CN210125921U

CN210125921U - Micro-knife grinding machine

Info

Publication number: CN210125921U
Application number: CN201920707483.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈坚
Original assignee: TONGXIANG SANJING AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: TONGXIANG SANJING AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-05-17
Filing date: 2019-05-17
Publication date: 2020-03-06
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-17

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tool machining, in particular to a micro-knife grinding machine, which comprises a grinding machine body, a material chuck and a grinding wheel which are arranged on the grinding machine body, wherein two material trays are arranged on the grinding machine body side by side, a first track is arranged at the side edge of each material tray along the side direction of the material tray, a second track which is perpendicular to the first track is arranged on the first track, a rotating mechanism is arranged on the second track, a telescopic mechanism is arranged on a rotating shaft, two clamping jaw mechanisms are arranged at the end part of the telescopic mechanism side by side, and the micro-knife grinding machine further comprises a pressing mechanism and a movable supporting mechanism which are arranged on the grinding machine body at the lower end in front of the material chuck, can realize the automatic clamping of the feeding and discharging of a micro-knife, the automatic clamping on the material chuck, and simultaneously support the micro-knife in the machining process through reasonable structural design, and the supported angle can be adjusted in multiple dimensions, the assembly machining precision is high, and the machining efficiency is high.

Description

Micro-knife grinding machine

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the machine tool machining technique and specifically relates to a little sword grinding machine.

Background

In the prior art, when a micro-cutter is ground on a five-axis grinding machine, the micro-cutter is clamped manually through manual operation, so that the clamping efficiency is low, the precision in the clamping process is poor, and the product quality and the grinding stability can be seriously influenced.

In addition, in the machining process, because the micro cutter is a long-strip-shaped component, a long end can be exposed outside after the mechanical arm is clamped on the material chuck, and if no supporting mechanism is arranged, the micro cutter can be strongly shaken in the grinding process to influence the machining precision.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at solving the not enough of above-mentioned technique and providing a realize the efficient little sword grinding machine of automatic clamping and clamping.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model relates to a micro-knife grinder, which comprises a grinder body, a material chuck and a grinding wheel which are arranged on the grinder body, wherein the material chuck is used for clamping a workpiece, the grinding wheel is used for grinding the workpiece clamped on the material chuck, two material trays are arranged on the grinder body side by side, a first track is arranged on the side edge of each material tray along the side-by-side direction of the material tray, a second track which is vertical to the first track is arranged on the first track, the second track slides on the first track, a rotating mechanism is arranged on the second slide rail, the rotating shaft of the rotating mechanism is horizontally arranged, the rotating shaft is vertical to the second track, a telescopic mechanism is arranged on the rotating shaft, two clamping jaw mechanisms are arranged on the end part of the telescopic mechanism side by side, the side-by-side direction of the clamping jaw mechanisms is consistent with the side-by-side direction of the two material trays, when the rotating mechanism, the horizontal height of the clamping jaw mechanism is consistent with that of the material chuck, and the clamping jaw mechanism further comprises two independent power mechanisms, wherein one power mechanism drives the second track to move on the first track, and the other power mechanism drives the rotating mechanism to move on the second track; the material chuck clamping device is characterized by further comprising a pressing mechanism and a movable supporting mechanism which are arranged on the grinding machine body at the lower end in front of the material chuck, and the pressing mechanism and the movable supporting mechanism clamp a workpiece clamped in the material chuck.

According to the technical scheme, one material tray is used as the material storage tray before processing, the other material tray is used as the material storage tray after processing, the first guide rail and the second guide rail drive the rotating mechanism and the telescopic mechanism to move in the horizontal plane, so that the position of the clamping jaw mechanism is changed, the rotating mechanism enables the telescopic mechanism to be in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction to be switched, when the clamping jaw mechanism takes materials or discharges the materials from the material tray, the telescopic mechanism is in the vertical direction, and when the clamping jaw mechanism takes the materials or discharges the materials from the material chuck, the telescopic mechanism is in the horizontal direction. Above-mentioned scheme can effectively realize carrying out automatic clamping and unloading on little sword, and the precision of clamping is high, stability and efficient.

The lower pressing mechanism comprises a mounting plate arranged on the grinding machine body, a vertical guide rail is arranged on one side of the mounting plate, a connecting block is arranged on the vertical guide rail, a lower pressing plate is arranged on the connecting block, the lower pressing plate extends to the position right above a workpiece polishing end on the material chuck, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the mounting plate, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the connecting block, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the connecting block to slide on the vertical guide rail. The lower pressing plate is driven by the hydraulic cylinder to lift, and the lower pressing plate presses the micro cutter downwards on the movable supporting mechanism before polishing, so that the micro cutter can be kept stable in the rotating process, the polishing process is more stable, and the machining precision is higher.

The movable supporting mechanism comprises a supporting base plate arranged on a grinding machine body, a second hydraulic cylinder which is vertically upward is arranged on the supporting base plate, a second vertical guide rail is arranged on the supporting base plate at two sides of the second hydraulic cylinder, a sliding block is arranged on the second vertical guide rail, a connecting block is fixedly arranged between the sliding blocks at two sides, the lower surface of the connecting block is connected with a telescopic rod of the second hydraulic cylinder, an adjusting block is connected with the lower surface of one end of the connecting block, guide columns which are vertically arranged at two ends of the adjusting block are fixed on the adjusting block, a through hole with an opening is arranged at a position on the connecting block corresponding to the adjusting block, the through hole is connected with the guide column in a matching way, a pressure spring is arranged between the adjusting block and the connecting block, a screw is arranged between the adjusting block and the pressure spring, the screw penetrates through the pressure spring, and, the elastic bolt is used for adjusting the size of the opening; the adjusting block at one end far away from the connecting block is provided with an inwards concave structure, the inside of the inwards concave structure is provided with an installing block, the inside of the installing block is provided with one or two shaft holes in the horizontal direction, the adjusting blocks at the two ends of the installing block are provided with one or two guide shafts, the guide shafts penetrate through the shaft holes, a pressure spring is sleeved on the guide shaft between the adjusting block at one end and the installing block, the adjusting block corresponding to the installing block at the other end is provided with a screw hole, a puller bolt is arranged in the screw hole, and the end part of the puller bolt is contacted with the installing block; the upper surface of the mounting block is provided with a pendulum head seat, the center of the lower surface of the pendulum head seat and the corresponding position of the upper surface of the mounting block are both provided with pin holes, pin shafts are arranged in the pin holes, one end of the pendulum head seat is provided with an adjusting hole, the position of the mounting block corresponding to the adjusting hole is provided with an elliptical hole, an eccentric adjusting shaft is arranged in the adjusting hole and the elliptical hole, the part of the eccentric adjusting shaft in the adjusting hole is of a cylindrical structure, the part of the eccentric adjusting shaft in the elliptical hole is of an eccentric shaft structure, two ends of the pendulum head seat are respectively provided with a fixing hole, the mounting block corresponding to the fixing hole is provided with a screw hole, the diameter of the fixing hole is larger than that of the screw hole, and a bolt is arranged in the fixing hole in a penetrating; the upper surface both ends of pendulum head seat are provided with ascending two supporting legss, be provided with the through-hole in the upper end of two supporting legss, be provided with the yaw between two supporting legss, be provided with the axis of rotation on the yaw, the axis of rotation is located this through-hole, it is provided with the locking hole to correspond on two supporting legss, wear to establish bolt and nut in the locking hole, set up the hole of lining up on the yaw, the diameter in this hole is greater than the diameter of bolt, be provided with the pressure spring between yaw and the pendulum head seat of lower extreme, wear to establish the screw in the pressure spring between yaw and pendulum head seat, this screw is used for adjusting the compression distance of the pressure spring between yaw and the pendulum head seat, be provided with ascending a support head on the yaw.

According to the movable supporting mechanism in the technical scheme, the supporting head on the movable support is used for supporting the lower part of the micro-knife in the machining process by utilizing the extension of the second hydraulic cylinder, the micro-knife is kept in rotating balance by matching with the lower pressing plate, and the stability is high. And for micro-knives of different sizes or after long-time processing, the angle and the position of the first supporting head on the movable supporting mechanism need to be adjusted. The adjusting block is arranged below the connecting block, the guide column is arranged between the connecting block and the adjusting block, the relative movement of the adjusting block in the vertical direction is realized, the adjustment of the adjusting block in the vertical direction is realized through the design of a pressure spring and a screw, and finally, the opening of the adjusting block can be fastened through an elastic bolt to ensure the relative position between the connecting block and the guide column, so that the relative height of the first support head is finely adjusted; the installation block is arranged on the guide shaft on the adjustment block, one end of the installation block is provided with a pressure spring, the other end of the installation block is provided with a puller bolt, the horizontal position of the installation block on the guide shaft is changed by adjusting the puller bolt, and meanwhile, a shaft hole of the guide shaft can be provided with an opening; the pendulum head seat and the mounting block can be rotatably connected in the vertical direction through the arrangement of a pin shaft in the center of the upper surface of the mounting block, the pendulum head seat can be circumferentially adjusted under the condition of rotating the eccentric adjusting shaft through the matching of the eccentric adjusting shaft and an oval hole arranged on the mounting block, and the first support head can be circumferentially rotated and adjusted in the vertical axial direction through the fixation of a bolt; through the supporting legs at the two ends of the head swinging seat and the pin shaft connection between the swinging heads, the circumference adjustment of the swinging heads at the horizontal shaft is adjusted by utilizing a pressure spring and a screw below, and the two supporting legs are locked by a bolt, so that the swinging heads are fixed, and the circumferential rotation adjustment of a first supporting head on the swinging heads along the horizontal axial direction is realized. Above-mentioned scheme can remove the fine setting to a support head in the position of horizontal direction and vertical direction, supports the head at horizontal direction, vertical direction simultaneously and finely tunes for the circumferential direction of axis at the horizontal direction, vertical direction, forms the multidimension degree fine setting, ensures the reliability of a support head to the support of little sword.

A fixed supporting mechanism is arranged on a mounting plate between the pressing mechanism and the movable supporting mechanism, the fixed supporting mechanism comprises a base, key grooves are arranged on the base and the mounting plate, keys are arranged in the key grooves in a matching way, the length of each key is smaller than that of the key groove, the axial direction of each key groove is perpendicular to the axial direction of a workpiece clamped by the material chuck, adjusting plates are arranged on the mounting plates at two ends of the base, a pressure spring is arranged between the adjusting plate at one side and the base, a transverse differential head is arranged on the adjusting plate at the other side and used for adjusting the transverse position of the base, a supporting bracket is arranged on the base, a vertically upward key groove is arranged between the base and the supporting bracket, a key is arranged in each key groove, the length of the same key is smaller than that of each key groove, a vertical long hole is arranged on the supporting bracket, and, the novel adjustable pressure plate is characterized in that a baffle is arranged on one side of a base, a pressing sheet is arranged at the upper end of the baffle and extends to the position right above a supporting bracket, a pressure spring in the vertical direction is arranged between the pressing sheet and the supporting bracket, an adjusting lever is arranged on the base below the supporting bracket through a fulcrum screw, a vertical differential head is arranged on the base on one side of the adjusting lever, the vertical differential head is in contact with one end of the adjusting lever, the other end of the adjusting lever is in contact with the lower surface of the supporting bracket, and a second supporting head is arranged on the supporting bracket. The design of this structure, under the longer condition of size when little sword, the assembly exposes the size outside great behind the material chuck, then need set up a fixed stay before the movable support mechanism, support the middle part of little sword, it passes through the keyway between base and the mounting panel and the cooperation of key, realize that it can remove about, and carry out horizontal fine setting to the base through horizontal differential head, and the design through keyway and key between base and the support bracket, fine setting about realizing, adjust the one end of adjusting lever through vertical differential head, thereby highly finely tune support bracket, ensure the fine setting to No. two support heads, stability is high.

The side edge of the grinding wheel of the grinding machine body is provided with a probe, and the probe is used for detecting the length of the workpiece clamped on the material chuck, which is exposed outside the material chuck. Because the depth of storing the work piece on the charging tray must have certain error, the in-process of clamping the work piece at the gripper mechanism, the position must have the error of getting to press from both sides at every turn, then can cause the work piece assembly to get into material chuck expose outside work piece length inconsistent, then through the measurement of probe, the measurable length of exposing the work piece outside the material chuck to promote the machining precision through the initial position that changes the emery wheel and polish.

The utility model provides a little sword grinding machine through reasonable structural design, can have the realization to the automatic clamp of going up of unloading of little sword get, the automatic clamping on the material chuck, supports the little sword in the course of working simultaneously, and the angle of support can multidimension degree be adjusted, and assembly machining precision is high, and machining efficiency is high.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the loading and unloading mechanism of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the grinding machine body of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is an exploded view of the pressing mechanism and the fixing and supporting mechanism of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the pressing mechanism and the fixed supporting mechanism of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the movable support mechanism of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram 1 between the connecting block and the adjusting block of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram 2 between the connecting block and the adjusting block of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic side view of the mounting block and the adjusting block of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic front view of the mounting block and the adjusting block of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural view between the mounting block and the head swing seat of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view between the swing head and the swing head seat of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described by the following embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the micro-knife grinder described in this embodiment includes a grinder body 1, and a material chuck 9 and a grinding wheel 2 disposed on the grinder body 1, the material chuck 9 is used for clamping a workpiece, the grinding wheel 2 is used for grinding the workpiece clamped on the material chuck 9, two material trays 8 are disposed side by side on the grinder body 1, a first rail 3 is disposed on the side edge of the material tray 8 along the side-by-side direction of the material tray 8, a second rail 4 perpendicular to the first rail 3 is disposed on the first rail 3, the second rail 4 slides on the first rail 3, a rotating mechanism 5 is disposed on the second rail 4, a rotating shaft of the rotating mechanism 5 is horizontally disposed, the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the second rail 4, a telescopic mechanism 6 is disposed on the rotating shaft, two clamping jaw mechanisms 7 are disposed side by side at the end of the telescopic mechanism 6, and the side-by-side direction of the clamping jaw mechanisms 7 is identical to the side-by, when the rotating mechanism 5 is positioned at a certain position of the second track 4 and the telescopic mechanism 5 horizontally faces the material chuck 9 of the grinding machine body 1, the horizontal height of the clamping jaw mechanism 7 is consistent with that of the material chuck 9, and the grinding machine further comprises two independent power mechanisms, wherein one power mechanism drives the second track 4 to move on the first track 3, and the other power mechanism drives the rotating mechanism 5 to move on the second track 4; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the grinding machine further comprises a pressing mechanism 10 and a movable supporting mechanism 12 which are arranged on the lower end grinding machine body 1 in front of the material chuck 9, and the pressing mechanism 10 and the movable supporting mechanism 12 clamp the workpiece clamped in the material chuck 9.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the pressing mechanism 10 includes a mounting plate 1001 arranged on the grinding machine body 1, a first vertical guide rail 1002 is arranged on one side of the mounting plate 1001, a connecting block 1003 is arranged on the first vertical guide rail 1002, a lower pressing plate 1004 is arranged on the connecting block 1003, the lower pressing plate 1004 extends to a position right above a workpiece polishing end of the material chuck 9, a first hydraulic cylinder 1005 is arranged on the mounting plate 1001, a telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder 1005 is connected with the connecting block 1003, and the first hydraulic cylinder 1005 drives the connecting block 1003 to slide on the first vertical guide rail 1002.

As shown in fig. 7, the movable supporting mechanism 12 includes a supporting pad 1201 disposed on the grinding machine body 1, a second hydraulic cylinder 1202 vertically upward is disposed on the supporting pad 1201, a second vertical guide rail 1205 is disposed on the supporting pad 1201 on both sides of the second hydraulic cylinder 1202, a slider 1203 is disposed on the second vertical guide rail 1205, a connecting block 1204 is fixedly disposed between the sliders 1203 on both sides, a lower surface of the connecting block 1204 is connected with an expansion link of the second hydraulic cylinder 1202, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, an adjusting block 1207 is connected to a lower surface of one end of the connecting block 1204, vertical guide posts 1212 are disposed at both ends of the adjusting block 1207, the guide posts 1212 are fixed on the adjusting block 1207, a through hole with an opening is disposed on the connecting block 1204 at a position corresponding to the adjusting block 1207, the through hole is cooperatively connected with the guide posts 1212, a pressure spring 1106 is disposed between the adjusting block 1207 and the connecting block 1204, a screw is arranged between the adjusting block 1207 and the connecting block 1204 and penetrates through the pressure spring 1106, and an elastic bolt is arranged at an opening of the through hole of the connecting block 1204 and used for adjusting the size of the opening; as shown in fig. 10 and 11, an inward concave structure is arranged on the adjusting block 1207 at one end far away from the connecting block 1204, an installation block 1208 is arranged in the inward concave structure, two shaft holes in the horizontal direction are arranged in the installation block 1208, two guide shafts 1213 are arranged on the adjusting blocks 1207 at two ends of the installation block 1208, the guide shafts 1213 penetrate through the shaft holes, a pressure spring 1106 is sleeved on the guide shaft 1213 between the adjusting block 1207 at one end and the installation block 1208, a screw hole is arranged on the adjusting block 1207 corresponding to the installation block 1208 at the other end, a puller bolt is arranged in the screw hole, and the end of the puller bolt is in contact with the installation block 1208; as shown in fig. 12, a swing head seat 1209 is disposed on the upper surface of the mounting block 1208, pin holes are disposed at the center of the lower surface of the swing head seat 1209 and corresponding positions on the upper surface of the mounting block 1208, a pin 1214 is arranged in the pin hole, an adjusting hole 1217 is arranged at one end of the swing head seat 1209, an elliptical hole 1216 is provided in the mounting block 1208 at a position corresponding to the adjustment hole 1217, an eccentric adjusting shaft 1215 is arranged in the adjusting hole 1217 and the elliptical hole 1216, the part of the eccentric adjusting shaft 1215 positioned in the adjusting hole 1217 is of a cylindrical structure, the part of the eccentric adjusting shaft 1215 positioned in the elliptical hole 1216 is of an eccentric shaft structure, fixing holes are respectively arranged at two ends of the head swinging seat 1209, screw holes are arranged on the mounting block 1208 corresponding to the fixing holes, the diameter of the fixing hole is larger than that of the screw hole, bolts are arranged in the fixing holes in a penetrating manner and matched with the screw holes, and are used for fixing the mounting block 1208 and the swing head seat 1209; as shown in fig. 13, two upward supporting legs 1218 are provided at two ends of the upper surface of the pendulum head base 1209, through holes are provided at the upper ends of the two supporting legs 1218, a pendulum head 1210 is provided between the two supporting legs 1218, a rotating shaft 1220 is provided on the pendulum head 1210, the rotating shaft 1220 is located in the through holes, locking holes 1219 are correspondingly provided on the two supporting legs 1218, a bolt and a nut are inserted into the locking holes 1219, a through hole is provided on the pendulum head 1210, the diameter of the through hole is larger than that of the bolt, a pressure spring 1106 is provided between the pendulum head 1210 at the lower end and the pendulum head base 1209, a screw is inserted into the pressure spring between the pendulum head 1210 and the pendulum head base 1209, the screw is used for adjusting the compression distance of the pressure spring 1106 between the pendulum head 1210 and the pendulum head base 1209, and an upward first supporting head 1211 is provided on the pendulum head 1210.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a fixed support mechanism 11 is arranged on a mounting plate 1001 between a pressing mechanism 10 and a movable support mechanism 12, the fixed support mechanism 11 includes a base 1101, key slots 1102 are arranged on the base 1101 and the mounting plate 1001, keys 1103 are arranged in the key slots 1102 in a matching manner, the length of the keys 1103 is smaller than that of the key slots 1102, the axial direction of the key slots 1102 is perpendicular to the axial direction of a workpiece clamped by a material chuck 9, adjusting plates 1104 are arranged on the mounting plates 1001 at two ends of the base 1101, a compression spring 1106 is arranged between the adjusting plate 1104 at one side and the base 1101, a transverse micrometer head 1105 is arranged on the adjusting plate 1104 at the other side, the transverse micrometer head 1105 is used for adjusting the transverse position of the base 1101, a support bracket 1108 is arranged on the base 1101, a vertically upward key slot 1102 is arranged between the base 1101 and the support bracket 1108, a key 1103 is arranged in the key slot 1102, and the length, the support bracket 1108 is provided with a vertical long hole, a screw is arranged in the long hole to fix the support bracket 1108 and the base 1101, one side of the base 1101 is provided with a baffle 1113, the upper end of the baffle 1113 is provided with a pressing sheet 1107, the pressing sheet 1107 extends to the position right above the support bracket 1108, a vertical pressure spring 1106 is arranged between the pressing sheet 1107 and the support bracket 1108, an adjusting lever 1110 is arranged on the base 1101 below the support bracket 1108 through a fulcrum screw 1111, a vertical differential head 1112 is arranged on the base 1101 at one side of the adjusting lever 1110, the vertical differential head 1112 is in contact with one end of the adjusting lever 1110, the other end of the adjusting lever 1110 is in contact with the lower surface of the support bracket 1108, and a second support head 1109 is arranged on the support bracket 1108.

A probe 13 is arranged on the side edge of the grinding wheel 2 of the grinding machine body 1, and the probe 13 is used for detecting the length of the workpiece clamped on the material chuck 9 exposed outside the material chuck 9.

Claims

1. A micro-knife grinder is characterized in that: the grinding machine comprises a grinding machine body, a material chuck and a grinding wheel, wherein the material chuck and the grinding wheel are arranged on the grinding machine body, the material chuck is used for clamping a workpiece, the grinding wheel is used for grinding the workpiece clamped on the material chuck, two material trays are arranged on the grinding machine body side by side, a first track is arranged on the side edge of each material tray along the side direction of the material tray, a second track perpendicular to the first track is arranged on the first track, the second track slides on the first track, a rotating mechanism is arranged on the second track, a rotating shaft of the rotating mechanism is horizontally arranged and is perpendicular to the second track, a telescopic mechanism is arranged on the rotating shaft, two clamping jaw mechanisms are arranged at the end part of the telescopic mechanism side by side, the side direction of the clamping jaw mechanisms is consistent with the side by side direction of the two material trays, when the rotating mechanism is positioned at a certain position of the, the horizontal height of the clamping jaw mechanism is consistent with that of the material chuck, and the clamping jaw mechanism further comprises two independent power mechanisms, wherein one power mechanism drives the second track to move on the first track, and the other power mechanism drives the rotating mechanism to move on the second track; the material chuck clamping device is characterized by further comprising a pressing mechanism and a movable supporting mechanism which are arranged on the grinding machine body at the lower end in front of the material chuck, and the pressing mechanism and the movable supporting mechanism clamp a workpiece clamped in the material chuck.

2. The microtome grinder of claim 1, wherein: the lower pressing mechanism comprises a mounting plate arranged on the grinding machine body, a vertical guide rail is arranged on one side of the mounting plate, a connecting block is arranged on the vertical guide rail, a lower pressing plate is arranged on the connecting block, the lower pressing plate extends to the position right above a workpiece polishing end on the material chuck, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the mounting plate, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the connecting block, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the connecting block to slide on the vertical guide rail.

3. A microcutter grinder as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the movable supporting mechanism comprises a supporting base plate arranged on a grinding machine body, a second hydraulic cylinder which is vertically upward is arranged on the supporting base plate, a second vertical guide rail is arranged on the supporting base plate at two sides of the second hydraulic cylinder, a sliding block is arranged on the second vertical guide rail, a connecting block is fixedly arranged between the sliding blocks at two sides, the lower surface of the connecting block is connected with a telescopic rod of the second hydraulic cylinder, an adjusting block is connected with the lower surface of one end of the connecting block, guide columns which are vertically arranged at two ends of the adjusting block are fixed on the adjusting block, a through hole with an opening is arranged at a position on the connecting block corresponding to the adjusting block, the through hole is connected with the guide column in a matching way, a pressure spring is arranged between the adjusting block and the connecting block, a screw is arranged between the adjusting block and the pressure spring, the screw penetrates through the pressure spring, and, the elastic bolt is used for adjusting the size of the opening; the adjusting block at one end far away from the connecting block is provided with an inwards concave structure, the inside of the inwards concave structure is provided with an installing block, the inside of the installing block is provided with one or two shaft holes in the horizontal direction, the adjusting blocks at the two ends of the installing block are provided with one or two guide shafts, the guide shafts penetrate through the shaft holes, a pressure spring is sleeved on the guide shaft between the adjusting block at one end and the installing block, the adjusting block corresponding to the installing block at the other end is provided with a screw hole, a puller bolt is arranged in the screw hole, and the end part of the puller bolt is contacted with the installing block; the upper surface of the mounting block is provided with a pendulum head seat, the center of the lower surface of the pendulum head seat and the corresponding position of the upper surface of the mounting block are both provided with pin holes, pin shafts are arranged in the pin holes, one end of the pendulum head seat is provided with an adjusting hole, the position of the mounting block corresponding to the adjusting hole is provided with an elliptical hole, an eccentric adjusting shaft is arranged in the adjusting hole and the elliptical hole, the part of the eccentric adjusting shaft in the adjusting hole is of a cylindrical structure, the part of the eccentric adjusting shaft in the elliptical hole is of an eccentric shaft structure, two ends of the pendulum head seat are respectively provided with a fixing hole, the mounting block corresponding to the fixing hole is provided with a screw hole, the diameter of the fixing hole is larger than that of the screw hole, and a bolt is arranged in the fixing hole in a penetrating; the upper surface both ends of pendulum head seat are provided with ascending two supporting legss, be provided with the through-hole in the upper end of two supporting legss, be provided with the yaw between two supporting legss, be provided with the axis of rotation on the yaw, the axis of rotation is located this through-hole, it is provided with the locking hole to correspond on two supporting legss, wear to establish bolt and nut in the locking hole, set up the hole of lining up on the yaw, the diameter in this hole is greater than the diameter of bolt, be provided with the pressure spring between yaw and the pendulum head seat of lower extreme, wear to establish the screw in the pressure spring between yaw and pendulum head seat, this screw is used for adjusting the compression distance of the pressure spring between yaw and the pendulum head seat, be provided with ascending a support head on the yaw.

4. A microcutter grinder as claimed in claim 3, wherein: a fixed supporting mechanism is arranged on a mounting plate between the pressing mechanism and the movable supporting mechanism, the fixed supporting mechanism comprises a base, key grooves are arranged on the base and the mounting plate, keys are arranged in the key grooves in a matching way, the length of each key is smaller than that of the key groove, the axial direction of each key groove is perpendicular to the axial direction of a workpiece clamped by the material chuck, adjusting plates are arranged on the mounting plates at two ends of the base, a pressure spring is arranged between the adjusting plate at one side and the base, a transverse differential head is arranged on the adjusting plate at the other side and used for adjusting the transverse position of the base, a supporting bracket is arranged on the base, a vertically upward key groove is arranged between the base and the supporting bracket, a key is arranged in each key groove, the length of the same key is smaller than that of each key groove, a vertical long hole is arranged on the supporting bracket, and, the novel adjustable pressure plate is characterized in that a baffle is arranged on one side of a base, a pressing sheet is arranged at the upper end of the baffle and extends to the position right above a supporting bracket, a pressure spring in the vertical direction is arranged between the pressing sheet and the supporting bracket, an adjusting lever is arranged on the base below the supporting bracket through a fulcrum screw, a vertical differential head is arranged on the base on one side of the adjusting lever, the vertical differential head is in contact with one end of the adjusting lever, the other end of the adjusting lever is in contact with the lower surface of the supporting bracket, and a second supporting head is arranged on the supporting bracket.

5. The microtome grinder of claim 1, wherein: the side edge of the grinding wheel of the grinding machine body is provided with a probe, and the probe is used for detecting the length of the workpiece clamped on the material chuck, which is exposed outside the material chuck.