CN211697286U - Simulation roof rock stratum gyration rupture loading device - Google Patents
Simulation roof rock stratum gyration rupture loading device Download PDFInfo
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- CN211697286U CN211697286U CN202020197335.8U CN202020197335U CN211697286U CN 211697286 U CN211697286 U CN 211697286U CN 202020197335 U CN202020197335 U CN 202020197335U CN 211697286 U CN211697286 U CN 211697286U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a simulation roof rock stratum gyration loading device that breaks relates to mining simulation technical field. The simulated roof strata rotary breaking loading device comprises a base, a supporting frame, a fixed plate, a rotary plate and a loading oil cylinder; the base is provided with a support frame, and the upper end of the support frame is provided with a fixed plate; one side of the fixed plate is hinged with one side of the rotating plate; the base is provided with a loading oil cylinder, the loading oil cylinder is located below the rotary plate, a pressure head is arranged on the telescopic end of the loading oil cylinder, and the pressure head contacts with the lower surface of the rotary plate. The utility model has the advantages that: the simulation analysis can be carried out on the rotation deformation and fracture instability conditions of the roof rock layer above the goaf, the motion characteristics of the roof rock layer above the goaf can be accurately deduced, and the structural states of the rotation deformation and fracture instability of the roof rock layer are mastered.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a mining simulation technical field especially relates to a simulation roof rock stratum gyration loading device that breaks.
Background
The main status of coal in the primary energy structure of China will not change in the next 30 years. The coal series geological structure is characterized in that the upper layered rock stratum is approximately fixedly supported at two ends after the coal is mined, and the middle suspended rock beam structure is arranged above the goaf. Along with the propulsion of a working face, the top plate rock beam is bent and deformed under the action of an upper load, and rotates at supporting points at the peripheral end part, so that a lower coal body is extruded, the rock beam is broken after reaching critical bending deflection, and the formed dynamic load can cause dynamic pressure display of a coal wall or a section coal pillar of the working face, thereby causing underground equipment and casualties of a coal mine. Therefore, the movement characteristics of the roof strata above the goaf are analyzed, the structural states of roof strata rotation deformation and fracture instability are mastered, and the method has important practical significance and social significance for clearing the mining working face and roadway pressure display, determining the roof management and roadway support parameters of the mining working face, guiding the safety production of the mining working face and ensuring the life safety of underground operators.
Chinese patent publication No. CN108398330A discloses a dynamic load stability test system and a test method for a pillar support system, which are mainly used for simulating dynamic load instability and failure of pillar supports in a goaf, but cannot simulate rotation deformation and fracture instability of roof strata above the goaf.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a simulation roof stratum gyration loading device that breaks realizes the simulation analysis to the collecting space area top roof stratum gyration deformation and the broken unstability condition.
The utility model provides a loading device for simulating top plate rock stratum rotation breakage, which comprises a base, a supporting frame, a fixed plate, a rotating plate and a loading oil cylinder; the base is provided with a support frame, and the upper end of the support frame is provided with a fixed plate; one side of the fixed plate is hinged with one side of the rotating plate; the base is provided with a loading oil cylinder, the loading oil cylinder is located below the rotary plate, a pressure head is arranged on the telescopic end of the loading oil cylinder, and the pressure head contacts with the lower surface of the rotary plate.
Furthermore, a plurality of balancing weights can be detachably arranged on the base.
Further, an assembly space is reserved between the base and the fixing plate, and a balancing weight is arranged in the assembly space.
Further, the upper surface of base is seted up and is established the assembly groove down, and the assembly groove is seted up to the lower surface of fixed plate, assembly groove under the lower extreme embedding of balancing weight, assembly groove on the upper end embedding of balancing weight.
Furthermore, one side of the fixed plate is provided with a rotary notch with a C-shaped cross section, one side of the rotary plate is provided with a rotary column matched with the rotary notch in shape, and the rotary column is assembled in the rotary notch; when the fixed plate is flush with the rotary plate, a gap is reserved between one side of the fixed plate and one side of the rotary plate.
Furthermore, the loading oil cylinder is connected with an oil pressure pump through a hydraulic pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a simulation roof stratum gyration loading device that breaks has following characteristics and advantage:
the utility model discloses a simulation roof stratum gyration loading attachment that breaks, can be to goaf top roof stratum gyration deformation and break the unstability condition and carry out the analog analysis, can accurately infer the motion characteristic of goaf top roof stratum, grasp roof stratum gyration deformation and break the structural condition of unstability, to finding out working face and tunnel mine pressure show, confirm that working face roof management and tunnel support preferences provide the guidance, to guide working face mine pressure analysis, the propulsion speed is confirmed and rock burst, the roof comes the prediction of calamity such as pressure by a large scale, important guiding significance has.
After reading the detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings, the features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulated roof strata rotary fracturing loading device of an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a first experimental diagram of the embodiment using a simulated roof strata rotation fracture loading device, and FIG. 2 is a simplified drawing of a "loading cylinder";
FIG. 3 is a second experimental diagram of the embodiment using a simulated roof strata rotation fracture loading device, and FIG. 3 is a simplified drawing of a "loading cylinder";
FIG. 4 is a third experimental diagram of the embodiment using a simulated roof strata rotation fracture loading device, and FIG. 4 is a simplified drawing of a "loading cylinder";
fig. 5 is a fourth experimental diagram of the embodiment using a simulated roof strata rotation breaking loading device, and a simplified drawing of a "loading cylinder" is shown in fig. 5.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, a loading device for simulating roof strata rotation fracture of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in accordance with preferred embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in the embodiment, a supporting frame 2 of a rectangular parallelepiped structure is disposed in the middle of the upper surface of a base 1, and a fixing plate 3 is disposed at the upper end of the supporting frame 2. The upper surface of the base 1 is provided with a loading oil cylinder 5 at one side of the support frame 2, and the upper surface of the base 1 is detachably provided with a plurality of balancing weights 6 at the other side of the support frame 2. One side of the fixed plate 3 is hinged to one side of the pivoting plate 4. The loading oil cylinder 5 is positioned right below the rotary plate 4. The loading oil cylinder 5 is connected with an oil pressure pump through a hydraulic pipeline, and the oil pressure pump controls the lifting of the telescopic end of the loading oil cylinder 5. The telescopic end of the loading oil cylinder 5 is provided with a pressure head 51, the pressure head 51 contacts the lower surface of the rotary plate 4, and the pressure head 51 drives the rotary plate 4 to rotate.
The stress state of the coal body under different rotation angles and breakage positions of the top plate is analyzed by adjusting the rotation axis 41 of the rotation plate 4, the position of the prefabricated crack 71 on the rock plate test piece 7 and the relative position of the raw coal test piece 8 to form different top plate breakage position combinations and controlling the rotation angle of the rotation plate 4.
In order to prevent the rotation plate 4 from causing the dislocation of the whole device due to the extrusion of the rock plate test piece 7 (simulating a low-position thick hard rock stratum) in the rotation process, a plurality of balancing weights 6 are detachably arranged on the upper surface of the base 1, and the stability of the device in the test process is ensured.
The preferred scheme that a plurality of balancing weight 6 can be dismantled to the upper surface of base 1 does: an assembly space is reserved between the base 1 and the fixing plate 3, and a balancing weight 6 is arranged in the assembly space. The upper surface of base 1 is opened and is established the assembly groove down, and the assembly groove is seted up on the lower surface of fixed plate 3, and the assembly groove is gone up in the lower extreme embedding of balancing weight 6, the upper end embedding of balancing weight 6. Assembling the weight block 6 in the assembling space, inserting the weight block 6 into the lower assembling groove and the upper assembling groove from one side of the base 1 and the fixing plate 3, and pushing the weight block 6 into the assembling space; the weight block 6 is detached from the assembly space by pushing out the weight block 6 from one side of the base 1 and the fixing plate 3.
The rotary plate 4 can be provided as a hard thick steel plate or a synthetic hard high-strength material plate. Specifically, through material ratio experiment, when coal body unipolar compressive strength and the thick hard rock stratum unipolar compressive strength of high position differed great, the thick hard rock stratum of high position can be seen as the rigidity, and it can not take place extrusion deformation and gather elastic deformation ability in the gyration deformation process promptly, and the energy of its rupture in-process release only is the elastic energy of the thick hard rock stratum of high position self, and gyration board 4 this moment can set up to the gyration deformation of the thick hard rock stratum of thick hard steel plate simulation high position. When the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal body is smaller than that of the high-position thick hard rock stratum, the high-position thick hard rock stratum cannot be regarded as a rigid material, elastic energy can be accumulated due to deformation in the process of rotating and deforming and extruding the coal body, the energy released when the high-position thick hard rock stratum is broken and unstable also comprises the elastic energy accumulated due to extrusion deformation besides the elastic energy of the high-position thick hard rock stratum, and the energy has obvious influence on the stress state analysis and stability evaluation of the coal body, so that a synthetic hard high-strength material plate with the uniaxial compressive strength similar to that of the high-position thick hard rock stratum can be selected through a material proportioning test.
The preferable scheme that one side of the fixed plate 3 is hinged with one side of the rotating plate 4 is as follows: one side of the fixed plate 3 is provided with a rotary notch, and the cross section of the rotary notch is C-shaped. A rotating column 41 is arranged on one side of the rotary plate 4, the rotating column 41 is matched with the shape of the rotary notch, and the rotating column 41 is assembled in the rotary notch. When the fixed plate 3 is flush with the rotary plate 4, a gap is left between one side of the fixed plate 3 and one side of the rotary plate 4. The rotary post 41 can be rotated with respect to the rotary notch by the push of the ram 51 of the charge cylinder 5, so that the pivotal plate 4 is rotated upward with respect to the fixed plate 3.
It should be noted that the rotary column 41 can be easily assembled and disassembled with the rotary slot. The rotary column 41 is inserted into the rotary column 41 from one side of the rotary notch, so that the assembly of the rotary column 41 and the rotary notch is realized; the rotary post 41 is pushed out from the rotary notch to effect the detachment of the rotary post 41 from the rotary notch. The rotary column 41 can be easily assembled and disassembled with the rotary notch, which facilitates the replacement of the rotary plate 4 (hard thick steel plate or synthetic hard high-strength material plate) of different materials.
The loading oil cylinder 5 adopts a large-capacity thick-upright-column slow-resistance-increasing oil cylinder, is matched with an adjustable oil pressure pump to serve as a driving device for rotary deformation and fracture instability of the rotary plate 4, and realizes analog control of the load action type of the top plate rock stratum on the upper portion of the coal bed by controlling the lifting height of the telescopic end of the loading oil cylinder 5 and the action area of the upper portion pressure head 51.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 5, the embodiment provides a simulated roof strata rotation fracture test method, which applies the simulated roof strata rotation fracture loading device, and includes the following steps:
step one, on-site sampling and sample processing preparation
And (3) obtaining a large-size coal sample and a rock sample on a coal mine site, wherein the size of the coal rock sample is not less than 300mm multiplied by 250mm, wrapping and sealing the coal rock sample, and conveying the coal rock sample to a laboratory.
The coal sample is processed into a cube of about 150mm x 150mm by adopting equipment such as a rock cutting machine, a vertical core drilling machine, a double-end-face stone grinding machine and the like. The coal sample is processed into a raw coal sample 8, a slot 81 is arranged on one side surface of the raw coal sample to simulate a lateral goaf, a through hole is arranged on the coal sample to simulate a roadway, and the part between the slot and the through hole simulates a coal pillar.
The rock sample is processed into a cube of about 150mm x 25mm by adopting equipment such as a rock cutting machine, a vertical core drilling machine, a double-end-face stone grinding machine and the like. And (3) opening prefabricated cracks 71 with the depth of about 5mm at the positions of the long sides 1/4 and 1/2 of the rock sample to obtain a rock plate test piece 7.
Step two, placing the loading position
The simulated roof strata rotary fracture loading device is placed on a base platform of a hydraulic loading machine (universal testing machine), a rock plate test piece 7 and a raw coal test piece 8 are sequentially placed on the upper surfaces of a fixed plate 3 and a rotary plate 4, and a loading steel plate is placed on the upper surface of the raw coal test piece 8.
The loading oil cylinder 5 in the simulated roof rock stratum rotary breaking loading device is heavy in weight, and the simulated roof rock stratum rotary breaking loading device cannot be placed on the upper portion of the raw coal test piece 8 for loading according to the real coal seam occurrence conditions. Therefore, the turn plate 4, the rock plate specimen 7, and the raw coal specimen 8 are combined in this order and inverted. The rotary plate 4 is used for simulating a high-position thick hard rock stratum, the rock plate test piece 7 is used for simulating a low-position thick hard rock stratum, and the raw coal test piece 8 is used for simulating a coal bed. The rotation axis 41 of the rotary plate 4 is used for simulating the fracture position of the high-order thick hard rock formation, and the fracture is generated along the position of the prefabricated fracture 71 on the plate test piece 7 for simulating the fracture position of the low-order thick hard rock formation.
The rotation axis 41 of the revolving plate 4, the position of the prefabricated crack 71 on the rock plate test piece 7 and the relative position of the raw coal test piece 8 are adjusted to form different combinations of top plate fracture positions, and the embodiment provides the following combination forms:
in combination, referring to fig. 2, the fracture position of the high-position thick hard rock stratum and the fracture position of the low-position thick hard rock stratum are close to the lateral goaf;
combining the two steps, referring to fig. 3, wherein the fracture position of the high-position thick hard rock layer corresponds to the position of a coal pillar, and the fracture position of the low-position thick hard rock layer is close to the position of a lateral goaf;
combining the third step and referring to fig. 4, wherein the fracture position of the high-position thick hard rock stratum is close to the lateral goaf, and the fracture position of the low-position thick hard rock stratum corresponds to the coal pillar position;
and combining the coal pillar and the high-position thick hard rock layer, and referring to fig. 5, wherein the fracture position of the high-position thick hard rock layer and the fracture position of the low-position thick hard rock layer correspond to the coal pillar positions.
Step three, preloading static load
Under the combination of the top plate fracture positions set by the test, a loading end of the universal testing machine acts on a loading steel plate and applies set loading pressure to simulate a stress loading environment before the roadway is dug repeatedly.
Step four, rotary breaking loading
Under the combination of the top plate fracture positions set in the test, the telescopic end of the loading oil cylinder 5 is controlled to lift through a hydraulic pump, the pressure head 51 pushes the rotary plate 4 to rotate upwards, and the rotary plate 4 extrudes the rock plate test piece 7 and the raw coal test piece 8 so as to simulate the rotation and breakage conditions of the high-position thick hard rock stratum.
Monitoring is carried out during step three and step four,
and recording the pressure value of the loading oil cylinder 5 and the rotation angle of the rotary plate 4 at the frequency of 2 seconds per time, recording the rotation axis 41 of the rotary plate 4, the position of the prefabricated crack 71 on the rock plate test piece and the relative position of the raw coal test piece 8 under the combination of the top plate fracture position set by the test, and recording the fracture position and the fracture time of the rock plate test piece 7.
By means of a non-contact full-field strain measurement system (comprising a camera, lighting equipment and a host), a digital image correlation method is adopted for comparison and analysis, and full-field displacement and strain data of the raw coal test piece 8 and the rock plate test piece 7 in the whole process of damage are recorded.
Step five, result analysis
5.1 Strain characterization
Along with the increase of the pressure of the loading oil cylinder 5 and the increase of the rotation angle of the rotation plate 4, the changes of a horizontal displacement field, a strain field, a vertical displacement field and a strain field damaged in the whole process of the raw coal test piece 8 and the rock plate test piece 7 are analyzed under the combination of different top plate fracture positions, and the strain distribution and the change process on the raw coal test piece 8 and the rock plate test piece 7 are obtained.
5.2 analysis of the stress State of the coal pillar
And determining the stress state of the coal pillar according to the strain distribution and the change process on the raw coal test piece 8 and the rock plate test piece 7 in 5.1.
5.3 high-order formation gyration dip analysis
Under the same roof fracture position combination, when the rock plate test piece 7 fractures, the size of the rotation angle of the corresponding rotation plate 4 is reflected to reflect the rotation inclination angle of the high-position rock stratum corresponding to the collapse of the coal seam roof.
Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and the changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a simulation roof stratum gyration rupture loading device which characterized in that: comprises a base, a supporting frame, a fixed plate, a rotary plate and a loading oil cylinder;
the base is provided with a support frame, and the upper end of the support frame is provided with a fixed plate;
one side of the fixed plate is hinged with one side of the rotating plate;
the base is provided with a loading oil cylinder, the loading oil cylinder is located below the rotary plate, a pressure head is arranged on the telescopic end of the loading oil cylinder, and the pressure head contacts with the lower surface of the rotary plate.
2. The simulated roof strata rotary fracture loading device of claim 1, wherein: the base is detachably provided with a plurality of balancing weights.
3. The simulated roof strata rotary fracture loading device of claim 2, wherein: an assembly space is reserved between the base and the fixing plate, and a balancing weight is arranged in the assembly space.
4. The simulated roof strata rotary fracture loading device of claim 3, wherein: the upper surface of base is opened and is established assembly groove down, and the assembly groove is seted up to the lower surface of fixed plate, assembly groove under the lower extreme embedding of balancing weight, assembly groove on the upper end embedding of balancing weight.
5. The simulated roof strata rotary fracture loading device of claim 1, wherein: one side of the fixed plate is provided with a rotary notch with a C-shaped cross section, one side of the rotary plate is provided with a rotary column matched with the rotary notch in shape, and the rotary column is assembled in the rotary notch; when the fixed plate is flush with the rotary plate, a gap is reserved between one side of the fixed plate and one side of the rotary plate.
6. The simulated roof strata rotary fracture loading device of claim 1, wherein: the loading oil cylinder is connected with an oil pressure pump through a hydraulic pipeline.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202020197335.8U CN211697286U (en) | 2020-02-21 | 2020-02-21 | Simulation roof rock stratum gyration rupture loading device |
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| CN202020197335.8U CN211697286U (en) | 2020-02-21 | 2020-02-21 | Simulation roof rock stratum gyration rupture loading device |
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