CN211741611U - Well three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument system based on damping metamaterial - Google Patents
Well three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument system based on damping metamaterial Download PDFInfo
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- CN211741611U CN211741611U CN202020753083.2U CN202020753083U CN211741611U CN 211741611 U CN211741611 U CN 211741611U CN 202020753083 U CN202020753083 U CN 202020753083U CN 211741611 U CN211741611 U CN 211741611U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a well three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument system based on damping metamaterials, wherein the well three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument is connected with a ground logging truck through an armored logging cable; in the borehole three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument, a three-component MEMS gravity sensor, a three-component attitude sensor and a three-component magnetic field sensor are all arranged in a sealed and vacuum sensor cabin; the sealed and vacuum sensor cabin is arranged on a three-shaft universal support, and the three-shaft universal support is fixed in an inner shell of the sensor of the instrument cabin; damping metamaterials are arranged outside the inner shell of the instrument cabin sensor; shock attenuation metamaterial peripheral hardware shell. The utility model discloses can be at same place simultaneous measurement three-component gravity value and three-component magnetic force value, based on the shell that has the linear or non-linear acoustics metamaterial of superstrong shock attenuation and shock insulation characteristic and found, reduce among the measurement process because the influence to instrument stability such as the additional horizontal disturbance acceleration and vertical disturbance acceleration and vibrations to the sensor.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of geophysical exploration, specifically indicate a three-component gravity magnetic force composite instrument system in well based on shock attenuation metamaterial.
Background
Gravity exploration observes and researches a natural earth gravity field, and has the advantages of relatively economy and large exploration depth due to the fact that the density distribution of materials is not uniform from the vicinity of the earth surface to the deep part of the earth. The gravity measurement in the well is carried out by adopting a special gravity meter in the well, measuring the change of the gravity along the depth along the drill hole and carrying out the measurement in the drill hole with or without casing. The measurements result in a range of variations in rock density around the borehole.
Magnetic exploration is a geophysical method for researching geological structure and mineral resources or other detection object distribution rules by observing and analyzing magnetic anomalies caused by magnetic differences of rocks, ores or other detection objects. Magnetic force exploration researches magnetic anomalies, wherein the magnetic anomalies are mainly generated by magnetic rocks (ores) under the action of the magnetization of the earth magnetic field, wherein the magnetism of the rocks is an internal cause, and the earth magnetization field is an external cause. Thus, the physical basis for magnetic prospecting, which is the combination of internal and external causes, is: earth magnetic field and rock magnetic. Magnetic force exploration can be divided into four categories, aerial magnetic surveying, ground magnetic surveying, marine magnetic surveying, and magnetic surveying in wells, depending on the working environment. The magnetic survey in the well is the extension of ground magnetic survey to the underground, and is mainly used for dividing magnetic rock stratums, searching blind mines and the like, and the data of the magnetic survey has the functions of verification and supplement to the ground magnetic survey. The main tasks of magnetic exploration are: the geometric parameters (position, shape, size, shape) and magnetic parameters (magnetization intensity, direction) of the magnetic body causing the magnetic anomaly are determined and determined according to the measured magnetic anomaly. To complete the whole interpretation task of magnetic exploration interpretation and inference, it is not enough to rely on mathematical calculation, and it is necessary to master reliable geology, physical properties and other physical exploration data for comprehensive analysis and interpretation to obtain a geological conclusion which is more in line with the objective and actual situation, so as to provide a basis for finding underground mineral resources or other detection targets.
In-well gravity measurements refer to gravity measurements made vertically in a well bore, shaft, and horizontally or vertically in different levels of a mine. Gravity measurements in wells and shafts study the change in the vertical component of gravity with depth caused by changes in the vertical and lateral position of subsurface density inhomogeneities. The principle of gravity measurement in the tunnel is similar to that of ground gravity measurement, and can provide information about lateral density changes near the tunnel. When underground gravity measurement is carried out in a vertical shaft or a tunnel with larger size, a conventional ground gravimeter can be adopted; while subsurface gravity measurements in a well must employ an in-well gravimeter. Limited to the diameter of the borehole and the environmental conditions, drilling gravimeters are required to have a small diameter, to withstand high temperature and pressure variations, and to perform measurements with some deviation from the plumb line.
The borehole three-component magnetometer is a geological instrument used for measuring the depth change of three orthogonal vectors of a geomagnetic field along a borehole axis during borehole drilling in a borehole, is used for measuring the magnetic field when the magnetic field is deeply penetrated into the ground, can obtain information data which cannot be detected by the ground magnetic field, and can solve the more complicated deep geological problem. At present, the three-component magnetometer is mainly used for verifying the magnetic field abnormality on the ground and finding out magnetic ore bodies beside and at the bottom of a drilling hole. The three components refer to two geomagnetic field components X, Y and one vertical component Z in the horizontal plane at different depth points. This measurement space coordinate system is typically determined using the direction of gravity and the direction of inclination of the borehole. However, in the conventional three-component magnetometer, the magnetosensitive element is mounted on a movable frame, and after the probe tube is inclined, a mechanical system is used for maintaining a coordinate system of a measurement system under the action of gravity, so that inaccurate measurement is caused. And the three-component magnetometer has complex structure and low reliability, and can only carry out underground positioning point measurement.
An in-well gravity measurement system generally comprises two parts, namely a surface instrument and an in-well instrument. The surface instrument is mainly a control system and a winch capable of accurately controlling the downhole depth, and is less limited by the use environment. The working environment of the instrument in the well is very complex, the performance of the gravimeter in the well meets the severe requirements of factors such as well temperature, well pressure, well diameter, well deviation and the like, and in addition, the measurement time is also an important index of the gravimeter in the well because the efficiency is directly influenced.
Modern in-well gravimeters have been provided with smaller outer diameters and higher accuracy as technology has evolved. The unit of in-well gravimeters currently in use in the world for the development and production industry is mainly the company LaCoste & Romberg-scintrex (lrs). The LRS corporation published a version of the gravimeter Gravilog in the well in 2007 based on the same sensitive principle of CG-5 versus gravimeters, i.e. a bulk fused quartz spring system with a gravity sensor placed in a 44mm diameter copper spherical shell. The gravimeter in the Gravillog well adjusts the angle of the spherical shell through the leveling mechanism, so that the gravity sensor can work in the range of 0-60 degrees, the highest temperature which can be borne is 70 ℃, the highest working pressure is 25.5MPa, the outer diameter is 48.3mm, the repetition precision is superior to 7 mu Gal, and the gravimeter is suitable for mineral resource exploration, cavity detection and the like in a thin well. Another version of the LRS company, the Bluecap model, is designed for use in wells with higher temperatures and pressures, for exploration of oil and gas resources, time shift monitoring, etc. The instrument uses a metal zero-length spring system as a sensitive unit, so that the instrument has a larger outer diameter of 60.3mm, but can work at 150 ℃ and 103MPa in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, can normally work in a range with an inclination angle of 0-105 degrees under the action of a leveling mechanism, and has the repeatability precision superior to 7 mu Gal.
When the existing underground gravity instrument and the existing underground magnetic instrument operate underground, the instrument needs to be lowered to a measuring point position with a preset depth underground, and the instrument can start to acquire data after the measuring point position is static and stable. If the well conditions are unstable, the long-time fixing of the instrument in the well to measure the gravity data in the well can cause the gravity instrument in the well and a logging cable connected with the gravity instrument in the well to be adsorbed on the well wall and cannot move due to the standing still, or the deformed and collapsed well wall is clamped in the well. In addition, at present, no three-component in-well gravity instrument which is put into practical application exists, and the existing in-well gravity instrument can only measure the vertical component of the gravitational field in the well.
The existing gravity instrument and magnetic instrument in well are developed and produced respectively according to different principles, they are independent geophysical measuring instruments in well, during construction, single geophysical parameter measurement of different principles is carried out, the development and manufacturing costs of various gravity instruments and magnetic instruments in well are high, the production efficiency is low due to multiple multi-principle multi-parameter respective measurement, and the cost for carrying out geophysical measurement in comprehensive well is extremely high. At present, no geophysical exploration instrument system in a comprehensive well can contain different method principles to realize synchronous simultaneous same-position measurement of multiple principles and multiple parameters in multiple ways on the geophysical exploration instrument system in the comprehensive well.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at overcoming the not enough of prior art, provide a three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument system in well based on shock attenuation metamaterial.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the borehole three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument system based on the shock absorption metamaterial comprises a ground logging truck and a borehole three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument, wherein the ground logging truck is located on the ground and used for instrument control and data acquisition; the in-well three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument is connected with a ground logging truck through an armored logging cable;
the borehole three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument based on the damping metamaterial comprises an outer shell, a sealed vacuum sensor cabin, a three-component MEMS gravity sensor, a three-component attitude sensor, a three-component magnetic field sensor, a three-axis universal bracket, a nine-channel weak signal amplification module, a nine-channel analog-to-digital conversion module, a data storage module and an instrument cabin sensor inner shell;
the three-component MEMS gravity sensor, the three-component attitude sensor and the three-component magnetic field sensor are all arranged in a sealed and vacuum sensor cabin; the sealed vacuum sensor cabin is arranged on a three-axis universal support, and the three-axis universal support ensures that the vertical components of the three-component MEMS gravity sensor and the three-component magnetic field sensor are always kept vertically upward when the three-axis universal support works; the three-axis universal support is fixed in an inner shell of the instrument cabin sensor made of the damping metamaterial; damping metamaterials are arranged outside the inner shell of the instrument cabin sensor; and the shock absorption metamaterial is externally provided with a vacuum sealed sensor cabin shell.
The shock absorption metamaterial comprises an inner metamaterial shock absorption layer, an isolation layer and an outer metamaterial shock absorption layer from inside to outside in sequence.
The isolation layer is a flexible material layer with an orthogonal grid structure on the surface.
The damping metamaterial is a linear or nonlinear acoustic metamaterial with super-strong damping and shock insulation characteristics, the ultra-low frequency and ultra-wide band efficient shock suppression effects of the linear or nonlinear acoustic metamaterial are fully utilized, and horizontal interference acceleration and vertical interference acceleration which are added to underground three-component gravity and magnetic sensors in the moving measurement process of a three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument system in a well are greatly reduced.
The three-component MEMS gravity sensor, the three-component attitude sensor and the three-component magnetic field sensor are uniformly and sequentially connected with the nine-channel weak signal amplification module, the nine-channel analog-to-digital conversion module and the data storage module; the data storage module is connected with the armored logging cable; output signals of the three-component MEMS gravity sensor, the three-component attitude sensor and the three-component magnetic field sensor are amplified through the nine-channel weak signal amplification module, then are converted into digital signals through the nine-channel analog-to-digital conversion module and are input into the data storage module for storage, and the data are uploaded into a control computer in the ground logging truck along the armored logging cable for subsequent processing.
The sensor cabin is arranged in the middle of the three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument in the well, and the nine-channel weak signal amplification module, the nine-channel analog-to-digital conversion module and the data storage module are arranged at the bottom of the three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument in the well; the three-component MEMS gravity sensor is arranged at the upper part in the sealed vacuum sensor cabin, the three-component attitude sensor is arranged at the middle part of the sealed vacuum sensor cabin, and the three-component magnetic field sensor is arranged at the lower part of the sealed vacuum sensor cabin or is positioned below the three-component attitude sensor.
The three-component magnetic field sensor is a three-component fluxgate magnetic field sensor, or a three-component induction coil type magnetic field sensor, or a three-component superconducting magnetic field sensor.
Specifically, the three-component MEMS gravity sensor comprises sensing modules of all axes, a mounting body and a shell; each axis sensing module comprises a Z axis MEMS gravity sensor, an X axis MEMS gravity sensor and a Y axis MEMS gravity sensor;
each axis sensing module mainly comprises a micro-electromechanical gravity sensing chip and a weak signal detection special integrated circuit chip which are fixed on a PCB;
the mounting body comprises a cuboid structure and a cylindrical base; a plurality of threaded holes are distributed on the cuboid structure and used for mounting each shaft sensing module; the cylindrical base side surface threads are used for installing the shell; four threaded holes are formed below the base and used for fixedly mounting the three-component MEMS gravity sensor; the inner side of the shell is provided with a thread matched with the mounting body, and the top of the shell is provided with a through hole for input and output of a power supply and a signal.
The three-component MEMS gravity sensor is a three-component MEMS gravity sensor; the in-well three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument is composed of a three-axis in-well gravity sensor taking a gravity sensing chip based on a deep silicon etching technology, a high-precision capacitance displacement sensing technology and a weak signal detection technology as a core and a high-precision three-component fluxgate magnetic field sensor.
The performance of the three-component MEMS gravity sensor is mainly determined by core components, and the MEMS gravity sensing chip is based on a deep silicon etching technology, a high-precision capacitance displacement sensing technology and a weak signal detection technology. The gravity sensing unit of the micro-electro-mechanical gravity sensing chip is a silicon-based integrated spring-mass block system, and is formed by etching a silicon wafer through a micro-nano processing technology.
The three-component attitude sensor is arranged at a position close to the three-component MEMS gravity sensor and used for synchronously recording three-component attitude data of the well three-component gravity magnetic force composite instrument based on the damping metamaterial at a data acquisition position and carrying out rotation and projection processing on the recorded well three-component gravity magnetic force data.
A high-precision three-component fluxgate magnetic field sensor is arranged below the three-component attitude sensor and used for synchronously recording underground three-component magnetic field data. The three-component magnetic field sensor is a fluxgate high-precision high-temperature-resistant magnetic field sensor and consists of three independent high-precision high-temperature-resistant fluxgate magnetic field sensors, and the three fluxgate magnetic field sensors are arranged and fixed on a triaxial structure to jointly form a mutually orthogonal three-component magnetic field sensor unit.
Each three-component MEMS gravity sensor, the three-component attitude sensor next to the three-component MEMS gravity sensor, the three-component fluxgate magnetic field sensor below the three-component attitude sensor, and the auxiliary three-component gravity magnetic force data acquisition, storage and data remote transmission circuit can be assembled into a three-component well gravity magnetic force composite instrument. If a three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument in a well is used for measurement in a vertical well, not only can three-component gravity values of the position of each three-component MEMS gravity sensor in the well be obtained, but also three-component magnetic field values of the position of a three-component magnetic field sensor can be synchronously obtained, and three-component gravity between every two adjacent measuring points and a vertical gravity gradient value and a vertical magnetic field gradient value between the magnetic field sensors can be obtained through simple calculation. If a three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument in a well is used for measurement in a horizontal well, not only can the three-component gravity value of each three-component MEMS gravity sensor position in a horizontal well section be obtained, but also the three-component magnetic field value of the three-component magnetic field sensor position can be synchronously obtained, and the horizontal gravity gradient value and the horizontal magnetic field gradient value between the three-component MEMS gravity sensor and the magnetic field sensor between every two adjacent measuring points along the well track direction and the direction perpendicular to the well track direction can be obtained through rotation processing and simple calculation of two orthogonal horizontal gravity components and horizontal magnetic field components. In addition, mutual constraint inversion or combined inversion is carried out on the three-component gravity data and the three-component magnetic field data measured underground, more reliable distribution and change of fluid density in rocks or rock pores in a certain range around a well and magnetism of the rocks around the well can be obtained, and non-uniqueness of a single geophysical data processing interpretation result can be greatly reduced.
The utility model discloses a three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument system in well based on shock attenuation metamaterial can be at same place and time simultaneous measurement three-component gravity value and three-component magnetic force value, need not carry out twice measurement with independent gravity appearance in the well and magnetometer in the well in same measurement station position. Additionally because the utility model discloses because the shell of instrument is built to linear or nonlinear acoustics metamaterial based on have superstrong shock attenuation and shock insulation characteristic, make full use of linear or nonlinear acoustics metamaterial's ultralow frequency, the high-efficient vibrations suppression effect of ultra wide band, the well three-component gravity magnetic force composite measuring instrument that significantly reduces is because the instrument slow movement is to the influence to instrument stability such as the additional horizontal disturbance acceleration and the vertical disturbance acceleration of three-component MEMS gravity sensor and three-component magnetic field sensor and vibrations, also avoided logging cable and instrument in the pit to be adsorbed on the wall of a well and go and can't remove by mud in the pit when quiescent condition, really realize gathering well three-component gravity and three-component magnetic field data in moving.
The utility model discloses a three-component MEMS gravity sensor and three-component magnetic field sensor install on a triaxial gimbal, and the triaxial gimbal is fixed on the interior casing of the shock attenuation shell the inside of making with the shock attenuation metamaterial, when carrying out three-component gravity and three-component magnetic force measurement in the well, and triaxial gimbal can make three-component MEMS gravity sensor and three-component magnetic field sensor's vertical component remain perpendicularly upwards all the time. Use the utility model discloses an among-well three-component gravity magnetic force composite instrument based on shock attenuation metamaterial can be at three-component gravity and three-component magnetic force value in instrument slow movement in-process continuous measurement well, prevent in logging cable and the well that gravimeter is adsorbed by mud in the pit and can't remove on the wall of a well, perhaps by the wall of a well card that warp and collapse in the pit.
The utility model discloses the three-component well gravity magnetic force composite instrument based on shock attenuation metamaterial that the MEMS gravity sensing chip based on dark silicon sculpture technique, high accuracy electric capacity displacement sensing technique and weak signal detection technique is gravity sensor and high accuracy three-component flux gate-type magnetic field sensor in the triaxial well of core and makes up can overcome several kinds of defects of gravimeter and magnetometer in the well that is using in the world at present, for example can only be under static condition the vertical component of fixed point measurement well gravity, the sensor precision is low, can not be high temperature resistant, the well is inclined can not too big etc..
The utility model discloses a three-component gravity magnetic force combination instrument in well based on shock attenuation metamaterial can carry out three-component gravity and three-component magnetic field synchronous measurement in the pit perpendicularly in well drilling, shaft to and three-component gravity and three-component magnetic field measurement that level or go on perpendicularly in the different drifts in mining area. Three-component gravity measurements in wells and shafts study the vertical and horizontal components of gravity as a function of depth, which is caused by changes in the vertical and lateral position of subsurface density inhomogeneities (rocks or fluids in the rock pores). The borehole three-component magnetometer is a geological instrument used for measuring the depth change of three orthogonal vectors of a geomagnetic field along a borehole axis during borehole drilling in a borehole, is used for measuring the magnetic field when the magnetic field is deeply penetrated into the ground, can obtain information data which cannot be detected by the ground magnetic field, and can solve the more complicated deep geological problem. The change of the three-component gravity in the well along with the depth can be used for measuring the change of a three-component gravity field around the well, and the change of the fluid density in rocks or rock pores in a certain range around the well is calculated and deduced through the change of the three-component gravity field in the well, so that the method can be used for researching the geological structure of an area, exploring solid mineral products and oil and gas resources, and carrying out long-term dynamic monitoring on underground fluid in an oil and gas field entering a mining period. The magnetic measurement in the well is the extension of the ground magnetic measurement to the underground, the change of the three-component magnetic field along with the depth in the well can be used for measuring the magnetic change of the rock around the well, and the magnetic measurement in the well is mainly used for dividing magnetic rock stratums, searching blind mines and the like, and the data of the magnetic measurement in the well has the functions of verification and supplement on the ground magnetic measurement. The main tasks of magnetic exploration are: the geometric parameters (position, shape, size, shape) and magnetic parameters (magnetization intensity, direction) of the magnetic body causing the magnetic anomaly are determined and determined according to the measured magnetic anomaly. In addition, mutual constraint inversion or combined inversion is carried out on the three-component gravity data and the three-component magnetic field data measured underground, more reliable distribution and change of fluid density in rocks or rock pores in a certain range around a well and magnetism of the rocks around the well can be obtained, and non-uniqueness of a single geophysical data processing interpretation result is greatly reduced.
The utility model discloses the well three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument system based on shock attenuation metamaterial still that provides for the method of exploration data acquisition, including following step:
the underground three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument based on the shock absorption metamaterial is connected with a ground logging truck through an armored logging cable, and the ground logging truck and the armored logging cable control the depth position of the underground three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument based on the shock absorption metamaterial in the well;
output signals of the three-component MEMS gravity sensor, the three-component attitude sensor and the three-component magnetic field sensor are amplified through the nine-channel weak signal amplification module, then are converted into digital signals through the nine-channel analog-to-digital conversion module and are input into the data storage module for storage, and the data are uploaded into a control computer in the ground logging truck along the armored logging cable for subsequent processing.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
a. the three-component gravity magnetic force composite instrument in the well based on the damping metamaterial and composed of the three-component gravity sensor, the three-component magnetic field sensor and the three-component attitude sensor continuously acquires three-component gravity data, three-component magnetic field data and three-component attitude data at the same position in the process of slowly lifting from the bottom of the well to the top or slowly descending from the top of the well to the bottom;
b. b, the borehole three-component gravity and magnetic force composite data acquisition pup joint transmits the borehole three-component gravity data and the three-component magnetic field data acquired in the step a to a borehole gravity and magnetic force data recording computer of a ground logging truck in real time through an armored logging cable;
c. b, converting the data in the step b into underground three-component gravity data and three-component magnetic field data of corresponding depths through rotating projection according to instrument depth values recorded by the armored logging cable and three-component attitude data of each measuring point provided by a three-component attitude sensor, wherein two horizontal components of all measuring points in the data are rotated to two identical directions;
d. processing the three-component gravity data in the step c, and extracting rock or stratum density parameters related to the gravity property of the stratum;
e. processing the three-component magnetic field data in the step c, and extracting rock or stratum magnetic force parameters related to stratum magnetic properties;
f. converting the underground vertical component gravity data of the two adjacent measuring points converted into the corresponding depths in the step c into vertical gravity gradient values;
g. converting the underground vertical component magnetic field data of the two adjacent measuring points converted into the corresponding depth in the step b into a vertical magnetic field gradient value;
h. performing inversion imaging on the three-component gravity measurement values of the measurement points converted into corresponding depths in the step c and the vertical gravity gradient values of the measurement points in the step f to obtain a rock or stratum density value distribution rule within a certain distance range in the radial direction around the well;
i. performing inversion imaging on the three-component magnetic field measurement values of the measurement points converted into corresponding depths in the step c and the vertical magnetic field gradient values of the measurement points in the step g to obtain a rock or stratum magnetic distribution rule in a certain distance range in the radial direction of the well periphery;
in the steps h and i, according to the obtained rock or stratum density value and the magnetic distribution rule, the explanation and evaluation of the characteristics of the oil gas or high-density minerals or high-magnetic minerals in the rock or stratum in a certain range around the drilled well are realized.
The utility model discloses an in-well three-component gravity magnetic force composite instrument system based on shock attenuation metamaterial, can survey the stratum or stratum density and the magnetic distribution law of the more within range around the well section well that awaits measuring, can also improve the resolving power to the target geologic body, greatly reduce the interference of the various artificial noises in ground to three-component gravity magnetic force exploration data in the pit, improve the SNR of three-component gravity magnetic force exploration data in the pit, and can provide the information of the production form and the well skew of stratum, and realize comprehensive explanation and evaluation to reservoir or mineral parameter. Because the instrument shell based on the damping metamaterial, the high-temperature-resistant three-component MEMS gravity sensor, the magnetic field sensor and the attitude sensor are adopted underground, the underground three-component gravity and magnetic force composite data acquisition device can be used for continuously acquiring three-component gravity and magnetic field data in a well from a high-temperature high-pressure well in a slow moving process, and the difficulty that the underground gravity and magnetic force data acquisition instrument used in the world cannot operate in the high-temperature well and can acquire data only in a static and stable state is overcome at one stroke. In addition, mutual constraint inversion or combined inversion is carried out on three-component gravity data and vertical gravity gradient data and three-component magnetic field data and vertical magnetic field gradient data measured underground, more reliable distribution and change of fluid density in rocks or rock pores in a certain range around a well and magnetism of rocks around the well can be obtained, and non-uniqueness of a single geophysical data processing interpretation result is greatly reduced.
The utility model discloses a three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument system in well based on shock attenuation metamaterial can be at same place and time simultaneous measurement three-component gravity value and three-component magnetic force value, need not carry out twice measurement with independent gravity appearance in the well and magnetometer in the well in same measurement station position. Additionally because the utility model discloses because the shell of instrument is built to linear or nonlinear acoustics metamaterial based on have superstrong shock attenuation and shock insulation characteristic, make full use of linear or nonlinear acoustics metamaterial's ultralow frequency, the high-efficient vibrations suppression effect of ultra wide band, the well three-component gravity magnetic force composite measuring instrument that significantly reduces is because the instrument slow movement is to the influence to instrument stability such as the additional horizontal disturbance acceleration and the vertical disturbance acceleration of three-component MEMS gravity sensor and three-component magnetic field sensor and vibrations, also avoided logging cable and instrument in the pit to be adsorbed on the wall of a well and go and can't remove by mud in the pit when quiescent condition, really realize gathering well three-component gravity and three-component magnetic field data in moving.
The utility model discloses a three-component MEMS gravity sensor and three-component magnetic field sensor install on a triaxial gimbal, and the triaxial gimbal is fixed on the interior casing of the shock attenuation shell the inside of making with the shock attenuation metamaterial, when carrying out three-component gravity and three-component magnetic force measurement in the well, and triaxial gimbal can make three-component MEMS gravity sensor and three-component magnetic field sensor's vertical component remain perpendicularly upwards all the time. Use the utility model discloses an among-well three-component gravity magnetic force composite instrument based on shock attenuation metamaterial can be in instrument slow movement in-process continuous measurement well three-component gravity and three-component magnetic force value, prevent in logging cable and the well that gravimeter is adsorbed on the wall of a well by mud in the pit and go and can't remove, perhaps by the wall of a well card that warp and collapse in the pit.
The utility model discloses a MEMS gravity sensing chip based on dark silicon sculpture technique, high accuracy electric capacity displacement sensing technique and weak signal detection technique makes up into three-component gravity magnetic force composite instrument in pit based on shock attenuation metamaterial for the triaxial gravity sensor of core, high accuracy three-component fluxgate magnetic field sensor and the three-component attitude sensor who is close to. The combined underground three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument based on the damping metamaterial has the advantages that the three-component MEMS gravity sensor and the three-component fluxgate type magnetic field sensor are small in unit volume, high in sensitivity, high in precision, low in noise and good in stability, can overcome various defects of several types of underground gravimeters and underground magnetometers in the world at present, for example, the underground gravimeters and the underground magnetometers are independent underground gravity field and underground magnetic field measuring instruments, zero drift of springs of the gravimeters due to elastic fatigue can only be measured for vertical components of underground gravity fields, the sensor precision is low, the horizontal disturbance acceleration and the vertical disturbance acceleration resistance are poor, vibration and the like have great influence on the instrument.
The utility model discloses an in-well three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument based on shock attenuation metamaterial can carry out the three-component gravity and the magnetic force measurement of same degree of depth position simultaneously in step when slow moving in the well. Three-component gravity and magnetic measurements are made in the well to study the variation of the vertical and horizontal components of the subsurface gravity and magnetic forces along the direction of the borehole trajectory. In addition, mutual constraint inversion or combined inversion is carried out on the three-component gravity data and the three-component magnetic field data measured underground, more reliable distribution and change of fluid density in rocks or rock pores in a certain range around a well and magnetism of the rocks around the well can be obtained, and non-uniqueness of a single geophysical data processing interpretation result is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the damping metamaterial according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is an exploded view of the three-component MEMS gravity sensor of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-axis combination structure of the three-component MEMS gravity sensor chip of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but they are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and are presented by way of example only, and the advantages of the invention will become more apparent and can be easily understood by description.
As shown in fig. 1, the borehole three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument system based on the shock absorption metamaterial comprises a ground logging truck 13 and a borehole three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument 14, wherein the ground logging truck is located on the ground and used for instrument control and data acquisition; the borehole three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument 14 is connected with the ground logging truck 13 through an armored logging cable 15;
the underground three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument 14 comprises an outer shell, a sealed and vacuum sensor cabin 1, a three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2, a three-component attitude sensor 3, a three-component magnetic field sensor 4, a three-axis universal bracket 5, a nine-channel weak signal amplification module 6, a nine-channel analog-to-digital conversion module 7, a data storage module 8 and an instrument cabin sensor inner shell 9;
the three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2, the three-component attitude sensor 3 and the three-component magnetic field sensor 4 are all arranged in the sealed and vacuum sensor cabin 1; the sealed vacuum sensor cabin 1 is arranged on a three-axis universal bracket 5, and the three-axis universal bracket 5 ensures that the vertical components of the three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2 and the three-component magnetic field sensor 4 are always kept vertically upward when the three-axis universal bracket works; the triaxial gimbal 5 is fixed in an inner shell 9 of the instrument cabin sensor made of a damping metamaterial; a damping metamaterial is arranged outside the inner shell 9 of the instrument cabin sensor; the shock absorption metamaterial is externally provided with a shell of the sensor cabin 1 in vacuum sealing;
the housing is made of a high strength non-magnetic metal or non-metal composite material for protecting the sensors and accompanying electronics within the instrument housing from damage during transit and downhole operations. The capsule sensor inner shell 9 is also made of a high strength non-magnetic metal or non-metal composite material. The inner shell 9 of the instrument chamber sensor is wrapped by the shock absorption metamaterial which is attached to the outer surface of the inner shell, and the shock absorption metamaterial is wrapped by the outer shell which is attached to the outer surface of the inner shell.
As shown in fig. 2, the shock absorption metamaterial comprises an inner metamaterial shock absorption layer 10, an isolation layer 11 and an outer metamaterial shock absorption layer 12 from inside to outside in sequence.
The isolation layer 11 is a flexible material layer with an orthogonal grid structure on the surface. The orthogonal grid-shaped flexible material can further absorb vibration or bumping energy transmitted to the shell of the instrument in different directions through deformation, and the influence of the vibration or the bumping on the sensor of the instrument is greatly reduced or eliminated.
The three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2, the three-component attitude sensor 3 and the three-component magnetic field sensor 4 are uniformly and sequentially connected with a nine-channel weak signal amplification module 6, a nine-channel analog-to-digital conversion module 7 and a data storage module 8; the data storage module 8 is connected with an armored logging cable 15; output signals of the three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2, the three-component attitude sensor 3 and the three-component magnetic field sensor 4 are amplified through the nine-channel weak signal amplification module 6, then are converted into digital signals through the nine-channel analog-to-digital conversion module 7 and are input into the data storage module 8 for storage, and the data are uploaded into a control computer in the ground logging truck 13 along the armored logging cable 15 for subsequent processing.
The sensor cabin 1 with the sealed vacuum is arranged in the middle of a three-component gravity and magnetic composite instrument 14 in the well, and the nine-channel weak signal amplification module 6, the nine-channel analog-to-digital conversion module 7 and the data storage module 8 are arranged at the bottom of the three-component gravity and magnetic composite instrument 14 in the well; the three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2 is arranged at the upper part in the sealed vacuum sensor cabin 1, the three-component attitude sensor 3 is arranged at the middle part of the sealed vacuum sensor cabin 1, and the three-component magnetic field sensor 4 is arranged at the lower part of the sealed vacuum sensor cabin 1 or is positioned below the three-component attitude sensor 3.
The three-component magnetic field sensor 4 is a three-component fluxgate magnetic field sensor, or a three-component induction coil type magnetic field sensor, or a three-component superconducting magnetic field sensor.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2 includes a respective axis sensing module, a mounting body 35, and a housing 31; each axis sensing module comprises a Z axis MEMS gravity sensor 32, an X axis MEMS gravity sensor 33 and a Y axis MEMS gravity sensor 34;
each axis sensing module mainly comprises a micro-electromechanical gravity sensing chip 302 and a weak signal detection special integrated circuit 301 chip which are fixed on a PCB;
the mounting body 35 includes a rectangular parallelepiped structure and a cylindrical base; a plurality of threaded holes are distributed on the cuboid structure and used for mounting each shaft sensing module; the cylindrical base side threads are used for mounting the shell 31; four threaded holes are formed below the base and used for fixedly mounting the three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2; the inner side of the shell 31 is provided with a thread matched with the mounting body 35, and the top is provided with a through hole for inputting and outputting power and signals.
The three-component attitude sensor 3 next to the three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2 is used for synchronously recording three-component attitude data of the three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2 and the three-component magnetic field sensor 4 at the position of the three-component gravity magnetic composite instrument 14 in the well so as to rotate and project the three-component gravity and three-component magnetic field data recorded in the well.
The casing of the instrument of the embodiment utilizes linear or nonlinear acoustic metamaterials with damping characteristics to manufacture the casing of the instrument with the damping function so as to protect the three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2, the three-component attitude sensor 3, the three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and the matched components thereof which are installed in the casing. The shell with the shock absorption characteristic not only has excellent shock absorption and shock insulation performance in a wide frequency band range, but also has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, large damping and long service life. The additional horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration which are loaded on the three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2 and the three-component magnetic field sensor 4 due to the left-right swinging shaking and the vibration of the instrument caused by the interference of the operation environment can be eliminated efficiently and quickly in real time. A high-precision three-component magnetic field sensor 4 is arranged below the three-component attitude sensor 3 and used for synchronously recording three-component magnetic field data at the same position.
The three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2, the three-component attitude sensor 3 next to the three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2, the three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and the auxiliary nine-channel weak signal amplification module 6, the nine-channel analog-to-digital conversion module 7 and the data storage module 8 are assembled into a three-component gravity magnetic force composite instrument 14 in one well. If the three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument 14 in the well is used for measurement at different positions in the vertical well, not only can the three-component gravity value and the three-component magnetic field value of each three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2 and three-component attitude sensor 3 be obtained, but also the vertical gravity gradient value and the vertical magnetic field gradient value between the three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2 and the three-component magnetic field sensor 4 of each two adjacent measuring points can be obtained through simple calculation. If the three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument 14 in the well is used for measurement at different positions in the horizontal well, not only can the three-component gravity value and the three-component magnetic field value of each three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2 and the three-component magnetic field sensor 4 be obtained, but also the horizontal gravity gradient value and the horizontal magnetic field gradient value between the three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2 and the three-component magnetic field sensor 4, which are positioned at each two adjacent measuring points and are in the same horizontal plane along the well track direction and perpendicular to the well track direction, can be obtained through rotation processing and simple calculation of two orthogonal horizontal gravity components and horizontal magnetic field components.
When the gravity magnetic data in the three-component well is collected, the three-component gravity magnetic composite instrument 14 in the well is distributed to the bottom of the well through a winch on the ground logging truck 13 and an armored logging cable 15 connected with a downhole instrument on the winch, then the three-component gravity magnetic composite instrument 14 in the well is lifted upwards slowly, the three-component gravity magnetic composite instrument 14 in the well section where the three-component gravity magnetic composite instrument 14 in the well is located is collected continuously, the magnetic field data in the three-component well and the attitude data of the instrument sensor in the three-component well are collected simultaneously, and then the measured gravity data in the three-component well, the magnetic field data in the three-component well and the attitude data of the instrument sensor in the three-component well are transmitted to a computer on the ground logging truck 13 which is stopped near the well head through the armored logging cable 15 to be stored and processed. Or when the winch system on the ground logging truck 13 is started to slowly lower the three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument 14 in the well from the well head to the well bottom, continuously acquiring the three-component well gravity data, the three-component well magnetic field data and the three-component well instrument sensor attitude data of the well section where the three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument 14 in the well is located.
Additionally because the utility model discloses linear or nonlinear acoustics metamaterial based on have superstrong shock attenuation and shock insulation characteristic constructs the shell of instrument, make full use of linear or nonlinear acoustics metamaterial's ultralow frequency, the high-efficient vibrations suppression effect of ultra wide band, the influence to instrument stability such as three-component gravity magnetic force composite instrument 14 in the continuous migration measurement process because surrounding environment interference factor to three-component MEMS gravity sensor 2 and the additional horizontal disturbance acceleration of three-component magnetic field sensor 4 and vertical disturbance acceleration and vibrations has also been avoided logging cable and instrument in the pit to be adsorbed on the wall of a well and go and can't remove by mud in the pit when quiescent condition, really realize three-component gravity and three-component magnetic field data in the continuous collection well in moving. The borehole three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument 14 based on the damping metamaterial according to the embodiment can synchronously measure three-component gravity and three-component magnetic force along a borehole track in a slow moving process. Three-component gravity and three-component magnetic force measurements taken simultaneously along the well trajectory can be used to study the variation of the vertical and horizontal components of the three-component gravity and three-component magnetic force along the well trajectory. The variation is caused by variations in the subsurface density inhomogeneities (rock or fluid in the rock pore space) and the subsurface magnetic inhomogeneities along the well trajectory.
The change of the three-component gravity value along with the depth can be used for researching the change of a three-component gravity field around the measuring point, and the change of the three-component magnetic force along with the depth can be used for researching the change of a three-component magnetic field around the measuring point. The change of the fluid density in the rock or rock pore space in a certain range around the measuring point is deduced through the change calculation of the three-component gravity field, and the method can be used for researching the regional geological structure, exploring solid mineral products and oil gas resources and carrying out long-term dynamic monitoring on the underground fluid distribution change of the oil gas field entering the exploitation period.
The three-component magnetic measurement in the well is the change of three orthogonal vectors of the earth magnetic field along the depth of a well track, and is the magnetic field measurement which is carried out deep underground, so that information data which cannot be detected by the ground magnetic field can be obtained, and the more complex deep geological problem can be solved. The magnetic measurement in the well is the extension of the ground magnetic measurement to the underground, the change of the three-component magnetic field along with the depth in the well can be used for measuring the magnetic change of the rock around the well, and the magnetic measurement in the well is mainly used for dividing magnetic rock stratums, searching blind mines and the like, and the data of the magnetic measurement in the well has the functions of verification and supplement on the ground magnetic measurement. The main tasks of magnetic exploration are: the geometric parameters (position, shape, size, shape) and magnetic parameters (magnetization intensity, direction) of the magnetic body causing the magnetic anomaly are determined and determined according to the measured magnetic anomaly. According to the change of the three-component magnetic field around the measuring point, the characteristics of the magnetic abnormal field and the distribution rule thereof, the magnetic heterogeneity of the underground rock can be known, and further the structure and structure of the crust, the crust generation and evolution history can be deduced, and the underground mineral resource distribution can be surveyed. In addition, mutual constraint inversion or combined inversion is carried out on the three-component gravity data and the three-component magnetic field data at the same measured depth position, more reliable distribution and change rules of fluid density and rock magnetism in rocks or rock pores in a certain range around a measured point can be obtained, and non-uniqueness of a single geophysical data processing interpretation result is greatly reduced.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. The above embodiments are not limited to the protection scope of the present invention, and all modifications or changes based on the basic idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The borehole three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument system based on the shock absorption metamaterial is characterized by comprising a ground logging truck (13) and a borehole three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument (14), wherein the ground logging truck is located on the ground and used for instrument control and data acquisition; the borehole three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument (14) is connected with a ground logging truck (13) through an armored logging cable (15);
the in-well three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument (14) comprises an outer shell, a sealed and vacuum sensor cabin (1), a three-component MEMS gravity sensor (2), a three-component attitude sensor (3), a three-component magnetic field sensor (4), a three-axis universal bracket (5), a nine-channel weak signal amplification module (6), a nine-channel analog-to-digital conversion module (7), a data storage module (8) and an instrument cabin sensor inner shell (9);
the three-component MEMS gravity sensor (2), the three-component attitude sensor (3) and the three-component magnetic field sensor (4) are all arranged in the sealed vacuum sensor cabin (1); the sealed vacuum sensor cabin (1) is arranged on a three-axis universal support (5), and the three-axis universal support (5) ensures that the vertical components of the three-component MEMS gravity sensor (2) and the three-component magnetic field sensor (4) are always kept vertically upward when the three-axis universal support works; the triaxial gimbal (5) is fixed in an inner shell (9) of the instrument cabin sensor; a damping metamaterial is arranged outside the inner shell (9) of the instrument cabin sensor; the shock absorption metamaterial is externally provided with a shell of a vacuum sealed sensor cabin (1);
the three-component MEMS gravity sensor (2), the three-component attitude sensor (3) and the three-component magnetic field sensor (4) are uniformly and sequentially connected with a nine-channel weak signal amplification module (6), a nine-channel analog-to-digital conversion module (7) and a data storage module (8); the data storage module (8) is connected with an armored logging cable (15); output signals of the three-component MEMS gravity sensor (2), the three-component attitude sensor (3) and the three-component magnetic field sensor (4) are amplified through the nine-channel weak signal amplification module (6), then are converted into digital signals through the nine-channel analog-to-digital conversion module (7) and are input into the data storage module (8) for storage, and the data are uploaded into a control computer in the ground logging truck (13) along the armored logging cable (15) for subsequent processing.
2. The borehole three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument system based on the shock absorption metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the shock absorption metamaterial comprises an inner metamaterial shock absorption layer (10), an isolation layer (11) and an outer metamaterial shock absorption layer (12) from inside to outside in sequence.
3. The borehole three-component gravity-magnetic composite instrument system based on the shock-absorbing metamaterial according to claim 2, wherein the isolation layer (11) is a flexible material layer with an orthogonal grid structure on the surface.
4. The borehole three-component gravity-magnetic force composite instrument system based on the shock absorption metamaterial according to claim 2, wherein the shock absorption metamaterial is a linear or nonlinear acoustic metamaterial with super shock absorption and shock isolation characteristics.
5. The well three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument system based on the shock absorption metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the sealed vacuum sensor cabin (1) is arranged in the middle of a well three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument (14), and the nine-channel weak signal amplification module (6), the nine-channel analog-to-digital conversion module (7) and the data storage module (8) are arranged at the bottom of the well three-component gravity and magnetic force composite instrument (14); the three-component MEMS gravity sensor (2) is arranged at the upper part in the sealed vacuum sensor cabin (1), the three-component attitude sensor (3) is arranged at the middle part of the sealed vacuum sensor cabin (1), and the three-component magnetic field sensor (4) is arranged at the lower part of the sealed vacuum sensor cabin (1) or is positioned below the three-component attitude sensor (3).
6. The damping metamaterial-based borehole three-component gravity and magnetic composite instrument system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three-component MEMS gravity sensor (2) comprises a shaft sensing module, a mounting body (35) and a housing (31); each axis sensing module comprises a Z axis MEMS gravity sensor (32), an X axis MEMS gravity sensor (33) and a Y axis MEMS gravity sensor (34);
each axis sensing module mainly comprises a micro-electromechanical gravity sensing chip (302) fixed on a PCB (printed circuit board), and a weak signal detection special integrated circuit (301) chip;
the mounting body (35) comprises a cuboid structure and a cylindrical base; a plurality of threaded holes are distributed on the cuboid structure and used for mounting each shaft sensing module; the cylindrical base side surface thread is used for installing the shell (31); four threaded holes are formed below the base and used for fixedly mounting the three-component MEMS gravity sensor (2); the inner side of the shell (31) is provided with a thread matched with the mounting body (35), and the top of the shell is provided with a through hole for inputting and outputting power supply and signals.
7. The damping metamaterial-based borehole three-component gravity-magnetic composite instrument system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three-component magnetic field sensor (4) is a three-component fluxgate magnetic field sensor, or a three-component induction coil magnetic field sensor, or a three-component superconducting magnetic field sensor.
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| NL2030696A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-05-24 | Univ Chengdu Technology | Three-component borehole magnetometer based on high-temperature digital fluxgate |
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| NL2030696A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-05-24 | Univ Chengdu Technology | Three-component borehole magnetometer based on high-temperature digital fluxgate |
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