CN211728155U

CN211728155U - Wheel set pre-assembling equipment and system

Info

Publication number: CN211728155U
Application number: CN201922253799.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田甜; 卜运强
Original assignee: Beijing Sheenline Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Sheenline Technology Co Ltd; Beijing Sheenline Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-16
Filing date: 2019-12-16
Publication date: 2020-10-23
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-16

Abstract

The present application relates to a wheel set preassembly apparatus and system. The wheel set pre-assembling equipment comprises a pre-assembling device, an axle receiving device and a master control system. The pre-press mounting device is used for placing a wheel or a brake disc to be assembled; the axle receiving device is used for placing an axle to be assembled; the master control system is in communication connection with the pre-loading device and the axle receiving device respectively, and is used for controlling the pre-loading device and/or the axle receiving device to work according to the information of the wheel or the brake disc and the axle so as to adjust at least one of the position of the wheel or the brake disc and the position of the axle and realize the centering of the wheel or the brake disc and the axle center. The wheel set pre-assembling equipment provided by the application can be suitable for pre-assembling different types and sizes of axles and wheels or brake discs.

Description

Wheel set pre-assembling equipment and system

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of locomotive maintenance and assembly, in particular to wheel set pre-assembly equipment and system.

Background

Wheel sets are important components of rolling stock. The wheel set mainly comprises an axle, wheels, a brake disc and the like. Before the wheel pair is pressed and assembled, the wheel pair is preassembled firstly and then pressed and assembled through special pressing and assembling equipment. In the field of locomotive maintenance and assembly, pre-assembly and press-fitting belong to two different processes. The wheel set pre-assembly mainly comprises the brake disc and axle pre-assembly, the wheel and axle pre-assembly, the axle and wheel pre-assembly with the brake disc and the axle and wheel pre-assembly with the gearbox and the like, and the wheel or the brake disc is pre-assembled on the axle in different positions in each type of pre-assembly process. In addition, due to the fact that the sizes of the axles of different vehicle types are different, the preassembly positions of the wheels and the brake disc on the axles are different.

The wheel set pre-assembling device in the prior art mainly comprises two wheel pre-pressing devices and an axle positioning and clamping device. The two wheel pre-press mounting devices are arranged on two sides of the axle positioning and clamping device. The axle positioning and clamping devices fix the axle, and the wheel pre-pressing devices on the two sides move towards the axle positioning and clamping devices in the middle, so that the wheels are pre-assembled on the wheels.

However, the axle positioning and clamping device in the wheel set pre-assembling equipment in the prior art can only be applied to clamping one type or size of axle, and therefore, the axle positioning and clamping device can only be applied to pre-assembling one type of wheel and axle, and the applicability is poor.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above, there is a need to provide a wheel set preassembly apparatus and system.

A wheel set preassembly apparatus comprising:

the pre-pressing device is used for placing a wheel or a brake disc to be assembled;

the axle receiving device is used for placing an axle to be assembled;

and the master control system is in communication connection with the pre-loading device and the axle receiving device respectively, and is used for controlling the pre-loading device and/or the axle receiving device to work according to the information of the wheel or the brake disc and the axle so as to adjust at least one of the position of the wheel or the brake disc and the position of the axle and realize the centering of the wheel or the brake disc and the axle center.

In one embodiment, the axle receiving device comprises:

the lifting structure is used for lifting the axle;

the lifting structure is mechanically connected with the lifting structure and used for driving the lifting structure to lift;

and the master control system is in communication connection with the lifting structure and is used for controlling the lifting structure to work according to the information of the axle so as to adjust the height of the lifting structure.

In one embodiment, the lifting structure comprises:

the supporting component is connected with the lifting structure in a sliding manner;

the bearing lead screw is rotationally connected with the supporting component;

the bearing nut is in transmission connection with the bearing lead screw and is fixedly connected with the lifting structure;

and the lifting driving assembly is in driving connection with the bearing lead screw, is in communication connection with the master control system, and is used for driving the bearing lead screw to rotate.

In one embodiment, the lifting structure comprises:

and the axle position measuring device is arranged on the supporting assembly, is in communication connection with the master control system, and is used for acquiring the distance between the axle center of the axle and the reference surface.

In one embodiment, the lifting structure further comprises:

the upper limiting device is arranged on the supporting assembly, is in communication connection with the master control system, and is used for limiting the ascending position of the bearing nut;

and the lower limiting device is arranged on the supporting assembly, is in communication connection with the master control system, and is used for limiting the descending position of the bearing nut.

In one embodiment, the lift structure comprises:

the supporting frame is mechanically connected with the lifting structure;

the support arm, with support frame sliding connection, the support arm is kept away from the one end of support frame is groove structure, the support arm is kept away from the one end of support frame set up in pre-compaction dress device place orientation.

In one embodiment, the lifting structure further comprises:

the axle clamping piece is of an inverted L-shaped structure, is arranged at one end, far away from the support frame, of the support arm and is in rotating connection with the support arm, and the axle clamping piece is used for being matched with the support arm to clamp the axle;

and the axle clamping driving assembly is connected with the supporting arm in a rotating manner, is connected with the axle clamping piece in a driving manner, and is in communication connection with the master control system, and the axle clamping driving assembly is used for driving the axle clamping piece to rotate.

In one embodiment, the lift structure comprises:

and the transverse adjusting component is in sliding connection with the support frame, is fixedly connected with the support arm and is used for driving the support arm to transversely move.

In one embodiment, the support arm comprises:

the first supporting arm is connected with the supporting frame in a sliding manner;

the second support arm, with support frame sliding connection, with first support arm interval sets up, the second support arm with distance between the first support arm is adjustable.

In one embodiment, the lifting structure further comprises:

a lateral positioning assembly disposed to the first support arm for defining a distance between the first support arm and the second support arm.

In one embodiment, the lateral positioning assembly comprises:

the stroke fixing plate is fixedly connected with the first supporting arm and provided with a fixing hole;

the positioning piece is fixed on the second supporting arm and provided with a positioning hole;

and the positioning pin is arranged on the positioning piece, can penetrate through the positioning hole and is inserted into the fixing hole.

In one embodiment, the lifting structure further comprises:

and the third supporting arm is fixedly connected with the supporting frame and is used for supporting the gear box.

In one embodiment, the pre-press fitting device comprises:

a clamping assembly;

the transmission assembly is in transmission connection with the clamping assembly;

the prepressing driving component is in driving connection with the transmission component and is used for driving the transmission component so as to drive the clamping component to move;

the master control system is in communication connection with the prepressing driving assembly and is further used for controlling the prepressing driving assembly to work according to the information of the wheels or the brake disc.

In one embodiment, the pre-press-fitting device further includes:

and the position detection assembly is arranged on the transmission assembly and is in communication connection with the master control system, and the position detection assembly is used for detecting the current position of the movement of the clamping assembly.

In one embodiment, the clamping assembly comprises:

the mounting main body is in transmission connection with the transmission assembly, and a fixed chain wheel is arranged on the mounting main body;

the upper clamping disc is connected with the mounting main body in a sliding manner;

the upper clamping shaft group is arranged on the upper clamping disc;

the lower clamping disc is connected with the mounting main body in a sliding manner, and the upper clamping disc is connected with the lower clamping disc through a chain wound on the fixed chain wheel;

the lower clamping shaft group is arranged on the lower clamping disc;

and the clamping driving assembly is arranged in the mounting main body, is connected with the upper clamping disc in a driving way, is in communication connection with the master control system, and is used for driving the upper clamping disc to slide upwards and driving the lower clamping disc to slide downwards through the chain.

In one embodiment, the upper clamping shaft group and the lower clamping shaft group respectively comprise 2 wheel clamping shafts arranged at intervals, and the clamping shafts are used for clamping the wheels.

In one embodiment, the upper clamping shaft group and the lower clamping shaft group further comprise 2 brake disc clamping shafts which are arranged at intervals and can be detachably mounted, and the brake disc clamping shafts are used for clamping brake discs.

In one embodiment, the pre-press fitting device comprises:

a first pre-loading device;

the second pre-pressing device is arranged opposite to the first pre-pressing device at intervals;

the axle receiving device is arranged between the first pre-loading device and the second pre-loading device.

In one embodiment, the wheel set pre-assembly apparatus further comprises:

and the rigid tension beam assembly is arranged in the direction parallel to the connecting line of the first pre-loading device and the second pre-loading device and is connected between the first pre-loading device and the second pre-loading device.

A wheel set preassembly system comprising:

the wheel-pair preassembly apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim;

the first material conveying device is used for conveying the wheels or the brake discs;

the second material conveying device is used for conveying the axle;

and the third material conveying device is used for conveying the wheel pair subjected to pre-assembly.

The wheel pair pre-assembling device and system in the embodiment of the application comprise the pre-pressing device, the axle receiving device and the master control system. The master control system can control at least one of the pre-pressing device and the axle receiving device to work according to the information of the wheels or the brake discs and the axles, so that at least one of the positions of the wheels or the brake discs and the positions of the axles can be adjusted. The wheel pair pre-assembly equipment and the wheel pair pre-assembly system provided by the embodiment of the application can control and adjust various different positions or heights, so that the wheel pair pre-assembly equipment and the wheel pair pre-assembly system can be suitable for different types and sizes of axles and wheels or pre-assemblies of brake discs, are suitable for pre-assembly of different types of wheel pairs, and improve applicability and practicability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a wheel set pre-assembly apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an axle receiving device according to an embodiment of the present application in front view;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a top view of a structure of an axle receiving device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic front view of a first pre-loading device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic top view of a first pre-loading device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first pre-loading device in a right view according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic front view of a second pre-loading device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic top view of a second pre-loading device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Description of reference numerals:

the brake disc pre-pressing device comprises a pre-pressing device 10, a first pre-pressing device 100, a wheel clamping shaft 101, a brake disc clamping shaft 102, a first clamping assembly 110, a first mounting main body 111, a first upper clamping disc 112, a first upper clamping shaft group 113, a first lower clamping disc 114, a first lower clamping shaft group 115, a first clamping driving assembly 116, a first fixed chain wheel 117, a first chain 118, a first transmission assembly 120, a first pre-pressing driving assembly 130, a first position detection assembly 140, a second pre-pressing device 200, a second clamping assembly 210, a second mounting main body 211, a second upper clamping disc 212, a second upper clamping shaft group 213, a second lower clamping disc 214, a second lower clamping shaft group 215, a second clamping driving assembly 216, a second fixed chain wheel 217, a second chain 218, a second transmission assembly 220, a second pre-pressing driving assembly 230, a second position detection assembly 240, a material receiving device 30, a lifting structure 310, a wheel pre-pressing device 120, a first pre-pressing device 100, a first lower clamping disc 114, a second, Support bracket 311, support arm 312, first support arm 3121, second support arm 3122, third support arm 3123, axle clamp 313, first axle clamp 3131, second axle clamp 3132, lateral adjustment assembly 315, lateral positioning assembly 316, travel securing plate 3161, positioning member 3162, positioning pin 3163, axle clamp drive assembly 317, lift structure 320, support assembly 321, load screw 322, load nut 323, lift drive assembly 324, axle position measurement device 325, upper limiting device 326, lower limiting device 327, rigid tie beam assembly 400, master control system 20, axle 40, wheel 50.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is further described in detail below by way of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects as described, and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" when used in this application, unless otherwise indicated, includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the present application.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

The embodiment of the application provides wheel set pre-assembling equipment and a system, which can be used for pre-assembling wheels and axles of rolling stock and pre-assembling brake discs and axles. The axle can be a smooth axle, an axle with a brake disc, an axle with a gear box and the like. The rolling stock is a vehicle driven or towed by a power device. The rolling stock includes but is not limited to a motor train unit, a subway train, a locomotive, a passenger car, etc.

Referring to FIG. 1, one embodiment of the present application provides a wheel set preassembly apparatus. The wheel pair pre-assembling equipment comprises a pre-pressing device 10, a master control system 20 and an axle receiving device 30.

The pre-press device 10 is used for placing a wheel 50 or a brake disc (not shown in the figure) to be assembled, and the axle receiving device 30 is used for placing an axle 40 to be assembled. The pre-press fitting device 10 can pre-press fit the wheel 50 or the brake disc to both ends of the axle 40. The axle 40 may include a plain axle, a brake disc axle, a gearbox axle, and the like. At the same time, the axle includes various diameter dimensions: 192mm, 182mm, 180mm, 165mm, 170mm, 173.5 mm. The different types and sizes of the axle 40 are different from the centered position of the wheel 50 or the brake disk when pre-assembled, and thus, the wheel 50 or the brake disk position, and the set height of the axle 40 are at least one different.

The master control system 20 is in communication connection with the pre-press mounting device 10 and the axle receiving device 30 respectively. The general control system 20 is configured to control the pre-loading device 10 and/or the axle receiving device 30 to operate according to the information of the wheel 50 or the brake disc and the axle 40, so as to adjust at least one of the position of the wheel 50 or the brake disc and the position of the axle 40, thereby achieving the centering of the wheel 50 or the brake disc with the center of the axle 40, that is: the axle 40 has a central axis that coincides with the wheel 50 or the brake disc central axis.

The master control system 20 is used for controlling the pre-loading device 10, the axle receiving device 30 and other devices. The general control system 20 may be a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), a computer device, or other control devices including a processor or a Microprocessor (MCU). The embodiment of the present application does not limit the structure and the control method of the general control system 20.

The working process of the wheel set preassembly equipment is as follows: the pre-pressing device 10 clamps the wheel 50 or the brake disc, and the axle receiving device 30 clamps the axle 40. The general control system 20 controls the pre-loading device 10 to move according to the information of the wheel 50 or the brake disc and the information of the axle 40, so as to adjust the position of the wheel 50 or the brake disc; or controlling the axle receiving device 30 to lift or move, so as to adjust the position of the axle 40; or controlling the pre-press-fitting device 10 and the axle receiving device 30 to lift or move simultaneously, so as to adjust the positions of the wheel 50 or the brake disc and the axle 40 simultaneously, and finally realize the centering of the wheel 50 or the brake disc and the axle 40.

Specifically, the information entered or selected in the overall control system 20 for the wheel or brake disc, and the axle, before pre-assembly, may include type information, size information (e.g., diameter, length, thickness, etc.). According to different information, the master control system correspondingly adjusts the position of the pre-press mounting device 10, the height of the axle receiving device 30 and the like.

In this embodiment, the wheel set pre-assembly equipment includes the pre-press mounting device 10, the axle receiving device 30, and the master control system 20. The general control system 20 can control at least one of the pre-loading device 10 and the axle receiving device 30 to work according to the information of the wheel 50 or the brake disc and the axle 50, so that at least one of the position of the wheel 50 or the brake disc and the position of the axle 40 can be adjusted. The wheel set pre-assembly equipment provided by the embodiment can control and adjust various different positions or heights, so that the wheel set pre-assembly equipment can be suitable for pre-assembling the axle 40 and the wheel 50 or the brake disc with different types and sizes, is suitable for pre-assembling wheel sets of different types, and improves the applicability and the practicability.

In one embodiment, the pre-loading device 10 includes a first pre-loading device 100 and a second pre-loading device 200. The first pre-loading device 100 and the second pre-loading device 200 are oppositely arranged at intervals. The lifting structure 310 of the axle receiving device 30 is disposed between the first pre-loading device 100 and the second pre-loading device 200.

The first pre-clamping device 100 and the second pre-clamping device 200 are used to clamp a wheel 50 or a brake disc. The wheel 50 or the brake disc clamped by the first pre-loading device 100 and the second pre-loading device 200 is arranged oppositely. In use, the wheel 50 or brake disc is aligned with the central axis. The wheel 50 or the brake disc, which may be clamped by the first pre-clamping device 100 and/or the second pre-clamping device 200, respectively, is centered.

The axle receiving device 30. The axle receiving device 30 may be disposed in the middle of the side surfaces of the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200, that is, the axle receiving device 30 is disposed in the perpendicular position of the line of the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200, and is clamped and fixed with the axle 40 disposed between the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200.

In one embodiment, the axle receiving device 30 includes a lifting structure 310 and a lifting structure 320. The lifting structure 320 is mechanically connected to the lifting structure 310, and the general control system 20 is in communication connection with the lifting structure 320. The lifting structure 310 is used for lifting the axle 40. The lifting structure 310 may be disposed between the first pre-loading device 100 and the second pre-loading device 200. The specific structure, shape, etc. of the lifting structure 310 are not limited as long as the lifting of the axle 40 can be achieved. The lifting structure 320 is used for driving the lifting structure 310 to lift. The driving manner, specific structure and connection form of the lifting structure 320 and the lifting structure 310 are not limited as long as the lifting function can be realized.

The general control system 20 is used for controlling the lifting structure 320 to work according to the information of the axle 40 so as to adjust the height of the lifting structure 310. The axle 40 is transported and placed in the lifting structure 310 of the axle receiver 30. According to the type and the size of the axle 40, the general control system 20 controls the lifting structure 320 to lift, so that the position of the axle 40 clamped by the lifting structure 310 corresponds to the type and the size of the axle 40. After the axle 40 is positioned, the first pre-loading device 100 and/or the second pre-loading device 200 are/is pushed toward the axle 40, so that the wheels 50 or the brake discs on both sides of the axle 40 are pre-loaded on the axle 40. The first pre-loading device 100 and/or the second pre-loading device 200 releases the wheel 50 or the brake disc, returning to the original position.

In this embodiment, the axle receiving device 30 includes the lifting structure 310 and the lifting structure 320. The general control system 20 controls the operation of the lifting structure 320, so that the height of the lifting structure 310 can be adjusted, and the lifted axle 40 is at different heights. The wheel set pre-assembly equipment provided by the embodiment can control and adjust various different heights, so that the wheel set pre-assembly equipment can be suitable for pre-assembling the axle 40 and the wheel 50 or the brake disc with different types and sizes, is suitable for pre-assembling wheel sets of different types, and improves the applicability and the practicability.

In one embodiment, the wheel set pre-assembly apparatus further comprises a rigid tie beam assembly 400. The rigid tie beam assembly 400 is disposed in a direction parallel to a line connecting the first preloading device 100 and the second preloading device 200, and is connected between the first preloading device 100 and the second preloading device 200. The rigid tie beam assembly 400 may be formed by welding H-shaped structural steel and local stiffened plates. The rigid tie beam assembly 400 can be used in the installation process of the first pre-loading device 100 and the second pre-loading device 200, and the rigid tie beam assembly 400 can ensure the levelness, the symmetry, the concentricity and the straightness of the clamping assembly of the first pre-loading device 100 and the second pre-loading device 200, so that the pre-assembly accuracy of subsequent wheel sets is improved. It is understood that after the first preloading device 100 and the second preloading device 200 are installed, the rigid tie beam assembly 400 needs to be removed.

The structure of the lifting structure 320 will be described below with reference to an embodiment.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in one embodiment, the lifting structure 320 includes a support assembly 321, a bearing screw 322, a bearing nut 323, and a lifting driving assembly 324. The bearing lead screw 322 is rotatably connected with the support component 321, and the bearing nut 323 is in transmission connection with the bearing lead screw 322. The bearing nut 323 is fixedly connected to the lifting structure 310. The lifting driving component 324 is in driving connection with the bearing lead screw 322, and the lifting driving component 324 is in communication connection with the general control system 20.

The support assembly 321 is used for supporting the bearing lead screw 322. The support member 321 may be a column structure, and the specific shape, material, etc. are not limited. The bearing screw 322 is disposed on the supporting component and can rotate relative to the supporting component 321. The lifting driving assembly 324 is used for driving the bearing lead screw 322 to rotate. The lift drive assembly 324 may be a servo motor. The lifting driving assembly 324 may further be connected to a decelerator. In addition, an elastic coupling may be further disposed between the lifting driving assembly 324 and the bearing lead screw 322. The elastic coupling is rotatably connected with the bearing lead screw 322. The lifting drive assembly 324 drives the carrier screw 322 to rotate, thereby moving the carrier nut 323 up and down along the carrier screw 322. The bearing nut 323 moves up and down to drive the lifting structure 310 fixedly connected with the bearing nut to move up and down, so that the height of the lifted axle 40 is changed. In this embodiment, the bearing screw 322 and the bearing nut 323 are used for transmission, and the bearing screw 322 rotates, so that the bearing nut 323 moves up and down, the height of the axle 40 is changed, the structure is simple, the implementation is easy, the stability is high, and the height adjustment is more accurate.

In one embodiment, the lifting structure 320 further comprises an axle position measuring device 325, an upper limiting device 326 and a lower limiting device 327. The axle position measuring device 325, the upper limiting device 326 and the lower limiting device 327 are disposed on the supporting assembly 321. Specifically, the axle position measuring device 325, the upper limiting device 326 and the lower limiting device 327 may be disposed on the side surface of the support column. The axle position measuring device 325, the upper limiting device 326 and the lower limiting device 327 are all connected to the general control system 20 in a communication manner.

The axle position measuring device 325 is used to obtain the distance between the axis of the axle 40 and a reference plane, which may be an operation plane. In one particular embodiment, the axle position measurement device 325 may be a null switch. The zero position switch is used to detect the mechanical origin of the lift structure 310. When the lifting structure 310 encounters the zero-position switch during the lifting process, the master control system 20 controls the lifting driving component 324 to decelerate and stop, and the point is used as the mechanical origin. Since the null switch is mounted on the support member 321, and the support member 321 is fixedly arranged, the size value of the null switch relative to the operation surface is absolutely accurate. The mechanical origin acquired by the zero-position switch can be used as a reference point for adjusting the height of the axle 40 by the general control system 20 at a later stage. In this embodiment, the axle position measuring device 325 can reduce the error of the lifting device in the moving process, and effectively improve the accuracy of the lifting structure 320 to the high lifting of the lifting structure 310, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the alignment between the axle and the wheel or the brake disc.

The upper limiting device 326 and the lower limiting device 327 are used for upper limiting and lower limiting of the lifting structure 310. Wherein, last spacing includes upper limit and last spacing, and the spacing includes down spacing and lower spacing down. In particular, the upper limiting device 326 is used to limit the position in which the carrying nut 232 is raised, and thus the position in which the lifting structure 310 is raised. The lower limiting device 327 is used to limit the position where the carrying nut 323 descends, so as to limit the position where the lifting structure 310 descends. The upper limiting device 326 and the lower limiting device 327 may include limiting switches, and specifically, the upper limiting device 326 includes an upper limiting switch, and the lower limiting device 327 includes a lower limiting switch. The number of the upper limit switches and the lower limit switches may be one or more. In a specific embodiment, 2 upper limit switches and 2 lower limit switches are respectively arranged. The upper limit switch may be disposed at an upper end of the supporting member 321, and the lower limit switch may be disposed at a middle-lower end of the supporting member 321. The upper limit switch and the lower limit switch are used for detecting that the lifting structure 310 reaches the top and the bottom of the preset range. When the upper limit switch detects that the lifting structure 310 reaches the top end, the general control system 20 controls the lifting driving assembly 324 to stop driving, and the lifting structure 310 stops lifting. The working principle of the lower limit switch is similar, and the description is omitted. In this embodiment, through go up limit switch with limit switch down, effectively inject the lifting range, improve equipment stability and security.

The structure of the lift structure 310 is described below with reference to the following embodiments.

In one embodiment, the lifting structure 310 includes a support frame 311 and a support arm 312. The supporting frame 311 is mechanically connected to the lifting structure 320. Specifically, the supporting frame 311 is fixedly connected to a bearing nut 323 of the lifting structure 320. The side wall of the supporting component 321 of the lifting structure 320 is provided with a linear guide rail, and the supporting frame 311 is provided with a sliding block matched with the linear guide rail, so as to realize the sliding connection between the supporting frame 311 and the lifting structure 320. The supporting arm 312 is slidably connected to the supporting frame 311. The end of the supporting arm 312 far away from the supporting frame 311 is a groove structure. One end of the supporting arm 312, which is far away from the supporting frame 311, is disposed in the direction of the pre-press-fitting device 10, that is, one end of the supporting arm 312 with a groove structure is disposed between the first pre-press-fitting device 100 and the second pre-press-fitting device 200.

The supporting frame 311 may have a frame structure, a plate structure, or a column structure. The supporting frame 311 is used for supporting the supporting arm 312 and realizing the connection between the supporting arm 312 and the lifting structure 320.

In one embodiment, the support arm 312 includes a first support arm 3121 and a second support arm 3122. The first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 may be slidably connected to the support frame 311 by any other means such as a linear guide, a slider, and the like. The first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 are disposed at a distance. The first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 may have a column structure, a plate structure, or a strip structure. In a specific embodiment, the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 are both plate-shaped structures, and the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 are in the shape of a trapezoid, and the bottom side of the trapezoid is fixed to the support frame 311. Under the condition that the bearing is not influenced, the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 can also set up and offer the through-hole of certain size to can effectively lighten its weight. The ends, far away from the supporting frame 311, of the first supporting arm 3121 and the second supporting arm 3122 are both groove structures, and the shape of the groove may be square, circular arc, V-shaped, or the like. One ends of the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 away from the support frame 311 are disposed between the first pre-loading device 100 and the second pre-loading device 200, for placing the axle 40.

In one embodiment, the lift structure 310 further includes an axle clamp 313 and an axle clamp drive assembly 317. The axle clamp 313 may be of an inverted "L" configuration. The axle clamp 313 is disposed at an end of the support arm 312 away from the support frame 311, and is rotatably connected to the support arm 312. The axle clamp 313 is used to cooperate with the support arm 312 to effect clamping of the axle 40. The axle clamp drive assembly 317 is pivotally connected to the support arm 312 and drivingly connected to the axle clamp 313. Meanwhile, the axle clamp drive assembly 317 is in communication with the overall control system 20. The axle clamp drive assembly 317 is used to drive the rotation of the axle clamp 313.

Specifically, in one embodiment, axle clamp 313 includes a first axle clamp 3131 and a second axle clamp 3132. The first axle clamping member 3131 is disposed at an end of the first support arm 3121 away from the support frame 311, and is rotatably connected to the first support arm 3121. And the groove of the first axle clamping piece 3131 with an inverted L-shaped structure is opposite to the groove of the first support arm 3121, that is, the end of the first axle clamping piece 3131 with the groove is opposite to the end of the first support arm 3121 with the groove. The first axle clamp 3131 cooperates with the first support arm 3121 to enable clamping of the axle 40.

The second axle clamping member 3132 is disposed at an end of the second support arm 3122 away from the support arm 311, and is rotatably connected to the second support arm 3122. And the groove of the second axle clamping piece 3132 with an inverted L-shaped structure is arranged opposite to the groove of the second support arm 3122, that is, the end of the second axle clamping piece 3132 provided with the groove is arranged opposite to the end of the second support arm 3122 provided with the groove. The second axle clamp 3132 cooperates with the second support arm 3122 to enable clamping of the axle 40.

The axle clamp drive assembly 317 is in driving connection with the first and second

axle clamp members

3131, 3132. The axle clamp driving assembly 317 is used for driving the first axle clamp 3131 and the second axle clamp 3132 to rotate. The axle clamp drive assembly 317 may be a hydraulic cylinder. Since the axle 40 is a geared axle, when the axle 40 is placed on the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122, the center of gravity of the axle 40 is located outside the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122, and it is easy to overturn. By providing the first axle clamp 3131 and the second axle clamp 3132 to be able to cooperate with the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122, clamping of the axle 40 against tipping is achieved.

In use, when the axle 40 needs to be placed, a control signal is sent to the axle clamp drive assembly 317 through the overall control system 20, and the axle clamp drive assembly 317 drives the first axle clamp 3131 and the second axle clamp 3132 to rotate away from the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122, i.e., the first axle clamp 3131 and the second axle clamp 3132 are located beyond the maximum diameter of the axle 40, so that the axle 40 can be smoothly placed into the groove structures of the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122. Then, the axle clamping driving assembly 317 drives the first axle clamping piece 3131 and the second axle clamping piece 3132 to rotate, so as to clamp the axle 40, prevent the axle 40 from overturning in the moving process and ensure the safety of the wheel set preassembly operation.

In one embodiment, the lift structure 310 further includes a third support arm 3123. The third support arm 3123 is fixedly connected to the support frame 311. The third support arm 3123 may be used to support a gearbox. When the axle 40 is a geared axle, since the gear box on the axle 40 rotates around the axle, the third support arm 3123 supports the gear box, preventing the gear box from rotating, thereby facilitating better assembly of the wheel set.

In one embodiment, the lift structure 310 further includes a lateral adjustment assembly 315. The lateral adjustment assembly 315 is slidably connected to the supporting frame 311 and is fixedly connected to the supporting arm 312. The lateral adjustment assembly 315 is used to move the support arm 312 laterally. The lateral adjustment assembly 315 may be a sliding rail structure, a gear structure, a chain structure, or the like. The present application does not limit the specific form of the lateral adjustment assembly 315, as long as it can slide relative to the support frame 311. The lateral adjustment assembly 315 is slidably coupled to both the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122. The lateral adjustment assembly 315 may also be used to adjust the distance between the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122.

In one embodiment, the lift structure 310 further includes a lateral positioning assembly 316. The lateral positioning assembly 316 is disposed on the first support arm 3121 for defining a distance between the first support arm 312 and the second support arm 3122. The lateral positioning assembly 316 may have a variety of configurations. In one embodiment, the lateral positioning assembly 316 includes a stroke fixing plate 3161, a positioning member 3162, and a positioning pin 3163. The stroke fixing plate 3161 is fixedly connected to the first support arm 3121. The stroke fixing plate 3161 is provided with a fixing hole. The number of the fixing holes may be plural. The plurality of fixing holes are arranged and opened along the stroke fixing plate 3161 in the transverse direction. The stroke fixing plate 3161 may have a long plate-shaped structure. The stroke fixing plate 3161 may be fixed to the first support arm 3121 by screws or other means. The stroke fixing plate 3161 has a length greater than a lateral distance between the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122.

The positioning member 3162 is fixed to the second support arm 3122. The positioning member 3162 is provided with a positioning hole. The size of the positioning hole is matched with that of the fixing hole. The positioning pin 3163 is disposed on the positioning member 3162, and can penetrate through the positioning hole and be inserted into the fixing hole, so that the second support arm 3122 and the stroke fixing plate 3161 are relatively fixed, and further, the distance between the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 is relatively fixed. The locating pin 3163 may have a self-locking function. Due to the different types of axles 40, the clamped axle positions during pre-assembly may be different, and different distances may be required between the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122. When the distance between the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 needs to be adjusted, the knob of the positioning pin 3163 having a self-locking function is pulled up and rotated by 90 °, and the locking is performed in a pin shaft retraction state, at this time, the position of the second support arm 3122 is adjusted to meet the requirements of the current type of the axle 40. After the second support arm 3122 is adjusted to the right place, pull up the knob and rotate 90 °, make the round pin axle insert the fixed orifices of lower part, realize the fixed of second support arm 3122.

In this embodiment, by providing the lateral adjustment assembly 315 and the lateral positioning assembly 316, the distance between the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 is adjustable, so that the requirements of different types of axles 40 can be met, and the applicability and practicability of the wheel set pre-assembly apparatus are further improved. The transverse positioning assembly 316 is used for fixing the position of the second support arm 3122, and the relative distance between the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 is locked, so that the stability and reliability of the wheel set pre-assembly equipment structure are improved.

The structure of the pre-press apparatus 10 will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.

In one embodiment, the pre-press apparatus 10 includes a clamping assembly, a transmission assembly, and a pre-press drive assembly. The transmission assembly is in transmission connection with the clamping assembly. The prepressing driving assembly is in driving connection with the transmission assembly. The prepressing driving assembly is used for driving the transmission assembly so as to drive the clamping assembly to move. The master control system 20 is in communication connection with the pre-pressing driving assembly. The general control system 20 is further configured to control the operation of the pre-pressing driving assembly according to the information of the wheel 50 or the brake disc.

The clamping assembly is used to clamp the wheel 50 or brake disc and press it against the axle 40. The transmission assembly may comprise a gear, rack or belt, etc. The specific structure of the clamping assembly can be selected according to actual requirements, and the embodiment is not limited too much. The pre-pressing driving component can be a motor, a hydraulic cylinder and the like.

In one embodiment, the pre-press mounting device further comprises a position detection assembly. The position detection assembly is arranged on the transmission assembly. The position detection assembly is in communication connection with the overall control system 20. The position detection assembly is used for detecting the current position of the movement of the clamping assembly. The position detection component may be an in-place detector, a distance detector, a travel switch, or the like. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific structure of the position detection assembly. The position detection assembly transmits the detected current position information of the clamping assembly to the master control system 20 in real time, so that the master control system 20 further controls the moving position of the clamping assembly according to the position information until the clamping assembly moves to the pre-mounting position of the wheel or the brake disc on the axle.

In one embodiment, the clamping assembly includes a mounting body, an upper clamping disk, an upper clamping shaft set, a lower clamping disk, a lower clamping shaft set, and a clamping drive assembly. The mounting main body is in transmission connection with the transmission assembly. The mounting main body is provided with a fixed chain wheel. And a chain is wound on the fixed chain wheel. The mounting body may be a plate-shaped structure. The first mounting body is used for mounting and supporting the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate. Go up the grip slipper with lower grip slipper all set up in the coplanar of installation main part, just go up the grip slipper with lower grip slipper is through locating around the chain of fixed sprocket is connected. The upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc are both in sliding connection with the mounting main body. The upper clamping shaft group is arranged on the upper clamping disc. The lower clamping shaft group is arranged on the lower clamping disc. The upper clamping shaft group and the lower clamping shaft group both comprise a plurality of clamping shafts. In one embodiment, the upper clamping axle set and the lower clamping axle set each include 2 spaced wheel clamping axles. The specific positions of the 4 wheel clamping shafts can be set according to the size and the shape of the wheel. In addition, go up centre gripping axle group with centre gripping axle group still all includes 2 intervals setting down, and demountable installation's brake disc centre gripping axle. The brake disc clamping shaft is used for clamping the brake disc. The diameter of the brake disc is generally smaller than the diameter of the wheel 50. Thus, when it is desired to clamp the wheel 50, the brake disc clamping shaft is removed. When needs centre gripping when the brake disc, the installation brake disc centre gripping axle, the wheel centre gripping axle is located outside the diameter range of brake disc centre gripping axle, consequently, can not influence the centre gripping of brake disc.

The clamping driving assembly is arranged on the mounting main body. The clamping driving assembly is in driving connection with the upper clamping disc. The clamping driving assembly is in communication connection with the general control system 20. The clamp drive assembly may be a hydraulic cylinder. The clamping driving assembly is used for driving the upper clamping disc to slide up and down, when the upper clamping disc slides upwards, the chain moves downwards around the fixed chain wheel, and under the action of gravity, the chain drives the lower clamping disc to slide downwards, so that the upper clamping shaft group and the lower clamping shaft group are loosened; the clamping driving assembly drives the upper clamping disc to slide downwards, and the chain drives the lower clamping disc to slide upwards, so that the upper clamping shaft group and the lower clamping shaft group are clamped, and the wheel 50 or the brake disc is clamped and loosened. According to the clamping assembly provided by the embodiment, the clamping driving assembly can drive the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc to move up and down, so that the upper clamping shaft group and the lower clamping shaft group are clamped and loosened to conveniently put in and take out the wheel 50 or the brake disc, and the clamping driving assembly can clamp and loosen the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc by adopting the minimum driving force so as to conveniently put in and take out the wheel 50 or the brake disc, and the structure is simple; and the clamping center position can be always kept unchanged in the clamping and loosening processes of the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc, so that the centering accuracy of the wheel 50 or the brake disc is improved.

In the above description of the pre-press apparatus 100, the structures of the first pre-press apparatus 100 and the second pre-press apparatus 200 in the pre-press apparatus 10 are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in one embodiment, the first preloading device 100 includes a first clamping assembly 110, a first transmission assembly 120, a first preloading driving assembly 130, and a first position detecting assembly 140. The first clamping assembly 110 is used to clamp the wheel 50 or the brake disc. The first transmission assembly 120 is in transmission connection with the first clamping assembly 110. The first pre-pressing driving assembly 130 is in driving connection with the first transmission assembly 120, and is configured to drive the first transmission assembly 120 to operate so as to drive the first clamping assembly 110 to move. The first pre-pressing driving assembly 130 may be any structure capable of driving the first clamping assembly 110 to move. The first position detecting element 140 is disposed on the first transmission element 120. Specifically, the first position detecting element 140 may be disposed on a rack of the first transmission element 120. The first position detecting elements 140 may be arranged at intervals. The master control system 20 is in communication connection with both the first pre-pressing driving assembly 130 and the position detecting assembly 140. The master control system 20 is used for controlling the first pre-pressing driving assembly 130 to work. Meanwhile, the first position detecting component 140 uploads the detected position information to the overall control system 20 in real time.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the second preloading device 200 includes a second clamping assembly 210, the second transmission assembly 220, a second preloading driving assembly 230, and a second position detecting assembly 240. The second transmission assembly 220 is in transmission connection with the second clamping assembly 210. The second clamping assembly 210 is used to clamp the wheel 50 or the brake disc. The second clamping assembly 210 is disposed opposite to and spaced apart from the first clamping assembly 110. The second pre-pressing driving assembly 230 is in driving connection with the second transmission assembly 220, and is used for driving the second transmission assembly 220 to work, so as to drive the second clamping assembly 210 to move. The second pre-pressing driving assembly 230 may be any structure capable of driving the second clamping assembly 210 to move. The second position detecting assembly 240 is disposed on the second transmission assembly 220. Specifically, the second position detecting assembly 240 may be disposed on a rack of the second transmission assembly 220. The second position detecting assembly 240 may be provided in a plurality of spaced apart positions. The master control system 20 is connected to the second pre-pressing driving assembly 230 in communication. The master control system 20 is used for controlling the second pre-pressing driving assembly 230 to work. Meanwhile, the second position detecting component 240 uploads the detected position information to the overall control system 20 in real time.

In use, the first clamping assembly 110 and the second clamping assembly 210 clamp the wheel 50 or the brake disc, respectively. After the axle 40 clamped by the axle receiving device 30 is in place, the total control system 20 controls the first pre-pressing driving assembly 130 and the second pre-pressing driving assembly 230 to work simultaneously, so as to drive the first transmission assembly 120 and the second transmission assembly 220 to transmit simultaneously, and drive the first clamping assembly 110 and the second clamping assembly 210 to move simultaneously in opposite directions, that is, the first clamping assembly 110 and the second clamping assembly 210 move simultaneously towards the axle 40. After the first clamping assembly 110 and the second clamping assembly 210 clamp the wheel 50 or the brake disc is preloaded to the axle 40, the first clamping assembly 110 and the second clamping assembly 210 are controlled to release the wheel 50 or the brake disc, and the brake disc is returned to the original position. In the whole process, the first position detecting assembly 140 and the second position detecting assembly 240 detect the position information of the first clamping assembly 110 and the second clamping assembly 210 in real time and upload the position information to the general control system 20. The master control system 20 controls the operation of the first pre-pressing driving assembly 130 and/or the second pre-pressing driving assembly 230 based on the received position information.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in one embodiment, the first clamping assembly 110 includes a first mounting body 111, a first upper clamping plate 112, a first upper clamping shaft set 113, a first lower clamping plate 114, a first lower clamping shaft set 115, and a first clamping driving assembly 116. The first mounting body 111 is in driving connection with the first transmission assembly 120. The first mounting body 111 is used to mount and support the first upper clamping plate 112 and the first lower clamping plate 114. The first mounting body 111 is provided with a first fixed sprocket 117. A first chain 118 is wound on the first fixed sprocket 117. The first upper clamping plate 112 and the first lower clamping plate 114 are both disposed on a surface of the first mounting body 111 close to the second pre-loading device 200, and the first upper clamping plate 112 and the first lower clamping plate 114 are connected by the first chain 118. The first upper clamping plate 112 and the first lower clamping plate 114 are slidably connected to the first mounting body 111. The first upper clamping shaft set 113 is disposed on the first upper clamping disk 112. The first lower clamping shaft set 115 is disposed on the first lower clamping disk 114. The first upper clamping axis set 113 and the first lower clamping axis set 115 each include a plurality of clamping axes.

Referring also to fig. 6, in one embodiment, the first upper clamping axle set 113 and the first lower clamping axle set 115 each include 2 wheel clamping axles 101 arranged at intervals. The specific positions of the 4 wheel clamping shafts 101 can be set according to the size and shape of the wheel or the brake disc. In addition, the first upper clamping shaft set 113 and the first lower clamping shaft set 115 further include 2 brake disc clamping shafts 102 which are arranged at intervals and are detachably mounted. The brake disk clamping shaft 102 is used to clamp the brake disk.

The first clamping driving assembly 116 is disposed on the first mounting body 111. The first clamping drive assembly 116 is drivingly connected to the first upper clamping disk 112. The first clamping driving assembly 116 is in communication with the overall control system 20. The first clamp drive assembly 116 may be a clamp cylinder. The first clamping driving assembly 116 is configured to drive the first upper clamping disk 112 to slide upwards, when the first upper clamping disk 112 slides upwards, the first chain 118 moves downwards around the first fixed sprocket 117, the first lower clamping disk 114 drives the first lower clamping disk 114 to slide downwards under the action of gravity, so that the first upper clamping shaft set 113 and the first lower clamping shaft set 115 are released, the first clamping driving assembly 116 drives the first upper clamping disk 112 to slide downwards, and the first chain 118 drives the first lower clamping disk 114 to slide upwards, so that the first upper clamping shaft set 113 and the first lower clamping shaft set 115 are clamped, and thus the wheel 50 or the brake disk is clamped and released. The design of the present embodiment enables the first clamping driving assembly 116 to clamp and unclamp the first upper clamping disk 112 and the first lower clamping disk 114 with a minimum driving force, so as to put in and take out the wheel 50 or the brake disk, and the structure is simple; and the clamping center position can be always kept unchanged in the clamping and releasing processes of the first upper clamping disc 112 and the first lower clamping disc 114, so that the centering accuracy of the wheel 50 or the brake disc is improved.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, in one embodiment, the second clamping assembly 210 includes a second mounting body 211, a second upper clamping plate 212, a second upper clamping shaft set 213, a second lower clamping plate 214, a second lower clamping shaft set 215, and a second clamping driving assembly 216. The second mounting body 211 is disposed opposite to the first mounting body 111 with a space therebetween. The second mounting body 211 is in driving connection with the second driving assembly 220. The second mounting body 211 is used to mount and support the second upper clamping plate 212 and the second lower clamping plate 214. A second fixed sprocket 217 is provided on the second mounting body 211. A second chain 218 is wound on the second fixed sprocket 217. The second upper clamping plate 212 and the second lower clamping plate 214 are both disposed on a surface of the second mounting body 211 close to the first pre-loading device 100, and the second upper clamping plate 212 and the second lower clamping plate 214 are connected by the second chain 218. The second upper clamping plate 212 is disposed opposite to the first upper clamping plate 112, and the second lower clamping plate 214 is disposed opposite to the first lower clamping plate 114. The second upper clamping plate 212 and the second lower clamping plate 214 are slidably connected to the second mounting body 211. The second upper clamping shaft set 213 is disposed on the second upper clamping disk 212. The second lower clamping shaft set 215 is disposed on the second lower clamping plate 214. The second upper clamping shaft set 213 is disposed opposite to the first upper clamping shaft set 113, and the second lower clamping shaft set 215 is disposed opposite to the first lower clamping shaft set 115. The second upper clamping shaft set 213 and the second lower clamping shaft set 215 each include a plurality of clamping shafts. The clamping shaft is provided in the same manner as the first clamping assembly 110, and will not be described in detail herein.

The second clamping driving assembly 216 is disposed on the second mounting body 211. The second clamping driving assembly 216 is in driving connection with the second upper clamping disk 212. The second clamping driving assembly 216 is in communication with the overall control system 20. The second clamp drive assembly 216 may be a clamp cylinder. The second clamping driving assembly 216 is configured to drive the second upper clamping disk 212 to slide up and down, and when the second upper clamping disk 212 slides up and down, the second lower clamping disk 214 is driven by the second chain 218 to slide up and down, so that the second upper clamping shaft set 213 and the second lower clamping shaft set 215 are clamped and loosened, and the wheel 50 or the brake disc is clamped and loosened. The implementation and the technical effects of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first clamping assembly 110, and are not described herein again.

When the wheel 50 or the brake disc is placed, the master control system 20 controls the first clamping driving assembly 116 to move, the first clamping driving assembly 116 drives the first upper clamping plate 112 to move upwards, and the first upper clamping plate 112 drives the first lower clamping plate 114 to move downwards through the first chain 118, so that the distance between the first upper clamping shaft set 113 and the first lower clamping shaft set 115 is increased. The wheel 50 or the brake disc is placed in the clamping device, the first upper clamping disc 112 and the first lower clamping disc 114 are driven to move, and 4 clamping shafts clamp the wheel 50 or the brake disc with a preset fixing force value. Meanwhile, the main control system 20 controls the second clamping driving assembly 216 to operate, the second clamping driving assembly 216 drives the second upper clamping plate 212 to move upwards, and the second upper clamping plate 212 drives the second lower clamping plate 214 to move downwards through the second chain 218, so that the distance between the second upper clamping shaft set 213 and the second lower clamping shaft set 215 is increased. The wheel 50 or the brake disc is placed in the clamping device, the second upper clamping disc 212 and the second lower clamping disc 214 are driven to move, and 4 clamping shafts clamp the wheel 50 or the brake disc with a preset fixing force value. Then, the master control system may drive the first upper clamping disk 112 and the second upper clamping disk 212 to move according to the information such as the model or size of the wheel 50 or the brake disk, so as to adjust the positions of the wheel 50 or the brake disk on both sides, thereby realizing the centering of the two wheels 50 or the brake disks.

In this embodiment, the first clamping assembly 110 and the second clamping assembly 210 are arranged, and the first upper clamping disk 112 and the second upper clamping disk 212 are adjusted to move upwards to drive the first lower clamping disk 114 and the second lower clamping disk 214 to move downwards, so that the first upper clamping shaft group 113 and the first lower clamping shaft group 115, and the second upper clamping shaft group 213 and the second lower clamping shaft group 215 clamp and center the wheel 50 or the brake disc.

An embodiment of the present application also provides a wheel set preassembly system. The wheel pair pre-assembling system comprises the wheel pair pre-assembling equipment, the first material conveying device, the second material conveying device and the third material conveying device. The structure and the beneficial effects of the wheel set pre-assembly equipment are as described above, and are not described in detail herein. The first transportation means is used for transporting the wheel 50 or the brake disc. The second material transporting device is used for transporting the axle 40. And the third material conveying device is used for conveying the assembled wheel pair. The specific structures, control modes, operation modes and the like of the first material conveying device and the second material conveying device are not limited in any way, and the functions of the first material conveying device and the second material conveying device can be realized. In a particular embodiment, the first and second material handlers may be truss robots with different jaws. The third material transporting device can be an AGV.

The working process of the wheel set preassembly system is described as an example below:

the first material transporting device transports a pair of the wheels 50 or the brake discs to be assembled to the first pre-loading device 100 and the second pre-loading device 200, respectively. The master control system 20 controls the first pre-pressing driving assembly 130 and the second pre-pressing driving assembly 230 to work according to the information of the wheel 50 or the brake disc, drives the first transmission assembly 120 and the second transmission assembly 220 to move, drives the first clamping assembly 110 and the second clamping assembly 210 to move oppositely, and reaches a pre-pressing position corresponding to the information of the wheel 50 or the brake disc. Meanwhile, the master control system 20 finely adjusts the position of the wheel 50 or the brake disc by controlling the first clamping driving assembly 116 and the second clamping driving assembly 216 to work, so as to realize the centering of the wheel 50 or the brake disc on both sides.

The diameter of the axle 40 is assumed to be 165 mm. The general control system 20 controls the lifting structure of the axle receiving device 30 to move to a loading position according to the axle model information, the diameter and other information of the axle 40 (when the diameter of the axle 40 is 165mm, the loading position is the position of the axle center of the axle 40 from the height of the ground A). The second material conveying device conveys the axle 40 with the diameter of 165mm to the axle material receiving device 30, and places the axle 40 on the lifting structure 310. The lifting structure 320 drives the lifting structure 310 to lift. When the lifting structure 310 touches the zero-position switch, the total control system 20 obtains the initial height B of the support arm from the ground. The general control system 20 calculates a distance difference from the current position to the target position, and controls the lifting structure 320 to lift according to the distance difference. The target position is a centering position of a wheel or a brake disc pre-pressed corresponding to the axle 40, which is determined according to the type and the size of the axle. The lifting structure 310 moves to the height of the axle 40 from the ground by 900mm on a vertical rail, so that the coaxiality of the wheel 50 or the brake disc to be preassembled is within 0.3mm, and the wheel 50 or the brake disc can smoothly penetrate into the axle 40.

After the wheels 50 or brake discs on both sides smoothly penetrate the axle 40, the lifting structure 320 drives the lifting structure 310 to lift to a blanking position (when the diameter of the axle 40 is 165mm, the blanking position is the position where the axle center of the axle 40 is at the height C from the ground). At this time, the second material conveying device is communicated, so that the second material conveying device walks to the position below the lifting structure 310 of the axle material receiving device 30, and after the second material conveying device is in place, the lifting structure 310 of the axle material receiving device 30 is controlled to move downwards to a height of 830mm from the ground to the center of the axle 40 with the diameter of 165 mm. At this time, the axle 40 is placed on the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 of the second material conveying device, the lifting structure 310 avoids the lowest end of the axle 40, and the second material conveying device conveys the pre-assembled wheel pair to the next station, namely, the wheel axle press-fitting machine, and performs press-fitting. The height of the feeding position A, the height of the initial position B and the height of the blanking position C are different in the embodiment.

It should be noted that the pre-loading position, the target position, the unloading position, and the position where the second material transporting device is abutted to the lifting structure, etc. of different types of axles are calculated and determined according to the information of the wheels 50 or the brake discs, and the axles 40. The calculation method is not limited, and can be selected according to actual requirements, and the application aims to protect the structures, connection relations and the like of the wheel set pre-assembly equipment and system.

In another embodiment, when the axle 40 with other diameters is centered, position compensation calculation may be performed according to a diameter difference between the diameter of the other axle 40 and the diameter of the axle 40 of 165mm, so as to obtain a centering position, a loading and unloading position, and the like of the axle 40 with the diameter, and then adjustment is performed according to the obtained position information, so as to achieve pre-assembly of the wheel set. Therefore, the accuracy of position calculation can be improved, and the efficiency of position calculation and adjustment can be improved.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A wheel set preassembly apparatus, comprising:

the axle receiving device is used for placing an axle to be assembled;

2. The wheel pair preassembly apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the axle receiver comprises:

the lifting structure is used for lifting the axle;

3. The wheel-pair preassembly apparatus of claim 2, wherein the lifting structure comprises:

the bearing lead screw is rotationally connected with the supporting component;

4. The wheel-pair preassembly apparatus of claim 3, wherein the lifting structure comprises:

5. The wheel-pair preassembly apparatus of claim 3, wherein the lifting structure further comprises:

6. The wheel-pair preassembly apparatus of claim 2, wherein the lifting structure comprises:

the supporting frame is mechanically connected with the lifting structure;

7. The wheel-pair preassembly apparatus of claim 6, wherein the lifting structure further comprises:

8. The wheel-pair preassembly apparatus of claim 6, wherein the lifting structure comprises:

9. The wheel-pair preassembly apparatus of claim 8, wherein the support arm comprises:

10. The wheel-pair preassembly apparatus of claim 9, wherein the lift structure further comprises:

11. The wheel-pair preassembly apparatus of claim 10, wherein the lateral positioning assembly comprises:

12. The wheel-pair preassembly apparatus of claim 6, wherein the lifting structure further comprises:

13. The wheel-pair pre-assembly apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pre-press fitting device comprises:

a clamping assembly;

14. The wheel-pair pre-assembly apparatus of claim 13, wherein the pre-press assembly device further comprises:

15. The wheel-pair preassembly apparatus of claim 14, wherein the clamping assembly comprises:

the upper clamping shaft group is arranged on the upper clamping disc;

the lower clamping shaft group is arranged on the lower clamping disc;

16. The wheel pair pre-assembly apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the upper clamping shaft set and the lower clamping shaft set each include 2 wheel clamping shafts arranged at intervals, and the clamping shafts are used for clamping the wheels.

17. The wheel pair pre-assembly equipment according to claim 16, wherein the upper clamping shaft set and the lower clamping shaft set each further include 2 brake disc clamping shafts which are arranged at intervals and detachably mounted, and the brake disc clamping shafts are used for clamping brake discs.

18. The wheel pair pre-assembly apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the pre-press mounting device comprises:

a first pre-loading device;

19. The wheel-pair pre-assembly apparatus of claim 18, further comprising:

20. A wheel set preassembly system, comprising:

the wheel pair pre-assembly apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 19;

the second material conveying device is used for conveying the axle;