CN211778855U

CN211778855U - Sprocket blank structure

Info

Publication number: CN211778855U
Application number: CN202020147193.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张齐; 王瑞; 王城; 陈张云; 王凯
Original assignee: Shanxi Haogang Heavy Industry Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanxi Haogang Heavy Industry Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-01-24
Filing date: 2020-01-24
Publication date: 2020-10-27
Anticipated expiration: 2030-01-24

Abstract

The utility model provides a sprocket blank structure, which is used for processing a sprocket, wherein the sprocket comprises a wheel core and at least two rows of gear teeth distributed outside the wheel core, and a wheel groove is formed between the rows of two adjacent rows of gear teeth; the blank structure comprises a blank wheel core and blank wheel teeth distributed outside the blank wheel core, wherein residual blocks filled in the space between the blank wheel teeth are formed between the blank wheel teeth, the residual blocks are arranged at positions where wheel grooves are formed, and the thickness of the residual blocks is not smaller than the width of the wheel grooves. The material can be saved more, the wheel groove can be formed through the most common lathe, the cutting machining cannot be performed during the grooving, the later-stage machining can be reduced, and the machining time can be shortened; in addition, the metal streamline inside the finished product, especially the gear teeth part, can not be broken, and the impact resistance and the comprehensive mechanical property of the gear teeth are improved.

Description

Sprocket blank structure

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the machining field, concretely relates to sprocket blank structure.

Background

In the mechanical field, chain transmission is commonly used, which is characterized in that the motion and power of a driving sprocket with a special tooth form are transmitted to a driven sprocket with a special tooth form through a chain.

Compared with belt transmission, the chain transmission has the advantages of no elastic sliding and slipping phenomena, accurate average transmission ratio, reliable work, high efficiency, large transmission power, strong overload capacity, small transmission size under the same working condition, small required tension, small pressure acting on a shaft, and capability of working in severe environments such as high temperature, humidity, dustiness, pollution and the like. And the tooth form and the chain shape have various choices and can be designed and selected according to the needs.

The chain transmission has the main defects of only being used for transmission between two parallel shafts, high cost, easy abrasion, easy extension and poor transmission stability, can generate additional dynamic load, vibration, impact and noise during operation, and is not suitable for being used in rapid reverse transmission.

The chain participating in chain transmission is formed by connecting single-link chain links in series, if single-link chain links are damaged, the chain links can be replaced, the gear teeth of the chain wheel are usually integrated with the chain wheel, if the chain links are damaged, the whole chain wheel needs to be replaced under most conditions, the manufacturing cost is high, and therefore the strength and the durability of the gear teeth are very concerned in the manufacturing process of the chain wheel.

If the chain wheel is classified according to the specifications of the chain wheel, the chain wheel can be divided into three categories, namely, a small chain wheel, such as a bicycle chain wheel, is formed, has wide application, large batch and small specification, is similar to standard part operation, is a mature production line, has stable quality, and is usually provided with blanks for machining by integrally forming blanks.

The other type is a large chain wheel, a sintering machine in metallurgical equipment and a chain wheel in a cooling machine are large in size, the outer diameter of the chain wheel is often several meters or even tens of meters, the huge chain wheel structure needs to be manufactured in a split mode, the whole chain wheel structure is subjected to finish machining after assembly, gear teeth are generally assembled with a wheel body in a toothed plate mode, and then the whole machining of other gears outside tooth shapes, such as an excircle and an end face, is carried out. Large sprockets are typically designed and manufactured individually.

The chain wheel is also a medium-sized chain wheel, which is usually manufactured by a machining center due to the medium batch, and the wheel body and the toothed plate or the wheel core and the wheel body are partially processed in a split mode and then integrally processed after being assembled. However, from the viewpoint of both stability and overall performance of the product, it is preferable to provide the blank in an integrally formed manner during the manufacturing process.

The integrally-formed chain wheel adopts the conventional blank in a cake shape, so that the allowance is large, the processing is wasted, the time is long, and the tooth surface strength is not ideal. The processing of sprocket body tooth shaping is wherein the processing technology is the most, and the biggest process of man-hour consumption, and the processing technology in the past relies on freely forging the blank to make into ring type forging completely, relies on machining to come out with horizontal machining center with the tooth portion, and raw materials utilization is low, and process time is long, and is with high costs, and the metal streamline is at the marginal fracture of every tooth, and life is lower.

The applicant has realized in previous research work that direct tooth formation during forging of the blank would provide significant benefits, but only for single row sprockets, where the sprocket was traditionally made separately and then attached to the wheel core in a double row, multiple row manufacturing, which is obviously not suitable for medium sprocket manufacturing. The other method is to directly process the wheel groove, but the cutting process is performed during the grooving, so that the machining efficiency is influenced due to the fact that the blade is easy to knock a cutter, the loss of the cutter is increased, and the machining precision is also influenced to a certain extent. The conventional blank construction is still used for the rows of sprockets.

It would be desirable to improve upon the existing blank construction and manufacturing process to accommodate the manufacture of non-single row sprockets.

The above technical problems are found in the creation process of the utility model by the inventor and do not necessarily constitute the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a sprocket blank structure. To at least solve or alleviate one or more of the technical problems of the prior art, or to at least provide a useful alternative.

Therefore, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts is: a sprocket blank structure is used for processing a sprocket, and the sprocket comprises a wheel core and at least two rows of gear teeth distributed outside the wheel core, wherein a wheel groove is formed between the rows of the two adjacent rows of gear teeth;

the blank structure comprises a blank wheel core and blank wheel teeth distributed outside the blank wheel core, wherein residual blocks filled in the space between the blank wheel teeth are formed between the blank wheel teeth, the residual blocks are arranged at positions where wheel grooves are formed, and the thickness of the residual blocks is not smaller than the width of the wheel grooves.

Therefore, the tooth profile is directly formed in the blank structure, namely, the tooth edge is directly manufactured when the blank is manufactured, the tooth edge is used as an auxiliary added residual block formed between the teeth, compared with the traditional cake-shaped or annular blank, more materials can be saved, the most common lathe can be used for forming the wheel groove, the cutting processing can not be carried out during the grooving, the later processing can be reduced, and the processing time can be shortened; in addition, the metal streamline inside the finished product, especially the gear teeth part, can not be broken, and the impact resistance and the comprehensive mechanical property of the gear teeth are improved.

In a preferred implementation, the remainder is integrally formed with the cogwheel core.

In a preferred implementation, the sprocket blank structure is integrally formed in its entirety by closed forging.

In a preferred implementation, the machining allowance of the gear tooth blank does not exceed 3 mm.

In a preferred implementation, the sprocket has an outer diameter of 350mm to 800 mm.

In a preferred implementation, the width of the wheel groove is 20mm to 45 mm.

In a preferred implementation, the difference between the thickness of the slug and the width of the wheel groove is 0 to 2 mm.

A method of making the sprocket using the blank structure as previously described, comprising the steps of:

grooving the blank structure, removing the residual blocks and separating the teeth of the blank body into at least two rows of teeth to obtain a grooved blank body;

roughly processing the slotted blank to obtain a roughly processed blank;

carrying out quenching and tempering on the rough-added blank to obtain a quenched and tempered blank;

and performing finish machining on the quenched and tempered blank to reach the size of a finished product.

In a preferred implementation, the finishing further comprises forming a chain pocket in the wheel teeth.

The foregoing summary is provided for the purpose of description only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the present invention will be readily apparent by reference to the drawings and following detailed description.

Drawings

In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to the same or similar parts or elements throughout the several views unless otherwise specified. The figures are not necessarily to scale. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only some embodiments in accordance with the disclosure and are not to be considered limiting of its scope.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of a sprocket product provided in an implementation manner of the present invention, in which the cutting plane is a plane perpendicular to an axial direction of the sprocket, and the cutting position is a wheel groove.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sprocket product according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the cutting plane is a plane where the axis of the sprocket is located, and the cutting position is a position of a gear tooth.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an external structure of a sprocket blank structure provided in an implementation of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing a cutting structure of a sprocket blank structure provided in an implementation manner of the present invention, wherein the cutting plane is a plane where the axis of the sprocket is located, and the cutting position is a position of a gear tooth.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view showing a sprocket provided in one embodiment of the present invention after completion of grooving process in the sprocket machining process.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view showing a sprocket provided in one embodiment of the present invention after finishing in a sprocket machining process.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional sprocket manufacturing method using an annular blank, the cross-sectional view being a plane in which the sprocket axis lies.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the grooved sprocket during the machining process of a conventional sprocket manufacturing method.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a conventional sprocket manufacturing method after rough machining has been completed during the manufacturing process.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a tooth form machined during the machining process of a conventional sprocket manufacturing method.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the finished sprocket during the machining process of the conventional sprocket manufacturing method.

Reference numerals:

100-blank wheel core; 200-blank gear teeth; 300-remainder blocks.

Detailed Description

In the following, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive.

As depicted in fig. 3 and 4, a sprocket blank structure is disclosed for manufacturing the sprocket shown in fig. 1 and 2, the sprocket includes a core, two rows of teeth distributed outside the core, and grooves formed between two adjacent rows of teeth; in other embodiments, which are not illustrated in the figures, it is also possible to provide the sprocket with more than two rows of teeth, for example a sprocket with three rows of teeth and four rows of teeth. In some particular implementations, the dimensions of the gear teeth may not be exactly the same, and multiple rows of gear teeth of different dimensions may be provided.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the blank structure includes a blank wheel 100 and blank wheel teeth 200 distributed outside the blank wheel core 100, and a residual block 300 filled in a space between the blank wheel teeth 200 is formed between the blank wheel teeth 200, and with reference to fig. 2 and 4, the residual block 300 is disposed at a position where a wheel groove is formed, and a thickness of the residual block 300 is not less than a width of the wheel groove.

The finished product processed by the blank is analyzed from three aspects, firstly, the internal microscopic golden image structure is adopted, and through microscopic observation, the metal streamline of the gear tooth part is in a complete fit with the tooth profile instead of a broken longer streamline shape, so that the gear tooth can be prevented from being impacted more strongly.

In addition, the processing cost analysis shows that compared with the traditional mode of processing and manufacturing by adopting an annular blank, compared with fig. 7, the cost of blank materials is reduced, the subsequent processing procedures are simplified, the chain wheel with the same specification is manufactured, and on the basis of improving the performance of the finished product, the chain wheel is manufactured by adopting the blank structure shown in fig. 3 and 4, so that the cost can be saved by at least 25%.

Finally, through practical application, after the gear tooth part of the chain wheel is continuously loaded and operated, the service life of the chain wheel is prolonged by more than 20%. The tooth of a cogwheel part that carries out the sprocket through the selective examination twists reverse, and is tensile, and the contrast experiment of side impact compares with the sprocket that adopts traditional blank structure preparation, adopts the sprocket of the blank structure preparation that fig. 3 and fig. 4 illustrate, and its tooth of a cogwheel part has higher intensity.

As shown in fig. 4, it is desirable to form the remainder block 300 integrally with the cogwheel core 100. The mode can fully prevent the cutting in the process of turning and grooving, the performance of the rest blocks removed by turning is consistent with that of partial materials removed by the gear teeth of the green body, and the load, the friction heating and the like are uniform in the turning process and are smoother. Another alternative is to attach the remainder to the blank by welding, which, although it also avoids the need for cutting, adds complexity to the process and causes stress variations in the material of the welded portion.

In an alternative forming mode, the whole sprocket blank structure is integrally formed in a closed forging mode. Under certain requirements, the blank structure can be manufactured by adopting a precision casting mode, but better mechanical property can be brought by closed forging, and materials can be further saved by adopting the closed forging mode through the basis provided by the prior technical development work of the applicant. In a patent (granted publication No. CN 103785786B) previously filed by the applicant, a method of forming a tooth form on a sprocket blank by means of closed forging is disclosed. In the applicant's proposed patent application (publication number: CN 107470541A), specific process steps for closed forging a sprocket blank are disclosed. The contents of these two patent documents are incorporated by reference in their entirety in this specification.

As an application scene suitable for economic indexes and a condition for supporting process optimization in the subsequent machining process, the machining allowance of the gear tooth blank is preferably not more than 3 mm. This is possible on the basis of the applicant's prior art development work.

In addition, the outer diameter of the sprocket most suitably manufactured using the sprocket blank structure provided in fig. 3 and 4 is 350mm to 800 mm. Within the scope of this specification, the best economic indicators will be obtained.

Likewise, the width of the wheel groove is preferably 20mm to 45mm, as suitably selected. Beyond this range, it is possible to provide a residual block that is too thin or too thick, decreasing economic indicators, or increasing difficulty in molding.

Preferably, the difference between the thickness of the residual block and the width of the wheel groove is 0 to 2mm, and the allowance can ensure the smooth processing of the wheel groove and the great saving of blank materials. .

A method of making a sprocket using a blank structure as previously described, comprising the steps of:

as shown in fig. 5, performing grooving on the blank structure, removing the residual blocks and separating the teeth of the blank body into at least two rows of teeth to obtain a grooved blank body;

roughly processing the slotted blank to obtain a roughly processed blank;

as shown in fig. 6, the green compact is finished to the final dimensions.

With reference to the attached drawings, the finishing further comprises forming chain sockets on the wheel teeth.

Therefore, the corresponding blank structure and the corresponding manufacturing method can simplify the machining process steps, reduce the machining time and reduce the machining cost.

In contrast, referring to the conventional link manufacturing process as disclosed in fig. 7 to 11, first, an annular sprocket blank is manufactured with sufficient allowance for each processed portion; then, grooving; then rough machining is carried out, and the end faces, the outer circles and the like of the inner hole and the chain wheel are removed and machined; after the above steps are completed, the tooth profile can be formed, and the processing is generally performed by adopting a method such as gear milling or a processing center; then quenching and tempering, subsequent fine machining and the like are carried out.

Obviously, the traditional processing mode not only consumes more materials, but also has more complex procedures, long processing time and high cost, and the metal streamline of the processed gear teeth is disconnected, compared with the prior art, the impact resistance of the gear teeth is lower.

The utility model can be realized by adopting or using the prior art for reference in places which are not mentioned in the utility model.

The above embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of various changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, which should be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

In the present disclosure, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact between the first and second features, or may comprise contact between the first and second features not directly. Also, the first feature being "on," "square," and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.

The above disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of the specific examples are described above. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or reference letters in the various examples, which have been repeated for purposes of simplicity and clarity and do not in themselves dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. In addition, the present disclosure provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize applications of other processes and/or use of other materials.

Claims

1. A sprocket blank structure is used for processing a sprocket, and the sprocket comprises a wheel core and at least two rows of gear teeth distributed outside the wheel core, wherein a wheel groove is formed between the rows of the two adjacent rows of gear teeth; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

2. The sprocket blank structure as set forth in claim 1, wherein said remainder is integrally formed with the cogwheel core.

3. The sprocket blank structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sprocket blank structure is integrally formed in its entirety by closed forging.

4. The sprocket blank structure as set forth in claim 3, wherein the green body tooth machining allowance is no more than 3 mm.

5. The sprocket blank structure as set forth in claim 1, wherein the sprocket has an outer diameter of from 350mm to 800 mm.

6. The sprocket blank structure as set forth in claim 1 or 5, wherein the width of the wheel groove is 20mm to 45 mm.

7. The sprocket blank structure as set forth in claim 1, wherein the difference between the thickness of said residual blocks and the width of said wheel grooves is 0 to 2 mm.