3-2) is arranged at a certain horizontal distance from the first cross beam, the horizontal distance is the length of the pendulum cable, the pendulum bob is hung on the second cross beam through a hanging rope before being swung down so that the whole pendulum bob is kept horizontal, and the relative positions of the two cross beams and the building model meet the horizontal impact force applied to the building model by the pendulum ball after being swung down.

3. The building model loading device according to claim 2, wherein the pendulum bob is provided with a rotating shaft (4-1) and a sleeve (4-2) in a matching manner, the first beam is provided with two vertical plates (3-3) at a certain interval, the plates are symmetrically provided with rotating shaft through holes, two ends of the rotating shaft pass through the rotating shaft through holes and are fixed between the two vertical plates, the sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft, the size of the sleeve and the size of the rotating shaft meet the requirement of keeping the relative sliding and rotation between the sleeve and the rotating shaft, and the pendulum cable is fixedly connected to the sleeve.

4. The building model loading device according to claim 3, wherein stoppers (5-1) for limiting the position of the sleeve on the rotating shaft are provided on the rotating shaft at both ends of the sleeve.

5. The building model loading device of claim 4, wherein the stopper is an open ring matching with the diameter of the rotating shaft, the ring is provided with a limiting protrusion higher than the diameter of the sleeve, two ends of the open ring are provided with symmetrical locking flanges, and the ring is sleeved on the rotating shaft and then locked and folded by an iron wire or a spring clip to realize the fixation of the stopper on the rotating shaft, thereby limiting the sliding of the sleeve.

6. The architectural model loading apparatus of claim 5 wherein a spacer is disposed between the retainer and the sleeve.

7. The building model loading device according to claim 3, wherein the shaft through holes on the two risers on the first beam are vertical oval long holes, two sides of the shaft through hole are respectively provided with a vertical oval screw hole, and the two screw holes and the shaft through hole are positioned on the same straight line; two riser outsides are equipped with two installation backing plates respectively, set up on the installation backing plate with the circular pivot via hole and two circular screw of three elliptical aperture one-to-one on the riser, the pivot via hole on riser and the installation backing plate is passed in proper order at the pivot both ends, through the mounting height of adjustment pivot upper and lower position control pivot in oval slot hole, then pass the screw on riser and the installation backing plate through the screw with the fixed installation that realizes the pivot together of riser.

8. The building model loading device of any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the pendulum cable of the pendulum is two steel cables, the pendulum is a steel ball, and two ends of the pendulum cable are symmetrically connected to the steel ball and the outer wall of the sleeve.

9. The building model loading device of any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the pendulum frame is a symmetrical frame structure built up of cross bars and vertical bars, the first cross bar and the second cross bar being perpendicular to the plane of oscillation of the pendulum.

10. The construction model loading apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the weight is placed on the mounting plate on the opposite side of the side which is inclined after encountering the impact with the construction model; the building model is provided with a plurality of balancing weights in a matching way for applying live load; the pendulum frame column foot is fixed on the ground or the table top, or the support is prevented from displacing in the swinging process of the pendulum through a sand bag.