CN211740933U - Parallel spiral type telescopic time domain reflection probe - Google Patents
Parallel spiral type telescopic time domain reflection probe Download PDFInfo
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- CN211740933U CN211740933U CN201922461241.7U CN201922461241U CN211740933U CN 211740933 U CN211740933 U CN 211740933U CN 201922461241 U CN201922461241 U CN 201922461241U CN 211740933 U CN211740933 U CN 211740933U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a parallel spiral telescopic time domain reflection probe, time domain reflection probe includes an anodal probe and an at least negative pole probe, and anodal probe and the parallel spiral of negative pole probe are laid on flexible section of thick bamboo inside wall during the use, then are connected through coaxial cable and time domain reflection signal generator and carry out signal acquisition. The time domain reflection probe designed by the scheme can be used for nondestructively measuring the moisture content of samples such as frozen soil, soil containing natural gas hydrate, sandy soil, silt, clay, loess, special soil and rocks in a triaxial shear test in real time, so that the measurement effect of the moisture content of the samples is ensured, the influence on triaxial shear test data of the samples is avoided, and the time domain reflection probe has a wide application prospect in the aspects of unsaturated soil and soil sample containing natural gas hydrate in the triaxial shear test.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to geotechnical engineering trade, agricultural and unconventional oil gas trade ground sample moisture content test field, concretely relates to scalable time domain reflection probe of parallel spiral.
Background
The water content of the rock soil sample is a key parameter influencing the mechanical property and the seepage property of the rock soil sample, is also an important index for evaluating the water demand condition of soil plants, and has important significance for accurately and rapidly measuring the water demand condition of the soil plants. The time domain reflection technology is a method for measuring the internal water content of various soil bodies by using the propagation velocity difference of electromagnetic waves in different media, and has wide application in the geotechnical engineering industry, agriculture and unconventional oil and gas industry in the last four decades. At present, rigid time domain reflection probes such as parallel two-pin type probes, parallel three-pin type probes, parallel multi-pin type probes, parallel flat plate type probes and the like are common in the market, and the rigid time domain reflection probes have a good application effect when being applied to field soil body water content measurement.
The triaxial shear test is an effective means for determining the shear strength index of a sample in a laboratory, and is widely applied to the geotechnical engineering industry and the unconventional oil and gas industry. However, when triaxial shear tests are performed on unsaturated soil samples and soil samples containing natural gas hydrate, the water content of the samples is usually determined by a method of presetting before the test or retesting after the test, or the water content of the samples is determined according to displacement, so that the real-time performance is poor and nondestructive measurement is difficult. In recent years, the Canada university of Cargary applies a parallel rigid time domain reflection probe to the measurement of the water content of an unsaturated soil triaxial shear test sample, but the length of the probe is only about one third of the height of the sample, and although the water content of the sample can be measured in real time without damage, the water content in the remaining two thirds of the height range of the sample cannot be reflected.
In order to overcome the difficulties, the utility model patent with the publication number of CN 104215499B and the publication number of CN 103196490B provides a flexible probe design scheme, which adopts a flexible parallel two-needle time domain reflection probe to replace the traditional rigid time domain reflection probe, the length of the probe reaches more than 90% of the height of the sample, the water content of the sample can be better reflected by the measured water content, and the influence on the stress-strain curve of the triaxial shear test sample is avoided. However, the above-mentioned flexible parallel two-pin time domain reflectometer probe puts high demands on sample preparation, and it is necessary to ensure that the spatial distribution position of the probe used in the triaxial shear test is consistent with the spatial distribution position of the probe used in the dielectric constant-water content correlation empirical calibration test, for example, it is necessary to ensure that the two probes are vertically consistent and parallel and the two probes are located in the same plane, which is usually difficult to achieve in recent practical application processes. Because the flexible probes (soft copper wires) are vertically arranged inside the sample, the flexible probes are straightened while sand is filled, the fact that it is difficult to guarantee that the distances between the probes inside the flexible probes are equal after the sand is filled is caused, the effect on the time domain reflection method measurement effect is greatly influenced is caused because an empirical relation is required to be calibrated in advance when the time domain reflection probes are used for measurement, the empirical relation is related to the probes, if the space distribution of the probes used in the experiment is inconsistent with the calibration, the effect of the empirical relation is also greatly influenced, and further obvious uncertainty deviation exists in the moisture content measurement result. In addition, the flexible parallel two-needle time domain reflection probe can be continuously curled in the shearing process, and the measuring effect of the water content of the sample is also influenced.
In summary, the time domain reflection probe for measuring the moisture content applicable to the existing triaxial shear test has the following defects: (1) the rigid parallel short probe can not measure the integral water content of the sample; (2) the spatial distribution of the flexible parallel probes is difficult to accurately control during sample preparation; and because the flexible probe is in the sample, after the sample is compressed, the flexible probe can also be compressed, and the flexible parallel probe can be continuously curled due to the three-axis shearing. Due to the defects, the probe is difficult to be suitable for a triaxial shear test in advance due to the fact that the empirical relation is calibrated in advance, the water content of a sample is difficult to accurately measure in the shearing process, the water content measuring result is not representative, and the like, and the application effect of the time domain reflection technology in the triaxial shear test is seriously influenced.
Therefore, a set of time domain reflection probes capable of overcoming the defects are developed, the method has important significance for developing a real-time accurate measurement technology for the moisture content of unsaturated soil and soil triaxial shear test samples containing natural gas hydrates, and meanwhile, reliable moisture content change data can be provided for determination of the synthetic amount and the decomposition amount of the natural gas hydrates in the samples.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses to the above-mentioned defect that exists among the prior art, provide a parallel spiral scalable time domain reflection probe, combine the special design of parallel spiral scalable time domain reflection probe, realize unsaturated soil and contain the real-time nondestructive measurement of sample moisture content among the natural gas hydrate soil triaxial shear test.
The utility model discloses an adopt following technical scheme to realize: the utility model provides a parallel spiral scalable time domain reflection probe, the time domain reflection probe includes an anodal probe and an at least negative pole probe, anodal probe and negative pole probe adopt electrically conductive and soft metal, lay on the flexible section of thick bamboo inside wall that holds the sample with equidistant parallel spiral between anodal probe and the negative pole probe, and the spiral number of turns of time domain reflection probe on flexible section of thick bamboo inside wall is greater than 0 circle.
Further, the time domain reflection probe comprises a positive probe and a negative probe, a central angle formed by the positive probe and the negative probe on the circumference is not more than 20 times of the ratio of the probe diameter to the sample diameter, and the probe diameter refers to the diameter of a single probe in the time domain reflection probe.
Furthermore, the time domain reflection probe comprises a positive probe and two negative probes, the three probes are spirally arranged on the inner wall of the flexible cylinder in parallel, the probe positioned in the middle is marked as a central probe, and the probes positioned on two sides of the central probe are marked as side probes.
Furthermore, the central angles of the side probe and the central probe on the circumference are equal, and the central angle is not more than 20 times of the ratio of the probe diameter to the sample diameter, wherein the probe diameter refers to the diameter of a single probe in the time domain reflection probe.
Furthermore, one end of the time domain reflection probe is connected with a time domain reflection signal acquisition generator through a coaxial cable, the positive electrode probe is connected with a copper core conductor of the coaxial cable, and the negative electrode probe is connected with a copper wire of the coaxial cable in a weaving mode.
Furthermore, the section bar adopted by the time domain reflection probe adopts copper or aluminum or derivative alloy thereof.
Furthermore, the time domain reflection probe is directly adhered and fixed on the inner side wall of the flexible cylinder.
Furthermore, a spiral groove is formed in the inner side wall of the flexible cylinder, and the time domain reflection probe is fixed in the groove.
Further, the distributed time domain reflection probes at least account for 90% of the height of the flexible cylinder.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses an advantage lies in with positive effect:
1. the time domain reflection probe provided by the scheme is fixed on the inner wall of the flexible cylinder, so that the difficult problem of probe space distribution control during sample preparation is effectively avoided, the probe space distribution used in a pre-calibration test and a triaxial shear test has good consistency, and the use effect of a dielectric constant and water content calibration relational expression is ensured;
2. the time domain reflection probe adopts a spiral parallel structure, is similar to a spring to compress and deform under the influence of triaxial shearing during test, is not curled as a whole, only has the height reduced, and has the influence on time domain reflection measurement obviously reduced, thereby effectively avoiding continuous curling of the probe caused by triaxial shearing sample compression, ensuring that more than half of the side surface of the probe is contacted with the sample, and ensuring the sensitivity of water content measurement;
3. the height of the spiral probe can reach more than 90% of the height of the sample, the water content measurement range has good representativeness, the spiral probe is easy to axially compress, and the influence of the traditional rigid probe on a triaxial shear stress-strain curve of the sample is effectively avoided.
By carrying out targeted design aiming at the defects of the common time domain reflection probe, the time domain reflection probe is easy to calibrate and has small influence on the stress-strain result of the triaxial shear test, thereby ensuring the measurement effect of the water content of the sample, avoiding the influence on the triaxial shear test data of the sample, and having wide application prospect in the aspect of the triaxial shear test of unsaturated soil and soil samples containing natural gas hydrate; the method can be used for nondestructively measuring the water content of samples such as frozen soil, natural gas hydrate-containing soil, sandy soil, silt soil, clay, loess, special soil, rock and the like in a triaxial shear test in real time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a parallel spiral type telescopic time domain reflection probe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the points of the cross-section of FIG. 1 at different heights to illustrate the spatial helix structure;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a parallel spiral type telescopic time domain reflection probe according to an embodiment of the present invention applied to a triaxial shear test;
wherein, a negative electrode probe; b. a positive electrode probe; c. a negative probe; d. a rubber flexible tube; e. a coaxial cable; f. an insulating adapter; g. a sample; h. a time domain reflection signal generation collector; i. an inner cavity of the reaction kettle for the triaxial shear test; k. sample cap and shear piston.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly understand the above objects and advantages of the present invention, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the embodiment provides a parallel spiral type telescopic time domain reflection probe, so that the real-time nondestructive measurement of the water content of a sample in a triaxial shear test of unsaturated soil and soil containing a natural gas hydrate is realized, and the water content measurement data can be further used for determining the hydrate saturation of the soil sample containing the natural gas hydrate.
Specifically, the parallel spiral type telescopic time domain reflection probe comprises an anode probe and at least one cathode probe, and is matched with an insulation converter, a flexible cylinder and a time domain reflection signal generation collector for use in specific use, the insulation converter is hermetically connected with the flexible cylinder, the flexible cylinder is used for coating a sample to be detected (namely, an unsaturated soil or soil sample containing natural gas hydrate is arranged in the flexible cylinder), the flexible cylinder is made of materials such as a rubber film or a heat shrinkage tube, the anode probe and the cathode probe are spirally arranged on the inner side wall of the flexible cylinder in parallel (namely, the time domain reflection probe is positioned on an interface between the sample and the flexible cylinder), and the arranged time domain reflection probe at least occupies 90% of the height of the flexible cylinder; the positive probe and the negative probe penetrate through the insulation converter, are connected with the time domain reflection signal generator through the coaxial cable, and are matched with the flexible cylinder and the time domain reflection signal generation collector to complete the water content measurement.
In this embodiment, a three-pin spiral probe is taken as an example for description, a rubber film is preferred as the flexible cylinder, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the three-pin spiral probe includes a positive probe b and two negative probes a and c fixed on the inner wall of the flexible rubber film, the probes a, b and c are directly adhered and fixed on the inner wall of the rubber film d, or a spiral groove is formed on the inner side wall of the rubber film to fix the probes in the groove, the center probe and the side probe (the center and the side are only relative to the positions of the three probes, which is not specifically limited, for example, in this embodiment, the center probe is b, the side probe is a, and the side probe is c) are respectively and correspondingly woven and welded with a copper core conductor and a copper wire of a coaxial cable e through an insulation converter f to ensure good insulation between the two probes, the other end of the coaxial cable e is connected with a, during the concrete test, flexible section of thick bamboo and insulating converter all set up in triaxial shear test reation kettle inner chamber i, and the top of flexible section of thick bamboo is provided with sample top cap and shearing piston k.
The design form of the probe effectively avoids the difficult problem of controlling the spatial distribution of the probes a, b and c during sample g preparation, so that the spatial distribution of the probes a, b and c used in the pre-calibration test and the triaxial shear test has good consistency, and the use effect of the dielectric constant and moisture content calibration relational expression is ensured. And the probes a, b and c adopt a spiral parallel structure, so that the continuous curling of the probes a, b and c caused by the compression of a triaxial shearing sample g is effectively avoided, the probes are positioned in the grooves on the interface of the sample g and the rubber film d, at least more than half of the side surfaces of the probes are contacted with the sample, and the representativeness of the water content measurement result is ensured. The height of the spiral probe reaches more than 90% of the height of the sample g, the water content measurement range has good representativeness, and the spiral probe is easy to compress, so that the influence of the spiral probe on a triaxial shear stress strain curve of the sample g is effectively avoided.
The material of the time domain reflection probe is a metal with good conductivity and soft texture, such as copper, aluminum and their derivative alloys, but not limited thereto; in order to ensure the measuring effect of the water content of the sample, the corresponding central angles of the two side probes and the central probe on the circumference are equal. As shown in FIG. 1, the central angles ≤ aOb and ≤ bOc at which the two side probes a and c and the central probe b circumferentially correspond are kept the same (hereinafter, the central angle is denoted as θ), and the central angle θ is not greater than 20 times the ratio of the diameter of the probe (here, a single probe) to the diameter of the sample.
The central angle θ is determined by:
wherein D is0And H0Respectively the diameter and height of the sample, NcThe effective spiral turns of the spiral time domain reflection probe, and G is the rigidity modulus of the probe wire; therefore, after the probe wire and the effective number of turns are determined, the size of the central angle theta of the probe in the middle of the spiral probe can be determined according to the size, and the diameter of the probe can be determined according to the following formula:
therefore, the diameter of the probe can be determined according to the factors such as the rigidity, the thread pitch and the effective turn number of the wire rod, the stiffness coefficient of the spiral probe is ensured to be small enough, namely the axial supporting force of the spiral probe is less than 0.01kPa when the sample is compressed by 15% strain, because the shearing strength of the unsaturated soil sample is usually in the magnitude of dozens and hundreds of kPa, the shearing strength of the soil sample containing hydrate can reach several MPa magnitudes, and the shearing strength error caused by the spiral probe is within 0.1% and can be ignored; the probe height is determined from the sample height, at least over 90% of the sample height.
The insulating converter f is made of high-strength materials with good insulating property, and can be made of metal or nonmetal, can bear the high voltage of 20MPa while ensuring the insulating property between probes, and has good working performance under the condition of low temperature close to zero. In addition, the connection part of the insulating converter and the flexible rubber film is hermetically connected through a high-pressure sealing structure, the diameter of the insulating converter is determined by the diameter of the sample, the diameter of the insulating converter is larger than the diameter of the sample and the overall size of the high-pressure sealing structure, and the thickness of the insulating converter is determined according to the material withstand voltage parameter and the withstand voltage upper limit.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the coaxial cable is a common cable in the market, and has a copper core conductor and a copper braided structure, the copper core conductor is located at the center of the cable, and the copper braided structure is surrounded by the copper conductor, so that good insulation and shielding effects are provided between the copper core conductor and the copper braided structure, the whole is wrapped by an insulating sheath, and the length of the insulating sheath is determined according to actual test requirements. The flexible rubber film and the time domain reflection signal generation collector are matched with the parallel spiral compressible time domain reflection probe for use, and are market conventional instruments and accessories.
The structure and the material of the probe in the scheme comprehensively consider the requirements of low-temperature and high-pressure test conditions, and the probe can be used for not only a triaxial shear test of an unsaturated soil sample, but also a triaxial shear test of soil containing natural gas hydrate and a frozen soil sample; the spiral structure probe is arranged around the sample, and the height of the spiral structure probe reaches more than 90% of the height of the sample, so that the overall optimization of the moisture content measurement of the sample and the acquisition of stress-strain data of a triaxial shear test is realized; the probe has the advantages of ingenious structural design, low production cost and easy practical application and popularization of engineering.
In addition, it should be noted that the time domain reflection probe may adopt a two-pin time domain reflection probe besides a three-pin time domain reflection probe, that is, one positive probe is connected to a copper core conductor of a coaxial cable, and the other negative probe is connected to a copper woven structure of the coaxial cable, and the requirements of the type of the probe wire, the spiral pitch, the diameter of the probe and the height are the same as those of the three-pin time domain reflection probe. In addition, the total number of turns of the three-pin and two-pin spiral probes is not limited to 1 turn in fig. 1, and any spiral probe having a number of turns or a total number of turns greater than 1 belongs to a variant form of the probe.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may use the above-mentioned technical contents to change or modify the equivalent embodiment into equivalent changes and apply to other fields, but any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical matters of the present invention will still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a parallel spiral scalable time domain reflection probe, its characterized in that, the time domain reflection probe includes an anodal probe and an at least negative pole probe, anodal probe and negative pole probe adopt electrically conductive and soft metal, lay on the flexible section of thick bamboo inside wall that holds the sample with equidistant parallel spiral between anodal probe and the negative pole probe, and the spiral number of turns of time domain reflection probe on flexible section of thick bamboo inside wall is greater than 0 circle.
2. The parallel-spiral, scalable time domain reflectometry probe of claim 1, wherein: the time domain reflection probe comprises a positive probe and a negative probe, a central angle formed by the positive probe and the negative probe on the circumference is not more than 20 times of the ratio of the probe diameter to the sample diameter, and the probe diameter refers to the diameter of a single probe in the time domain reflection probe.
3. The parallel-spiral, scalable time domain reflectometry probe of claim 1, wherein: the time domain reflection probe comprises an anode probe and two cathode probes, the three probes are spirally arranged on the inner wall of the flexible cylinder in parallel, the probe positioned in the middle is marked as a central probe, and the probes positioned on two sides of the central probe are marked as side probes.
4. The parallel-spiral, scalable time domain reflectometry probe of claim 3, wherein: the corresponding central angles of the side probe and the central probe on the circumference are equal, the central angle is not more than 20 times of the ratio of the probe diameter to the sample diameter, and the probe diameter refers to the diameter of a single probe in the time domain reflection probe.
5. The parallel-spiral, scalable time domain reflectometry probe of claim 1, wherein: one end of the time domain reflection probe is connected with a time domain reflection signal acquisition generator through a coaxial cable, the positive electrode probe is connected with a copper core conductor of the coaxial cable, and the negative electrode probe is connected with a copper wire of the coaxial cable in a weaving mode.
6. The parallel-spiral, scalable time domain reflectometry probe of claim 1, wherein: the time domain reflection probe is directly adhered and fixed on the inner side wall of the flexible cylinder.
7. The parallel-spiral, scalable time domain reflectometry probe of claim 1, wherein: a spiral groove is formed in the inner side wall of the flexible cylinder, and the time domain reflection probe is fixed in the groove.
8. The parallel-spiral, scalable time domain reflectometry probe of claim 1, wherein: the distributed time domain reflection probes at least account for 90% of the height of the flexible cylinder.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201922461241.7U CN211740933U (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Parallel spiral type telescopic time domain reflection probe |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201922461241.7U CN211740933U (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Parallel spiral type telescopic time domain reflection probe |
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| CN201922461241.7U Expired - Fee Related CN211740933U (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Parallel spiral type telescopic time domain reflection probe |
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