CN211740894U - Two-dimensional extrusion stretching device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a two-dimensional extrusion stretching device belongs to geological environment's simulation experiment equipment field, including upper end open-ended sand box, be used for placing the material that receives the extrusion of experiment usefulness, the sand box includes the push pedal that sets up at the both ends symmetry of X axle direction, the push pedal removes at X axle direction, extrudees the object in the sand box, at least one side of sand box Y axle direction is equipped with the observation window, is used for observing the state that receives of object in the sand box. The utility model discloses simulation sand only receives the extrusion/tensile force's of horizontal X direction state, and the simulation result is more accurate, guarantees the accuracy and the validity of experiment.

Description

Two-dimensional extrusion stretching device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to geological environment's simulation experiment equipment field relates to a two dimension extrusion stretching device.

Background

The research in the field influences various aspects related to the information of people's working life, such as mineral exploration, earthquake prediction, engineering construction, etc., to a great extent, the scientific research has been carried out on the geological structure manually for research and theoretical research, the research result needs experimental verification, and the change of the geological structure is a very slow process. Therefore, the modeling of the deformation process of the structure with large space-time scale needs to be carried out by experimental instruments. Due to the large space-time span of the deformation of the geological structure, the corresponding simulation time is very long. The centrifugal machine has the function of space-time compression, can shorten the physical simulation time of geological structure deformation through a super gravity field generated by high-speed rotation, and has an irreplaceable function on solving the problems of large space-time scale geological structure deformation and the like. On the other hand, however, the elements used for the experiment on the centrifuge are all under the action of the high gravity field (up to 300g), and the shape of the elements and the performance of the elements are changed greatly, so that special elements which can adapt to the high gravity field and ensure the working performance are needed for the experiment on the centrifuge.

The two-dimensional extrusion and stretching experiment is a very complicated geological environment simulation experiment. The sand and soil in the sand box are not only under the action of a high gravity field, but also under the extrusion and stretching action in two directions on the same horizontal straight line, and meanwhile, substances such as water, oil and the like are injected into the bottom of the sand box.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved problem of the utility model is to provide a two-dimentional extrusion stretching device, simulation sand only receives the extrusion/tensile force's of horizontal X direction state, and the simulation result is more accurate, guarantees the accuracy and the validity of experiment.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is: the two-dimensional extrusion stretching device comprises a sand box with an opening at the upper end and is used for placing extruded substances for experiments;

the sand box comprises push plates symmetrically arranged at two ends in the X-axis direction, and the push plates move in the X-axis direction to extrude the objects in the sand box;

and at least one side of the sand box in the Y-axis direction is provided with an observation window for observing the squeezed state of the object in the sand box.

Furthermore, a sealing strip for ensuring the sealing of the push plate and the sand box is arranged between the push plate and the sand box.

Furthermore, the push plate is driven by a hydraulic cylinder, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the center of the push plate, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is parallel to the X axis, and one push plate is matched with and provided with one hydraulic cylinder.

Furthermore, sand box and pneumatic cylinder all set firmly on the base, be equipped with the oil duct on the base, it is right the pneumatic cylinder fuel feeding, the lower terminal surface of base is equipped with back hydro-cylinder and oil storage chamber, the oil that the pneumatic cylinder was discharged enters into through the oil duct oil storage chamber, back the hydro-cylinder and send the hydraulic oil pump in the oil storage chamber back to the central hydraulic pressure station on the centrifuge hanging flower basket through the pressurization.

Further, an oil inlet of the oil duct is communicated with an oil conveying pipe on the centrifuge basket, an oil outlet of the oil duct is communicated with an oil inlet of the hydraulic cylinder, and the diameter of the oil duct is 6-12 mm.

Furthermore, the hydraulic cylinder adopts a hydrostatic bearing as a guide support of the piston rod, and adopts a grating ruler as a displacement sensor.

Furthermore, the sand box further comprises a bottom plate and a vertical wall, the vertical wall is vertically arranged at two ends of the upper end of the bottom plate in the Y-axis direction, the push plate is vertically arranged at two ends of the upper end of the bottom plate in the X-axis direction, the lower end of the push plate is arranged in a sliding mode with the bottom plate, and two sides of the push plate are arranged in a sliding mode with the vertical wall.

Furthermore, the upper end of the vertical wall is provided with a guide rail, the upper end of the guide rail is provided with a cross beam which is connected with the guide rail in a sliding manner, the cross beam slides along the X-axis direction, the lower end of the cross beam is fixedly connected with the push plates, and one of the push plates is matched with one of the cross beams.

Furthermore, the observation window is embedded in the vertical wall, the lower surface of the observation window is flush with the lower surface of the vertical wall, the observation window is in the same shape as the vertical wall and is arranged in the middle of the vertical wall, and the area of the observation window accounts for more than 4/5 of the area of the vertical wall.

Further, the viewing window includes, but is not limited to, acryl, tempered glass, paml sheet, or translucent resin.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages and positive effect as follows.

1. The utility model is suitable for an experimental test under weightless state, set up on centrifuge's hanging flower basket, utilize the sand box to realize the placement of sand, utilize the relative sand box inner wall of push pedal to move at the X axle, simulate the state that a sand only receives the extrusion/tensile force of horizontal X direction, the structure of sand box has both restricted the motion of sand in this direction simultaneously, also guaranteed that sand can not receive outside push-and-pull effort in this direction, and the observation window that sets up can conveniently observe the change situation of the sand in the case at any time in the test process, whole simple structure, convenient preparation and equipment, and reduced the fault rate and the emergence of assembly problem, the structure is more reliable and more stable;

2. the cross beam matched with the push plate is arranged, so that the friction force generated by the push plate in a high gravity field is reduced, the push plate is hung on the cross beam, and the cross beam is fixed on the guide rails at the top ends of the vertical walls at two sides, so that the pressure of the push plate on the bottom plate of the sand box can be reduced as much as possible, and the moving friction coefficient of the guide rail sliding block is far smaller than the sliding friction coefficient, so that the friction force of the push plate during moving can be reduced to the greatest extent, the thrust of a hydraulic cylinder acts on experimental sand as much as possible, and the abrasion of the push plate is also greatly reduced;

3. the hydraulic cylinder adopts a hydrostatic bearing as a guide support of the piston rod, so that the friction force of the piston rod in the motion process is reduced, and the hydraulic cylinder adopts a grating ruler as a displacement sensor, so that the measurement error caused by the deformation of a measurement element in a high gravity field is avoided to the greatest extent;

4. the oil passage and the water passage are arranged on the bottom plate, so that leakage of the pipe fitting possibly caused by deformation under a supergravity field is avoided, the reliability of the oil passage and the water passage is guaranteed, the weight of the bottom plate is reduced, and the experimental performance of the centrifuge is guaranteed.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without undue limitation. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the two-dimensional extrusion drawing device of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom direction of the two-dimensional extrusion stretching device of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1. a hydraulic cylinder; 2. a base; 21. lightening holes; 3. a base plate; 4. an observation window; 5. a guide rail; 6. a cross beam; 7. pushing the plate; 8. erecting a wall; 9. returning the oil cylinder; 10. an oil storage chamber.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

In the present application, a cartesian coordinate system is used to define the directions of the X axis and the Y axis, which can be referred to in the attached drawings.

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the utility model relates to a two-dimensional extrusion and stretching device, which comprises a sand box with an opening at the upper end for placing the extruded material for experiment;

the sand box comprises push plates 7 symmetrically arranged at two ends in the X-axis direction, and the push plates 7 move in the X-axis direction to extrude objects in the sand box;

at least one side of the sand box in the Y-axis direction is provided with an observation window 4 for observing the squeezed state of the object in the sand box.

Preferably, a sealing strip for ensuring the sealing of the push plate 7 and the sand box is arranged between the push plate 7 and the sand box, the sealing strip has no special requirement, the sealing strip which is commonly used in the market and used for sealing can be realized, the sealing strip is embedded in the push plate 7 and protrudes out of the push plate 7, and the sealing effect is realized by the contact prepressing of the sealing strip and the inside of the sand box.

Preferably, the push plate 7 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 1, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is fixedly connected with the center of the push plate 7, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is parallel to the X-axis, and one push plate 7 is matched with and arranged with one hydraulic cylinder 1 to form an integral symmetrical structure, so that the structure is in a centrifugal force state, the stress is more balanced and stable, and the gravity center is easy to control.

Preferably, the sand box and the hydraulic cylinder 1 are fixedly arranged on the base 2, the base 2 is provided with an oil duct for supplying oil to the hydraulic cylinder 1, the lower end surface of the base 2 is provided with an oil return cylinder 9 and an oil storage cavity 10, oil discharged by the hydraulic cylinder 1 enters the oil storage cavity 10 through the oil duct, the oil return cylinder 9 pumps hydraulic oil in the oil storage cavity 10 back to a central hydraulic station on a basket of the centrifuge through pressurization, besides the oil duct, a water channel can be arranged, leakage of a pipe fitting possibly caused by deformation under a hypergravity field is avoided, the reliability of the oil duct and the water path is ensured, the weight of the bottom plate 3 is reduced, the experimental performance of the centrifuge is ensured, furthermore, in order to reduce the weight of the bottom plate 3, the bottom plate 3 is also provided with a plurality of lightening holes 21 which are dispersedly arranged, the strength is ensured, and the weight is reduced at the same time, in the structure, the oil return cylinder 9 adopts a hydraulic control pressurization cylinder for pressurizing, to the specification and the principle of hydraulically controlled increase jar, this application has applied relevant patent, and the information is as follows: "CN 201410313765.0 double-rod oil-water pressure cylinder"; furthermore, the water channel and the oil channel are arranged in a simple cross structure, penetrate through the bottom plate 3, and are provided with a plurality of oil inlets and oil outlets, each oil inlet and each oil outlet are provided with a sealed plug head, and the closest oil inlet or oil outlet is selected for use according to the actual installation and debugging requirements; furthermore, the capacity of the oil storage chamber 10 is not limited by the volume, and only has the effect of buffering the oil quantity, and the oil is pumped back to the hydraulic station through the oil return cylinder 9.

Preferably, an oil inlet of the oil duct is communicated with an oil delivery pipe on the centrifuge basket, an oil outlet of the oil duct is communicated with an oil inlet of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the diameter of the oil duct is 6-12 mm, the oil duct is preferably 8mm, certain requirements are met on flow, and the flow can be controlled at any time through the pump.

Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder 1 adopts a hydrostatic bearing as a guide support of the piston rod, so that the friction force of the piston rod in the motion process is reduced, the hydraulic cylinder 1 adopts a grating ruler as a displacement sensor, the measurement error caused by the deformation of a measurement element in a supergravity field is avoided to the greatest extent, the structure is favorable for the precision and the stability of the test under the action of centrifugal force, and the service life of parts can be prolonged.

Preferably, the sand box further comprises a bottom plate 3 and a vertical wall 8, wherein the vertical wall 8 is vertically arranged at two ends of the upper end of the bottom plate 3 in the Y-axis direction, the push plate 7 is vertically arranged at two ends of the upper end of the bottom plate 3 in the X-axis direction, the lower end of the push plate 7 is arranged in a sliding mode with the bottom plate 3, and two sides of the push plate 7 are arranged in a sliding mode with the vertical wall 8.

Preferably, the guide rail 5 is arranged at the upper end of the vertical wall 8, the cross beam 6 which is connected with the guide rail 5 in a sliding manner is arranged at the upper end of the guide rail 5, the cross beam slides along the X-axis direction, the lower end of the cross beam 6 is fixedly connected with the push plate 7, one push plate 7 is matched with one cross beam 6, the friction force generated by the push plate 7 in a high-gravity field is reduced, the push plate 7 is hung on the cross beam 6, and the cross beam 6 is fixed on the guide rail 5 at the top end of the vertical walls 8 at two sides, so that the pressure of the push plate 7 on the sand box bottom plate 3 is reduced as much as possible, the friction coefficient of the sliding block of the guide rail 5 is far smaller than the sliding friction coefficient, the friction force of the push plate 7 during moving can be reduced to the greatest extent, the thrust of the hydraulic cylinder 1.

Preferably, observation window 4 inlays and establishes on founding wall 8, and observation window 4 lower surface sets up with the lower surface parallel and level of founding wall 8, and the shape of observation window 4 is the same with the shape of founding wall 8 and set up on founding wall 8 between two parties, and the area of observation window 4 accounts for more than 4/5 of founding wall 8 area, makes things convenient for the experimenter to be the manual extrusion of observation sand or tensile state anytime and anywhere, promotes the convenience of equipment operation.

Preferably, the observation window 4 includes, but is not limited to, acrylic, tempered glass, paml plate or translucent resin, which ensures the extrusion strength endured during the extrusion process, and at the same time ensures transparency, satisfying the effect of real-time observation.

In the actual use process, when the structure is arranged on a basket of a centrifuge, and the centrifuge starts a high-speed rotation experiment, a hydraulic station arranged at a rotation center conveys a trace amount of hydraulic oil to a hydraulic cylinder 1 of the structure on the basket according to the experiment requirement, the hydraulic oil is conveyed to an oil inlet on a bottom plate 3 along an oil pipe arranged on a spiral arm, the oil inlet is an oil inlet of an oil passage on the bottom plate 3, the hydraulic oil is respectively conveyed to inner cavities of two hydraulic cylinders 1 through the oil passage in the bottom plate 3, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 1 extends out to push a push plate 7 to squeeze sand in a sand box, or retracts to pull back the push plate 7 to release space of the sand box, the hydraulic oil discharged from the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is collected in an oil storage cavity 10 along the oil passage in the bottom plate 3, and the hydraulic oil in the oil storage cavity 10 can generate back pressure due, therefore, the oil return cylinder 9 needs to be driven to pressurize the hydraulic oil, and the pressurized hydraulic oil can smoothly return to the central hydraulic station.

The control center injects oil and water according to the experiment requirement while the sand box is pushed by the hydraulic cylinder 1, the viscosity of the oil and the water is small, the oil and the water can be directly transmitted to the structure on the hanging basket from the rotation center, because of the gravity difference between the rotation center and the hanging basket, the oil and the water can be transmitted to the hanging basket under the unpowered drive and can be injected into the sandy soil after entering the holes of the bottom plate 3 through the water channel and the oil channel in the bottom plate 3, the structure ensures that the sandy soil can not be acted by external push-pull force in the Y direction, in addition, the observation window 4 arranged on one vertical wall 8 can conveniently observe the change condition of the sandy soil in the sand box at any time in the test process, in the X direction, the movement of the push plate 7 is realized by controlling the hydraulic cylinder 1 in the test process, thereby applying extrusion or stretching acting force to the sandy soil, realizing the extrusion in the X direction of the sandy soil, and finishing, if the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 1 retracts, the stretching can be realized, the structure simulates the state that sand is only extruded/stretched in the horizontal X direction under the weightless state, the simulation result is more accurate, and the accuracy and the effectiveness of the experiment are ensured.

While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. All the equivalent changes and improvements made according to the application scope of the present invention should still fall within the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Two-dimensional extrusion stretching device, its characterized in that: comprises a sand box with an opening at the upper end, and is used for placing substances to be squeezed for experiments;

the sand box comprises push plates symmetrically arranged at two ends in the X-axis direction, and the push plates move in the X-axis direction to extrude the objects in the sand box;

and at least one side of the sand box in the Y-axis direction is provided with an observation window for observing the squeezed state of the object in the sand box.

2. The two-dimensional extrusion stretching apparatus of claim 1, wherein: and a sealing strip for ensuring the sealing of the push plate and the sand box is arranged between the push plate and the sand box.

3. The two-dimensional extrusion stretching apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the push plate is driven by a hydraulic cylinder, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the center of the push plate, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is parallel to the X axis, and one push plate is matched with one hydraulic cylinder.

4. The two-dimensional extrusion stretching apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the sand box and the hydraulic cylinder are fixedly arranged on the base, an oil duct is arranged on the base, oil is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder, a return oil cylinder and an oil storage cavity are arranged on the lower end face of the base, oil discharged by the hydraulic cylinder enters the oil storage cavity through the oil duct, and the return oil cylinder returns a hydraulic oil pump in the oil storage cavity to a central hydraulic station on the centrifuge basket through pressurization.

5. The two-dimensional extrusion stretching apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the oil inlet of the oil duct is communicated with an oil conveying pipe on the centrifuge basket, the oil outlet of the oil duct is communicated with the oil inlet of the hydraulic cylinder, and the diameter of the oil duct is 6-12 mm.

6. The two-dimensional extrusion stretching apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the hydraulic cylinder adopts a hydrostatic bearing as a guide support of the piston rod, and adopts a grating ruler as a displacement sensor.

7. The two-dimensional extrusion stretching apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the sand box further comprises a bottom plate and a vertical wall, the vertical wall is vertically arranged at two ends of the upper end of the bottom plate in the Y-axis direction, the push plate is vertically arranged at two ends of the upper end of the bottom plate in the X-axis direction, the lower end of the push plate is arranged with the bottom plate in a sliding mode, and two sides of the push plate are arranged with the vertical wall in a sliding mode.

8. The two-dimensional extrusion stretching apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the vertical wall is characterized in that a guide rail is arranged at the upper end of the vertical wall, a cross beam which is connected with the guide rail in a sliding mode is arranged at the upper end of the guide rail, the cross beam slides along the X-axis direction, the lower end of the cross beam is fixedly connected with the push plates, and one of the push plates is matched with one of the cross beams.

9. The two-dimensional extrusion stretching apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the observation window is embedded in the vertical wall, the lower surface of the observation window is flush with the lower surface of the vertical wall, the observation window is in the same shape as the vertical wall and is arranged in the middle of the vertical wall, and the area of the observation window accounts for more than 4/5 of the area of the vertical wall.

10. The two-dimensional extrusion stretching apparatus of claim 9, wherein: the viewing window includes, but is not limited to, acryl, tempered glass, paml sheet, or translucent resin.

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