CN211814021U - Up-flow type biological enhanced anti-blocking constructed wetland system - Google Patents
Up-flow type biological enhanced anti-blocking constructed wetland system Download PDFInfo
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- CN211814021U CN211814021U CN202020164844.0U CN202020164844U CN211814021U CN 211814021 U CN211814021 U CN 211814021U CN 202020164844 U CN202020164844 U CN 202020164844U CN 211814021 U CN211814021 U CN 211814021U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an upflow type biological enhanced anti-blocking constructed wetland system, which comprises a wetland main bed body and an adjusting water tank, wherein, an upflow enhanced unit, a matrix layer and a plant planting layer are arranged in the wetland main bed body from bottom to top in sequence, the bottom of one side of the wetland main bed body is provided with a water inlet, the top of the other side is provided with a water outlet, the upflow enhanced unit comprises a water inlet pipeline, an aeration pipeline and a biological enhanced filler, and the top of the water inlet pipeline is of a hollow structure; the aeration pipeline is arranged in the water inlet pipeline, the biological reinforced filler is distributed in the water inlet pipeline, and the water inlet pipeline is communicated with the water inlet; the regulation pond sets up in the side of intaking of the main bed body in wetland, through water inlet and the inside UNICOM of the main bed body in wetland, the top of regulation pond is provided with filtration.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the sewage purification field relates to an artificial wetland system is prevented blockking up by STREAMING biological enhancement type.
Background
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes prior art that is already known to a person skilled in the art.
The artificial wetland is a water purification system constructed and constructed by simulating a natural wetland system, has the advantages of easiness in maintenance, low operation cost, capability of beautifying the environment and the like, and the application number and the scale of the artificial wetland are increasing day by day. The artificial wetland system mainly comprises a substrate, wetland plants and microorganisms. The removal of the pollutants is completed by the three parts of actions, including substrate adsorption, plant absorption and surface adsorption thereof, and the metabolism of microorganisms. Wherein the adsorption of the matrix is a physicochemical process and there is a reversible change of adsorption and desorption; the absorption of the plant mainly utilizes the active or passive absorption of the plant, the plant can enter the plant body through cell walls and cell membranes, and the absorbed and utilized substances generally mainly comprise small molecules, have certain selectivity and have a slow process. Therefore, the removal of contaminants by plant and substrate action has the disadvantages of incomplete, strong selectivity, slow process, etc. And the organic matters are degraded into micromolecular inorganic matters or synthesized cell matters through the metabolism of microorganisms, so that pollutants can be completely, thoroughly and quickly removed. And because the microorganisms are abundant in variety, some microorganisms can specifically degrade macromolecules or organic matters which are difficult to degrade in the environment, and the high-concentration wastewater can be well removed. In the constructed wetland system, although microorganisms are attached to and grown on the substrate and the plant surface, the amount of microorganisms is small, and it is difficult to sufficiently exert the degradation function of the microorganisms. Starting from the aspect of strengthening the microorganisms, the water quality purification capacity of the constructed wetland system can be further improved, and the method has important significance for the application of the constructed wetland system in advanced sewage treatment and high-concentration wastewater treatment.
In addition, the traditional artificial wetland generally adopts horizontal flow, vertical flow and other operation modes, wherein plant residues, suspended particles in water and the like are easy to deposit, so that the artificial wetland is easy to block matrixes in the operation process, the dynamic conditions of water are influenced after the matrixes are blocked, the effective water purification capacity of the system is greatly reduced, and the water quality purification effect is reduced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide an upflow type biological enhanced anti-blocking constructed wetland system and a sewage purification method.
In order to realize the purpose of the utility model, one or more embodiments of the utility model disclose the following technical solutions:
one aspect of the utility model provides an upflow type biological strengthening anti-clogging constructed wetland system, which comprises a wetland main bed body and a regulating reservoir, wherein,
the wetland main bed body is internally provided with an upflow reinforcement unit, a matrix layer and a plant planting layer from bottom to top in sequence, the bottom of one side of the wetland main bed body is provided with a water inlet, the top of the other side of the wetland main bed body is provided with a water outlet, the upflow reinforcement unit comprises a water inlet pipeline, an aeration pipeline and a biological reinforcement filler, and the top of the water inlet pipeline is of a hollow structure; the aeration pipeline is arranged in the water inlet pipeline, the biological reinforced filler is distributed in the water inlet pipeline, and the water inlet pipeline is communicated with the water inlet;
the regulation pond sets up in the side of intaking of the main bed body in wetland, through water inlet and the inside UNICOM of the main bed body in wetland, the top of regulation pond is provided with filtration.
The utility model discloses an on the other hand provides the utilization upflow type biological strengthening type prevents blockking up constructed wetland system's sewage purification method, including following step:
filtering the sewage to be purified, then feeding the sewage into a regulating water tank, feeding the sewage into a water inlet pipeline through a water inlet, aerating the water inlet pipeline, and enriching a biological film on a biological reinforced filler to biodegrade pollutants in the sewage;
the sewage after preliminary purification flows through the wetland main bed body from bottom to top under the action of aeration, dissolved oxygen is brought into the wetland bed, water quality purification is further carried out under the actions of matrix adsorption, plant absorption and microorganism degradation, and the purified water is discharged from a water outlet.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a more than one or more embodiments have gained following beneficial effect:
1. the filtration in the regulation pond can filter the bold suspended solid in the sewage, can prevent effectively that the suspended solid from directly getting into constructed wetland, causes the jam to the matrix.
2. The biological strengthening filler can be enriched with microorganisms to form a biological film, and is beneficial to improving the overall water treatment effect of the system under the aerobic environment provided by aeration.
3. Through the upwash enhancement, the traditional constructed wetland structure is changed, the hydrodynamic condition in the system is effectively improved, the microorganism removing process in the system is enhanced, the purifying capacity is obviously improved, and the water quality of the water is greatly improved. By combining the water inlet regulation and control with aeration oxygenation, the problem of blockage of the wetland system can be effectively solved, and the service life of the artificial wetland system is prolonged. Can treat high-concentration wastewater, remarkably improve the organic load and the hydraulic load of a system, and enhance the operation capacity.
4. The defect that the treatment capacity of the artificial wetland system is reduced in winter can be overcome, dissolved oxygen can be supplemented into the system in the aeration process in winter to supply microorganism metabolism activity, and a physical warming process can be provided for a water body, so that the upflow strengthening unit can continuously play a purifying role in different seasons, and the continuous function of the wetland system is ensured to play a role.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without unduly limiting the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an upflow bio-enhanced anti-clogging constructed wetland system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of a water inlet in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of an upflow reinforcement unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an upflow reinforcement unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, adjusting a water pool; 2. a filter frame; 3. a filter frame support; 4. a water quantity adjusting plate; 5. a hinge; 6. a water quantity adjusting control lever; 7. a water inlet; 8. a water-permeable grid plate; 9. an aeration system; 10. a bio-reinforcing filler; 11. a water outlet; 12. an effluent water storage tank; 13. a drain pipe; 14. wetland plants.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
One aspect of the utility model provides an upflow type biological strengthening anti-clogging constructed wetland system, which comprises a wetland main bed body and a regulating reservoir, wherein,
the wetland main bed body is internally provided with an upflow reinforcement unit, a matrix layer and a plant planting layer from bottom to top in sequence, the bottom of one side of the wetland main bed body is provided with a water inlet, the top of the other side of the wetland main bed body is provided with a water outlet, the upflow reinforcement unit comprises a water inlet pipeline, an aeration pipeline and a biological reinforcement filler, and the top of the water inlet pipeline is of a hollow structure; the aeration pipeline is arranged in the water inlet pipeline, the biological reinforced filler is distributed in the water inlet pipeline, and the water inlet pipeline is communicated with the water inlet;
the regulation pond sets up in the side of intaking of the main bed body in wetland, through water inlet and the inside UNICOM of the main bed body in wetland, the top of regulation pond is provided with filtration.
In some embodiments, the top of the water inlet pipe is a water permeable grid.
Furthermore, the distance between the permeable grid plates is 3-5 cm.
Furthermore, the vertical section of the water inlet pipeline is square.
The sewage in the water inlet pipeline can uniformly flow into the matrix above the water inlet pipeline through the permeable grid plate, so that the distribution uniformity of the sewage in the artificial wetland can be effectively improved, and the treatment effect of the sewage is further improved.
In some embodiments, the bio-reinforcing filler is a soft fiber bundle ball or a hollow plastic body filler.
Furthermore, the diameter of the soft fiber bundle ball is 10-15cm, and the diameter of the hollow plastic body filler is 5-10 cm.
Further, the bio-reinforcing filler is fixed to the rope. The biological reinforced filler can be conveniently pulled out through the water inlet, and the filler can be replaced.
Furthermore, the density of the biological reinforcing filler on the rope is 10-25/m.
In some embodiments, the particles in the matrix layer decrease in size from bottom to top in sequence.
In some embodiments, the plants grown in the plant growing layer are emergent aquatic plants.
Further, the emergent aquatic plant is reed, cattail, wild rice grass, common burreed rhizome, allium mongolicum or calamus.
Furthermore, the planting density of emergent aquatic plants is 9-25 plants/m2。
In some embodiments, a water quantity adjusting device is further provided, which comprises a water quantity adjusting plate, a connecting rod and an operating rod, wherein the upper end of the water quantity adjusting plate is hinged to the upper part of the water inlet of the main wet bed body, the lower end of the water quantity adjusting plate is connected with the operating rod through the connecting rod, and the operating rod is fixed at different heights of the main wet bed body so as to adjust the opening degree of the water quantity adjusting plate.
The cover plate can be lifted by lifting the control rod, so that the flow cross section of the water inlet can be increased. The overflowing section shielded by the lower water quantity adjusting plate can be changed by changing the hanging position of the operating rod, so that the water quantity entering the wetland system can be adjusted and controlled. The instant water inflow load is changed through the blocking range of the intermittent water quantity changing adjusting plate, the hydrodynamic process in the wetland system is improved through the hydraulic impact effect, and the condition of the internal blockage of the wetland is improved.
In some embodiments, the bed further comprises an effluent water storage tank arranged on the effluent side of the wet main bed body.
The utility model discloses an on the other hand provides the utilization upflow type biological strengthening type prevents blockking up constructed wetland system's sewage purification method, including following step:
the sewage to be purified enters a regulating water tank after being filtered, enters a water inlet pipeline through a water inlet, is aerated into the water inlet pipeline at the same time, and is enriched with a biological film on a biological reinforced filler, so that pollutants in the sewage are biodegraded under the action of microorganisms;
the sewage after primary purification flows through the wetland main bed body from bottom to top; the water quality is purified under the action of matrix adsorption and plant absorption, and the purified water is discharged from a water outlet.
In some embodiments, when the sewage treatment effect is reduced, the water flow is too slow or the drainage is not smooth, the hanging height of the control lever is adjusted to change the water quantity of the water inlet, and hydrodynamic impact is provided through the instantaneous fluctuation of the water quantity, so that the internal blockage of the wetland is impacted and peeled off the gap or the surface of the substrate, and the internal blockage of the wetland leaves the artificial wetland along with the ascending air flow under the action of the lower aeration.
Example one
As shown in figure 1, the system is adopted to enhance the wetland treatment effect and carry out advanced sewage treatment.
Sewage firstly enters the regulating reservoir 1 through the filter frame 2. The filter frame is made of stainless steel and is a square frame, and the length and the width of the whole filter frame are consistent with those of the adjusting water tank. The frame divides frame and inside casing, and the frame can be become by the square stainless steel of cross-section, and cross-section side length 8mm, inside casing cross-section side length 3mm, the inside casing is latticed, and the net interval is 5mm for hold back the suspended particles thing in the water, preliminary purification quality of water. The filter frame 2 is fixed on the wall of the adjusting water pool through a bracket 3. After the water after the preliminary purification stays for a short time in the regulating tank 1, the water enters the wetland system through the water inlet 7 at the bottom.
As shown in fig. 2, the wetland water inlets 7 are uniformly arranged at the lower side of the wetland main body, the section of the wetland water inlets is square, the length of the wetland water inlets is 30cm, and the water quantity adjusting plate 4 is arranged at the outer side of the water inlets. The water quantity adjusting plate 4 is made of stainless steel, the side length is 45cm, and one end of the water quantity adjusting plate is connected with the control rod 6 through a hinge 5. The wetland main bed body can be constructed artificially or corrected by utilizing a natural pond, the bed body can be made of concrete, masonry or clay, and an impermeable and waterproof layer needs to be laid at the bottom of the bed body to prevent the influence on underground water. A filler matrix layer is arranged in the bed body. The substrate layers are arranged from top to bottom according to the grain diameter from small to large, if sand, gravel and stones are adopted, in order to ensure the gas passage of the up-flow strengthening unit, the grain diameter of the stone at the bottommost layer is 5 cm. The length-width ratio of the artificial wetland unit can be set as 3: 1, depth of 1.0m and hydraulic gradient of 1.0%. The artificial wetland is mainly planted with emergent aquatic plants 14, such as reed and cattail, and the planting density is 15 plants/m2。
The upflow strengthening unit is arranged at the lower part of the main bed body of the artificial wetland system. The upflow strengthening unit is a concrete pipeline which extends a water inlet of the wetland into the wetland, the pipeline is uniformly distributed at the bottom of the wetland, the section is square, the side length is 30cm, the upper part of the water inlet pipeline is provided with concrete permeable grid plates 8, as shown in figure 3, the distance between the grid plates is 3cm, and water can freely pass through the biological filler pipe upwards. An aeration system 9 and a biological strengthening filler 10 are arranged in the pipeline at the same time, as shown in figure 4. The aeration system 9 is arranged at the bottom of the upflow strengthening unit, adopts a tubular diffuser and takes a flexible rubber material as an aeration device, and the aperture is 5 mm. The soft fiber bundle filler is placed inside the pipeline, the filler with the length of 10-15cm is fixed on the stainless steel rope in a binding mode, and the filler is convenient to pull out through the water inlet and replace. The filler density is 10/m, and the biological strengthening filler has large specific surface area, so that the biological strengthening filler can be used for enriching microorganisms to form a biological film and improving the water treatment effect.
The aeration device at the bottom of the upflow strengthening unit continuously conveys air into the system, provides upflow hydrodynamic conditions and supplements the dissolved oxygen of the system. Due to the existence of the filler and the dissolved oxygen, a large amount of biological films are generated on the surface of the filler in the upflow reinforced unit, and a part of pollutants can be removed through biodegradation before entering the wetland unit. The aerated and oxygenated sewage then flows upwards through the concrete permeable grid plate on the upper part of the upflow strengthening unit and enters the artificial wetland main bed body. Under the absorption of the plants in the artificial wetland system, the adsorption of the substrate and the action of microorganisms on the surface of the substrate plants, the pollutants are removed.
The treated water enters an effluent water storage tank 12 through an upper water outlet 11 of the wetland system and finally enters the receiving water body through a drain pipe 13.
The specific operation process is as follows:
after the sewage is filtered by the filter frame, suspended solids with larger particle sizes are intercepted, the primarily purified water enters the regulating water tank, and the water firstly enters the upflow strengthening unit of the artificial wetland system through a water inlet at the lower part of the regulating water tank. The aeration device at the bottom of the upflow strengthening unit continuously conveys air into the system, provides upflow hydrodynamic conditions and supplements the dissolved oxygen of the system. Due to the existence of the filler and the dissolved oxygen, a large amount of biological films are generated on the surface of the filler in the upflow reinforced unit, and a part of pollutants can be removed through biodegradation before entering the wetland unit. The aerated and oxygenated sewage then passes through the concrete permeable grid plate on the upper part of the upflow strengthening unit and flows upwards into the artificial wetland main bed body under the assistance of gas ascent. Under the effects of the absorption of the plants in the artificial wetland system, the adsorption of the substrate and the microorganisms on the surface of the substrate plants, the pollutants are removed, and because of the existence of the aeration device, the aerobic microorganisms can propagate in the wetland system in a large quantity, so that the removal efficiency of the wetland system on the organic pollutants and nitrogen is greatly improved. The treated effluent overflows from the upper part of the wetland into an effluent water storage tank and enters into a receiving water body through a drainage pipeline.
When the system has the conditions of treatment effect reduction, water flow over-slow or drainage unsmooth and the like, the hanging position of the control lever can be adjusted, the overflowing section shielded by the lower water quantity adjusting plate is changed, the water quantity entering the wetland system is adjusted and controlled, hydrodynamic impact is provided through instantaneous fluctuation of the water quantity, fallen leaves, fallen biological membranes and the like blocked in the wetland are impacted and peeled off from the gaps or the surfaces of the matrix, and the fallen leaves, the fallen biological membranes and the like leave the wetland system along with ascending air flow under the action of lower aeration.
Example two
The system is used for treating high-concentration wastewater, so that the removal effect of the system is improved, and the problem that the wetland is easy to block under the condition of high organic load is solved.
The system of this embodiment is similar basically with embodiment one, but because the organic load of intaking is high, and the suspension solid that probably contains is more great, adjusts the inside casing interval that filters frame 2 in the pond 1 and can increase, is 10mm for hold back the great suspended particles of particle size in the water, preliminary purification quality of water. After the water after the preliminary purification stays for a short time in the regulating tank 1, the water enters the wetland system through the water inlet 7 at the bottom.
The side length of the wetland water inlet 7 can be increased to 40cm, so that the wetland blockage can be relieved by forming hydraulic impact through the change of the water quantity adjusting plate 4. The water quantity adjusting plate 4 is made of stainless steel, the side length is 55cm, and one end of the water quantity adjusting plate is connected with the control rod 6 through a hinge 5. The wetland main bed body can be constructed artificially or corrected by utilizing a natural pond, the bed body can be made of concrete, masonry or clay, and an impermeable and waterproof layer needs to be laid at the bottom of the bed body to prevent the influence on underground water. A filler matrix layer is arranged in the bed body. The substrate layer is from small to large according to the particle sizeAnd the bottom layer is placed in sequence, such as sand, gravel and stones, and the particle size of the stone at the bottommost layer is 5cm in order to ensure the gas passage of the upflow reinforcement unit. The length-width ratio of the artificial wetland unit can be set as 2: 1, depth of 1.0m and hydraulic gradient of 0.5 percent. To improve the removal effect, the emergent aquatic plants 14 such as reed and cattail can be planted at a density of 25 plants/m2。
The distance between the water-permeable grid plates 8 of the upflow strengthening unit is 5cm, the aeration system 9 adopts a tubular diffuser which is made of flexible rubber materials, and the aperture is 5 mm. The biological reinforced filler 10 is a spherical hollow plastic filler with the diameter of 5cm, the interior of the filler is wrapped by a soft fiber bundle filler, the length of the filler is 5cm, the filler is fixed on a stainless steel rope in a binding mode, and the density of the filler is 20/m.
The surface of the filler is enriched with a large amount of biological films, microorganisms in the biological films remove a large amount of pollutants in the water body under the condition of aeration and oxygen supply, the aerobic condition in the wetland system is maintained through aeration, and the removal efficiency of the wetland system on organic pollutants and nitrogen is greatly improved.
Due to the fact that the organic load of inlet water is high, the blockage phenomena such as water flow slowing and unsmooth drainage can easily occur in the system due to microbial metabolites, falling biological membranes and the like. The overflowing section shielded by the lower water quantity adjusting plate 4 can be changed by pulling the water quantity adjusting control lever 6, so that the water quantity entering the wetland system can be adjusted and controlled, hydrodynamic impact is provided through instantaneous fluctuation of the water quantity, the biological membrane and the like blocked and dropped in the wetland are impacted to strip a substrate gap or surface, and the water quantity leaves the wetland system along with ascending air flow under the action of lower aeration.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An up-flow type biological enhanced anti-blocking constructed wetland system is characterized in that: comprises a main bed body of a wetland and a regulating water pool, wherein,
the wetland main bed body is internally provided with an upflow reinforcement unit, a matrix layer and a plant planting layer from bottom to top in sequence, the bottom of one side of the wetland main bed body is provided with a water inlet, the top of the other side of the wetland main bed body is provided with a water outlet, the upflow reinforcement unit comprises a water inlet pipeline, an aeration pipeline and a biological reinforcement filler, and the top of the water inlet pipeline is of a hollow structure; the aeration pipeline is arranged in the water inlet pipeline, the biological reinforced filler is distributed in the water inlet pipeline, and the water inlet pipeline is communicated with the water inlet;
the regulation pond sets up in the side of intaking of the main bed body in wetland, through water inlet and the inside UNICOM of the main bed body in wetland, the top of regulation pond is provided with filtration.
2. The upflow, biologically-enhanced anti-clogging constructed wetland system of claim 1, wherein: the top of the water inlet pipeline is a permeable grid plate.
3. The upflow, biologically-enhanced anti-clogging constructed wetland system of claim 1, wherein: the biological reinforced filler is a soft fiber bundle ball or a hollow plastic filler.
4. The upflow, biologically-enhanced anti-clogging constructed wetland system of claim 3, wherein: the diameter of the soft fiber bundle ball is 10-15cm, and the diameter of the hollow plastic body filler is 5-10 cm.
5. The upflow, biologically-enhanced anti-clogging constructed wetland system of claim 4, wherein: the bio-reinforcing filler is fixed on the rope, and the density of the bio-reinforcing filler on the rope is 10-25/m.
6. The upflow, biologically-enhanced anti-clogging constructed wetland system of claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the particles in the matrix layer is reduced from bottom to top in sequence.
7. The upflow, biologically-enhanced anti-clogging constructed wetland system of claim 1, wherein: the plants planted in the plant planting layer are emergent aquatic plants.
8. The upflow, biologically-enhanced anti-clogging constructed wetland system of claim 7, wherein: the emergent aquatic plant is reed, cattail, wild rice grass, Sparganium stoloniferum, allium fistulosum or calamus.
9. The upflow, biologically-enhanced anti-clogging constructed wetland system of claim 1, wherein: still be provided with water regulation apparatus, including water regulation board, connecting rod and control rod, the upper end of water regulation board articulates on the upper portion of the water inlet of the main bed body in wetland, and the lower extreme passes through the connecting rod to be connected with the control rod, and the different height department at the main bed body in wetland is fixed to the control rod to the aperture of regulating water regulation board.
10. The upflow, biologically-enhanced anti-clogging constructed wetland system of claim 1, wherein: the bed also comprises a water outlet storage tank which is arranged on the water outlet side of the main bed body in the wetland.
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