CN211784189U - Fluid motion measurement sensor device based on artificial tentacles - Google Patents
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- CN211784189U CN211784189U CN202020293937.3U CN202020293937U CN211784189U CN 211784189 U CN211784189 U CN 211784189U CN 202020293937 U CN202020293937 U CN 202020293937U CN 211784189 U CN211784189 U CN 211784189U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fluid motion measurement hardware equipment, especially, relate to a fluid motion measurement sensor device based on artifical palpus. The device comprises a mounting body fixedly arranged on a base, wherein a mounting cavity is formed in the hollow part of the mounting body, and an upper cavity and a lower cavity are formed in the middle of the mounting cavity; the artificial tentacle is arranged on the mounting body, and the capacitance sensing assembly and the strain sensing assembly are arranged in the mounting body; the capacitance sensing assembly comprises a cylindrical capacitance mounting ring arranged in the upper cavity; the outer surface of the capacitor mounting ring is provided with an inner capacitor plate, and a plurality of outer capacitor plates are arranged in the upper cavity; the end part of the artificial tentacle extending into the lower cavity is provided with a plurality of supporting arms, and the supporting arms are provided with strain gauges. This patent adopts jointly to use the palpus sensing device design of electric capacity sensing unit and strain sensing unit, can realize the accurate measurement to high frequency signal and displacement signal on a large scale. Provides a new scheme for better realizing accurate measurement of fluid movement.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fluid motion measurement hardware equipment, especially, relate to a fluid motion measurement sensor device based on artifical palpus.
Background
In the ocean, many kinds of living things can detect hydrodynamic changes by using only hairs or whiskers without relying on vision and hearing, and then monitor the surrounding environment. For example: the seal can use its sensitive tentacles to obtain hydrodynamic information for navigation and predation. From the bionics perspective, develop the sensor device that can measure the fluid motion, have important application prospect. For example, underwater unmanned vehicles rely on measurements of fluids for navigation, and can utilize the fluid measurements to track environmental contamination or locate subsea natural resources. From the perspective of military applications, the measured fluid information can be utilized to detect the motion of objects in water, and thus detect submarines and the like.
Currently, foreign research institutes have designed several whisker sensors for detecting the speed and direction of water movement, following the biological structure of seal tentacles. Most of the schemes only use a piezoelectric sensor or a capacitance sensor and the like to capture displacement and small shape change of the artificial tentacles caused by the fluid.
However, there are two important problems with existing designs: firstly, the design of the capacitance sensor is not perfect, so that gaps between capacitance plates are easily immersed by other liquids such as water and the like, thereby causing measurement failure and corrosion of a sensing element; secondly, the measurement limitation exists when only a capacitance sensor or a strain sensor is used. If the displacement measurement range of the capacitive sensor is large, but the response is slow, the measurement of high-frequency signals is limited, and the strain sensor has fast response, is suitable for measuring high-frequency signals, but has small displacement measurement range.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a can obtain higher measurement sensitivity's fluid motion measurement sensor device based on artifical palpus when can realizing great measuring range.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme.
The utility model relates to a fluid motion measurement sensor device based on artificial whisker, which comprises an installation body 2 fixedly arranged on a base, wherein an installation cavity 20 is formed in the installation body 2 in a hollow way, the top of the installation body 2 is provided with an installation hole, and a baffle 20a is arranged in the middle of the installation cavity 20 to form an upper cavity 20b and a lower cavity 20 c; a through hole 20d is formed in the middle of the partition plate 20 a;
the installation body 2 is used for isolating the internal and external environments and protecting the internal devices, and is fixed on other facilities or equipment through connection of the installation body, so that in the specific implementation process, the internal and external surfaces of the installation body 2 may be provided with conventional connection structures such as clamping grooves, holes and the like for connecting and fixing a capacitor plate, a strain gauge or connecting other structures.
In order to actually measure the data, the structure of the utility model also comprises an artificial tentacle 1 arranged on the installation body 2, and a capacitance sensing component and a strain sensing component which are arranged inside the installation body 2; the artificial tentacle 1 is inserted into the upper cavity 20b from the mounting hole and then extends into the lower cavity 20c through the through hole 20 d; an upper sealing film 3a is arranged in the mounting hole, a lower sealing film 3b is arranged in the through hole 20d, and the artificial tentacle 1 can be connected with the mounting body 2 in a swinging manner through the upper sealing film 3a and the lower sealing film 3 b;
the capacitive sensing assembly includes a cylindrical capacitive mounting ring 5 disposed in the upper cavity 20 b; the capacitor mounting ring 5 is sleeved on the artificial tentacle 1 and swings in the upper cavity 20b along with the artificial tentacle 1; the outer surface of the capacitor mounting ring 5 is provided with an inner capacitor plate, a plurality of outer capacitor plates 20g are arranged in the upper cavity body 20b, and the outer capacitor plates 20g are distributed on the cavity wall in a discrete, uniform and symmetrical manner;
the end part of the artificial tentacle 1 extending into the lower cavity 20c is provided with a star-shaped structure support frame, the star-shaped structure support frame comprises a plurality of support arms 7a, strain gauges are arranged on the support arms 7a, the support arms 7a surround the artificial tentacle 1, and the other end of the support arms 7a is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lower cavity 20 c.
The fluid motion measurement sensor device based on the artificial tentacle is further improved and at least comprises four supporting arms 7a which are arranged around the artificial tentacle 1 in a cross shape; at least four outer capacitive plates 20g are included. The complete acquisition of data in the conventional eight directions is realized, the data are better matched with common data collection and processing equipment, and the accuracy is improved.
In a further improvement of the artificial whisker based fluid motion measurement sensor device, upper chamber 20b is filled with a soft dielectric medium.
The fluid movement measuring sensor device based on the artificial whisker is further improved, and the diameter of the lower sealing film 3b is smaller than that of the upper sealing film 3 a; the lower sealing film 3b and the upper sealing film 3a are in sealing connection with the artificial antenna 1 to prevent liquid from entering.
The fluid motion measurement sensor device based on the artificial tentacle is further improved, the artificial tentacle 1 is a cylinder or a barrel with an oval cross section, and one or more spiral grooves 1a are formed in the surface of the artificial tentacle.
The fluid motion measurement sensor device based on the artificial whisker is further improved, the outer capacitor plate 20g is arranged corresponding to the inner capacitor plate arranged on the capacitor mounting ring 5, and the length of the outer capacitor plate 20g is smaller than that of the inner capacitor plate on the capacitor mounting ring, so that the staggered area of the inner capacitor plate and the outer capacitor plate is basically kept unchanged in the relative displacement process, and the capacitance change only reflects the change of the distance between the inner capacitor plate and the outer capacitor plate.
The fluid motion measurement sensor device based on the artificial tentacles is further improved, a plurality of first support arms are arranged on the star-shaped structure support frame, and the first support arms point to gaps between adjacent outer capacitance plates. Through interlude setting, can obtain more comprehensive accurate displacement or strain data, reduce experimental number of times, raise the efficiency.
The beneficial effects are that:
the utility model discloses an adopt and jointly use electric capacity sensing unit and strain sensing unit's palpus sensing device design, can realize the accurate measurement to high frequency signal and displacement signal on a large scale. Provides a new scheme for better realizing accurate measurement of fluid movement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fluid motion measurement sensor device based on an artificial whisker;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the interior of an artificial whisker based fluid motion measurement sensor device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the capacitive sensing cell;
FIG. 4 is a schematic distribution diagram of a cross-shaped strain gage in an embodiment;
fig. 5 is a bottom view of an artificial whisker based fluid motion measurement sensor device.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following specific examples.
The utility model provides a fluid motion measurement sensor device based on artifical palpus, when the fluid passes through sensor device, utilize the relevant excitation signal of artifical palpus perception, carry out signal conversion and measurement through the inside electric capacity sensing unit and the strain sensing unit of artifical palpus lower part cylindrical cavity.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the specific structure of the device includes an installation body 2 fixedly disposed on a base, an installation cavity 20 is formed in the installation body 2, and the installation body 2 is connected to the fixed or movable base to support the whole structure; for convenience of installation and use, the installation cavity 20 is generally designed as a cylindrical inner cavity, the installation body 2 is preferably made of a high-strength light material, and since the installation body needs to be in direct contact with various fluids, a material with characteristics of seepage prevention, corrosion resistance and the like is preferably selected for the type of fluid to be actually measured.
The top of the mounting body 2 is provided with a mounting hole, and the middle of the mounting cavity 20 is provided with a partition plate 20a to form an upper cavity 20b and a lower cavity 20 c; a through hole 20d is formed in the middle of the partition plate 20 a; the artificial tentacle 1 is inserted into the upper cavity 20b from the mounting hole and then extends into the lower cavity 20c through the through hole 20 d; an upper sealing film 3a is arranged in the mounting hole, a lower sealing film 3b is arranged in the through hole 20d, and the artificial tentacle 1 can be connected with the mounting body 2 in a swinging manner through the upper sealing film 3a and the lower sealing film 3 b;
the artificial tentacle comprises an artificial tentacle 1 arranged on the installation body 2, and a capacitance sensing assembly and a strain sensing assembly which are arranged in the installation body 2;
the capacitive sensing assembly includes a cylindrical capacitive mounting ring 5 disposed in the upper cavity 20 b; the capacitor mounting ring 5 is sleeved on the artificial tentacle 1 and swings in the upper cavity 20b along with the artificial tentacle 1; the outer surface of the capacitor mounting ring 5 is provided with an inner capacitor plate, a plurality of outer capacitor plates 20g are arranged in the upper cavity body 20b, and the outer capacitor plates 20g are distributed on the cavity wall in a discrete, uniform and symmetrical manner; the upper cavity 20b is filled with a soft insulating medium.
The end part of the artificial tentacle 1 extending into the lower cavity 20c is provided with a star-shaped structure support frame, the star-shaped structure support frame comprises a plurality of support arms 7a, strain gauges are arranged on the support arms 7a, the support arms 7a surround the artificial tentacle 1, and the other end of the support arms 7a is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lower cavity 20 c. Generally, the upper and lower surfaces of the supporting arm are uniformly provided with strain gauges to ensure the sensitivity of measurement. In the utility model, at least three supporting arms which are arranged around the artificial tentacle 1 in an annular array are required to be included; and at least comprises three pairs of movable capacitor plates 5g and fixed capacitor plates 5g which are arranged in an annular array around the artificial tentacles 1. In the embodiment, four strain gauges and capacitors which are arranged in a cross shape are respectively used, so that the design calculation process is simplified, and the accuracy is improved.
The artificial tentacles are taken as stress and sensing elements, generally are cylinders or cylinders with oval sections, one or more spiral grooves 1a are arranged on the surfaces of the artificial tentacles, and the grooves are designed by referring to the appearance structure of the seal tentacles, and are mainly used for fully capturing fluid motion signals and playing a certain filtering role; the diameter of the lower sealing film 3b is smaller than that of the upper sealing film 3 a; the lower sealing film 3b and the upper sealing film 3a are in sealing connection with the artificial antenna 1 to prevent liquid from entering.
Based on aforementioned structure, the utility model discloses a sensor can obtain two kinds of sensing unit's measurement advantage simultaneously, can realize simultaneously that displacement and signal frequency's measuring range has been enlarged to palpus displacement and measurement of meeting an emergency. The forced movement requirement of the artificial tentacle is considered, and the damage to the internal sensing unit caused by external fluid, dust and the like is avoided. The spatial resolution of the signals for measuring the forced motion of the artificial tentacle can be fully improved. Meanwhile, the sensor can be conveniently disassembled, manual tentacles in different shapes can be conveniently replaced, the cost is reduced, and the reliability is high.
The operation principle of the present invention will be explained and analyzed below.
The utility model discloses in, for obtaining the effective sign of fluid motion to the excitation that artificial palpus caused, the measuring information includes: displacement information of the artificial tentacles measured by the capacitance sensing unit; the bottom strain gauge takes a cross shape as an example of stress information of the artificial whisker measured by the sensing unit.
For displacement measurement of the capacitive sensing cell. As shown in fig. 3, it is assumed that the artificial whisker slightly tilts at a certain moment under the action of the external force of the fluid. The capacitance between the cylindrical capacitor unit mounted on the tentacle and the capacitor plate on the cavity wall changes due to the occurrence of the tilt. Taking the capacitance change measured by one capacitor plate as an example, as shown in fig. 3, the input end of the capacitor plate measuring unit is m, and the output end is n. The circuit between the input and the output can be represented as the circuit shown. C _ cylinder is the fringe capacitance of the cylinder capacitance unit, C _ plate is the fringe capacitance of the cavity wall capacitance sheet, and C _ gap and R _ gap are the capacitance and the resistance value of the medium filled between the cylinder capacitance unit and the cavity wall capacitance sheet respectively. R _ load is the load resistance of the measurement circuit. By simplifying the approximation, the transfer function of the measurement circuit between a cavity wall capacitor plate and a cylindrical capacitor plate as shown in fig. 3 under the action of the fluid can be expressed as:
where s ═ j2 π f, f is the frequency, CgapAnd RgapIs influenced by the relative displacement between the cavity wall capacitor plate and the cylindrical capacitor body. During actual measurement, the coefficient relation between the capacitance response signal and the relative displacement can be obtained through early calibration. On the basis, the measurement of the displacement of the artificial tentacle body by a single cavity wall capacitance sheet can be realized. By analogy, displacement information measured by the four cavity wall capacitance pieces can be obtained, and the size and the direction of the space displacement of the artificial tentacle body can be obtained through comprehensive analysis. The above is the basic method for measuring stress information by the artificial whisker device.
And measuring the stress of the strain gauge sensing unit. Under the condition of small deformation, the linear relation between the strain signal measured by the strain gauge and the corresponding stress signal is considered to exist. As shown in fig. 4, the cross-shaped strain gauge at the bottom is divided into 1-4 half-side units, and since four strain gauge units are distributed in a cross-symmetric manner, strain information in one direction can be measured by two corresponding strain gauges together (the joint measurement can eliminate adverse effects such as temperature drift, and the like, thereby improving the measurement accuracy). The strain cells 1 and 2 generate the maximum strain when the inflow direction of the fluid is 0 degrees, the strain cells 3 and 4 generate the maximum strain when the inflow direction is 90 degrees, and the strain cells 1 and 2 and the strain cells 3 and 4 generate the middle strain when the inflow direction is 45 degrees. The amount of strain generated by the strain cell can then be measured in the direction of fluid movement. Assuming that the strains produced by the strain cells 1 and 2 can be approximately expressed as12Let k be12The stress measured by the strain cells 1 and 2 can be expressed as σ, which is the stress conversion coefficient (elastic modulus) of the strain cells 1 and 212=12*k12. Similarly, the stress measured by the strain cells 3 and 4 can be expressed as σ34=34*k34. According to the principle of force superposition, the magnitude of the total stress can be approximately expressed as:the above is the basic method of the present invention for measuring stress information.
For verifying the utility model discloses a sensing device and relevant measurement method's validity adopts the method of experimental test to quantize the measuring result. The test comprises two contents, one is to test the effect of the sensing device on the flow rate measurement under the condition of constant flow rate; and the other is to apply sinusoidal excitation signals with different frequencies to the tentacle body to test the measuring effect of the sensing device on the frequency. Specifically, output signals of the capacitance sensing unit and the strain sensing unit are recorded under the excitation of water flow with a constant flow speed, the frequency spectrum of the signals is analyzed through processing means such as Fourier transform and the like on the basis of the output signals, and flow speed information is obtained through estimation. On the other hand, single-frequency sinusoidal excitation with different frequencies is directly applied to the artificial whisker body through the excitation device, output signals of the capacitance sensing unit and the strain sensing unit are recorded simultaneously, and frequency information is estimated through analyzing information such as frequency spectrum of the signals on the basis of the output signals. The test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 accuracy of flow Rate and frequency measurements
Test sequence number | Measuring flow velocity m/s | True flow velocity m/s | Error% | Measuring frequency Hz | True frequency | Error% | |
1 | 0.190 | 0.2 | 5.0 | 10.5 | 10 | 5.0 | |
2 | 0.382 | 0.4 | 4.5 | 31.4 | 30 | 4.6 | |
3 | 0.510 | 0.5 | 2.0 | 49.2 | 50 | 1.6 | |
4 | 0.721 | 0.7 | 3.0 | 72.9 | 70 | 4.1 | |
5 | 0.937 | 0.9 | 4.1 | 88.1 | 90 | 2.1 | |
6 | 1.049 | 1.0 | 4.9 | 103.7 | 100 | 3.7 |
Can know by table 1, based on the utility model discloses a sensor device has measuring range extensively, and the characteristics that measured data precision is high, and in handing over the velocity of flow measurement on a large scale, the error rate of data all can be controlled within 5%, can satisfy conventional project's technical requirement completely, can effectively reduce the cost of measuring the experiment, reduces the operation degree of difficulty, raises the efficiency.
It should be finally noted that the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced with equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A fluid movement measurement sensor device based on an artificial whisker is characterized by comprising an installation body (2) fixedly arranged on a base, wherein an installation cavity (20) is formed in the installation body (2) in a hollow mode, an installation hole is formed in the top of the installation body (2), and a partition plate (20a) is arranged in the middle of the installation cavity (20) to form an upper cavity (20b) and a lower cavity (20 c); a through hole (20d) is formed in the middle of the partition plate (20 a);
the artificial tentacle (1) is arranged on the mounting body (2), and the capacitance sensing assembly and the strain sensing assembly are arranged in the mounting body (2);
the artificial tentacles (1) are inserted into the upper cavity (20b) from the mounting holes and then extend into the lower cavity (20c) through the through holes (20 d); an upper sealing film (3a) is arranged in the mounting hole, a lower sealing film (3b) is arranged in the through hole (20d), and the artificial tentacle (1) is connected with the mounting body (2) through the upper sealing film (3a) and the lower sealing film (3b) in a swinging manner;
the capacitive sensing assembly comprises a cylindrical capacitive mounting ring (5) disposed in an upper cavity (20 b); the capacitor mounting ring (5) is sleeved on the artificial tentacle (1) and swings in the upper cavity (20b) along with the artificial tentacle (1); the outer surface of the capacitor mounting ring (5) is provided with an inner capacitor plate, the upper cavity (20b) is internally provided with a plurality of outer capacitor plates (20g), and the outer capacitor plates (20g) are distributed on the cavity wall in a scattered, uniform and symmetrical manner;
the end part of the artificial tentacle (1) extending into the lower cavity (20c) is provided with a star-shaped structure support frame, the star-shaped structure support frame comprises a plurality of support arms (7a), and strain gauges are arranged on the support arms (7 a); the supporting arm (7a) is arranged around the artificial tentacle (1), and the other end of the supporting arm (7a) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lower cavity (20 c).
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized by comprising at least four supporting arms (7a) arranged in a cross-shape around the artificial whisker (1); at least four outer capacitor plates (20g) are included.
3. The artificial whisker based fluid motion measurement sensor device of claim 1, wherein the upper cavity (20b) is filled with a soft insulating medium.
4. The artificial whisker based fluid motion measurement sensor device of claim 1, wherein the lower sealing membrane (3b) has a smaller diameter than the upper sealing membrane (3 a); the lower sealing film (3b) and the upper sealing film (3a) are connected with the artificial tentacle (1) in a sealing way to prevent liquid from entering.
5. The artificial whisker based fluid motion measurement sensor device according to claim 1, wherein the artificial whisker (1) is a cylinder or a barrel with an oval cross section, and the surface of the artificial whisker is provided with one or more spiral grooves.
6. The artificial whisker based fluid motion measurement sensor device of claim 1, wherein the outer capacitive plates (20g) are arranged corresponding to inner capacitive plates arranged on the capacitive mounting ring (5), the length of the outer capacitive plates (20g) being smaller than the axial height of the inner capacitive plates on the capacitive mounting ring.
7. The artificial whisker based fluid motion measurement sensor device of claim 1, wherein a plurality of first support arms are provided on the star-shaped structural support frame, the first support arms pointing to a gap between adjacent outer capacitive plates.
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CN111289220A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-16 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Fluid motion measurement sensor device based on artificial tentacles |
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CN111289220A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-16 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Fluid motion measurement sensor device based on artificial tentacles |
CN111289220B (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2024-08-16 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Fluid motion measurement sensor device based on artificial tentacles |
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CN112556729B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-08-27 | 北京理工大学 | Active bionic tentacle sensor and device |
CN112763751A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-05-07 | 北京理工大学 | Shape recognition method and system based on passive whisker sensor |
CN113532520A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-22 | 吉林大学 | Vector sensor, vector sensing device, and method for manufacturing vector sensor |
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