CN211784611U - Low-concentration particulate matter on-line monitoring system - Google Patents

Low-concentration particulate matter on-line monitoring system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN211784611U
CN211784611U CN202020410415.7U CN202020410415U CN211784611U CN 211784611 U CN211784611 U CN 211784611U CN 202020410415 U CN202020410415 U CN 202020410415U CN 211784611 U CN211784611 U CN 211784611U
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way valve
sampling
pipeline
communicated
particulate matter
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CN202020410415.7U
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Inventor
王明明
丁朋果
汪永威
王强
吕小林
符思聪
于威震
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Huazhong Electric Power Test Research Institute China of Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Huazhong Electric Power Test Research Institute China of Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to an on-line monitoring system for low-concentration particulate matters, which comprises a sampling unit, a measuring unit, an exhaust unit, a back-flushing cleaning unit and a control monitor, wherein the monitoring range of the on-line monitoring system is that the concentration of solid particulate matters in standard dry flue gas is 0-15mg/m3(ii) a The double-layer sampling nozzle is adopted, so that the temperature in the sampling nozzle is increased, and the accumulation of moisture and pollutants in the wet flue gas in the front of the sampling nozzle is reduced; temperature and pressure sensors are arranged in the measuring chamber, so that accurate and quantitative conversion of a smoke test result of the measuring chamber is realized; temperature, pressure and flow velocity sensors are arranged in the sampling nozzle and the ejector, so that constant-speed sampling of the flue gas is realized, and the influence of the sensors arranged in the sampling pipeline on the representativeness of the sampled flue gas is avoided; the back flushing cleaning unit is provided with a plurality of cleaning modes, and different requirements in operation and maintenance are met.

Description

Low-concentration particulate matter on-line monitoring system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas detection equipment, in particular to a low-concentration particulate matter online monitoring system.
Background
Today, the industry is rapidly developing, environmental problems become more serious, and the environmental protection requirements of national environmental protection institutions for large-scale industrial and mining enterprises are higher and higher, so that the emission standard of atmospheric pollutants is stricter, and the requirements of the enterprises on the low-concentration particulate matter online monitoring system are also continuously improved, especially in the aspects of accuracy, stability, convenience in maintenance and the like. At present, low-concentration particulate matter on-line monitoring systems basically adopt a dilution extraction method for sampling, dilution gas needs to be sent into a sampling nozzle to dilute sampled smoke, and system equipment is complex; the sampling nozzle is not heated, so that moisture and pollutants in wet flue gas can be accumulated in the front of the sampling nozzle, the sectional area of the sampling nozzle is reduced, and the flue gas is polluted; dilute the proportion, dilute the gas temperature, the fluctuation of the temperature of flue gas itself, all can influence measuring result's accuracy and stability, and dilute the proportion to the influence non-rating value of different particulate matter concentrations, also can influence measuring result's accuracy during the operating mode changes, simultaneously, only set up particulate matter concentration sensor in the measuring chamber, configuration such as temperature sensor and velocity sensor is on the anterior segment pipeline, can't carry out accurate ration conversion to measuring chamber flue gas test result, and the sensor arranges that can cause the pipeline local particulate matter to pile up in the anterior segment pipeline, and then cause the flue gas representativeness to have the deviation, therefore, low concentration particulate matter on-line monitoring still needs the technological problem that the solution is needed to the skilled person in the art urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an online monitoring system for low-concentration particulate matters.
The specific contents are as follows: the utility model provides a low concentration particulate matter on-line monitoring system, this system includes sampling unit, measuring element, exhaust unit, clean unit of blowback and control monitor, characterized by:
the sampling unit comprises a sampling nozzle, a sampling probe rod and a smoke three-way valve, wherein the sampling nozzle is communicated with a smoke pipeline through a pipeline, the sampling nozzle is communicated with the air inlet end of the sampling probe rod, and the air outlet end of the sampling probe rod is communicated with an A port of the smoke three-way valve through a pipeline;
the measuring unit comprises a measuring chamber, and an air inlet of the measuring chamber is communicated with a port C of the smoke three-way valve through a pipeline;
the air exhaust unit comprises a first two-way valve, an ejector and an air exhaust filter, the ejector is communicated with an air outlet of the measuring chamber through a pipeline, the ejector is communicated with the air exhaust filter through a pipeline, an air exhaust pipe is communicated with the air exhaust filter, the ejector is communicated with an air inlet pipe through a pipeline, and the pipeline is communicated with the first two-way valve in series;
the back-flushing cleaning unit comprises a back-flushing heater, a second two-way valve and a third two-way valve, an air inlet pipe is communicated with a port B of the sampling three-way valve through a pipeline, the back-flushing heater and the second two-way valve are communicated with a pipeline between the air inlet pipe and the sampling three-way valve in series, the second two-way valve is located between the sampling three-way valve and the back-flushing heater, the measuring chamber is communicated with the pipeline between the second two-way valve and the back-flushing heater through a pipeline which is connected with the third two-way valve in series, and all components are controlled by the control monitor.
Preferably, a pitot tube, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged in the sampling nozzle.
Preferably, the sampling nozzle adopts a double-layer structure, the inner layer is made of stainless steel, and the outer layer is made of ceramic.
Preferably, the sampling probe rod is provided with a heating and heat-preserving device and a temperature sensor.
Preferably, a smoke particulate matter concentration sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged in the measuring chamber.
Preferably, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a flow rate sensor are arranged in the ejector.
Preferably, a temperature sensor is arranged in the blowback heater.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the invention relates to an on-line monitoring system for low-concentration particulate matters, which comprises a sampling unit, a measuring unit, an exhaust unit, a back-flushing cleaning unit and a control monitor, wherein the monitoring range of the on-line monitoring system is that the concentration of solid particulate matters in standard dry flue gas is 0-15mg/m3(ii) a The double-layer sampling nozzle is adopted, so that the temperature in the sampling nozzle is increased, and the accumulation of moisture and pollutants in wet flue gas in the front of the sampling nozzle is reduced; temperature and pressure sensors are arranged in the measuring chamber, so that accurate and quantitative conversion of a smoke test result of the measuring chamber is realized; temperature, pressure and flow velocity sensors are arranged in the sampling nozzle and the ejector, so that constant-speed sampling of the flue gas is realized, and the influence of the sensors arranged in the sampling pipeline on the flue gas representativeness is avoided; the back flushing cleaning unit is provided with a plurality of cleaning modes, and different requirements in operation and maintenance are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural relationship diagram of an online monitoring system for low-concentration particulate matters;
in the figure: 11. the device comprises a flue gas pipeline, 12 sampling nozzles, 13 sampling probe rods, 14 control monitors, 15 a flue gas three-way valve, 16 a measuring chamber, 17 a second two-way valve, 18 a third two-way valve, 19 a back-blowing heater, 20 an air inlet pipe, 21 a first two-way valve, 22 an ejector, 23 an exhaust filter and 24 an exhaust pipe.
Detailed Description
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, an online monitoring system for low-concentration particulate matters comprises a sampling unit, a measuring unit, an exhaust unit, a back-flushing cleaning unit and a control monitor;
the sampling unit comprises a sampling nozzle, a sampling probe rod and a smoke three-way valve, wherein the sampling nozzle is communicated with a smoke pipeline through a pipeline, the sampling nozzle is communicated with the air inlet end of the sampling probe rod, and the air outlet end of the sampling probe rod is communicated with an A port of the smoke three-way valve through a pipeline;
the measuring unit comprises a measuring chamber, and an air inlet of the measuring chamber is communicated with a port C of the smoke three-way valve through a pipeline;
the exhaust unit comprises a first two-way valve, an ejector and an exhaust filter, the ejector is communicated with an air outlet of the measuring chamber through a pipeline, the ejector is communicated with the exhaust filter through a pipeline, an exhaust pipe is communicated with the exhaust filter, the exhaust filter filters dust and gaseous pollutants in smoke, the ejector is communicated with an air inlet pipe through a pipeline, and the pipeline is communicated with the first two-way valve in series;
the back-blowing cleaning unit comprises a back-blowing heater, a second two-way valve and a third two-way valve, the air inlet pipe is communicated with a port B of the sampling three-way valve through a pipeline, the back-blowing heater and the second two-way valve are connected in series with the pipeline between the air inlet pipe and the sampling three-way valve, the second two-way valve is located between the sampling three-way valve and the back-blowing heater, the measuring chamber is connected with the second two-way valve and the back-blowing heater through pipelines connected with the third two-way valve in series, and the back-blowing cleaning unit is used for calibrating exhaust units of the sampling unit and the measuring unit.
All components are controlled by a control monitor, and the temperature, pressure, flow rate or particulate matter concentration of the medium is tested; switching and adjusting the gas circuit under different states; the method is used for valve state adjustment, heater temperature adjustment, data storage, data analysis, fault alarm and data display when the system monitoring state changes.
And a pitot tube, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged in the sampling nozzle. The device is used for collecting the flue gas at a monitoring point and measuring the flow rate, the temperature and the pressure of the flue gas.
The sampling nozzle adopts a double-layer structure, the inner layer is made of stainless steel and has high heat-conducting property, and the outer layer is made of ceramic and has good heat preservation and mechanical properties.
The sampling probe rod is provided with a heating and heat-preserving device and a temperature sensor, and is used for collecting heating and heat preservation of flue gas and measuring temperature, so that the temperature of the flue gas is ensured to be above 120 ℃.
The measuring chamber is internally provided with a smoke particulate matter concentration sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor for measuring the concentration of particulate matter in smoke, the temperature of the smoke and the pressure.
The ejector is internally provided with a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a flow velocity sensor and used for monitoring the temperature, the pressure and the flow velocity of the flue gas at the ejector, and the standard condition flow of the inlet air of the ejector is the same as the standard condition flow of the flue gas at the monitoring point by adjusting the opening of the first two-way valve, so that constant-speed sampling is ensured.
And a temperature sensor is arranged in the back-blowing heater. The temperature measuring device is used for heating and measuring the temperature of compressed air, and ensures that the temperature of the compressed air subjected to back blowing is above 120 ℃.
The working process and principle of the invention are as follows:
firstly, a monitoring mode: the second two-way valve and the third two-way valve are closed, the port A and the port C of the smoke three-way valve are opened, the first two-way valve is opened to a certain opening degree, smoke is heated to be higher than 120 ℃ through the sampling probe rod through the sampling nozzle, and the smoke enters the measuring chamber through the smoke three-way valve to be measured and then is discharged out of the system through the ejector and the exhaust filter;
and adjusting the opening of the first two-way valve according to the change of the load working condition, controlling the standard condition flow of air at the inlet of the ejector to be the same as the standard condition flow of the flue gas at the monitoring point, and further ensuring constant-speed sampling.
Constant-speed sampling control calculation formula:
Figure BDA0002426828540000061
in the formula:
v1-the actual flow rate of air at the air inlet of the ejector in units of: m/s
v′1The theoretical flow rate of air at the air inlet of the ejector under the constant sampling condition is as follows: m/s;
vf-the flue gas flow rate at the sampling nozzle, unit is: m/s;
Tf、T1the flue gas temperature at the sampling nozzle and the air temperature at the air inlet of the ejector are respectively expressed by the unit: k;
Pf、P1the flue gas pressure at the sampling nozzle and the air pressure at the air inlet of the ejector are respectively expressed in the unit: pa;
Sf、S1the cross section of the sampling nozzle and the cross section of the air inlet pipeline of the ejector are respectively expressed by the following units: mm is2
And sampling the measurement result of the flue gas humidity and oxygen amount monitoring device at the section according to the temperature and the pressure of the measurement chamber, and converting the smoke dust test result.
Standard condition flue gas particulate matter concentration, the computational formula:
Figure BDA0002426828540000062
in the formula:
C0-the concentration of particulate matter in the condition flue gas under the measured oxygen content, in units of: mg/m3
c, measuring the concentration of particulate matters in indoor smoke, wherein the unit is as follows: mg/m3
T0T is standard condition temperature (273K) and indoor smoke temperature measurement, and the unit is as follows: k;
P0p is standard pressure (101325Pa) and indoor smoke temperature measurement, and the unit is: pa.
Marking the concentration of the dry flue gas particles, and calculating according to the formula:
Figure BDA0002426828540000071
in the formula:
cs-the concentration of particulate matter in the dry flue gas under the reference oxygen content subscript, in units of: mg/m3
c0-the concentration of particulate matter in the condition flue gas under the measured oxygen content, in units of: mg/m3
K-the reference oxygen content, in units of: percent; (6% of coal-fired boiler, 3% of oil-fired boiler and gas-fired boiler, and 15% of gas turbine group)
O2-the measured oxygen content in the dry flue gas is in units of: percent;
x is the moisture content in the actual flue gas, and the unit is as follows: % of the total weight of the composition.
Secondly, a back-blowing cleaning mode: the sampling unit and the measuring unit can be cleaned independently or integrally by back flushing by adjusting the switch of each valve;
back flushing and cleaning of the sampling unit: the first two-way valve and the third two-way valve are closed, the second two-way valve is opened, the port A and the port B of the smoke three-way valve are opened, the port C of the smoke three-way valve is closed, compressed air is heated to a temperature higher than 120 ℃ through the back-blowing heater, the sampling nozzle, the sampling probe rod and a pipeline connected between the sampling nozzle and the sampling probe rod are swept through the smoke three-way valve, and finally the compressed air is discharged into a flue.
The measurement unit is cleaned in a back blowing mode:
the first two-way valve and the second two-way valve are closed, the third two-way valve is opened, the C port of the smoke three-way valve is closed, the compressed air is heated to be above 120 ℃ through the back-blowing heater, the measuring chamber is blown and swept through the third two-way valve, and then the compressed air is discharged out of the system through the ejector and the exhaust filter.
Integral back flushing cleaning:
the first two-way valve and the second two-way valve are closed, the third two-way valve is opened, the port A and the port C of the smoke three-way valve are opened, the port B of the smoke three-way valve is closed, compressed air is heated to a temperature higher than 120 ℃ through the back-blowing heater, the measurement chamber is blown and swept through the third two-way valve, the sampling nozzle, the sampling probe rod and a pipeline connected between the sampling nozzle and the sampling probe rod are blown and swept through the smoke three-way valve, and finally the compressed air is discharged.
Thirdly, a calibration mode: after the sampling unit and the measuring unit are cleaned by integral back flushing, the third two-way valve is closed, the port B and the port C of the smoke three-way valve are opened, the port A is closed, the second two-way valve is opened, the first two-way valve recovers the opening degree before cleaning, compressed air is heated to more than 120 ℃ by a back flushing heater, enters the measuring chamber through the port B and the port C of the smoke three-way valve for calibration measurement, and is discharged out of the system through an ejector and an exhaust filter.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a low concentration particulate matter on-line monitoring system, this system includes sampling unit, measuring element, exhaust unit, clean unit of blowback and control monitor, characterized by:
the sampling unit comprises a sampling nozzle, a sampling probe rod and a smoke three-way valve, wherein the sampling nozzle is communicated with a smoke pipeline through a pipeline, the sampling nozzle is communicated with the air inlet end of the sampling probe rod, and the air outlet end of the sampling probe rod is communicated with an A port of the smoke three-way valve through a pipeline;
the measuring unit comprises a measuring chamber, and an air inlet of the measuring chamber is communicated with a port C of the smoke three-way valve through a pipeline;
the air exhaust unit comprises a first two-way valve, an ejector and an air exhaust filter, the ejector is communicated with an air outlet of the measuring chamber through a pipeline, the ejector is communicated with the air exhaust filter through a pipeline, an air exhaust pipe is communicated with the air exhaust filter, the ejector is communicated with an air inlet pipe through a pipeline, and the pipeline is communicated with the first two-way valve in series;
the back-flushing cleaning unit comprises a back-flushing heater, a second two-way valve and a third two-way valve, an air inlet pipe is communicated with a port B of the sampling three-way valve through a pipeline, the back-flushing heater and the second two-way valve are communicated with a pipeline between the air inlet pipe and the sampling three-way valve in series, the second two-way valve is located between the sampling three-way valve and the back-flushing heater, the measuring chamber is communicated with the pipeline between the second two-way valve and the back-flushing heater through a pipeline which is connected with the third two-way valve in series, and all components are controlled by the control monitor.
2. The on-line monitoring system for low-concentration particulate matter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a pitot tube, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged in the sampling nozzle.
3. The on-line monitoring system for low-concentration particulate matter as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the sampling nozzle adopts a double-layer structure, the inner layer is made of stainless steel, and the outer layer is made of ceramic.
4. The on-line monitoring system for low-concentration particulate matter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sampling probe rod is provided with a heating and heat-preserving device and a temperature sensor.
5. The on-line monitoring system for low-concentration particulate matter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the measuring chamber is internally provided with a smoke particulate matter concentration sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.
6. The on-line monitoring system for low-concentration particulate matter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a flow velocity sensor are arranged in the ejector.
7. The on-line monitoring system for low-concentration particulate matter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a temperature sensor is arranged in the back-blowing heater.
CN202020410415.7U 2020-03-26 2020-03-26 Low-concentration particulate matter on-line monitoring system Expired - Fee Related CN211784611U (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112611610A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-04-06 南京波瑞自动化科技有限公司 Dilution heating type particulate matter constant speed sampling device with temperature compensation
CN112611611A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-04-06 南京波瑞自动化科技有限公司 Smoke constant-speed sampling device with temperature compensation function
CN112629957A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-04-09 南京波瑞自动化科技有限公司 Constant-speed sampling device of static pressure balance method
CN113624572A (en) * 2021-08-24 2021-11-09 南京波瑞自动化科技有限公司 Smoke constant-speed sampling device for differential pressure measurement method

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112611610A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-04-06 南京波瑞自动化科技有限公司 Dilution heating type particulate matter constant speed sampling device with temperature compensation
CN112611611A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-04-06 南京波瑞自动化科技有限公司 Smoke constant-speed sampling device with temperature compensation function
CN112629957A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-04-09 南京波瑞自动化科技有限公司 Constant-speed sampling device of static pressure balance method
CN113624572A (en) * 2021-08-24 2021-11-09 南京波瑞自动化科技有限公司 Smoke constant-speed sampling device for differential pressure measurement method
CN113624572B (en) * 2021-08-24 2022-09-06 南京波瑞自动化科技有限公司 Smoke constant-speed sampling device for differential pressure measurement method

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