CN211803022U - Novel comprehensive treatment system for kitchen waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a novel meal kitchen discarded object is synthesized and is dealt with system, including receiving fill, sorter, breaker, sediment material heating tank, squeezer, still include catch basin, slagging-off machine, profit heating tank, three-phase centrifuge, anaerobic reactor. The utility model discloses a novel comprehensive disposal system for kitchen wastes, which realizes the maximum recovery of grease and the maximum reduction, harmlessness and recycling of kitchen waste disposal; solid phase and liquid phase of the kitchen waste are separated and separately treated, so that the treatment difficulty of the waste water is reduced; the adopted slag heating tank and the oil-water heating tank are used for heating, and then the grease is separated by the three-phase centrifuge, so that the grease is recovered to the maximum extent, the influence of the grease on subsequent treatment equipment is reduced, and the pollution to the environment is reduced; the resources are reused to the maximum extent, and the processing cost is reduced; adopt water treatment facilities to handle waste water, the reduction of maximize is to the pollution of environment, realizes kitchen garbage's innocent treatment.

Description

A new comprehensive treatment system for kitchen waste

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of kitchen waste treatment, in particular to a novel comprehensive treatment system for kitchen waste.

Background technique

Kitchen waste comes from the food left over from people's consumption, which has the characteristics of high organic matter content, high oil content and high salt content. It is extremely perishable and breeds viruses and microorganisms. If it is not handled properly, the environment will be polluted. From the perspective of reduction, its disposal process mainly includes pretreatment units such as sorting and crushing; on this basis, harmless treatment is achieved through physical or biological technical means; and resource utilization is based on reduction and The energy recovery and utilization of solid waste is realized on the basis of harmlessness. At present, most of the kitchen projects in operation and under construction in my country use anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas, aerobic composting, feed production, incineration and other treatment technologies. All of them have processing defects such as low efficiency of organic matter resource utilization, incomplete disposal, and low economic benefits. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop treatment methods with high resource utilization, safety and completeness, and high economic value.

At present, the front-end processes of traditional kitchen waste treatment are basically similar, which are all pre-processing steps such as sorting, crushing, and solid-liquid separation. The process of anaerobic full production of biogas from feed and water; the other is to separate organic slag and water for separate disposal.

1. Anaerobic full biogas production process

As a mature and traditional energy recovery technology, anaerobic digestion has been widely used in the disposal of municipal sludge, basically operating in CSTR reactors. Anaerobic digestion can withstand high solid content, high water content and can adapt to a wide range of organic matter concentration requirements, while kitchen waste has high organic matter content and great methane production potential, which is very suitable for anaerobic digestion process treatment, so it is also obtained in my country. widely used. According to reports, the vast majority of 74.3% of the kitchen waste plants in operation and under construction in my country use anaerobic digestion. However, many challenges and problems have also been encountered in practical engineering practice. The feed needs to be adjusted to the appropriate moisture content through organic slag and water, and control parameters such as temperature, pH, VFA, etc., before it can enter the anaerobic digestion system. The incomplete reaction of organic solids leads to the accumulation of VFA, which affects the overall methanogenesis performance, and even leads to the paralysis of the anaerobic system. Due to the particularity of kitchen waste, the oil content is relatively high. Although the front end has undergone oil removal treatment, the organic residue contains more or less oil, which is easy to adhere to the surface of pipes and microorganisms, and fatty acids are easily produced during the anaerobic process. Calcium solids, heavy pipe blockage, agglomeration and even collapse in the reactor. In addition, the by-product biogas residue of the system, if land use, dehydration, odor, microbial pathogens and other problems, still have certain harm to the environment. As an organic fertilizer for agriculture, it may lead to excessive accumulation of N and P nutrients in the soil and increase the possibility of eutrophication of water bodies.

2. Organic slag treatment process

Composting is the process of stabilizing pollutants under human-controlled conditions. It has also been used in China to a certain extent. However, due to factors such as high salt content, high organic matter concentration, and oil content in kitchen waste, deodorization, ventilation, site utilization and other hardware facilities are required in the operation process, which makes composting infrastructure and operating costs high. . Moreover, the quality of the organic fertilizer obtained is not good. Due to concerns about the salt content of the fertilizer, residual microbial flora and fertilizer efficiency, farmers do not accept compost products. The economic value is low and the market competitiveness is low. The reality is that there is a large backlog of compost products. , which eventually led to the suspension of the fertilization of the entire project.

Organic slag feed is to add certain auxiliary materials during the processing of organic slag to produce animal feed. However, it has safety hazards such as homology problems and disease infection, and requires high pretreatment, so it does not have much development and utilization value.

The incineration treatment of kitchen waste is mostly co-constructed with waste incineration plants for co-processing. However, due to the high water content of kitchen waste, usually as high as 90%, the calorific value is low, and it needs to be incinerated with other wastes. operating conditions are affected. In addition, the incineration and disposal of slag also requires a certain disposal fee. Therefore, not only the degree of resource utilization is low, but also the disposal cost is high.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model provides a novel comprehensive disposal system for kitchen waste, which realizes the maximum recovery of grease, and realizes the maximum reduction, harmlessness and resource reduction of kitchen waste disposal. change.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is as follows: a novel comprehensive treatment system for kitchen waste, including a receiving bucket, a sorting machine, a crusher, a slag heating tank, a pressing machine, a water collecting tank, a removing Slag machine, oil-water heating tank, three-phase centrifuge, anaerobic reactor; the receiving hopper is used to receive kitchen waste and preliminarily separate it into solid-phase waste and liquid-phase waste; the sorting machine is used to receive solid-phase waste and liquid-phase waste. phase garbage and separate the bulk materials in the solid phase garbage; the crusher is used to receive the solid phase garbage sorted by the sorting machine and crush it to obtain fine slag; the slag heating tank is used to receive fine slag material, and the fine slag material is heated by steam to separate the grease on the fine slag material; the press is used to extrude and separate the oil-water mixture in the heated fine slag material; the water collection tank is used for Receiving liquid-phase garbage and the oil-water mixture extruded by the press; the slag remover is used to receive the liquid in the sump and remove the slag; the oil-water heating tank is used to receive the liquid processed by the slag remover and pass the steam Heating; the three-phase centrifuge is used to receive the liquid in the oil-water heating tank and carry out three-phase separation to obtain grease, waste water and slag; Anaerobic production of biogas.

Further, the comprehensive treatment system further includes a water treatment device for receiving and treating the wastewater produced by the anaerobic reactor, and discharging it after reaching the standard.

Further, the comprehensive disposal system also includes a black soldier fly breeding system, which is used to receive the fine slag after being squeezed by the press and the slag separated by the three-phase centrifuge, and use the slag as a nutrient to cultivate the black soldier flies to produce organic slag. Fertilizer and high protein black soldier fly larvae.

Further, the bottom of the receiving bucket is provided with a draining orifice plate; the draining orifice plate is provided with a draining screw conveying device for realizing the preliminary separation of the kitchen waste into solid phase and liquid phase.

The advantages of the utility model: the utility model is a new comprehensive disposal system for kitchen waste, which realizes the maximum recovery of grease, and realizes the maximum reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization of the disposal of kitchen waste. ;First, the solid phase and liquid phase of the kitchen waste are separated and disposed of separately, which reduces the difficulty of wastewater treatment; the slag heating tank and the oil-water heating tank are used for heating, and then the oil is separated by a three-phase centrifuge, which makes the oil more Recover to the greatest extent, reduce the impact of oil on subsequent processing equipment, and reduce environmental pollution; for the collection of separated oil and biogas in the anaerobic reactor, the black soldier fly breeding system is used, which can be used for slag. Converting organic matter into organic fertilizer and obtaining high-protein larvae by-products can all gain benefits. On the one hand, resources can be reused to a greater extent, and on the other hand, treatment costs can be reduced; using water treatment equipment to treat wastewater, the maximum It can reduce the pollution to the environment and realize the harmless treatment of kitchen waste.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a novel integrated kitchen waste disposal system according to an embodiment.

Detailed ways

In order to deepen the understanding of the present utility model, the present utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments are only used to explain the present utility model and do not limit the protection scope of the present utility model.

Example

As shown in FIG. 1 , this embodiment provides a new comprehensive treatment system for kitchen waste, including a receiving hopper, a sorting machine, a crusher, a slag heating tank, a press, and a water collection tank, a slag remover, Oil-water heating tank, three-phase centrifuge, anaerobic reactor; the receiving bucket is used to receive kitchen waste and preliminarily separate it into solid-phase waste and liquid-phase waste; the sorting machine is used to receive solid-phase waste and Separating the bulk materials in the solid-phase waste; the crusher is used to receive the solid-phase waste sorted by the sorting machine and crush it to obtain fine slag; the slag heating tank is used to receive the fine slag , and the fine slag is heated by steam to separate the oil on the fine slag; the press is used to extrude and separate the oil-water mixture in the heated fine slag; the sump is used to receive the liquid phase Garbage and the oil-water mixture extruded by the press; the slag remover is used to receive the liquid in the sump and remove the slag; the oil-water heating tank is used to receive the liquid processed by the slag remover and heat it by steam; The three-phase centrifuge is used to receive the liquid in the oil-water heating tank and carry out three-phase separation to obtain grease, waste water and slag; the anaerobic reactor is used to receive the waste water separated by the three-phase centrifuge and carry out anaerobic separation. Biogas production.

In a novel comprehensive treatment system for kitchen waste in this embodiment, the comprehensive treatment system further includes a water treatment device for receiving and treating the wastewater produced by the anaerobic reactor, and discharging it after reaching the standard.

In a novel comprehensive treatment system for kitchen waste in this embodiment, the comprehensive treatment system further includes a black soldier fly breeding system for receiving the fine slag pressed by the press and the slag separated by the three-phase centrifuge, The slag is used as a nutrient to breed black soldier flies, and organic fertilizers and high-protein black soldier fly larvae are produced.

In a novel integrated kitchen waste disposal system of this embodiment, a draining orifice plate is arranged at the bottom of the receiving bucket; a draining screw conveying device is arranged on the draining orifice plate, which is used to realize the kitchen waste and preliminarily separate it into solid and liquid phase.

A novel comprehensive treatment system for kitchen waste in this embodiment, when in use, operates according to the following steps:

1. Collect the kitchen waste, pour it into the receiving bucket, and realize the separation of solid phase and liquid phase through the draining orifice plate with a diameter of 10 mm at the bottom of the receiving bucket and the draining screw at the bottom of the cone bucket to obtain solid-phase waste and liquid-phase waste; 2. The solid waste is sorted by the sorting machine, and the bulk materials with a diameter of more than 50mm are screened out, and the materials with a diameter of less than 50mm are transported to the crusher for crushing to obtain fine slag; 3. The fine slag obtained in step 2 The slag material is transported to the slag heating tank, heated to 70 °C by steam, and then transported to the press to extrude the oil-water mixture of the fine slag; 4. Collect the liquid-phase garbage in step 1 and the oil-water mixture in step 3 through the sump, and then Send it to the slag remover for slag removal operation; 5. The liquid phase treated in step 4 is transported to the oil-water heating tank, heated to 70 ℃ by steam, and then transported to a three-phase centrifuge to separate oil, waste water and slag; 6. The waste water obtained in step 5 is transported to an anaerobic reactor for anaerobic reaction to produce biogas and waste water; 7. The slag obtained in step 5, the slag obtained by removing slag in step 4, and the slag obtained in step 3 The fine slag processed by the crusher is added to the black soldier fly breeding system as a nutrient for processing. By inoculating 3-5 days of instars, after feeding for about 7 days, it can grow to larvae, and the feces are screened. High-quality organic fertilizer can be obtained; the wastewater obtained in step 6 is purified and treated by a water treatment device, and discharged after reaching the standard; the biogas obtained in step 6 is collected; the grease obtained in step 5 is collected; The bulk material and the inorganic residues produced by the black soldier fly breeding system are collected.

A new type of comprehensive disposal system for kitchen waste in this embodiment realizes the maximum recovery of grease, and the maximum reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization of the disposal of kitchen waste; The solid phase and liquid phase are separated and disposed of separately, which reduces the difficulty of wastewater treatment; the slag heating tank and the oil-water heating tank are used for heating, and then the oil is separated by a three-phase centrifuge, so that the oil can be recovered to the greatest extent, reducing the The impact of small oil on subsequent processing equipment and reduce environmental pollution; for the collection of separated oil and biogas in the anaerobic reactor, the black soldier fly breeding system can be used to convert the organic matter of the slag into organic fertilizer, And can obtain high-protein larval by-products, all of which can be profitable. On the one hand, resources can be reused to a greater extent, and on the other hand, the treatment cost can be reduced; the wastewater is treated with a water treatment device to minimize the impact on the environment. pollution, and realize the harmless treatment of kitchen waste.

The above embodiments should not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by means of equivalent replacement or equivalent conversion fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a novel meal kitchen discarded object is synthesized and is dealt with system which characterized in that: the device comprises a receiving hopper, a sorting machine, a crusher, a slag heating tank, a squeezer, a water collecting tank, a slag remover, an oil-water heating tank, a three-phase centrifuge and an anaerobic reactor;

the receiving hopper is used for receiving the kitchen waste and preliminarily separating the kitchen waste into solid-phase waste and liquid-phase waste;

the separator is used for receiving the solid-phase garbage and separating large materials in the solid-phase garbage;

the crusher is used for receiving the solid-phase garbage sorted by the sorter and crushing the solid-phase garbage to obtain fine slag;

the slag heating tank is used for receiving the fine slag, heating the fine slag through steam and separating grease on the fine slag;

the squeezer is used for extruding and separating the oil-water mixture in the heated fine slag;

the water collecting tank is used for receiving the liquid-phase garbage and the oil-water mixture extruded by the squeezer;

the slag remover is used for receiving the liquid in the water collecting tank and removing slag;

the oil-water heating tank is used for receiving the liquid treated by the slag remover and heating the liquid through steam;

the three-phase centrifuge is used for receiving the liquid in the oil-water heating tank and carrying out three-phase separation to obtain grease, wastewater and slag;

the anaerobic reactor is used for receiving the wastewater separated by the three-phase centrifugal machine and carrying out anaerobic biogas production.

2. The novel comprehensive kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the comprehensive disposal system also comprises a water treatment device which is used for receiving and treating the wastewater output by the anaerobic reactor and discharging the wastewater after reaching the standard.

3. The novel comprehensive kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the comprehensive disposal system further comprises a black soldier fly breeding system used for receiving the fine slag material after the squeezing of the squeezer and the slag material separated by the three-phase centrifugal machine, breeding the black soldier flies by taking the slag material as a nutrient, and yielding organic fertilizers and high-protein black soldier fly larvae.

4. The novel comprehensive kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a draining pore plate is arranged at the bottom of the receiving hopper; and a draining spiral conveying device is arranged on the draining pore plate and used for realizing the preliminary separation of the kitchen waste into a solid phase and a liquid phase.

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