CN211690473U - Distributed optical fiber cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf pile body lateral deformation measuring device - Google Patents
Distributed optical fiber cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf pile body lateral deformation measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN211690473U CN211690473U CN201922290127.2U CN201922290127U CN211690473U CN 211690473 U CN211690473 U CN 211690473U CN 201922290127 U CN201922290127 U CN 201922290127U CN 211690473 U CN211690473 U CN 211690473U
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Abstract
The device for measuring the lateral deformation of the pile body of the distributed optical fiber cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf comprises a strain sensing optical fiber, an optical fiber attachment protection structure and measuring equipment, wherein the strain sensing optical fiber is a flexible sheath optical fiber, and the attachment protection structure is an aluminum alloy narrow wire slot; the aluminum alloy narrow wire casings are symmetrically arranged in a group on two sides of the land side of the front wall in the horizontal and vertical directions along the main reinforcement direction of the cast-in-place pile reinforcement cage, and four aluminum alloy narrow wire casings are arranged in a cross diagonal manner; the strain sensing optical fibers are glued in the center of the aluminum alloy wire slot in parallel, and adjacent fibers form loops, wherein the two loops are total; the optical fiber penetrates out of the bottom of one wire slot and penetrates into the other wire slot by winding a stirrup at the bottom of the reinforcement cage; the optical fiber is connected to the optical fiber demodulator at the pile top through a connecting optical cable. The utility model has the characteristics of installation convenient operation, temperature self-compensation, deformation coordination ability reinforce etc, can realize single pile, many piles and many sections continuous distributed measurement, can improve measurement accuracy and measurement of efficiency by a wide margin.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a monitoring technical field of pile body structure of a cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf; in particular to a device for measuring lateral deformation and bending moment of a pile body of a cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf based on distributed optical fibers. The utility model discloses still relate to drilling bored concrete pile sheet pile pier pile body lateral deformation, moment of flexure measurement implementation method.
The patent is subsidized by a national key research plan topic ' barrier dam development and utilization theory and safety evaluation system (2018YFC1508505) ', and a national natural science foundation surface project ' settlement deformation control theory of rigid pile composite foundation under embankment ' (51579152) '.
Background
In recent years, with the deep hydration process of a sheet pile wharf structure, on the basis of a traditional sheet pile wharf structure, a form of additionally arranging a curtain-shielding pile on the land side of a front wall is adopted, so that the soil pressure of the front wall which is increased along with the excavation depth is reduced, a novel curtain-shielding sheet pile wharf structure form is formed, and the novel curtain-shielding sheet pile wharf structure form is widely applied to large-scale deep-water berth construction. The novel wharf structure is lack of mature design calculation theory and specification, and particularly, the stress and deformation properties of the front wall and the curtain shielding pile are still the key problems of structural optimization and safety control attention in the wharf construction process. At present, the lateral deformation of a pier pile body along the depth direction is obtained mainly by adopting a measuring method of arranging an inclinometer and using a movable inclinometer, and the bending moment distribution rule of the pier pile body is obtained by combining the numerical value of an interface soil pressure cell arranged along the depth. According to the method, through the deformation coordination consistency of the inclinometer pipe bound with the pile body reinforcement cage, the deep horizontal displacement of the pile body along the depth is obtained through the slope change of the inclinometer pipe, but the measurement can be carried out only once every other length of the inclinometer, and the distributed measurement requirement cannot be met. Meanwhile, it is generally assumed that lateral soil pressure values measured by two continuous soil pressure boxes are linearly changed along the depth within the same active and passive soil pressure range, or a certain depth soil pressure value is used for replacing the average value within the active and passive soil pressure area range, so that a simplified bending moment distribution rule within a pile length range is obtained, and the bending moment distribution rule of a front wall and a blind pile in the excavation process under the influence of the blind effect cannot be accurately reflected by the method. And as the deepwater structure of the sheet pile wharf is deepened, the front wall and the blind pile body are lengthened, in order to obtain more accurate pile body deformation and bending moment distribution rules, the inclinometer pipe needs to be further lengthened, and the soil pressure box needs to be arranged in an encrypted manner, so that the equipment cost and the installation difficulty are greatly increased, and in addition, the measurement errors of the inclinometer can be accumulated along with the length. The traditional point-type monitoring method cannot meet the requirement of continuous measurement of the pile body structure of the sheet pile wharf due to the technical defect of missing detection.
The distributed optical fiber has the characteristics of being distributed, strong in adaptability, long in durability, convenient to measure and the like, is not only a sensing medium, but also a transmission channel, is small in diameter, light in weight, convenient to lay and install, and easy to implant into a monitored object. By utilizing the mechanical and mathematical relationship between the optical fiber length-based optical fiber parameter measurement device and the monitored object, the functional relationship between the measured parameter and the optical fiber length position can be obtained, so that the continuous distribution information of the measured parameter in space and time can be obtained, the defect of missing detection in a point-type monitoring mode can be overcome, and the success rate and the efficiency of monitoring are improved. The distributed sensing optical fiber is directly adhered to the center of the inner side of the aluminum alloy narrow wire groove, and the aluminum alloy wire groove is respectively and symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the land side of the front wall of the reinforcement cage in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction along the length direction of the pile body. The aluminum alloy wire casing can ensure that the optical fiber is arranged along the vertical direction all the time, and the optical fiber is protected in the concrete pouring process. After the cast-in-situ bored pile is poured, because reinforced concrete and aluminum alloy are similar elastic materials, the pile body and the wire casing form a unified deformation whole, and when the pile body is subjected to bending deformation along the depth direction under the action of lateral soil pressure, the sensing optical fiber adhered in the wire casing is stretched or compressed along with the synchronous deformation of the wire casing. The strain measurement precision of the most advanced distributed optical fiber measurement technology at present can reach +/-1 mu (micro strain), the spatial resolution is 1cm, and the strain measurement with high precision and high resolution can accurately reflect the strain characteristics formed by the fact that the sensing optical fiber is stretched and compressed along the pile length direction. The strain measurement values of the sensing optical fibers which are symmetrically arranged are subjected to difference calculation, so that the influence of temperature change on the measurement values of the sensing optical fibers can be directly eliminated, and the self-compensation of the temperature is realized. By utilizing the strain difference value and the displacement boundary condition of the pile body and combining with mechanics and mathematical theories, the distribution rule of deformation and bending moment of the pile body at different depths in the horizontal and vertical directions of the land side of the front wall can be calculated. Taking an optical fiber demodulator with the strain measurement precision of +/-20 mu as an example, the method is adopted to carry out a deflection measurement test on optical fiber attachment structures with the lengths of 18m and 192m, and the test result shows that the deflection deformation measurement errors of the two structures with different lengths are respectively as follows: < + -. 0.6mm/18m and < + -. 5mm/192 m. The pile length of a general cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf is only within 50m, and the monitoring technology can control the comprehensive error of the measurement theory of the lateral horizontal displacement of the pile body to be in the mm level by combining with the current advanced optical fiber demodulator. The method can simultaneously meet the measurement requirements of continuity, distribution and high precision of the pile body structure of the cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf, and is beneficial to supplement the traditional point type deformation monitoring technology. Meanwhile, the mode of optical fiber series connection can be adopted according to actual needs, the synchronous measurement of the deformation of the multi-section pile body is realized, the measurement efficiency can be greatly improved, and the labor cost is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model discloses the required technical problem who solves, solves drilling bored concrete pile sheet pile pier pile body structure along front wall land side level, vertical direction deformation, moment of flexure distribution rule continuity, distributing type, the difficult measurement problem of high accuracy, provides a drilling bored concrete pile sheet pile pier pile body structure lateral deformation based on distributed optical fiber, moment of flexure measuring device and its measurement implementation method that corresponds. The device and the method are simple to operate and convenient to measure, and the simultaneous measurement of the pile bodies with multiple sections can be realized.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a drilling bored concrete pile sheet pile pier pile body structure lateral deformation measuring device of distributing type optic fibre, depend on protection architecture and measuring equipment including strain sensing optic fibre, its characterized in that: the strain sensing optical fiber is a flexible sheath optical fiber; the strain sensing optical fiber attachment protection structure is an aluminum alloy narrow wire groove; the aluminum alloy narrow wire casings are symmetrically arranged in a group on two sides of the land side of the front wall in the horizontal and vertical directions along the main reinforcement direction of the cast-in-place pile reinforcement cage, and four aluminum alloy narrow wire casings are arranged in a cross diagonal manner; the strain sensing optical fibers are glued in the center of the aluminum alloy wire slot in parallel, and the strain sensing optical fibers in the adjacent wire slots form loops, wherein the two loops are counted; the strain sensing optical fiber penetrates out of the bottom of one of the aluminum alloy narrow line grooves, a stirrup surrounding the bottom of the steel bar cage penetrates into the other aluminum alloy narrow line groove, and the annular optical fiber part outside the aluminum alloy narrow line groove is protected by a corrugated pipe and is approximately in a U-shaped line overall; and the strain sensing optical fiber is connected to the optical fiber demodulator at the pile top through a connecting optical cable.
The strain sensing optical fiber is a flexible sheath optical fiber; the strain sensing optical fiber should have enough flexibility, and the diameter is between 0.9mm and 6.0 mm; the strain sensing optical fiber can adapt to deformation coordination of an attached structure, has enough durability, and can meet the long-term observation requirement of deep underground on site.
The optical fiber attachment structure is of a hole-containing cover plate aluminum alloy groove structure, the width of the optical fiber attachment structure is slightly larger than the diameter of a main reinforcement of a pile body steel reinforcement cage, one side of a groove bottom plate points to the inside of the steel reinforcement cage when the optical fiber attachment structure is laid, the optical fiber attachment structure is fixed on the outer side of the steel reinforcement cage along the direction of the main reinforcement, aluminum alloy direct connecting pieces are connected among wire grooves, optical fibers in two mutually connected wire grooves are connected through optical fiber movable connectors, the total length of the optical fiber attachment structure covers the whole pile length, the length. Concrete is poured from the pile bottom to the pile top from the center of the reinforcement cage, the aluminum alloy wire casing can protect the optical fiber in the whole pouring process, and meanwhile, a gap is reserved between the side wall of the wire casing and the reinforcement, so that the sensing optical fiber can be fully contacted with concrete slurry, and a measured pile body, the sensing optical fiber and an attachment structure of the sensing optical fiber form a deformation coordination whole.
The strain sensing optical fibers are smoothly attached to the center of the wire groove along the pile length direction, four wire grooves are symmetrically arranged on the land side of the front wall in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, one optical fiber in two adjacent wire grooves forms a U-shaped loop through a bottom quarter circular arc stirrup, the optical fibers outside the wire grooves are wrapped by corrugated pipes to be protected, the part turned to the horizontal stirrup by the vertical main reinforcement needs to be in gentle transition, and the optical fiber communication is prevented from being damaged due to the overlarge bending angle. Two loop optical fibers can be connected in series to form a loop on the pile top in a welding mode for convenient measurement, and when the two loop optical fibers are connected in series, the light sensing directions of a group of optical fibers at symmetrical positions need to be kept consistent.
The strain sensing optical fiber is connected into the optical fiber demodulator through the connecting optical cable, measuring sections corresponding to pile body surface deformation on four lines which are arranged diagonally in a cross can be distinguished through the length of the optical fiber, and optical fiber data of strain changes of two groups of symmetrically arranged optical fibers in an attached structure are obtained.
The measuring method is that the land side level of the front wall of the pile body of the cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf and the two sides of the vertical direction are two groups (four in all) of aluminum alloy wire grooves arranged along the pile body in a cross diagonal manner and serve as an optical fiber attachment structure, and strain sensing optical fiber parallel glue is adhered to the center of the aluminum alloy wire grooves. When the pile body generates different deep horizontal displacements along the horizontal (or vertical) direction of the land side of the front wall, the optical fiber attachment structures arranged on the two sides of the direction synchronously generate flexural deformation along with the pile body, so that the attachment structures on the two sides of the horizontal displacement point are respectively stretched and compressed along the pile length, and the sensing optical fibers in the attachment structures are driven to be stretched and compressed. The strain characteristics formed by stretching and compressing the sensing optical fiber adhered to the attachment structure are accurately measured by a high-precision distributed optical fiber measuring technology. According to the strain difference value of the optical fibers on two sides of the same depth position, a deflection distribution curve in the length direction of the whole pile body can be calculated by combining the theory of the science and the mathematics, and the distribution rule of the lateral deformation and the bending moment along the depth of the pile body structure is obtained. The geological conditions at the same depth position on both sides of the pile body are basically the same, and the influence of temperature change on the measured value can be directly eliminated by adopting a difference value calculation method of the sensing optical fiber. Simultaneously can adopt the mode of establishing ties to measure many root piles, a plurality of sections according to actual need, improve monitoring efficiency the utility model discloses following effect has:
1. the measuring device is simple in structure processing, easy and convenient to install, efficient and convenient to measure, and capable of meeting actual engineering requirements in measuring precision.
2. According to the method, according to two groups of optical fiber strain difference values distributed in cross diagonal directions around a pile body, the distribution rules of horizontal and vertical lateral deformation and bending moment of the land side of the whole long front wall of the pile can be calculated by combining mathematics and mechanics theories. Meanwhile, the strain difference calculation method can directly eliminate the influence of temperature change on measurement.
3. According to the measuring device and the implementation method for the lateral deformation and the bending moment of the pile body structure of the cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf based on the distributed optical fibers, the sensing optical fibers are not only sensing elements but also signal transmission media, the distributed measuring requirements of the pile body can be met, the optical fibers of a plurality of piles and a plurality of sections can be connected in series according to actual needs and then measured, and the measuring efficiency is greatly improved.
4. The application field of the distributed fiber grating sensing technology measurement is expanded.
The utility model provides a drilling bored concrete pile sheet pile pier pile body structure lateral deformation, moment of flexure measuring device and implementation method of distributing type optic fibre have following technical advantage and characteristics: the advantages that the sensing optical fiber is a sensing element and a signal transmission medium are combined, high-precision, continuous and distributed measurement of lateral deformation of the pile body is achieved, and the technical defect that the traditional point type monitoring method has missed detection is overcome; self-compensation of temperature is realized by utilizing a strain difference value calculation method, and the influence of temperature change on measurement is eliminated; the equipment installation convenient operation, it is convenient to measure, can realize the simultaneous measurement of many stakes, a plurality of sections after the optic fibre is established ties, greatly improve measurement of efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1-1, fig. 1-2, and fig. 1-3 are schematic diagrams respectively illustrating the structure and installation of the device for measuring lateral deformation and bending moment of a pile body structure of a cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf using distributed optical fibers according to the present invention;
FIG. 2-1, FIG. 2-2, FIG. 2-3, and FIG. 2-4 are schematic diagrams of the optical fiber attachment structure (aluminum alloy narrow wire groove with hole cover plate) and the splicing thereof, respectively;
in the figure: 1. sensing optical fiber, 2, optical fiber attachment structure (aluminum alloy narrow wire groove), 3, bored concrete pile, 5, bored concrete pile steel reinforcement cage owner muscle, 6, wire groove contain the hole apron, 7, wire groove backplate "#" type couple, 8, aluminum alloy direct-connection spare.
Detailed Description
A device for measuring lateral deformation and bending moment of a pile body structure of a cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf based on a distributed optical fiber and an implementation method are used for monitoring the lateral deformation of the pile body structure of the cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf along the horizontal and vertical directions of the land side of a front wall. In order to make the structure, installation scheme and technical advantages of the present invention more clear, the following method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-1, fig. 1-2, fig. 1-3, the utility model discloses a pile body structure lateral deformation measuring device mainly includes strain sensing optical fiber, optic fibre and depends on structure and measuring equipment, and strain sensing optical fiber 1 is flexible sheath optic fibre, and optic fibre depends on protection architecture 2 for containing the aluminum alloy narrow wire casing of hole apron, is spliced by aluminum alloy direct-connection component 8, and measuring equipment is optic fibre demodulation appearance 4. The specific implementation mode is as follows:
before hoisting the reinforcement cage, arranging an optical fiber attachment structure around each section of reinforcement cage along the direction of a main reinforcement 5 of a cast-in-place pile 3 in a cross diagonal manner in advance, adhering strain sensing optical fibers 1 in parallel to the center of an aluminum alloy narrow wire slot 2, and connecting the sensing optical fibers in adjacent wire slots in series at the pile end to form two U-shaped loops. In-process is hung under the steel reinforcement cage, and adjustment cross diagonal direction is unanimous with the direction of being surveyed, and the wire casing passes through 7 supplementary fixes on horizontal stirrup of "U" type couple to by 8 interconnect of aluminum alloy direct-connecting piece, optic fibre passes through movable joint series, and length covers to the pile bolck along vertical direction. When the cast-in-place pile is poured, the cast-in-place pile is vibrated fully, concrete grout permeates through the cover plate 6 with the holes to completely wrap the sensing optical fiber, so that the sensing optical fiber is consistent with the deformation of the attached protection structure. And finally, two U-shaped loop strain sensing optical fibers are connected into the optical fiber demodulator 4 through a connecting optical cable, and a plurality of loops can be connected in series in advance for convenient measurement. And distinguishing optical fiber data of two sides of the pile body at symmetrical positions according to the length of the optical fiber, and combining a mathematical method to obtain the lateral deformation and bending moment distribution rules of the pile body in the horizontal and vertical directions of the land side of the front wall.
Example 1:
the distribution function of the strain difference value of the optical fiber at the symmetrical position along with the pile length Z is assumed to be omega (Z), namely omega (Z) is equal to1(z)-2(z). Due to the influence of the measurement spatial resolution and algorithm of the measuring instrument, measured distributed strain data are scattered points and are usually represented as continuous unsmooth curves after being connected. To eliminate such discreteness and non-smoothness, the distributed strain curve may be data-fitted by a curve fitting method, for example, a polynomial fitting method, with the order of 20. The difference of the strain measurements is expressed as:
ω(z)＝p1·z20+p2·z19+L+pn·z21-n+L+p20·z+p21
where ω (z) is the distribution curve of the fitted strain measurement difference, pi(i-1-21) are coefficients of the fitted polynomial function,
the expression of the lateral deformation distribution curve combined with the material mechanics is as follows:
the expression of the bending moment distribution curve is as follows:
in the calculation example, the distribution function of the bending deformation of the optical fiber attachment structure can be calculated according to the strain value theoretically by using the calculation method, so that the lateral deformation and the bending moment variation of the pile body in the horizontal and vertical directions of the land side of the front wall can be obtained.
The above embodiment of the present invention is only used for explaining the calculation method, and is not used for limiting the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to this calculation method.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a distributing type optical fiber drilling bored concrete pile sheet pile pier pile body lateral deformation measuring device, depends on protection architecture and measuring equipment including strain sensing optical fiber, optic fibre, its characterized in that: the strain sensing optical fiber is a flexible sheath optical fiber; the strain sensing optical fiber attachment protection structure is an aluminum alloy narrow wire groove; the aluminum alloy narrow wire casings are symmetrically arranged in a group on two sides of the land side of the front wall in the horizontal and vertical directions along the main reinforcement direction of the cast-in-place pile reinforcement cage, and four aluminum alloy narrow wire casings are arranged in a cross diagonal manner; the strain sensing optical fibers are glued in the center of the aluminum alloy wire slot in parallel, and the strain sensing optical fibers in the adjacent wire slots form loops, wherein the two loops are counted; the strain sensing optical fiber penetrates out of the bottom of one of the aluminum alloy narrow wire slots, and a stirrup surrounding the bottom of the steel bar cage penetrates into the other aluminum alloy narrow wire slot; and the strain sensing optical fiber is connected to the optical fiber demodulator at the pile top through a connecting optical cable.
2. The device for measuring the lateral deformation of the pile body of the distributed optical fiber cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the strain sensing optical fiber is between 0.9mm and 6.0 mm; the strain sensing optical fiber can adapt to deformation coordination of an attachment structure and can meet field durability and survivability.
3. The device for measuring the lateral deformation of the pile body of the distributed optical fiber cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf according to claim 1, wherein: the top end of the optical fiber attachment protection structure back plate is provided with an inverted U-shaped hook, so that the optical fiber attachment protection structure is hung on a stirrup to keep vertical and adjust the position of the stirrup when being installed.
4. The device for measuring the lateral deformation of the pile body of the distributed optical fiber cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf according to claim 1, wherein: the annular optical fiber part outside the aluminum alloy narrow line groove is protected by a corrugated pipe and is generally U-shaped.
5. The device for measuring the lateral deformation of the pile body of the distributed optical fiber cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf according to claim 1, wherein: and distinguishing the measuring sections corresponding to the surface deformation of the pile body on the two U-shaped loops through the length of the optical fiber to obtain the strain change data of the two groups of symmetrical optical fiber attachment structures along the pile length direction.
6. The device for measuring the lateral deformation of the pile body of the distributed optical fiber cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf according to claim 1, wherein: the optical fiber attachment structure is of a hole-containing cover plate aluminum alloy groove structure, the width of the optical fiber attachment structure is slightly larger than the diameter of a main reinforcement of a pile body steel reinforcement cage, one side of a groove bottom plate points to the inside of the steel reinforcement cage during arrangement, the optical fiber attachment structure is fixed on the outer side of the steel reinforcement cage along the direction of the main reinforcement, aluminum alloy direct connecting pieces are connected among wire grooves, optical fibers in two mutually connected wire grooves are connected through optical fiber movable connectors, and the total length of the optical fiber attachment.
7. The device for measuring the lateral deformation of the pile body of the distributed optical fiber cast-in-situ bored pile sheet pile wharf according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: concrete is poured from the pile bottom to the pile top from the center of the reinforcement cage, the aluminum alloy wire casing plays a role in protecting the optical fiber in the whole pouring process, and meanwhile, a gap is reserved between the side wall of the wire casing and the reinforcement, so that the sensing optical fiber is fully contacted with concrete slurry, and the measured pile body, the sensing optical fiber and the attachment structure thereof form a deformation coordination whole.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114562950A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-31 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Umbilical cable-shaped monitoring system and device for underwater cooperative operation |
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| CN114562950A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-31 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Umbilical cable-shaped monitoring system and device for underwater cooperative operation |
| CN114562950B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-08-15 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Umbilical cable-shaped monitoring system and device for underwater collaborative operation |
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