CN211785081U - Photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument for optical resin material - Google Patents
Photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument for optical resin material Download PDFInfo
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- CN211785081U CN211785081U CN202020181012.XU CN202020181012U CN211785081U CN 211785081 U CN211785081 U CN 211785081U CN 202020181012 U CN202020181012 U CN 202020181012U CN 211785081 U CN211785081 U CN 211785081U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a photoelastic coefficient measuring apparatu for optical resin material, include: the device comprises a single-wavelength laser light source, a beam expanding lens, a collimating lens, a first polarizer, a first 1/4 wave plate, a loading device of a sample to be tested, a second 1/4 wave plate, a second polarizer, an imaging plate and a CCD camera which are sequentially arranged on a linear slide rail; the loading device is provided with a clamp capable of applying force, a loading motor for controlling the clamp to apply force and a mechanical sensor connected with the clamp; and the control computer is respectively in communication connection with the CCD camera, the loading motor and the mechanical sensor. Compared with the prior art, the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument provided by the utility model has the advantages of simple overall structure, high measuring automation degree, high speed and low cost; the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument can realize rapid and accurate measurement of the photoelastic coefficient of the existing optical resin material, so that the research and development efficiency and the application speed of the optical resin material are remarkably improved, and the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument has a wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a macromolecular material technical field, more specifically say, relate to a photoelastic coefficient measuring apparatu for optical resin material.
Background
With the rapid development of modern society, the application of optical resin materials is becoming more and more widespread, for example, the glass glasses that have been used in the past are gradually replaced by glasses made of polymer materials such as Polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), propylene dimethanol carbonate (CR-39), EPOXY resin (EPOXY). In the display field, such as LCD and OLED display panels, in order to improve the display effect and protect the polarizer of the core element, an optical compensation film and an optical protection film are required to be attached during the manufacturing process, and these optical thin film materials are manufactured by melt casting or solution casting and stretching processes of optical resin materials such as Polystyrene (PS), Polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), cyclic olefin copolymer (COP, COC), and the like. In the development and processing of optical resin materials, the photoelastic coefficient is an important parameter, and for optical compensation films and optical protection films in display panels, on the premise of satisfying light transmittance, haze and required specific retardation values, the raw material of optical resin is required to have the photoelastic coefficient as low as possible in consideration of the stability of optical performance during subsequent use, and the photoelastic coefficient of these optical resin materials is generally required to be lower than 35 × 10- 12Pa-1Of course, the lower the value, the better, so that the photoelastic coefficient of the material can be determined quickly and accuratelyThe key is that. Meanwhile, the optical resin material is also used as an optical resin material for optical discs and spectacle lenses, so that the photoelastic coefficient of the optical resin material can be rapidly and accurately measured by using a simple measuring device in the research, development and manufacturing processes of the optical resin material and products thereof, and the research, development efficiency and application speed can be effectively improved.
In the patent publication No. CN102630234A, measurement is performed using a combination of a birefringence measurement device and a vibration viscoelasticity measurement device, each of which includes a light source, a polarizer, a compensation plate, an analyzer, and a photodetector, and a strain optical coefficient O' is obtained by obtaining a phase difference with respect to an amplitude for waveforms of different angular frequencies using a lock-in amplifier; the photoelastic coefficient C is obtained using the storage modulus E 'and the strain optical coefficient O', and C ═ O '/E'. However, the above device has a complex overall structure, low measurement automation degree, low speed, low measurement result accuracy and high cost, and limits further application of the device in the field of photoelastic coefficient measurement.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model aims at providing a photoelastic coefficient measuring apparatu for optical resin material, overall structure is simple, and measurement degree of automation is high, fast, and the measuring result degree of accuracy is high, and low cost.
The utility model provides a photoelastic coefficient measuring apparatu for optical resin material, include:
the device comprises a single-wavelength laser light source, a beam expanding lens, a collimating lens, a first polarizer, a first 1/4 wave plate, a loading device of a sample to be tested, a second 1/4 wave plate, a second polarizer, an imaging plate and a CCD camera which are sequentially arranged on a linear slide rail; the loading device is provided with a clamp capable of applying force, a loading motor for controlling the clamp to apply force and a mechanical sensor connected with the clamp;
and the control computer is respectively in communication connection with the CCD camera, the loading motor and the mechanical sensor.
Preferably, the single-wavelength laser light source emits light having a beam divergence of 5 mrad or less and a laser power of 0.5mW or more.
Preferably, the focal length ratio of the beam expanding lens and the collimating lens multiplied by the diameter of the exit beam of the single-wavelength laser light source is larger than the diameter of the sample to be measured.
Preferably, the first polarizer, the first 1/4 wave plate, the second 1/4 wave plate and the second polarizer are used for generating a bi-orthogonal polarized dark field;
the extinction ratio of the first polarizer to the second polarizer is greater than 100: 1;
the first 1/4 wave plate and the second 1/4 wave plate respectively generate 1/4 phase retardation at the wavelength of light emitted by the single-wavelength laser light source;
the diameter of the first polarizer is larger than 50mm, the diameter of the first 1/4 wave plate is larger than 50mm, the diameter of the second 1/4 wave plate is larger than 50mm, and the diameter of the second polarizer is larger than 50 mm.
Preferably, the imaging plate is single-sided frosted ground glass.
Preferably, the pixels of the CCD camera are 500 ten thousand pixels or more, and the frame rate is 2 frames or more.
Preferably, the linear slide rail is mounted on an optical platform which is horizontally calibrated;
the single-wavelength laser light source, the beam expanding lens, the collimating lens, the first polarizer, the first 1/4 wave plate, the second 1/4 wave plate, the second polarizer, the imaging plate and the CCD camera which are arranged on the linear slide rail can be adjusted in a sliding mode through a sliding block respectively;
and the loading device arranged on the linear slide rail is fixed through the supporting platform.
Preferably, the control computer controls the loading motor to move through a set loading instruction, obtains the stress change condition of the sample to be detected in the loading process in real time through detection data feedback of the mechanical sensor, and obtains the dark stripe change condition of the sample to be detected in the loading process in real time through image feedback of the CCD camera.
Preferably, the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument has a length × width × height (650mm to 750m) × (200mm to 300mm) × (300mm to 400 mm).
The utility model provides a photoelastic coefficient measuring apparatu for optical resin material, include: the device comprises a single-wavelength laser light source, a beam expanding lens, a collimating lens, a first polarizer, a first 1/4 wave plate, a loading device of a sample to be tested, a second 1/4 wave plate, a second polarizer, an imaging plate and a CCD camera which are sequentially arranged on a linear slide rail; the loading device is provided with a clamp capable of applying force, a loading motor for controlling the clamp to apply force and a mechanical sensor connected with the clamp; and the control computer is respectively in communication connection with the CCD camera, the loading motor and the mechanical sensor. Compared with the prior art, the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument provided by the utility model has the advantages of simple overall structure, high measuring automation degree, high speed and low cost, and solves the problems of complex measuring process and expensive equipment of the original commercial measuring device; the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument can realize rapid and accurate measurement of the photoelastic coefficient of the existing optical resin material, so that the research and development efficiency and the application speed of the optical resin material are remarkably improved, and the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument has a wide application prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic front structural diagram of a photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an axial structure of a photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic front structural diagram of a loading device in a photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic axial view of a loading device in a photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of one side of a loading device in the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view of the other side of the loading device in the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a partially enlarged view of a clamp in the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a control schematic diagram of a photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of a sample to be measured used in the measurement of the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a measurement result graph of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a measurement result chart of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model provides a photoelastic coefficient measuring apparatu for optical resin material, include:
the device comprises a single-wavelength laser light source, a beam expanding lens, a collimating lens, a first polarizer, a first 1/4 wave plate, a loading device of a sample to be tested, a second 1/4 wave plate, a second polarizer, an imaging plate and a CCD camera which are sequentially arranged on a linear slide rail; the loading device is provided with a clamp capable of applying force, a loading motor for controlling the clamp to apply force and a mechanical sensor connected with the clamp;
and the control computer is respectively in communication connection with the CCD camera, the loading motor and the mechanical sensor.
In the present invention, the single-wavelength laser light source is used for providing a high-collimation light beam, preferably a single-wavelength green laser light source with a wavelength of 532nm or a single-wavelength blue laser light source with a wavelength of 473nm, and more preferably a single-wavelength green laser light source with a wavelength of 532nm in consideration of the best perception capability of human eyes for green light. In the present invention, the light beam divergence of the light emitted from the single-wavelength laser light source is preferably 5 mrad or less, and more preferably 1 mrad or less; meanwhile, in order to ensure the definition of the tested image, the laser power of the single-wavelength laser light source is preferably more than 0.5mW, and more preferably more than 1 mW. The utility model discloses in, single wavelength laser light source preferably preheats more than 5min after opening, more preferably preheats more than 8 min.
In the present invention, the double-lens combination of the beam expanding lens and the collimating lens is used for expanding and collimating the laser beam emitted from the single-wavelength laser light source; preferably, according to the Galileo light beam expanding principle, two convex lenses or plano-convex lenses with different focal lengths are used, so that the diameter of a light spot after beam expansion is larger than that of a light spot of a sample to be measured. The utility model discloses in, collimating lens and beam expanding lens's focal length ratio is preferred to be greater than the diameter of the sample that awaits measuring by the exit beam diameter of single wavelength laser light source, guarantees that whole sample can both include the light beam within range after the beam expands. The utility model discloses in the preferred embodiment, adopt the convex lens that focus is 15mm as expanding beam lens and the convex lens that focus is 400mm as the collimating lens combination, can expand the light spot that the export beam diameter that single wavelength laser light source jetted out is 1.2mm to 32nm, is greater than the diameter (30mm) of the sample that awaits measuring.
The utility model discloses in, the combination of the double polarizer of first polarizer, first 1/4 wave plate, second 1/4 wave plate and second polarizer and two 1/4 wave plates is used for producing biorthogonal polarisation dark field, can present the main stress difference value that produces in the sample loading process that awaits measuring with the form of dark stripe in real time. In the present invention, the extinction ratio of the first polarizer and the second polarizer is preferably greater than 100: 1; the first 1/4 wave plate and the second 1/4 wave plate preferably each produce a 1/4 phase retardation at the wavelength of light emitted by the single wavelength laser light source; in the utility model discloses, the diameter of first polarizer is preferably greater than 50mm, the diameter of first 1/4 wave plate is preferably greater than 50mm, the diameter of second 1/4 wave plate is preferably greater than 50mm, the diameter of second polarizer is preferably greater than 50 mm.
In the present invention, the sample to be measured preferably includes one or more of Polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate-1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol ester (PCTG), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), acryl dimethanol carbonate (CR-39), EPOXY resin (EPOXY), Polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and cycloolefin copolymer (COP, COC); but not limited to the optical resin material, other high molecular materials which can be made into a sample to be tested and can clearly obtain dark fringe levels in the loading process can theoretically obtain the photoelastic coefficient of the material.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to facilitate the measurement, the polymer material to be measured is first pressed into a wafer sample with a desired size by using a fusion-compression method, preferably a wafer with a diameter of 30mm and a thickness of 2 mm; the size of the sample can be changed according to the size of a mould for pressing the sample, the size of the mould can be designed automatically, and the samples to be detected with different sizes can be melted and pressed through the moulds with different sizes; the temperature selected when melt-pressing the polymer material is preferably 30 ℃ or higher, more preferably 50 ℃ or higher, but below the decomposition temperature of the polymer material; the time for melt-pressing is preferably 3min or more, more preferably 10min or more; the pressure for melt-pressing is preferably 5MPa or more, more preferably 10MPa or more; the standard wafer sample can be prepared by the melting and tabletting under the conditions, and because the internal stress can remain in the sample during the melting and tabletting process, the image quality shot by a CCD camera is influenced, and the accuracy of the measurement result is also influenced, the stress relief annealing is needed, the annealing temperature is preferably above 5-10 ℃ of the glass transition temperature, and the annealing time is preferably above 3 h.
The utility model discloses in, the preferred setting of loading device is in the middle of linear slide rail for treat and survey the appearance and carry out the loading. The utility model discloses in, loading device be equipped with the anchor clamps of application of force, be used for controlling the loading motor of anchor clamps application of force and with the mechanical sensor that anchor clamps link to each other. The utility model discloses in, but the anchor clamps of application of force preferably are compression anchor clamps or tensile anchor clamps, and wherein, the sample that awaits measuring that compression anchor clamps correspond preferably is the disk sample, and the sample that awaits measuring that tensile anchor clamps correspond preferably is the film sample; more preferably a compression clamp; the utility model discloses in the preferred embodiment, adopt the compression anchor clamps of specific structure, guaranteed that the sample that awaits measuring can not take place to deflect when the loading to measuring result's accuracy has been guaranteed.
In the utility model, the loading motor is used for controlling the clamp to apply force; the clamp applies force to the sample to be tested under the action of the loading motor, and the change condition of the dark stripes caused by the main stress difference of the sample to be tested in the stress process is avoided. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connection mode of the clamp and the loading motor is modified according to the corresponding structure of the device described in chinese patent publication No. CN 201237567Y.
The utility model discloses in, the preferred bow-shaped pressure sensor that draws of mechanics sensor for the data of the atress situation of change of the sample that awaits measuring among the real-time detection loading process. The utility model discloses the dark stripe progression that obtains in the application of force in-process is more better, will ensure simultaneously that the application of force can not exceed the range of mechanics sensor, and the accessible is changed mechanics sensor and is expanded measurement range, the utility model discloses there is not special restriction to this.
In the present invention, the force applied by the loading motor is preferably above 500N (correspondingly, the range of the mechanical sensor is preferably above 500N), and more preferably above 1000N (correspondingly, the range of the mechanical sensor is preferably above 1000N); the loading speed of the loading motor is preferably 0.01 mm/s-10 mm/s. The utility model discloses in, loading device can realize the loading of not equidistance to the sample that awaits measuring to can follow-up along with stopping, simultaneously the numerical value size that mechanical sensor can real-time perception application of force, and feed back control computer.
In the present invention, the imaging plate is preferably single-sided frosted ground glass; the real-time image acquisition system formed by the CCD camera can record the loading change process of the sample to be detected in real time. In the present invention, the CCD camera can acquire images in real time; the pixels of the CCD camera are preferably 500 ten thousand pixels or more, and the frame rate is preferably 2 frames or more, and more preferably 4 frames or more.
In the present invention, the linear slide is preferably mounted on a horizontally aligned optical platform, such as a horizontal table top, which is well known to those skilled in the art, to facilitate alignment and height alignment of the optical path. In the utility model, the loading device arranged on the linear slide rail is preferably fixed through a supporting platform; meanwhile, the linear slide rail and the supporting platform are directly fixed on the optical platform through screws, so that the stability of the measuring main body is guaranteed.
In the present invention, the single-wavelength laser light source, the beam expanding lens, the collimating lens, the first polarizer, the first 1/4 wave plate, the second 1/4 wave plate, the second polarizer, the imaging plate and the CCD camera, which are disposed on the linear slide rail, are preferably slidably adjustable through the slider, respectively; meanwhile, after the heights of various lenses, a light source and a CCD camera are ensured to be consistent with the height of a sample to be measured, the lens can only slide along a linear sliding rail, then the distance between a beam expanding lens and a collimating lens is adjusted, the size of a light beam after beam expanding is adjusted, and the diameter of the light beam after beam expanding is at least larger than that of the sample to be measured, so that the stripe change conditions of all positions on the sample to be measured in the loading process can be recorded by the CCD camera in real time, after first calibration, the sliding block and a height adjusting rod frame can be locked, the positions of all components can not be changed, subsequent measurement is not changed any more, and the stability of the measurement process is ensured.
In the utility model, the single-wavelength laser light source, the double-polarizing mirror, the double 1/4 wave plates, the double lenses, the imaging plate and the CCD camera are all installed on the linear slide rail and can be adjusted by sliding the slider on the linear slide rail, the adjustable distance between the double lenses needs to be matched with the focal length of the lenses and the distance between the double lenses and the single-wavelength laser light source, so that the light beam after beam expansion and collimation is uniform and collimated, and the diameter of the light beam is larger than the diameter of a sample to be measured; the distance between the imaging plate and the CCD camera can be adjusted in a sliding way on the linear slide rail, so that the formed image is clearest; the distance between the double polarizing mirror and the double 1/4 wave plates is also adjusted to be the nearest as possible, so that the distance between the single-wavelength laser light source and the imaging plate is reduced as much as possible, and the whole structure of the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument is compact. In the present invention, the overall size of the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument is preferably (650mm to 750m) × (200mm to 300mm) × (300mm to 400mm), and more preferably 700 mm × 250mm × 350 mm; from mechanical design, compare photoelastic coefficient measuring apparatu among the prior art whole size smaller and exquisite, overall structure is compacter, and degree of automation is high.
In the present invention, the control computer is in communication connection with the CCD camera, the loading motor and the mechanical sensor, respectively, to realize the control of the components and the whole characterization device and the acquisition, analysis, etc. of the data; the communication connection mode preferably adopts a data interface USB3.0 or an optical fiber interface. The utility model discloses in, the preferred loading motor motion of loading instruction control through setting for of control computer, the atress situation of change that obtains the sample that awaits measuring among the loading process in real time through the detection data feedback of mechanics sensor, the dark stripe situation of change that obtains the sample that awaits measuring among the loading process in real time through the image feedback of CCD camera. In the present invention, the control computer preferably performs accurate control of the above processes through a self-programming Labview control program.
The photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument adopts the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument, and obtains the photoelastic coefficient of the sample to be measured through analysis and calculation of the control computer after the whole measuring process is completed; the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument can realize rapid and accurate measurement of the photoelastic coefficient of the optical resin material, is low in cost, simple and convenient in method and accurate in result compared with a commercial photoelastic testing device, and provides an important reference basis for research and development and processing and manufacturing of the optical resin material, so that the research and development efficiency and the application speed of the optical resin material are remarkably improved.
The utility model provides a photoelastic coefficient measuring apparatu for optical resin material, include: the device comprises a single-wavelength laser light source, a beam expanding lens, a collimating lens, a first polarizer, a first 1/4 wave plate, a loading device of a sample to be tested, a second 1/4 wave plate, a second polarizer, an imaging plate and a CCD camera which are sequentially arranged on a linear slide rail; the loading device is provided with a clamp capable of applying force, a loading motor for controlling the clamp to apply force and a mechanical sensor connected with the clamp; and the control computer is respectively in communication connection with the CCD camera, the loading motor and the mechanical sensor. Compared with the prior art, the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument provided by the utility model has the advantages of simple overall structure, high measuring automation degree, high speed and low cost, and solves the problems of complex measuring process and expensive equipment of the original commercial measuring device; the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument can realize rapid and accurate measurement of the photoelastic coefficient of the existing optical resin material, so that the research and development efficiency and the application speed of the optical resin material are remarkably improved, and the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument has a wide application prospect.
To further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are given in detail. The following embodiments of the present invention adopt the aforementioned technical solution to describe the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument for optical resin material, please refer to fig. 1-8, wherein fig. 1 is a schematic front structural view of the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument provided by the embodiments of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic axial structural view of the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument provided by the embodiments of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic front structural view of a loading device in the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument provided by the embodiments of the present invention, fig. 4 is a schematic axial structural view of a loading device in the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument provided by the embodiments of the present invention, fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of one side of the loading device in the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument provided by the embodiments of the present invention, fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view of the other side of the loading device in the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument provided by the embodiments of the present invention, fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view of a clamp in the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 8 is a control schematic diagram of the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument provided by the embodiment of the present invention; in fig. 1 to 8, 1 is a CCD camera, 2 is single-sided frosted ground glass, 3 is a second polarizer, 4 is a second 1/4 wave plate, 5 is a loading device, 6 is a supporting platform of the loading device, 7 is a first 1/4 wave plate, 8 is a first polarizer, 9 is a collimating lens, 10 is an expanding lens, 11 is a single-wavelength laser source, 12 is a linear slide rail, 13 is a slider, 14 is a bottom plate, 15 is a positioning plate, 16 is an adjustable rod support, 18 is a control computer, 501 is a loading motor, 502 is a coupler, 503 is a planetary gear reducer, 504 is a transmission gear, 505 is a fixed block, 506 is a lead screw, 507 is a carrier beam, 508 is a compression clamp, 509 is a small slide rail, 510 is an arcuate tension pressure sensor, 511 is a bearing, and 512 is a small slider.
As shown in FIGS. 1-2, a linear slide rail 12 is installed on an optical platform which is adjusted horizontally, all of a slider 13, a base plate 14 and a positioning plate 15 are installed on the linear slide rail 12, the slider 13 can move freely along the linear slide rail 12, a single-wavelength laser light source 11 is fixed on the base plate 14 above the slider 13 through an adjustable rod rack 16, a beam expanding lens 10 and a collimating lens 9 are also fixed on the base plate 14 through the adjustable rod rack 16, a single-sided frosted glass 2 and a CCD camera 1 are respectively connected on the base plate 14 through the adjustable rod rack 16, before a second polarizer 3, a first polarizer 8, a second 1/4 wave plate 4 and a first 1/4 wave plate 7 are used, the polarization direction of the second polarizer 3 and the first polarizer 8 and the slow axis direction of the second 1/4 wave plate 4 and the first 1/4 wave plate 7 are aligned, the second polarizer 3 and the first polarizer 3 are installed, The first polarizer 8 makes the polarization direction of the first polarizer 8 along the vertical direction, the polarization direction of the second polarizer 3 along the horizontal direction, at this time, a complete dark field should be formed on the single-sided frosted glass 2, and the second 1/4 wave plate 4 and the first 1/4 wave plate 7 are added, so that the slow axis directions of the two 1/4 wave plates are also vertical, then both the slow axis directions form 45 degrees with the polarization directions of the second polarizer 3 and the first polarizer 8, at this time, the two 1/4 wave plates 4 and 7 and the two polarizers 3 and 8 form a dual orthogonal polarization dark field, the loading device 5 is fixed on the supporting platform 6, the supporting platform 6 is fixed on the optical platform through screws, a sample to be measured is placed and clamped between the two compression clamps 508, then the single-wavelength laser light source 11 is turned on, the distance between the beam expanding lens 10 and the collimating lens 9 is adjusted, so that the beam diameter of the laser after expanding is larger than the diameter of the sample to be measured, therefore, the change condition of the sample to be detected in the whole area can be accurately recorded, the distance between the CCD camera 1 and the single-face frosted glass 2 can be properly adjusted, the CCD camera 1 can form the clearest image by adjusting the focal length of the lens of the CCD camera 1, and the change condition of the sample can be accurately recorded.
As shown in fig. 3 to 7, the loading device 5 is composed of a loading motor 501, a coupling 502, a planetary reducer 503, a transmission gear 504, a fixed block 505, a lead screw 506, a carrier beam 507, a compression clamp 508, a small slide rail 509, an arch-shaped pull pressure sensor 510, a bearing 511 and a small slider 512, the loading motor 5 uses a high-precision servo motor, the rotation speed of the servo motor is continuously adjustable within 1r/min to 3000r/min, the continuous change of the loading speed within a wide range can be met, and then the loading speed can be changed by 100: 1, the slowest loading speed can reach 0.001mm/s, the rotation of the loading motor 501 can be converted into the rotation of the screw 506 through two transmission gears 504 (shown in fig. 6) and the screw 506 which rotate in opposite directions, opposite transmission threads are carved on two sides of the screw 506, the transmission threads are matched with the transmission threads on the bearing beams 507 to drive the bearing beams 507 on two sides to translate finally, the stretching or the compression of a sample to be tested can be realized, meanwhile, the screw 506 is fixed on the main body of the loading device 5 by using a roller bearing 511 (shown in fig. 5), the transmission gears 504 with high precision and the screw 506 are added, so that the motion of the loading motor 501 can be transmitted to a compression clamp 508 with high precision, the compression clamp 508 is applied to the sample to be tested, the compression clamp 508 is provided with a small groove (shown in fig. 7) which is specially designed to ensure that the position of each sample to be tested is the same and the position of the sample to be tested is not, the whole loading device 5 is controlled based on a self-programming Labview program, can set loading speed, loading time and loading displacement, can also follow up with stopping, and realizes accurate control of the loading device 5.
As shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 shows a control process of the whole photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument, the CCD camera 1, the bow-shaped pull pressure sensor 510, the loading motor 501 and the control computer 18 can realize automatic control of the whole measuring device, the loading speed is set, loading is started, the control computer 18 transmits an instruction to the loading electrode 501, the loading motor 501 starts to rotate, the stress and the real-time fringe change condition of the sample to be measured are respectively fed back to the control computer 18 through the CCD camera 1 and the bow-shaped pull pressure sensor 510, and automatic control and data acquisition of the whole measuring device are realized.
Test example 1
(1) Firstly, pressing Polycarbonate (PC) resin granules into a wafer with the diameter of 30mm and the thickness of 2mm by using a melt pressing method, wherein the melt pressing temperature is 220 ℃, the time is 15min, and the pressure is 11 MPa; annealing the obtained wafer at 160 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain a sample to be detected; the embodiment of the utility model provides a schematic diagram of the sample that awaits measuring that uses in photoelastic coefficient measuring apparatu measures is shown with reference to figure 9.
(2) Starting a control computer 18, adjusting the position of a compression clamp 508, placing the sample to be tested obtained in the step (1) in the middle of the compression clamp, starting a single-wavelength laser light source 11, preheating for 10min, simultaneously starting a CCD camera 1, adjusting the focal length of a lens of the CCD camera 1 to clearly shoot an image formed on the single-side frosted glass 2, and preparing to apply an external force after all adjustments are completed; the loading speed set in this embodiment is 0.01mm/s, the control computer 18 transmits a loading instruction to the loading motor 501, the loading motor 501 starts to operate, and as the sample to be measured starts to be stressed, the CCD camera 1 and the bow-shaped pull pressure sensor 510 start to continuously transmit the obtained image and real-time pressure data to the control computer 18, the more the number of the obtained dark stripes is, the better the number is, and at the same time, it is ensured that the pressure cannot exceed the range of the bow-shaped pull pressure sensor 510, and the four-level dark stripes are obtained in this embodiment.
(3) Calculating the photoelastic coefficient of the Polycarbonate (PC) resin material according to the data obtained in the step (2): according to the plane photoelastic law, the difference value of the main stresses borne by the sample to be measured is as follows:
wherein N is the dark fringe level, C is the photoelastic coefficient of the sample to be measured, lambda is the wavelength of the laser beam, and h is the thickness of the sample to be measured;
meanwhile, according to the principle of elastic mechanics, when a disc-shaped sample to be tested is symmetrically pressed, the main stress difference value at the center of the disc is as follows:
wherein, P is the pressure, D is the diameter of the sample to be measured, and h is the thickness of the sample to be measured;
further, the following can be obtained:
wherein, P is the pressure, D is the diameter of the sample to be measured, lambda is the wavelength of the laser beam, and N is the dark fringe level;
the diameter D of the sample to be measured and the wavelength lambda of the laser beam are known, only the force corresponding to the level N of each level of the dark fringe needs to be known, the pressure value corresponding to each level of the dark fringe can be obtained through the control computer 18, and the photoelastic coefficient can be obtained through drawing; the measurement result graph of embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown in fig. 10, in which the photoelastic coefficient obtained finally is 79.4 × 10 including the dark stripe pictures of different levels obtained by measuring Polycarbonate (PC) and the final fitting process of calculation-12Pa-1(ii) a And the theoretical photoelastic coefficient of Polycarbonate (PC) is 80X 10-12Pa-1The photoelastic coefficient measured value of the material may have a slight difference from the theoretical value due to the synthesis process, and by comparing the theoretical value, the numerical accuracy of the measurement of the present embodiment is very high.
Test example 2
(1) Firstly, pressing polyethylene glycol terephthalate-1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol ester (PCTG) resin granules into a wafer with the diameter of 30mm and the thickness of 2mm by a melt pressing method, wherein the melt pressing temperature is 200 ℃, the time is 15min, and the pressure is 11 MPa; annealing the obtained wafer, wherein the annealing temperature is 130 ℃, and the annealing time is 6 hours, so as to obtain a sample to be detected; the utility model discloses the schematic diagram of the sample that awaits measuring that the photoelastic coefficient measuring apparatu that embodiment 2 provided used in measuring is shown with reference to figure 9.
(2) Starting a control computer 18, adjusting the position of a compression clamp 508, placing the sample to be tested obtained in the step (1) in the middle of the compression clamp, starting a single-wavelength laser light source 11, preheating for 10min, simultaneously starting a CCD camera 1, adjusting the focal length of a lens of the CCD camera 1 to clearly shoot an image formed on the single-side frosted glass 2, and preparing to apply an external force after all adjustments are completed; the loading speed set in this embodiment is 0.01mm/s, the control computer 18 transmits a loading instruction to the loading motor 501, the loading motor 501 starts to operate, and as the sample to be measured starts to be stressed, the CCD camera 1 and the bow-shaped pull pressure sensor 510 start to continuously transmit the obtained image and the real-time pressure data to the control computer 18, the more the number of the obtained dark stripes is, the better the number is, and at the same time, it is ensured that the pressure cannot exceed the range of the bow-shaped pull pressure sensor 510, and five-level dark stripes are obtained in this embodiment.
(3) Calculating the photoelastic coefficient of the polyethylene terephthalate-1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol ester (PCTG) resin material according to the data obtained in the step (2): according to the plane photoelastic law, the difference value of the main stresses borne by the sample to be measured is as follows:
wherein N is the dark fringe level, C is the photoelastic coefficient of the sample to be measured, lambda is the wavelength of the laser beam, and h is the thickness of the sample to be measured;
meanwhile, according to the principle of elastic mechanics, when a disc-shaped sample to be tested is symmetrically pressed, the main stress difference value at the center of the disc is as follows:
wherein, P is the pressure, D is the diameter of the sample to be measured, and h is the thickness of the sample to be measured;
further, the following can be obtained:
wherein, P is the pressure, D is the diameter of the sample to be measured, lambda is the wavelength of the laser beam, and N is the dark fringe level;
the diameter D of the sample to be measured and the wavelength lambda of the laser beam are known, only the force corresponding to the level N of each level of the dark fringe needs to be known, the pressure value corresponding to each level of the dark fringe can be obtained through the control computer 18, and the photoelastic coefficient can be obtained through drawing; the measurement result chart of embodiment 2 of the present invention is shown in fig. 11, wherein the bagComprises the steps of obtaining dark stripe pictures of different levels by measuring polyethylene glycol terephthalate-1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol ester (PCTG) and finally calculating and fitting the pictures to obtain the photoelastic coefficient of 122.5 multiplied by 10-12Pa-1(ii) a While the theoretical photoelastic coefficient of polyethylene terephthalate-1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol ester (PCTG) is 122X 10-12Pa-1The photoelastic coefficient measured value of the material may have a slight difference from the theoretical value due to the synthesis process, and by comparing the theoretical value, the numerical accuracy of the measurement of the present embodiment is very high.
Experimental result shows, the utility model provides a photoelastic coefficient measuring apparatu can be very accurate obtain optical resin material and get the photoelastic coefficient, and measure the flow simply, is the best choice of measuring optical resin material photoelastic coefficient.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument for an optical resin material, comprising:
the device comprises a single-wavelength laser light source, a beam expanding lens, a collimating lens, a first polarizer, a first 1/4 wave plate, a loading device of a sample to be tested, a second 1/4 wave plate, a second polarizer, an imaging plate and a CCD camera which are sequentially arranged on a linear slide rail; the loading device is provided with a clamp capable of applying force, a loading motor for controlling the clamp to apply force and a mechanical sensor connected with the clamp;
and the control computer is respectively in communication connection with the CCD camera, the loading motor and the mechanical sensor.
2. A photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the single-wavelength laser light source emits light having a beam divergence of 5 mrad or less and a laser power of 0.5mW or more.
3. The photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument of claim 1, wherein the focal length ratio of the beam expanding lens and the collimating lens multiplied by the diameter of the exit beam of the single-wavelength laser light source is greater than the diameter of the sample to be measured.
4. The photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument of claim 1, wherein the first polarizer, the first 1/4 wave plate, the second 1/4 wave plate, and the second polarizer are used to generate a biorthogonal polarized dark field;
the extinction ratio of the first polarizer to the second polarizer is greater than 100: 1;
the first 1/4 wave plate and the second 1/4 wave plate respectively generate 1/4 phase retardation at the wavelength of light emitted by the single-wavelength laser light source;
the diameter of the first polarizer is larger than 50mm, the diameter of the first 1/4 wave plate is larger than 50mm, the diameter of the second 1/4 wave plate is larger than 50mm, and the diameter of the second polarizer is larger than 50 mm.
5. The photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument of claim 1, wherein the imaging plate is single-sided ground glass.
6. The photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument of claim 1, wherein the pixels of the CCD camera are 500 ten thousand or more pixels, and the frame rate is 2 frames or more.
7. A photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the linear slide is mounted on a horizontally calibrated optical platform;
the single-wavelength laser light source, the beam expanding lens, the collimating lens, the first polarizer, the first 1/4 wave plate, the second 1/4 wave plate, the second polarizer, the imaging plate and the CCD camera which are arranged on the linear slide rail can be adjusted in a sliding mode through a sliding block respectively;
and the loading device arranged on the linear slide rail is fixed through the supporting platform.
8. The photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument of claim 1, wherein the control computer controls the loading motor to move according to a set loading command, obtains the stress variation of the sample to be measured in the loading process in real time through detection data feedback of the mechanical sensor, and obtains the dark fringe variation of the sample to be measured in the loading process in real time through image feedback of the CCD camera.
9. A photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the overall dimensions of the photoelastic coefficient measuring instrument are length x width x height (650mm to 750m) x (200mm to 300mm) x (300mm to 400 mm).
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