CN211668364U

CN211668364U - Shell decomposition line

Info

Publication number: CN211668364U
Application number: CN201922299399.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘家儒; 李永建; 宫鹏涵; 曹金荣; 康小勇; 张军挪; 贾云非; 马飒飒
Original assignee: Army Engineering University of PLA; 32181 Troops of PLA
Current assignee: Army Engineering University of PLA; 32181 Troops of PLA
Priority date: 2019-12-19
Filing date: 2019-12-19
Publication date: 2020-10-13
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-19

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shell decomposition line, which comprises a feeding station, a shell pulling and pouring station, a rotary unloading fuse station, an unloading station, a station switching mechanism for switching among the stations, and a shell conveying trolley arranged on the station switching mechanism; the decomposing method of the cannonball decomposing line comprises the following specific steps: the first step, the material loading, the second step, pull out the bullet and fall the medicine, the third step, the detonator unloads soon, the fourth step, the station of unloading, the utility model discloses a shell decomposition line for the decomposition operation of shell is accomplished and is pulled out the bullet, falls the medicine, the detonator main work such as unloading soon.

Description

Shell decomposition line

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a shell decomposes line, concretely relates to shell decomposes line belongs to shell and decomposes line technical field.

Background

The cannonball decomposition is to disassemble and decompose the scrapped cannonball, which is a necessary procedure for the subsequent classification treatment of cannonball materials; as in chinese patent application No.: 201610242363.5, discloses a fixed-loading shell decomposer, which comprises a bracket, a fixed nose and a sliding tail; the fixed machine head is arranged on the support and comprises a shaft sleeve arranged in a machine head shell, a pulley sleeve is arranged between the shaft sleeve and the machine head shell to enable the shaft sleeve to axially move in the machine head shell, a bullet clamping die is arranged at the front end of the shaft sleeve and sleeved on the machine head shell through a fixed sleeve, a decomposition driving device is arranged at the tail end of the machine head shell and used for driving the shaft sleeve to axially move to press the bullet clamping die to radially contract; the sliding tail is arranged on the bracket through a guide rail and is provided with a tail driving mechanism for driving the sliding tail, and the sliding tail comprises a clamping mechanism for clamping the tail of the gun barrel; simple structure is implemented to whole process, but its security performance is not high enough, and work efficiency is general, and in addition, current shell decomposition process generally adopts shell decomposition machine and manual work cooperation to accomplish the decomposition, and its each step all needs artifical the participation, and its decomposition process is more loaded down with trivial details, and the security performance is not enough.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problem, the utility model provides a shell decomposition line for the main work such as shell pulling, pouring, fuse are unloaded soon is accomplished in the decomposition operation of shell.

The utility model discloses a shell decomposition line, which comprises a feeding station, a shell pulling and pouring station, a rotary unloading fuse station, an unloading station, a station switching mechanism for switching among the stations, and a shell conveying trolley arranged on the station switching mechanism; the bullet drawing and medicine pouring station and the rotary unloading fuse station are arranged in the explosion-proof small chamber, and the loading station and the unloading station are arranged outside the explosion-proof small chamber; an explosion-proof wall is arranged between the explosion-proof small chamber and the explosion-proof small chamber;

the bullet conveying trolley comprises a trolley body, and a fuse blanking channel is axially arranged on the trolley body; the body is movably provided with a shot blanking plate on one side surface of the fuse blanking channel through a sliding key; the top of the shot blanking plate is provided with a lower hook body protruding out of the top surface of the vehicle body; the top of the other side surface of the fuse blanking channel is attached with a limiting plate; a row of rotary unloading shaft sleeves are movably embedded below the limiting plate of the vehicle body; a limiting pin is fixed on the rotary-dismounting shaft sleeve; the limiting plate is provided with a row of right-angled triangular guide grooves and a row of linear guide grooves; the limiting pin is attached to the inner inclined surface of the right-angled triangular guide groove; a guide pin is movably arranged on the inner side of the linear guide groove; the guide pin is fixed with the vehicle body; the inner side of the rotary unloading shaft sleeve is provided with a rotary unloading shaft; the rotary unloading shaft is provided with a rotary unloading head; the upper part of the shot blanking plate of the vehicle body is provided with a shell clamping groove; the shell clamping groove is used for positively and oppositely rotating and detaching the head; the rotary unloading head is connected with the rotary unloading shaft for rotatably unloading the fuse, the rotary unloading shaft is arranged in the rotary unloading shaft sleeve, and the rotary unloading shaft sleeve is restricted by the position limiting pin and can only axially move; the limiting plate can push the rotary shaft sleeve to the left end and position by longitudinal movement, and on the contrary, the rotary shaft sleeve can freely move to the right end; the rotary unloading shaft drives the rotary unloading head to rotate through the locking ring pin, and the locking ring pin can axially move in a long hole of the rotary unloading head;

the end, close to the cannonball clamping groove, of the rotary unloading head is provided with a drawing clamping bamboo shoot; the pulling clamping bamboo shoot is movably embedded into the inner side of the rotary unloading head, and an annular spring is sleeved outside the pulling clamping bamboo shoot; one surface of the drawing clamping bamboo shoot, which is far away from the shell clamping groove, is provided with a channel; 7-shaped rotary-unloading clamping bamboo shoots are pressed and hinged on the inner sides of the channels; the rotary unloading clamping bamboo shoots movably extend to the inner side of the rotary unloading head; a pin seat is integrally formed above the rotary unloading head; the pin seat is hinged with a 7-shaped unlocking lever through a pin shaft; one end of the unlocking lever is hinged with the rotary unloading catch; a snap spring is fixed between the inner side of the other end and the rotary unloading head; a shaft shoulder limited by the unlocking lever is arranged at the side of the spring of the snap bamboo; one end of the rotary unloading head, which is far away from the shell clamping groove, is embedded into the locking ring, and a long hole is formed in the inner side of the locking ring; the front end of the rotary unloading shaft sleeve is provided with a rotation stopping catch, and the front end of the rotation stopping catch is movably clamped with a clamping groove at the rear side of the locking ring; a locking ring pin is arranged outside the locking ring; the end part of the rotary shaft sleeve is respectively provided with an unlocking plate and a locking plate in the axial direction and the radial direction; the unlocking plate and the locking plate are provided with clamping grooves which are mutually clamped; the unlocking plate and the locking plate are fixed with spring bodies on the inner sides of the rotary shaft sleeves;

the bullet drawing and medicine pouring station comprises a bullet drawing and medicine pouring pedestal; the front end of the bullet drawing and pouring pedestal is provided with a bullet conveying trolley guide groove; a row of bullet drawing and medicine pouring operation bins are arranged behind the bullet drawing and medicine pouring pedestal; the inner side of each bullet drawing and pouring operation bin is provided with a bullet drawing and pouring mechanism; the bottom of the explosive pouring pedestal is provided with an explosive-emitting channel and an explosive-cylinder channel; the material receiving boxes are respectively arranged at the positions of the propellant powder channel and the cartridge powder channel; the bullet drawing and pouring mechanism comprises a bullet drawing manipulator, and the bullet drawing manipulator comprises a clamping jaw seat; two clamping jaws are hinged on the clamping jaw seat through a pin shaft; two gear teeth which are mutually meshed are integrally formed on the inner surfaces of the two clamping jaws at the side of the pin shaft; the clamping jaw seats are arranged in a U-shaped block at the front end of the hydraulic rod through a pin shaft, and compression springs are arranged on the inner surfaces of the two clamping jaws far away from the clamping end; a turning roller is arranged at the end part of one side of the upper end of the jaw seat, which is close to the hydraulic rod; a rotating stop iron is arranged on the hydraulic rod; the rotating stop iron is tightly pressed with the rotating roller; the inner edge of the rotating stop iron is provided with a clamping jaw stop iron; the bullet drawing and pouring pedestal is provided with a pricking pin driven by a hydraulic cylinder to lift and fall under the hinged end of the U-shaped block and the clamping jaw seat; the two claws are meshed through gear teeth to realize synchronous opening and closing; the jaw seat is arranged in a U-shaped block at the front end of the hydraulic rod through a pin shaft, and under the action of a torsion spring, the jaw seat is subjected to anticlockwise torque, and the snap bamboo on the jaw seat is in contact with the U-shaped block, so that the jaw seat is kept in a stable state; the rotating roller on the jaw seat is horizontally pushed, so that the jaw seat can rotate clockwise;

the rotary fuse unloading station comprises a spindle box; a plurality of spindle clamping cylinders are arranged on the spindle box; the inner side of the main shaft clamping cylinder is clamped with a main shaft; a main shaft hydraulic cylinder and a rotary unloading motor are arranged at the rear end of the main shaft box; the main shaft hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the rear end of the main shaft through a U-shaped clamping seat; the spindle clamping cylinder is installed with the rotary unloading motor through a transmission part; a row of pressure levers driven by a hydraulic cylinder are arranged at the front end of the main spindle box above the bullet conveying trolley; a pressure plate is fixed at the bottom of the pressure rod; two ends of the pressing plate are provided with groove seats tightly pressed with the shot; a limiting plate fixing baffle is arranged between the bullet drawing and pouring station and the rotary fuse unloading station; the front end of the main shaft is fixed with a one-way end face jaw clutch engaged with the rotary unloading shaft through a sliding key; the outer part of the one-way end surface jaw clutch is hinged with a pull claw through a hole seat; the rear end of the pull claw is movably pressed into an iron blocking sleeve fixed on the front side of the spindle box; a spring is arranged between the spindle box and the one-way end face jaw clutch of the spindle; a blanking hook movably clamped with the lower hook body is fixed on one surface of the pressing plate close to the fuse blanking channel;

the station switching mechanism comprises a roller path conveying mechanism arranged between a feeding station and a bullet-drawing and explosive-pouring station and between a rotary unloading fuse station and an unloading station; the chain conveying mechanisms are arranged between the bullet drawing and pouring tool and the rotary unloading fuse station as well as between the unloading station and the loading station; the roller path conveying mechanism comprises a fixed roller way output machine; the swing roller conveyor is arranged at the inlet of the rotary unloading fuse station and the outlet of the unloading station; one end of the swing roller conveyor is hinged with the fuze unloading station and the unloading station, and the bottom of the other end of the swing roller conveyor is provided with a lifting hydraulic cylinder; the chain type conveying mechanism comprises a guide rail for bearing and guiding the bullet conveying trolley, two chains which are arranged on the inner side of the guide rail and move synchronously, and a drag hook arranged on the chains.

Furthermore, the blanking hook comprises a pin seat fixed on the pressing plate; the inner side of the pin seat is hinged with an upper hook body through a pin; the rear end of the upper hook body is provided with a bulge.

Furthermore, a limiting sleeve body is arranged outside the rotary unloading shaft sleeve; the locking ring is arranged outside the locking ring; the unlocking ring is provided with a limiting pin; the limiting pin is movably clamped in the 7-shaped limiting channel; and a fastening bolt is also arranged between the limiting sleeve body and the opening and locking ring.

Furthermore, a stop iron for resetting the limiting plate is arranged between the unloading station and the loading station.

Further, the rotary unloading station is provided with a pair of opposite emission type photoelectric tubes.

A cannonball decomposition line and a decomposition method thereof are disclosed, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps of firstly, feeding, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:

at a feeding station, manually inserting the cannonball into the rotary unloading head, and rotating the cannonball until the rotary unloading catch bamboo shoot is automatically pinned into the mounting hole of the fuse; therefore, the rotary unloading head realizes axial limit and circumferential limit; when the rotary unloading head is limited axially, the limiting plate axially positions the limiting pin, so that the rotary unloading shaft sleeve is positioned at the left limit, and the right end face of the rotary unloading head seat is limited by the rotary unloading shaft sleeve and cannot move rightwards, so that the axial limit of the rotary unloading head is ensured; when the locking ring is limited in the circumferential direction, the locking ring is connected with the screwing-off head through the locking ring pin, the right end face of the locking ring is attached to the screwing-off shaft sleeve in an initial state, the rotation stopping catch on the screwing-off shaft sleeve is arranged in the pin hole in the right end face of the locking ring, and the screwing-off head cannot rotate due to the fact that the screwing-off shaft sleeve can only move axially under the constraint of the limiting pin; completing the positioning of the shell on the bullet conveying vehicle;

step two, drawing the bomb and pouring the explosive, which comprises the following steps:

the bullet conveying trolley is conveyed to a bullet pulling and medicine pouring station through a station switching mechanism; then, a bullet drawing and medicine pouring process is carried out;

firstly, the bullet pulling manipulator extends forwards under the driving of a hydraulic rod, a clamping jaw of the bullet pulling manipulator is retarded by a bullet bottom edge, and the clamping jaw is opened under the action of a clamping jaw chamfer inclined plane; then, after the manipulator moves forward to the right limit, the manipulator starts to retreat, the clamping jaw clamps the elastic bottom edge under the action of the spring force, and the manipulator continues to retreat to pull out the cartridge; then, the bullet pulling manipulator continues to retreat, the rotating roller is stopped by a rotating stop iron, the jaw seat, the jaw and the medicine cylinder are pushed to rotate clockwise until the rotating roller enters the position below the rotating stop iron, the opening of the medicine cylinder is just vertical downwards, the hydraulic rod stops retreating, and the loaded medicine in the medicine cylinder is poured out under the action of gravity; when the copper removing agent is arranged in the medicine cylinder, the pricking pin below the opening part of the medicine cylinder is pushed by the hydraulic cylinder to upwards prick the celluloid sheet and then downwards pull out the celluloid sheet, so that the filled medicine in the medicine cylinder can be smoothly poured out; the poured propellant powder slides out to the material receiving box along the material channel; then, the hydraulic cylinder continues to drive the manipulator to retreat, after the medicine barrel passes through the medicine emission channel, the upper part of the claw is blocked by the claw blocking iron, the claw is opened, and the medicine barrel falls down under the action of gravity and is discharged along the slide way; the manipulator stops retreating at the position where the clamping jaws are all opened; the hydraulic cylinder drives the manipulator to advance, and under the action of the jaw compression spring and the torsion spring, the jaw and the jaw seat restore the initial state in sequence and enter the next cycle;

thirdly, the fuse is disassembled in a rotating way, which comprises the following specific steps:

in the process that the bullet conveying trolley moves from the bullet drawing station to the fuse rotary unloading station, a limiting plate on the trolley is pushed to the right end by a limiting plate fixing baffle, so that the backward axial constraint of the rotary unloading shaft sleeve is relieved; after the bullet conveying trolley reaches the fuse rotary unloading station, a hydraulic cylinder driving head compresses the bullets;

the main shaft is combined with and separated from the rotary unloading shaft, the rotary unloading main shaft in the main shaft box extends forwards, and the pull claw is combined with the clutch of the rotary unloading shaft after passing through the one-way end face jaw clutch on the rotary unloading shaft; the main shaft stops advancing and starts rotating, the fuse thread in the rotary unloading pushes the main shaft to retreat, when the fuse thread is completely unscrewed, the main shaft retreats actively, the pull claw drags the rotary unloading shaft to separate the fuse and the projectile completely, when the pull claw retreats into the iron blocking sleeve, the pull claw opens under the action of the iron blocking, the main shaft retreats continuously, and the main shaft and the rotary unloading shaft are separated completely;

in the detonator screwing-off process without exposed detonators, after a pressure head presses a bullet, a screwing-off shaft moves leftwards under the thrust action of a screwing-off main shaft in a main shaft box, the screwing-off shaft drives a locking ring to move leftwards until the screwing-off shaft is contacted with a shaft shoulder of a screwing-off head, at the moment, an unlocking lever is wedged tightly by a locking surface, after the locking ring moves leftwards, the locking ring is separated from a screwing-off shaft sleeve, and a locking plate and an unlocking plate are simultaneously popped outwards and leftwards respectively under the action of spring force until the locking plate and the unlocking plate enter a mutual clamping stagnation state; the main shaft drives the rotary unloading shaft to start rotating to unload the fuse in a rotary manner; when the screwing-out length of the fuse is enough, the pulling clamping bamboo shoots are clamped into the end face of the fuse under the action of the spring force, when the number of screwing-off turns reaches a specified value, the rotation is stopped, and the main shaft hydraulic cylinder drags the main shaft to drive the screwing-off shaft to retreat;

the shot automatically falls, when the hydraulic cylinder drives the pressure head to press the shot downwards, the lower hook body on the falling plate forces the upper hook body to swing clockwise, and the upper hook body returns to a plumb state under the action of gravity after crossing bending; when the pressure head is lifted upwards to a certain height, the upper hook body lifts the blanking plate, the blanking plate lifts one end of the shot, the shot slides out of the shot conveying trolley towards the left lower side under the action of gravity and falls into the material channel, and automatic blanking of the shot is completed; when the rotary unloading fuse station and the unloading station move, a gap is formed between the blanking hook and the bending of the blanking plate, and the blanking plate descends under the action of gravity to recover to the original position.

Step four, unloading the station, it is as follows specifically:

the unloading station is used for manually unloading the detonator with the exposed detonator, and the station is in idle operation when the detonator with the exposed detonator is not used; when the fuse with the exposed detonator is unloaded, the exposed fuse of the detonator is taken out manually; when the fuse is taken out, the unlocking lever on the rotary unloading head is pressed, the bayonet lock clamped in the fuse mounting hole is pulled out, and the fuse can be taken out.

Further, before the fuse of the exposed detonator is removed, the open lock ring is rotated for an angle, and then pushed to the right end and positioned by a set screw; the step of rotary dismounting is the same as that of rotary dismounting of the detonator fuse without exposure.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a shell decomposition line has following advantage:

1. the automatic decomposition and automatic blanking of the shot and the fuse are realized;

2. the fuse can be automatically discharged, and can also be manually taken out, so that the two working modes are convenient and fast to convert;

3. the fuse is screwed and detached by using the fuse mounting hole, and a mechanism for preventing the screwing pin from sliding out is designed, so that the screwing pin can be ensured not to slide out of the fuse body;

4. a forced drawing mechanism is designed, and when the last threads of the fuse are damaged and cannot be completely screwed out, the fuse can be separated from the shot forcibly;

drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the bullet-transporting trolley of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a rotary unloading head structure on the bullet-conveying trolley of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the bullet-pulling manipulator of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the bullet-pulling manipulator of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the bullet-drawing and explosive-pouring station of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the work flow of the bullet-drawing and explosive-pouring station of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the station for inserting the bullet-transporting trolley into the rotary unloading fuze.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the station for the rotary unloading fuse of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the matching structure of the spindle and the rotary unloading spindle of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the station switching mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the swing roller conveyor of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the chain conveying mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the blanking hook structure of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of the locking ring in the unlocked state.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the locking ring in the locked state according to the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a locking structure in the process of the fuse rotary-releasing without the exposed detonator of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic view of the structure of the fuse without exposed detonator being inserted in the process of detaching the fuse from the detonator.

Fig. 19 is a schematic view of a situation-retreat stagnation structure of the present invention without an exposed detonator.

Fig. 20 is a schematic view of the non-exposed detonator situation-stagnation release structure of the present invention.

Fig. 21 is a schematic view of the situation-backward unlocking structure without exposed detonators of the present invention.

Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of a situation-separated state structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 23 is a schematic structural view of the state of three-stage strong pull of the present invention.

Fig. 24 is a schematic view of the manual discharging structure of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Example 1:

as shown in figure 1, the shell decomposition line of the utility model adopts a four-station isolation operation mode; the working process is as follows: firstly, a material blocking head manually installs a cannonball on a bullet conveying trolley at a first station, the cannonball is manually rotated to enable a screwing pin on a screwing head to be inserted into an installation hole on a fuse, and the bullet conveying trolley enters a second station through an explosion-proof window; secondly, the material blocking head is arranged at a second station, the cartridge is pulled out by the cartridge pulling mechanical arm, the medicine pouring is completed, and the cartridge and the loaded medicine respectively slide out to the material receiving box along the inclined material channel; thirdly, after the material blocking head enters a third station, the rotary unloading main shaft is combined with a rotary unloading shaft on the bullet conveying trolley, a fuse is discharged in a rotary mode, the shot and the fuse respectively fall into a slide way and enter a material receiving box (for the fuse exposed by the detonator, the fuse is a safety meter, automatic blanking is not performed, the fuse is continuously kept in the rotary unloading head, and the next station is taken out manually); after the fuse of the stop head is completely screwed off, the bullet conveying trolley enters a fourth station through an explosion-proof window; manually taking out the exposed fuse of the detonator at a fourth station; fifthly, the stop head bullet conveying trolley enters a first station and is loaded again; thus, completing a working cycle; because the loading (loading shell) and the unloading (unloading out-of-band exposed detonator fuze) are required to be finished manually at the first station and the fourth station respectively, in order to prevent the ammunition feed vehicle from moving accidentally under the condition of not finishing the operation, a key is arranged at each of the two stations, after the operator finishes the operation of the station, the operator presses the key to confirm that the operation of the station is finished, and only after the operation of the two stations is finished (the two keys send out signals), the ammunition feed vehicle can carry out station conversion; the concrete structure is as follows:

the automatic explosive discharging device comprises a loading station 1, an explosive pulling and pouring station 2, a rotary unloading fuse station 3, an unloading station 4, a station switching mechanism for switching among the stations and an explosive conveying trolley arranged on the station switching mechanism; the bomb-drawing and explosive-pouring station 2 and the rotary unloading fuse station 3 are arranged in an explosion-proof small chamber A, and the loading station 1 and the unloading station 4 are arranged outside an explosion-proof small chamber B; an explosion-proof wall C is arranged between the explosion-proof small chamber A and the explosion-proof small chamber B;

as shown in fig. 2, the bullet conveying trolley comprises a trolley body 5, wherein a fuse blanking channel 6 is axially arranged on the trolley body 5; a shot blanking plate 7 is movably arranged on one side surface of the fuse blanking channel 6 of the vehicle body through a sliding key; the top of the shot blanking plate 7 is provided with a lower hook body 8 protruding out of the top surface of the vehicle body; the top of the other side surface of the fuse blanking channel of the vehicle body 5 is attached with a limiting plate 9; a row of rotary unloading shaft sleeves 10 are movably embedded below the limiting plate of the vehicle body 5; a limit pin 11 is fixed on the rotary shaft sleeve 10; a row of right-angled triangular guide grooves 12 and a row of linear guide grooves 13 are formed in the limiting plate 9; the limiting pin 11 is attached to the inner inclined surface of the right-angled triangular guide groove 12; a guide pin 14 is movably arranged on the inner side of the linear guide groove 13; the guide pin 14 is fixed with the vehicle body 5; a rotary unloading shaft 15 is arranged at the inner side of the rotary unloading shaft sleeve 10; the rotary unloading shaft 15 is provided with a rotary unloading head 16; the upper part of the shot blanking plate of the vehicle body 5 is provided with a shell clamping groove 17; the shell clamping groove 17 is opposite to the rotary unloading head 16;

as shown in fig. 3, a pulling catch 18 is arranged at one end of the rotary unloading head 16 close to the shell clamping groove; the pulling clamping bamboo shoot 18 is movably embedded into the inner side of the rotary unloading head 16, and an annular spring 19 is sleeved outside the pulling clamping bamboo shoot; one surface of the drawing clamping bamboo shoot 18, which is far away from the shell clamping groove, is provided with a channel; the inner side of the channel is pressed and hinged with a 7-shaped rotary-unloading clamping bamboo shoot 20; the rotary unloading catch 20 movably extends to the inner side of the rotary unloading head 16; a pin seat 22 is integrally formed above the screwing-off head 16; the pin seat 22 is hinged with a 7-shaped unlocking lever 23 through a pin shaft; one end of the unlocking lever 23 is hinged with the rotary discharging catch 20; a snap spring 24 is fixed between the inner side of the other end and the rotary unloading head; a shaft shoulder 21 limited by the unlocking lever is arranged on the side of the snap spring 24; one end of the screwing-off head 16, which is far away from the shell clamping groove, is embedded into the locking ring 25, and a long hole 26 is formed on the inner side of the locking ring; the front end of the rotary shaft sleeve 10 is provided with a rotation stopping catch 27, and the front end of the rotation stopping catch 27 is movably clamped with a clamping groove at the rear side of the locking ring 25; a locking ring pin 28 is arranged outside the locking ring 25; the end part of the screwing-off shaft sleeve 10 is respectively provided with an unlocking plate 29 and a locking plate 30 in the axial direction and the radial direction; the unlocking plate 29 and the locking plate 30 are provided with clamping grooves 31 which are mutually clamped; a spring body (not shown) is fixed on the inner side of the rotary shaft sleeve of the unlocking plate 29 and the locking plate 30;

as shown in fig. 4 to 7, the bullet extracting and pouring station includes a bullet extracting and pouring pedestal 31; the front end of the bullet drawing and pouring pedestal 31 is provided with a bullet conveying trolley guide groove 32; a row of bullet drawing and medicine pouring operation bins 33 are arranged behind the bullet drawing and medicine pouring pedestal 31; a bullet drawing and medicine pouring mechanism 34 is arranged on the inner side of each bullet drawing and medicine pouring operation bin 33; the bottom of the bomb pouring pedestal 31 is provided with a propellant powder channel 35 and a cartridge powder channel 36; the material receiving boxes are respectively arranged at the propellant powder channel 35 and the cartridge material channel 36; the bullet drawing and pouring mechanism 34 comprises a bullet drawing manipulator which comprises a clamping jaw seat 37; two claws 38 are hinged on the claw seat 37 through pin shafts; two wheel teeth 39 which are meshed with each other are integrally formed on the inner surfaces of the two clamping jaws 38 at the side of the pin shaft; the jaw seat 37 is arranged in a U-shaped block 41 at the front end of a hydraulic rod 40 through a pin shaft, and compression springs 42 are arranged on the inner surfaces of the two jaws 38 far away from the clamping end; a rotating roller 43 is arranged at the end part of one side of the upper end of the jaw seat 37, which is close to the hydraulic rod; a rotator stop 44 is arranged on the hydraulic rod 40; the rotator stop iron 44 is tightly pressed with the rotator roller 43; the inner edge of the rotator stop iron 44 is provided with a clamping jaw stop iron 45; a puncture needle 46 driven by a hydraulic cylinder to lift is arranged right below the hinged end of the U-shaped block and the jaw seat on the bullet drawing and medicine pouring pedestal 31;

as shown in fig. 8 to 10, the rotary fuse unloading station includes a headstock 47; a plurality of spindle clamping cylinders are arranged on the spindle box 47; a main shaft 48 is clamped on the inner side of the main shaft clamping cylinder; a main shaft hydraulic cylinder 49 and a rotary unloading motor 51 are arranged at the rear end of the main shaft box 47; the main shaft hydraulic cylinder 59 is hinged with the rear end of the main shaft 48 through a U-shaped clamping seat; the spindle clamping cylinder is installed with a rotary unloading motor 51 through a transmission piece; a row of pressure levers 52 driven by a hydraulic cylinder are arranged above the bullet conveying trolley at the front end of the main shaft 48 box; a pressure plate 53 is fixed at the bottom of the pressure lever 52; two ends of the pressure plate 53 are provided with groove seats 54 which are tightly pressed with the shots; a limiting plate fixing baffle 55 is arranged between the bullet drawing and pouring station and the rotary fuse unloading station; a one-way end face jaw clutch 56 meshed with the rotary unloading shaft 15 is fixed at the front end of the main shaft 48 through a sliding key; a pull claw 57 is hinged to the outer part of the one-way end surface jaw clutch 56 through a hole seat; the rear end of the pull claw 57 is movably pressed into a stop iron sleeve 58 fixed on the front side of the spindle box; a spring 59 is arranged between the spindle box and the one-way end face jaw clutch of the spindle 48; a blanking hook movably clamped with the lower hook body is fixed on one surface of the pressing plate 53 close to the fuse blanking channel;

as shown in fig. 11 to 13, the station switching mechanism includes a raceway conveying mechanism disposed between the loading station and the bullet-drawing and explosive-pouring station, and between the rotary-unloading fuze station and the unloading station; the chain conveying mechanisms are arranged between the bullet drawing and pouring tool and the rotary unloading fuse station as well as between the unloading station and the loading station; the roller path conveying mechanism comprises a fixed roller way output machine 60; and a swing roller conveyor 61 arranged at the inlet of the rotary unloading fuse station and the outlet of the unloading station; one end of the swing roller conveyor 61 is hinged with a fuse unloading station and a discharging station, and the bottom of the other end is provided with a lifting hydraulic cylinder 62; the chain type conveying mechanism comprises a guide rail 63 for bearing and guiding the bullet conveying trolley, two chains 64 which are arranged on the inner side of the guide rail and move synchronously, and a drag hook 65 arranged on the chains; when the bullet conveying trolley reaches the second station from the first station, the swinging roller path swings downwards under the action of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the bullet conveying trolley is placed on a fixed rack guide rail, and the trolley is positioned and the guide rail bears the clamping force of the bullets; the swing raceway of the third station immediately swings downwards to receive the bullet train from the second station after pushing the bullet train on the swing raceway out to the fourth station; the movement of the bullet conveying trolley from the second station to the third station is dragged by two synchronously moving chain drag hooks, and the bullet conveying trolley slides on the guide rail; the chain can reciprocate under the driving of the chain wheels at the two ends; when the chain moves leftwards, the towing hook rotates clockwise after being blocked by the bottom edge of the bullet conveying trolley, the towing hook resets under the action of the torsion spring after crossing the bottom edge, the chain stops moving leftwards, then the chain wheel rotates reversely to drive the chain to move rightwards, and the towing hook drags the bullet conveying trolley to slide rightwards until reaching a third station; the fourth station is moved to the first station by a drag chain, and the principle is the same as the above.

As shown in fig. 14, the blanking hook includes a pin seat 66 fixed on the pressing plate 53; the inner side of the pin seat 66 is hinged with an upper hook body 67 through a pin; the rear end of the upper hook body 67 is provided with a projection 68.

As shown in fig. 15, 16 and 24, a limit sleeve body 69 is arranged outside the screwing-off shaft sleeve 10; the locking ring 25 is externally provided with an opening and locking ring 70; the unlocking ring 70 is provided with a limit pin 71; the limiting pin 71 is movably clamped in a 7-shaped limiting channel 72; a fastening bolt 73 is also arranged between the limit sleeve body 69 and the opening lock ring 70; before the fuse with the exposed detonator is disassembled, the open lock ring is rotated by an angle, and then pushed to the right end and positioned by a set screw; the step of rotary dismounting is the same as that of rotary dismounting of the detonator fuse without exposure.

A stop iron for resetting the limiting plate is arranged between the unloading station and the loading station, the limiting plate moves leftwards under the restraint of an inclined plane of the stop iron, the inclined plane of the limiting plate pushes the shaft sleeve pin to extend forwards, and when the limiting plate crosses the inclined plane of the stop iron, the shaft sleeve pin enters a transverse groove of the limiting plate, and the resetting of the limiting plate is finished; the bullet conveying trolley enters a feeding station and is reset; and entering the next cycle.

Wherein, the rotary unloading station is provided with a pair of opposite emission type photoelectric tubes (not shown); if the fuse is completely separated from the projectile, the photoelectric tube is in a conducting state, otherwise, the photoelectric tube is not in a conducting state; normal operation can be realized when the switch is switched on; and when the system is not switched on, alarming is carried out, automatic operation is stopped, and manual processing is waited.

as shown in fig. 3, at a feeding station, manually inserting the cannonball into the rotary unloading head, and rotating the cannonball until the rotary unloading catch bamboo shoot is automatically pinned into the mounting hole of the fuse; therefore, the rotary unloading head realizes axial limit and circumferential limit; when the rotary unloading head is limited axially, the limiting plate axially positions the limiting pin, so that the rotary unloading shaft sleeve is positioned at the left limit, and the right end face of the rotary unloading head seat is limited by the rotary unloading shaft sleeve and cannot move rightwards, so that the axial limit of the rotary unloading head is ensured; when the locking ring is limited in the circumferential direction, the locking ring is connected with the screwing-off head through the locking ring pin, the right end face of the locking ring is attached to the screwing-off shaft sleeve in an initial state, the rotation stopping catch on the screwing-off shaft sleeve is arranged in the pin hole in the right end face of the locking ring, and the screwing-off head cannot rotate due to the fact that the screwing-off shaft sleeve can only move axially under the constraint of the limiting pin; completing the positioning of the shell on the bullet conveying vehicle;

as shown in fig. 4 to 7, the bullet conveying trolley is conveyed to a bullet extracting and pouring station through a station switching mechanism; then, a bullet drawing and medicine pouring process is carried out;

as shown in fig. 8 to 10, in preparation, in the process that the bullet conveying trolley moves from the bullet pulling station to the fuse rotary unloading station, the limiting plate on the trolley is pushed to the right end by the limiting plate fixing baffle plate, so that the axial restraint of the backward movement of the rotary unloading shaft sleeve is removed; after the bullet conveying trolley reaches the fuse rotary unloading station, a hydraulic cylinder driving head compresses the bullets;

as shown in fig. 17 and 18, in the detonator unscrewing process without exposed detonators, after the pressure head presses the shots, the unscrewing shaft moves leftwards under the thrust action of the unscrewing shaft in the main shaft box, the unscrewing shaft drives the locking ring to move leftwards until the locking ring is contacted with the shaft shoulder of the unscrewing head, at the moment, the locking surface wedges the unlocking lever, after the locking ring moves leftwards, the locking ring is separated from the unscrewing shaft sleeve, and the locking plate and the unlocking plate are respectively ejected outwards and leftwards simultaneously under the action of the spring force until the locking ring enters a mutual clamping state; the main shaft drives the rotary unloading shaft to start rotating to unload the fuse in a rotary manner; when the screwing-out length of the fuse is enough, the pulling clamping bamboo shoots are clamped into the end face of the fuse under the action of the spring force, when the number of screwing-off turns reaches a specified value, the rotation is stopped, and the main shaft hydraulic cylinder drags the main shaft to drive the screwing-off shaft to retreat;

Step four, unloading the station, it is as follows specifically:

When the rotary unloading shaft finishes rotary unloading and retreats, three conditions can occur;

as shown in fig. 19 to 21, in the first condition, the fuse thread is smoothly unscrewed, but the locking force between the locking ring and the unlocking lever is large and cannot be separated; when the rotary unloading shaft retreats, the rotary unloading head and the rotary unloading shaft sleeve are driven to retreat together, when the locking plate extending out of the rotary unloading shaft sleeve is stopped by the unlocking ring seat, the rotary unloading shaft forcibly pulls out the locking ring from the unlocking lever, the locking ring continuously moves rightwards to push the unlocking plate to move rightwards, the inclined plane on the unlocking plate pushes and presses the locking plate to contract until the locking plate is separated from the unlocking ring seat, the rotary unloading shaft drives the rotary unloading head and the rotary unloading shaft sleeve to continuously move rightwards together, the unlocking lever is restrained by the unlocking ring to rotate the unlocking lever, and the unlocking lever continuously moves until the unlocking lever completely pulls out the rotary unloading catch bamboo shoots and the drawing catch bamboo shoots from the fuze; after the rotary discharging clamping bamboo shoots and the drawing clamping bamboo shoots are completely withdrawn from the fuse, the fuse can slide out of the rotary discharging heads under the action of gravity, falls into a slide way below, and slides into a material receiving box, so that the automatic blanking of the fuse is completed. In order to ensure that the fuse slides out of the rotary unloading head, a spring push block is arranged, and the fuse is pushed leftwards by spring force.

As shown in fig. 22, condition two: the fuse thread is smoothly screwed out, the locking force between the locking ring and the unlocking lever is small, and the locking ring and the unlocking lever are separated. The locking ring moves right relative to the rotary unloading head until the locking ring contacts with the end face of the rotary unloading shaft sleeve, the unlocking plate is pushed right at the moment, the locking plate is pressed towards the axis direction and is completely retracted into the rotary unloading shaft sleeve, the rotary unloading shaft continues to move right, unlocking and automatic fuse blanking are sequentially completed, and the limit is reached.

The third situation: the last section of thread of the fuse is damaged during screwing and unscrewing and cannot be completely screwed out, the screwing and unscrewing head cannot move axially due to the fact that the fuse is clamped in the shot, the screwing and unscrewing shaft retreats (moves rightwards) and drags the locking ring to move rightwards relative to the screwing and unscrewing head through the locking ring pin, firstly, the locking ring is separated from the unlocking lever, then the locking ring pin reaches the right end of the long hole, the screwing and unscrewing shaft starts to forcibly drive the screwing and unscrewing head to retreat, the fuse clamping bamboo shoot on the screwing and unscrewing head forcibly separates the fuse from the shot, and follow-up actions are the same as the second action.

The above-mentioned embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, so all the equivalent changes or modifications made by the structure, features and principles of the present invention are included in the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shell decomposition line is characterized in that: the automatic feeding device comprises a feeding station, a bullet drawing and pouring station, a rotary unloading fuse station, an unloading station, a station switching mechanism and a bullet conveying trolley, wherein the station switching mechanism is used for switching among the stations; the bullet drawing and medicine pouring station and the rotary unloading fuse station are arranged in the explosion-proof small chamber, and the loading station and the unloading station are arranged outside the explosion-proof small chamber; an explosion-proof wall is arranged between the explosion-proof small chamber and the explosion-proof small chamber;

the bullet conveying trolley comprises a trolley body, and a fuse blanking channel is axially arranged on the trolley body; the body is movably provided with a shot blanking plate on one side surface of the fuse blanking channel through a sliding key; the top of the shot blanking plate is provided with a lower hook body protruding out of the top surface of the vehicle body; the top of the other side surface of the fuse blanking channel is attached with a limiting plate; a row of rotary unloading shaft sleeves are movably embedded below the limiting plate of the vehicle body; a limiting pin is fixed on the rotary-dismounting shaft sleeve; the limiting plate is provided with a row of right-angled triangular guide grooves and a row of linear guide grooves; the limiting pin is attached to the inner inclined surface of the right-angled triangular guide groove; a guide pin is movably arranged on the inner side of the linear guide groove; the guide pin is fixed with the vehicle body; the inner side of the rotary unloading shaft sleeve is provided with a rotary unloading shaft; the rotary unloading shaft is provided with a rotary unloading head; the upper part of the shot blanking plate of the vehicle body is provided with a shell clamping groove; the shell clamping groove is used for positively and oppositely rotating and detaching the head;

the bullet drawing and medicine pouring station comprises a bullet drawing and medicine pouring pedestal; the front end of the bullet drawing and pouring pedestal is provided with a bullet conveying trolley guide groove; a row of bullet drawing and medicine pouring operation bins are arranged behind the bullet drawing and medicine pouring pedestal; the inner side of each bullet drawing and pouring operation bin is provided with a bullet drawing and pouring mechanism; the bottom of the explosive pouring pedestal is provided with an explosive-emitting channel and an explosive-cylinder channel; the material receiving boxes are respectively arranged at the positions of the propellant powder channel and the cartridge powder channel; the bullet drawing and pouring mechanism comprises a bullet drawing manipulator, and the bullet drawing manipulator comprises a clamping jaw seat; two clamping jaws are hinged on the clamping jaw seat through a pin shaft; two gear teeth which are mutually meshed are integrally formed on the inner surfaces of the two clamping jaws at the side of the pin shaft; the clamping jaw seats are arranged in a U-shaped block at the front end of the hydraulic rod through a pin shaft, and compression springs are arranged on the inner surfaces of the two clamping jaws far away from the clamping end; a turning roller is arranged at the end part of one side of the upper end of the jaw seat, which is close to the hydraulic rod; a rotating stop iron is arranged on the hydraulic rod; the rotating stop iron is tightly pressed with the rotating roller; the inner edge of the rotating stop iron is provided with a clamping jaw stop iron; the bullet drawing and pouring pedestal is provided with a pricking pin driven by a hydraulic cylinder to lift and fall under the hinged end of the U-shaped block and the clamping jaw seat;

2. The projectile decomposition line of claim 1, wherein: the blanking hook comprises a pin seat fixed on the pressing plate; the inner side of the pin seat is hinged with an upper hook body through a pin; the rear end of the upper hook body is provided with a bulge.

3. The projectile decomposition line of claim 1, wherein: a limiting sleeve body is arranged outside the rotary unloading shaft sleeve; the locking ring is arranged outside the locking ring; the unlocking ring is provided with a limiting pin; the limiting pin is movably clamped in the 7-shaped limiting channel; and a fastening bolt is also arranged between the limiting sleeve body and the opening and locking ring.

4. The projectile decomposition line of claim 1, wherein: and a stop iron for resetting the limiting plate is arranged between the unloading station and the loading station.

5. The projectile decomposition line of claim 1, wherein: the rotary unloading station is provided with a pair of opposite emission type photoelectric tubes.