CN211680045U - Quick cutter falling device of lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a quick cutter-falling device of a lathe, which comprises a bottom plate, an upper cover and a cutter bracket, wherein one end of the cutter bracket is provided with a cutter bar, and the other end is provided with a groove; the upper end surface of the bottom plate is provided with a spring guide post, a spring is sleeved on the spring guide post, the upper end surface of the spring guide post is provided with a top plate, the top plate is tightly contacted with one end of the cutter bracket, a spring pressure rod is arranged above the top plate, and the spring pressure rod penetrates through the upper cover and is connected with a pressure rod handle; a left side plate and a right side plate are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the bottom plate, upper covers are arranged on the upper end surfaces of the left side plate and the right side plate, and a cutter bracket and a cutter rest supporting rod are arranged between the left side plate and the right side plate from top to bottom; one end of the knocking plate is closely adjacent to the tool rest supporting rod and is positioned between the right side plate and the left side plate, and the other end of the knocking plate penetrates through the spring guide post to extend to the outside of the bottom plate. The tool changing device has the advantages of safe and convenient operation, small impact, short resetting operation time, convenient tool changing, stable and reliable tool support, no interference between a tool tip and a workpiece when the tool is dropped, no damage to the root of cutting scraps and capability of quickly and effectively realizing the tool dropping.

Description

Quick cutter falling device of lathe

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of cutting processing and relates to a quick cutter falling device for a lathe.

Background

The quick cutter-dropping device for the lathe is a common device for researching the deformation of metal chips, has the function of acquiring the root of the chip, and is used for researching the relevant phenomena of a cutter, the chips and a processed surface in the cutting process, such as built-up edges, scale thorns, metal deformation in the front area of a cutting edge, chip deformation, influence of the edge area on the processed surface and the like. In order to enable the obtained chip root specimen to be closer to the real state of the cutter before cutting, the quick cutter-falling device must be designed by considering that the cutter-falling acceleration is large enough, the separation time of the cutter and the workpiece is short as possible, the motion trail of the cutter point is reasonable during cutter-falling, and the influence on the chip root is minimum in the separation process of the cutter and the workpiece.

The fast cutter-dropping device for the lathe which is usually adopted at present is a hand hammer type fast cutter-dropping device, a gun striking type fast cutter-dropping device and an explosion type fast cutter-dropping device. The hand hammer type rapid cutter falling device vibrates greatly when a hand hammer knocks, so that cutting of a cutter is influenced, and the precision of a machine tool is influenced; the gun striking type quick cutter-dropping device utilizes a nail gun as a firing power source, utilizes the explosive force of gunpowder in a nail-shooting bullet to push a piston rod and a steel nail loaded in a gun barrel to move at a high speed, and the piston rod and the bullet which move at the high speed impact a cutter-dropping block fixedly connected with a turning tool to realize quick cutter-dropping. Due to the complex operation of the explosive type quick cutter falling device, the explosive dosage and the shearing force required by pin breakage are difficult to calculate accurately, and the explosive type quick cutter falling device is difficult to popularize due to the poor safety, the high noise and the like. In addition, the quick cutter-dropping device is destructive to parts clamped by the cutter, the clamping structure of a lathe cutter rest needs to be changed, the time for replacing the cutter during repeated cutting tests is long, and the interchangeability of the device is poor.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

For overcoming above-mentioned technical problem, this application provides one kind and strikes for a short time, and the reset operation time is short, and the tool changing is swift convenient, and tool support is reliable and stable, and the knife tip does not interfere with the work piece during the cutter falling, does not destroy the smear metal root, can realize the quick cutter falling device of lathe of cutter falling fast effectively. The technical proposal is that the method comprises the following steps,

a quick tool setting device of a lathe comprises a bottom plate, an upper cover and a tool support, wherein one end of the tool support is provided with a tool bar, and the other end of the tool support is provided with a groove; the upper end surface of the bottom plate is provided with a spring guide post, a spring is sleeved on the spring guide post, the upper end surface of the spring guide post is provided with a top plate, the top plate is tightly contacted with one end of the cutter support provided with a groove, a spring compression bar is arranged in the groove of the cutter support, and the spring compression bar penetrates through the upper cover and is connected with a compression bar handle; a left side plate and a right side plate are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the bottom plate, upper covers are arranged on the upper end surfaces of the left side plate and the right side plate, and a cutter bracket and a cutter rest supporting rod are arranged between the left side plate and the right side plate from top to bottom; the bottom plate is provided with a knocking plate, a spring guide post and a tool rest support rod from left to right; one end of the knocking plate is closely adjacent to the tool rest supporting rod and is positioned between the right side plate and the left side plate, and the other end of the knocking plate penetrates through the spring guide post to extend to the outside of the bottom plate.

Preferably, the tool support is fixed on the left side plate and the right side plate through a tool rest supporting bolt, and a tool rest limiting bolt is arranged above the tool rest supporting bolt and used for limiting the maximum rotation angle of the tool support.

Preferably, the right side plate is provided with a first arc-shaped groove and a second arc-shaped groove.

Preferably, the cutter bar is clamped in the cutter support through a transverse positioning bolt, a longitudinal positioning bolt and a vertical positioning bolt, and the transverse positioning bolt is located in the first arc-shaped groove.

Preferably, the knife rest supporting rod is fixed on the left side plate and the right side plate through supporting rod bolts, and a supporting rod limiting bolt is arranged in the second arc-shaped groove and used for limiting the maximum rotating angle of the knife rest supporting rod.

Preferably, the top sheet is of a T-shaped structure, the top sheet is in contact with the cutter support and is designed to be an arc surface, and the lower surface of the cutter support is a plane.

Preferably, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the tool rest supporting rod are both designed into arc shapes, and the circle center is positioned at the rotating center of the tool rest supporting rod; the rotation center of the tool rest support rod deviates from the gravity center position.

Preferably, a left side plate fixing block and a right side plate fixing block are arranged on the bottom plate, and the knife rest supporting rod is vertically arranged in the left side plate fixing block and the right side plate fixing block.

Advantageous effects

1) The utility model discloses a cutter arbor clamping is in the cutter holder, and the spring realizes the action of falling the sword through applying the effort to the cutter holder, avoids spring force direct action to produce bad effect to the cutter point motion on the cutter arbor.

2) The cutter arbor passes through horizontal, vertical positioning bolt complete fixed clamping in the cutter support, does not have the requirement to the cutter arbor shape, and most cutter arbor on the market all can change the dress and press from both sides in the cutter support, can change blade or cutter arbor in a flexible way.

3) For the movement of the spring, the guide post is adopted for guiding, so that the instability of the spring in the movement process can be avoided.

4) In the utility model, all the swinging mechanisms, namely the tool support and the tool rest support rod, adopt the eccentric structure design, firstly, the rotation speed of the far end of the rotation center of the mechanism is improved by utilizing the principle of the circular motion speed; secondly, the position of the gravity center deviates from the rotation center, the position of the gravity center is arranged at one side of the far end of the rotation center, the gravity is also converted into the driving force of the rotation of the cutter support, and under the same elasticity, higher rotation acceleration can be obtained.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 2 when the knife is off;

FIG. 4 is a striking plate position diagram;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the tool holder;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the tool holder;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a spring guide post structure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a topsheet structure;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the present application after the cutting operation;

wherein: 1. the tool comprises a pressure lever handle, 2 parts of a spring pressure lever, 3 parts of a tool rest limiting bolt, 4 parts of a tool rest supporting bolt, 5 parts of an upper cover, 6 parts of a tool support, 7 parts of a tool bar, 8 parts of a vertical positioning bolt, 9 parts of a tool rest supporting rod, 10 parts of a bottom plate, 11 parts of a longitudinal positioning bolt, 12 parts of a spring, 13 parts of a top plate, 14 parts of a spring guide post, 1401 parts of a base, 15 parts of a fixing bolt, 16 parts of a supporting rod bolt, 17 parts of a knocking plate, 18 parts of a right side plate, 19 parts of a left side plate, 20 parts of a supporting rod limiting bolt, 21 parts of a positioning shaft sleeve, 22 parts of a transverse positioning bolt, 23 parts of a first arc-shaped groove, 24 parts of.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, as shown in FIGS. 1-9:

a lathe quick tool setting device comprises a spring mechanism, a bottom plate 10, an upper cover 5 and a tool support 6; a spring mechanism spring 12, a top plate 13 and a spring guide post 14; one end of the cutter bracket 6 is provided with a cutter bar 7, and the other end is provided with a U-shaped groove; a spring guide post 14 is arranged on the upper end face of the bottom plate 10, a spring 12 is sleeved on the spring guide post 14, the spring guide post 14 is of a cavity structure, a first groove is formed in the upper end face of the spring guide post, a top plate 13 is arranged in the first groove, the top plate 13 is in close contact with the bottom of one end, opposite to the cutter mounting rod 7, of the cutter support, the bottom of a spring pressing rod 2 is located in a U-shaped groove of the cutter support 6, and the upper end of the spring pressing rod 2 penetrates through an upper cover 5 and is; the left side and the right side of the bottom plate 10 are respectively provided with a right side plate 18 and a left side plate 19, the upper end surfaces of the right side plate 18 and the left side plate 19 are provided with an upper cover 5, and a cutter bracket 6 and a cutter rest supporting rod 9 are arranged between the right side plate 18 and the left side plate 19 from top to bottom; the bottom plate 10 is provided with a knocking plate 17, a spring guide post 14 and a tool rest support rod 9 from left to right, one end of the knocking plate 17 is closely adjacent to the bottom of the tool rest support rod 9 and is positioned between a right side plate 18 and a left side plate 19, and the other end of the knocking plate 17 penetrates through the spring guide post 14 and extends to the outside of the bottom plate 10.

The cutter support 6 is fixed on the right side plate 18 and the left side plate 19 through a cutter rest support bolt 4, and a positioning shaft sleeve 21 is arranged on the cutter rest support bolt 4 and used for axially positioning the cutter support 6; and a tool rest limiting bolt 3 is arranged above the tool rest supporting bolt 4 and used for limiting the maximum rotation angle of the tool support 6. The rotation amplitude of the cutter support 6 is limited by the cutter frame limiting bolt 3, the maximum rotation angle of the cutter support 6 is not more than 8 degrees, after the cutter bar 7 finishes clamping, the distance between the cutter point and the axis of the cutter frame supporting bolt 4 is at least 200mm, and therefore the arc length formula is adopted

l＝nπr/180

Wherein n is a central angle, r is a radius, and the shortest arc length of the knife tip movement is 30mm, which is enough to complete the knife withdrawing action;

consider the movement track of knife tip must be reasonable, and the knife tip falls the sword in-process and accords with the cosine motion law in the motion of projection on the horizontal plane, then the design mounted position of cutter must enable the position of knife tip not be higher than knife rest stay bolt 4's axle center in vertical direction, the utility model discloses a knife tip position will be less than knife rest stay bolt 4 axle centers on vertical direction, like this the cutter is at the sword in-process that falls, and the work piece machined surface can be kept away from all the time to this assurance is not hindered with machined surface.

In the embodiment, the right side plate 18 is provided with a first arc-shaped groove 23 and a second arc-shaped groove 24, the cutter bar 7 is clamped in the cutter bracket 6 through a transverse positioning bolt 22, a longitudinal positioning bolt 11 and a vertical positioning bolt 8, and the transverse positioning bolt 22 is positioned in the first arc-shaped groove 23 to realize transverse positioning of the cutter bar 7; the knife rest supporting rod 9 is fixed on the left side plate 18 and the right side plate 19 through a supporting rod bolt 16, a supporting rod limiting bolt 20 is positioned in the second arc-shaped groove 24, and the second arc-shaped groove 24 is used for limiting the knife rest supporting rod 9; the support bar limit bolt 20 penetrates through the left side plate 18, the tool rest support bar 9 and the right side plate 19 and is used for limiting the maximum rotation angle of the tool rest support bar 9.

The top plate 13 is of a T-shaped structure, the contact surface of the top plate and the cutter support 6 is designed to be an arc surface, the lower surface of the cutter support 6 is a plane, and the acting force of the arc surface to the plane is always perpendicular to the plane and points to the plane, so that the cutter support 6 can be stably stressed to complete the cutter withdrawing action in the rotating cutter withdrawing process.

The upper end surface and the lower end surface of the tool rest supporting rod 9 are both designed into arc shapes, and the circle center is positioned on the rotating center of the tool rest supporting rod 9; the center of rotation of the tool holder support rod 9 is offset from its center of gravity. According to the circular motion speed law, the contact ends of the tool rest supporting rod 9 and the tool support 6 can be separated more quickly, the tool rest supporting rod 9 can be naturally laid under the action of gravity after being separated from the tool support 6, a rotating space is reserved for the tool support 6, and the tool support 6 and the tool rest supporting rod 9 are prevented from interfering in the tool falling process.

Be equipped with right side board fixed block 25 and left side board fixed block 26 on bottom plate 10, strike board 17 one end and be located left side board fixed block 26 and right side board fixed block 25 in, left side board fixed block 26 and right side board fixed block 25 except being convenient for fixed right side board 18 and left side board 19, can also act as the track when striking board 17 motion to it rocks to effectual restriction.

The spring 12 is correspondingly arranged on one sides of the right side plate 18 and the left side plate 19, the openings are formed in the sides, where the spring 12 is arranged, of the right side plate 18 and the left side plate 19, the knocking plate 17 and the spring 12 are located at the openings, so that the spring 12 is convenient to maintain and replace, the spring guide column 14 is provided with a circular base 1401, and the base 1401 is installed in a circular groove II of the bottom plate 10.

One end of the knocking plate 17 is provided with a U-shaped groove, the spring guide post 14 penetrates through the U-shaped groove, and the other end of the knocking plate 17 is in close contact with the tool rest support rod 9.

The working principle is as follows:

the tool rest is characterized in that a pressure lever handle 1 is rotated, the pressure lever handle 1 drives a spring pressure lever 2 to rotate and downwards press a top sheet 13, the top sheet 13 downwards presses a spring 12, the spring 12 provides huge elastic force for a tool rest 6 to complete a tool falling action, the tool rest 6 is manually pressed to the horizontal position until the spring 12 is pressed to be lower than the horizontal position, meanwhile, a tool rest support rod 9 in an inclined state is shifted to a limit position by a manual swing support rod limiting bolt 20, at the moment, the spring mechanism stores force, and one end, close to a workpiece, of the tool rest 6 is supported by the tool rest support rod 9 and limits the rotation of the tool rest 6;

then the compression bar handle 1 is rotated reversely to drive the spring compression bar 2 to withdraw, the elastic force of the spring mechanism is gradually applied to the cutter bracket 6 in the withdrawing process, when the spring compression bar 2 is completely withdrawn, the elastic force of the spring mechanism is completely applied to the cutter bracket 6, at the moment, one end of the cutter bracket 6 far away from the workpiece bears huge elastic force, one end close to the workpiece is supported by the cutter rest support rod 9 and limits the rotation of the cutter bracket 6 to fall,

the knocking plate 17 is placed between the left side plate 19 and the right side plate 18 from one side of the spring mechanism, in the workpiece cutting process, when a chip root needs to be obtained, external force is applied to the knocking plate 17, the knocking plate 17 impacts the lower end of the tool rest supporting rod 9, the tool rest supporting rod 9 rotates around the supporting rod bolt 16, when the tool rest supporting rod 9 rotates for a certain angle, the tool support 6 loses support, and the tool support 6 achieves quick tool falling and obtains the chip root under the action of huge elastic force of the spring mechanism far away from one end of the workpiece, as shown in fig. 9.

After the completion of the knife falling, the press rod handle 1 is rotated once more to press the tool support 6 to the horizontal position, then the tool support 6 is manually pressed to the horizontal position, meanwhile, the tool rest support rod 9 in the toppling state is stirred to the limit position by the limiting bolt 20 of the manual swing support rod, the press rod handle 1 is reversely rotated to drive the spring press rod 2 to withdraw, the tool rest support rod 9 can push back to knock the knock plate 17 at the same time in the lower part of the tool rest support rod 9 in the process of swinging reset, and the knock plate 17 is reset in the lump. Thus, the reset of the whole device is completed, and the reset device can complete the next knife falling action.

Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and the changes, modifications, additions or replacements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A quick tool setting device of a lathe is characterized by comprising a bottom plate, an upper cover and a tool support, wherein one end of the tool support is provided with a tool bar, and the other end of the tool support is provided with a groove; the upper end face of the bottom plate is provided with a spring guide post, a spring is sleeved on the spring guide post, the upper end face of the spring guide post is provided with a top plate, the top plate is tightly contacted with one end of the cutter support provided with a groove, a spring compression rod is arranged in the groove of the cutter support, and the spring compression rod penetrates through the upper cover and is connected with a compression rod handle; a left side plate and a right side plate are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the bottom plate, upper covers are arranged on the upper end surfaces of the left side plate and the right side plate, and a cutter bracket and a cutter rest supporting rod are arranged between the left side plate and the right side plate from top to bottom; the bottom plate is provided with a knocking plate, a spring guide post and a tool rest support rod from left to right; one end of the knocking plate is closely adjacent to the tool rest supporting rod and located between the right side plate and the left side plate, and the other end of the knocking plate penetrates through the spring guide column to extend to the outside of the bottom plate.

2. The lathe quick tool setting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tool holder is fixed to the left side plate and the right side plate by a tool holder support bolt, and a tool holder limit bolt is provided above the tool holder support bolt for limiting the maximum rotation angle of the tool holder.

3. The lathe fast tool setting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the right side plate is provided with a first arc-shaped groove and a second arc-shaped groove.

4. The lathe quick tool setting device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the tool bar is clamped in the tool holder by a transverse positioning bolt, a longitudinal positioning bolt and a vertical positioning bolt, and the transverse positioning bolt is positioned in the first arc-shaped groove.

5. The lathe quick tool setting device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the tool rest support bar is fixed on the left side plate and the right side plate through support bar bolts, and a support bar limiting bolt is arranged in the second arc-shaped groove and used for limiting the maximum rotation angle of the tool rest support bar.

6. The lathe quick tool setting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top plate is of a T-shaped structure, the contact surface with the tool support is designed to be a circular arc surface, and the lower surface of the tool support is a plane surface.

7. The lathe quick tool setting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the tool rest support rod are both designed to be circular arc-shaped, and the center of the circle is located at the rotation center of the tool rest support rod; the rotation center of the tool rest support rod deviates from the gravity center position.

8. The lathe quick tool setting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom plate is provided with a left side plate fixing block and a right side plate fixing block, and the tool rest support rod is vertically positioned in the left side plate fixing block and the right side plate fixing block.

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