CN211667814U

CN211667814U - Heating device for preparing fuel gas and burning by high-temperature cracking of alcohol-based fuel

Info

Publication number: CN211667814U
Application number: CN202020206460.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢业红
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-02-25
Filing date: 2020-02-25
Publication date: 2020-10-13
Anticipated expiration: 2030-02-25

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heating device of alcohol group fuel pyrolysis preparation gas and burning relates to alcohol group fuel utilization equipment field. Comprises an alcohol-based burner, and a heat exchange pipe is fixedly arranged on the periphery of the upper part of the alcohol-based burner. The heat exchange tube is of a spiral structure, the bottom end of the heat exchange tube is fixedly connected with the air inlet tube, and the other end of the air inlet tube is fixedly connected with the air blower. The heat exchange tube and the alcohol-based burner are fixedly provided with a heat preservation layer, the top of the heat preservation layer is fixedly provided with a heat conveying pipe, and the side surface of the lower part of the heat preservation layer is provided with an air inlet bin. The utility model discloses an effect of heat exchange tube and heat preservation for the temperature in the device can be controlled and maintain at appointed scope, thereby cracking reaction accelerates, and in this moment, carry out other discharges that sweep wind in earlier stage will originally remain through heat exchange tube, has improved the security of device greatly.

Description

Heating device for preparing fuel gas and burning by high-temperature cracking of alcohol-based fuel

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an alcohol group fuel utilizes the equipment field, in particular to heating device of alcohol group fuel pyrolysis preparation gas and burning.

Background

The alcohol-based fuel which takes methanol as a main raw material can generate cracking reaction at a high temperature of more than 875 ℃ to crack into hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) with high calorific value, and the cracking rate is approximate to 97-98%; under the catalytic action of the catalyst, the cracking temperature is reduced, and the cracking speed is increased. The methanol-based fuel cracking can realize the preparation of H2 and CO by using the methanol-based fuel, and the H2 and the CO are used as fuels for combustion, thereby obtaining fuel gas energy with high efficiency, high heat value and low cost. The emission of the methanol-based fuel after the combustion of the cracking substance is only water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2), is an environment-friendly and energy-saving clean energy, is an excellent substitute of the traditional petrochemical fuel (diesel oil, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas and the like), and plays an important role in ensuring the energy safety of China.

However, the existing technology and equipment using the methanol-based fuel as a fuel source have the following defects: 1. the combustion heat value is low, the fuel consumption is large, the cost is high, and the practical production application cannot be accepted; 2. the combustion is incomplete, and the environmental protection does not reach the standard; 3. the temperature after combustion is low, usually below 800 ℃, and the requirement of the application field needing high temperature cannot be met; 4. the cracking equipment has complex structure and large volume; the preparation efficiency is low, the effect is poor, the preparation gas amount is slow and less, and the method cannot be applied to the production requirement of continuously burning a large amount of gas; 5. the equipment is easy to generate carbon deposition in the process of preparing fuel gas, the equipment maintenance rate is high, and the maintenance difficulty is high. 6. The equipment is easy to have explosion or leakage poisoning hazards in the process of combusting hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

After searching relevant patent documents, some are listed as follows:

1. CN201821212136.9 an alcohol-based combustion machine with high-efficiency combustion, which comprises a preheating part, a gas storage chamber, a distribution part, a gasification chamber, a gas guide part and a material conveying pipe; the material conveying pipe sequentially penetrates through the gas guide piece and the gasification chamber and is inserted into a blocking piece arranged in the gasification chamber, the gasification chamber is connected with the top of the gas guide piece, the gas guide piece is connected with the distributing piece, the distributing piece is arranged at the top of an outlet of the gas storage chamber, and the bottom of the gas storage chamber is provided with the preheating piece. The utility model discloses can carry out quick gasification to alcohol group liquid fuel to realize thorough complete fuel, great improvement alcohol group liquid fuel's utilization ratio, the calorific value that the burning produced is high, characteristics such as the bottom no moisture residue of burning moreover.

2. Cn201210217857.x an alcohol-based burner comprising a burner housing provided with a flame nozzle, in which an alcohol-based fuel nozzle and an igniter are mounted, the fuel nozzle being connected via a fuel delivery conduit to an accelerator for accelerating the fuel to be ejected from the fuel nozzle. The invention has simple structure, lower manufacturing cost and use cost than other conventional burners, full alcohol-based combustion, high utilization rate and high heating efficiency, can also be directly reformed by the conventional diesel burner, and has lower cost and convenient reformation.

3. The CN201620971142.7 fuel alcohol-based burner comprises a furnace barrel and a burning head, a nozzle is arranged in the furnace barrel towards the burning head, a cyclone is arranged in front of the nozzle, an ignition electrode is connected behind the nozzle, a movable flange, a heat insulation pad, an ignition transformer and a photoresistor are sequentially arranged behind the ignition electrode, the ignition electrode is connected with the ignition transformer, a fan motor is arranged outside the furnace barrel, a worm gear shell is arranged behind the furnace barrel, an air door shell is arranged below the worm gear shell, an electric control box is arranged behind the worm gear shell, an oil pump motor, an oil circuit distributor and a pressure gauge connected with the oil circuit distributor are arranged in the air door shell, the oil circuit distributor is connected with a safety electromagnetic valve, a first-stage thermal electromagnetic valve and a second-stage thermal electromagnetic valve, the oil pump is connected with an oil inlet hose and an oil return hose, a first-stage fire oil spray gun and a second-stage fire oil, stable flame, strong rigidity, no coking, no blockage and long service life.

4. The CN201520308776X alcohol-based burner comprises a burner body and a combustion chamber, wherein the combustion chamber is arranged at the center of the inner part of the burner body, and an inlet pipeline of the combustion chamber is arranged on the inner wall of the burner body. The utility model discloses set up combustion chamber inlet pipeline on the internal wall of kitchen range, utilize fuel burning to heat gasification to the interior fuel of pipeline to utilize the preheating tube in the inner wall to preheat fuel, the structure is ingenious, convenient to use, and combustion efficiency is high.

5. CN201721675441.7 alcohol group combustor, including the furnace body, furnace body upper end one side is provided with inlet channel, the inside air intake fan that is provided with of inlet channel, the furnace body opposite side is provided with the exhaust hole, inlet channel is connected with the hybrid shell, hybrid shell one side is provided with fuel nozzle, the hybrid shell bottom is provided with the check valve, the check valve lower extreme is provided with the injection pipe, be provided with a plurality of jet orifice on the injection pipe, be provided with the insulating layer on the furnace body inside wall. The utility model discloses during the use, the fuel nozzle fires the intensive mixing with the air, has improved the fuel burning sufficiency, and the insulating layer can reduce thermal loss, and the environmental protection is effectual moves the motor and connects. The utility model discloses during the use, improved fuel combustion sufficiency, the environmental protection is effectual.

From the retrieved documents, it can be understood that the technologies disclosed in the documents are all directed to improving the combustion method, or adding various forms of combustion auxiliary agents, or improving the stove structure, so as to improve the combustion efficiency of the methanol-based fuel; rarely carries out pyrolysis preparation gas and burning to methyl alcohol group fuel, and then improves combustion efficiency, realizes complete combustion, reduces fuel cost, promotes combustion furnace temperature, realizes preparing the gas fast in succession, reduces carbon deposit and maintenance cost, gets rid of the explosion of detonation and poisoning hidden danger. Therefore, the innovation of the method for preparing fuel gas by pyrolyzing the methanol-based fuel at high temperature and combusting the fuel gas is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problem, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:

a heating device for preparing fuel gas by high-temperature cracking of alcohol-based fuel and combusting the fuel gas comprises an alcohol-based combustor, wherein the alcohol-based combustor comprises an oil inlet pipe, a catalytic chamber, a wind shield, a gasification chamber, an auxiliary heater, an air nozzle, a wind shield ring and a lower cleaning port; a wind shield is fixedly arranged on the gasification chamber, a catalytic chamber is fixedly arranged on the wind shield, and one end of the oil inlet pipe penetrates through one side of the gasification chamber and then upwards penetrates through the wind shield to enter the catalytic chamber; an air nozzle is fixedly arranged on the air baffle and is communicated with the gasification chamber; the wind shield is also provided with a wind shield ring; a lower cleaning port is arranged on the gasification chamber;

a heat exchange pipe is fixedly arranged on the periphery of the upper part of the alcohol-based combustor;

the heat exchange tube is of a spiral structure, the bottom end of the heat exchange tube is fixedly connected with the air inlet tube, and the other end of the air inlet tube is fixedly connected with the air blower;

the heat exchange tube and the alcohol-based burner are fixedly provided with heat insulation layers outside;

a heat conveying pipe is fixedly arranged at the top of the heat-insulating layer;

and an air inlet bin is arranged on the side surface of the lower part of the heat-insulating layer.

Preferably, the catalytic chamber is a cone structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, and a catalytic piece is fixedly arranged in the catalytic chamber;

the structures of the catalytic piece and the catalytic chamber are matched with each other, and the catalytic piece is of a hollow structure;

gaps are formed between the outer wall of the catalytic piece and the inner wall of the catalytic chamber;

the oil inlet pipe penetrates through the catalytic member from bottom to top.

Preferably, the wind shield is also provided with an air inlet hole and an upper oil retaining ring;

the upper oil retaining ring is of an annular structure and surrounds the periphery of the wind retaining ring;

the air inlet hole is annularly arranged between the wind shield ring and the upper oil shield ring.

Preferably, the sidewall of the gasification chamber is further provided with an oil baffle plate in a fixed ring mode, the oil baffle plate is positioned below the wind baffle plate, and the outer diameter of the oil baffle plate is larger than that of the wind baffle plate;

and a lower oil retaining ring is arranged on the oil retaining plate in a surrounding manner.

Preferably, the heat-insulating layer comprises an upper heat-insulating layer and a lower heat-insulating layer, and the upper heat-insulating layer and the lower heat-insulating layer are fixedly connected through a lower fastener; the upper heat-insulating layer and the heat conveying pipe are fixedly connected through an upper fastener;

the inner lower part fixing ring of the upper heat-insulating layer is provided with a weight supporting protruding piece, and the heat exchange tube is fixedly arranged on the weight supporting protruding piece;

an air inlet bin and a bin door are arranged on the side wall of the lower heat-insulating layer.

Preferably, an oil nozzle is fixedly arranged at the top of the catalytic piece and is communicated with the oil inlet pipe;

the catalytic member is made of copper-zinc-nickel base alloy;

the upper part of the catalytic component is a vertical hollow cone, the lower part of the catalytic component is an inverted hollow cone, and the upper part and the lower part of the catalytic component are welded into a whole; the catalytic member is fixed and connected with the inner wall of the catalytic chamber in a spot welding mode from bottom to top at two thirds of the catalytic chamber.

Preferably, the catalytic chamber is made of 904L super austenitic stainless steel, and the external surface of the catalytic chamber is coated with 1800 ℃ high-temperature resistant heat-insulating nano ceramic paint;

the wind shield is made of a round 904L super austenitic stainless steel plate;

the gasification chamber is made of 904L super austenitic stainless steel, the inner wall of the gasification chamber is made of copper-zinc-nickel base alloy, the gasification chamber is in a hollow closed cylinder shape, and the outer diameter of the gasification chamber is equal to the outer diameter of the auxiliary heater.

Preferably, the gap between the outer wall of the catalytic member and the inner wall of the catalytic chamber is 2 cm.

Preferably, the heat exchange tube and the alcohol-based burner enclose to form an inner space to form a cracking chamber, and a thermocouple is arranged in the cracking chamber.

Preferably, the bottom of the heat conveying pipe is erected above the upper heat-insulating layer and is made of stainless steel materials in a welding mode; the upper part of the heat conveying pipe is designed into a reducing elbow shape with an angle of 0-90 degrees, or a barrel shape, or an inverted bell mouth shape.

The beneficial effects of the utility model include:

the whole gasification, cracking and combustion process has no high pressure and does not belong to pressure equipment, so that the device does not need to handle production (use) operation licenses of special equipment.

The material of the catalytic chamber adopts 904L super austenitic stainless steel (20Cr-24Ni-4.3Mo-1.5Cu), the melting point is up to 1390 ℃, and the methanol corrosion resistance is excellent at continuous high temperature below 1200 ℃. The exterior coating material of the catalytic chamber is a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating nano ceramic coating, and the continuous temperature which can be borne by the exterior of the catalytic chamber after the coating is coated can reach 1800 ℃, so that the high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance of the catalytic chamber can be greatly improved. The problems that the methanol-alcohol-based fuel needs high temperature for cracking, but under the high-temperature condition, equipment is easily corroded by methanol, the service life is greatly shortened, and various production potential safety hazards can be buried are solved. The safety performance of the device is effectively ensured, and the long-time continuous operation of the pyrolysis reaction and the combustion is ensured without failure.

The high-temperature cracking reaction of the methanol alcohol-based fuel mainly occurs in a cracking chamber with a large space and a wide outlet, carbon deposition is not easy to form, namely a little carbon deposition is generated in the combustion process, and the generated carbon deposition can also immediately pass through the wide outlet of the cracking chamber and is immediately discharged out of the device along with combustion gas; meanwhile, carbon deposit cleaning ports are formed in the catalytic chamber and the gasification chamber, and the carbon deposit cleaning ports are periodically opened to be filled with carbon deposit cleaning liquid to clean and discharge the carbon deposit. By adopting the measures, the device solves the problems that carbon deposition is easy to form and difficult to remove, the equipment maintenance rate is high and the maintenance difficulty is high when the carbinol-based fuel is combusted.

Adopt commercial methyl alcohol intelligent control no fan electron gasification furnace end system to carry out the auxiliary heating, this system has and rises hot soon, and methyl alcohol and electric energy consumption are few, operate and maintain advantages such as simple for the time of this device preparation gas start-up shortens, and efficiency improves, has maintained low manufacturing cost's advantage.

The methanol alcohol-based fuel with low calorific value is prepared into the mixed fuel gas of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the fuel gas after cracking has large and high calorific value, and the temperature of the cracking chamber can be randomly controlled between 900 ℃ and 1200 ℃, thereby meeting the temperature requirements of most production application fields. Solves the problems of low combustion heat value, large fuel consumption, high production cost and unacceptable practical production and application in the prior art of using the methanol-alcohol-based fuel.

The method comprises the steps of starting a blower of a heat air guide pipe to scavenge air, starting a plurality of ignition electrodes to continuously ignite, heating a gasification furnace, and starting a methanol alcohol-based fuel feeding pipe. When the fire is stopped, the methanol alcohol-based fuel is stopped to be supplied, and the combustion is continued for a period of time until the fire is automatically extinguished. A flameout protection device is added. An oil baffle plate and upper and lower oil baffle rings are added. The measures avoid the hidden danger and the risk of detonation and explosion when the methanol-based fuel or the explosive mixed gas is remained in the device and ignition is started next time.

Adopt automatic controller to control the temperature, adjust the supply of fuel and air, reach the accurate stability of control pyrolysis chamber temperature to guarantee that the gas realizes complete combustion, the emission is carbon dioxide and water after the burning, and the emission accords with the environmental protection standard completely, greatly alleviates the environmental burden.

The device can be made into a large or small device according to the requirements of the actual production application field, the methanol-alcohol-based fuel can be cracked instantly, the cracked hydrogen and carbon monoxide do not need to be canned for storage, and are instantly utilized for combustion in the same device, so that the efficiency is high, the gas quantity is large, and the production requirement of a large amount of required gas in continuous production in various application fields can be completely met.

The discharged materials after combustion are high-temperature steam gas and carbon dioxide gas, are clean hot air energy, can be directly used for drying and cooking production of food-grade products, can be used for food processing production without adding a food-grade hot air exchange system, and greatly improves the heat utilization efficiency.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of an embodiment provided by the present invention;

fig. 3 is a left side view of an embodiment provided by the present invention;

fig. 4 is a top view of an embodiment provided by the present invention;

fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment provided by the present invention;

fig. 6 is an exploded view of an embodiment provided by the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of an alcohol-based combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a front view of an alcohol-based burner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to fig. 1 to 8 of the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application.

The utility model provides a heating device that alcohol group fuel pyrolysis preparation gas and burning, includes an alcohol group combustor, and the alcohol group combustor can directly adopt current ripe combustor, for example: chinese utility model patent CN201821212136.9 discloses an alcohol group combustor with high-efficient burning. Or improve the optimization on prior art, the utility model provides an in the embodiment, the alcohol group combustor is at least including advancing oil pipe 1, catalysis room 2, deep bead 4, vaporizer 5, auxiliary heater 6, air nozzle 7, wind-break ring 9, lower clearance mouth 17. A wind shield 4 is fixedly arranged on the gasification chamber 5, the catalytic chamber 2 is fixedly arranged on the wind shield 4, and one end of the oil inlet pipe 1 penetrates through one side of the gasification chamber 5 and then upwards penetrates through the wind shield 4 to enter the catalytic chamber 2; an air nozzle 7 is fixedly arranged on the wind shield 4, and the air nozzle 7 is communicated with the gasification chamber 5; the wind shield 4 is also provided with a wind shield ring 9 in a surrounding way; the gasification chamber 5 is provided with a lower cleaning port 17. A heat exchange pipe 13 is fixedly arranged on the periphery of the upper part of the alcohol-based combustor. The heat exchange tube 13 is a spiral structure, the bottom end of which is fixedly connected with the air inlet tube 30, and the other end of the air inlet tube 30 is fixedly connected with the blower 29. The heat exchange tube 13 and the alcohol-based burner are fixedly provided with a heat preservation layer outside, and the top of the heat preservation layer is fixedly provided with a heat conveying pipe 14. An air inlet bin 27 is arranged on the side surface of the lower part of the heat-insulating layer.

The heating device which is made by adopting the prior burner in the simplest way can be further optimized on the basis of the following steps in order to have more outstanding advantages:

as shown in fig. 5-8, the catalyst chamber 2 is a cone structure with a large top and a small bottom, the catalyst member 3 is fixedly arranged in the catalyst chamber, the structures of the catalyst member 3 and the catalyst chamber 2 are matched with each other, and the catalyst member 3 is a hollow structure. The outer wall of the catalytic member 3 and the inner wall of the catalytic chamber 2 are provided with a gap. The oil inlet pipe 1 penetrates through the catalytic member 3 from bottom to top.

The wind shield 4 is further provided with an air inlet hole 10 and an upper oil retaining ring 19, the upper oil retaining ring 19 is of an annular structure and surrounds the periphery of the wind shield ring 9, and the air inlet hole 10 is annularly arranged between the wind shield ring 9 and the upper oil retaining ring 19.

The side wall of the gasification chamber 5 is also fixedly provided with an oil baffle plate 18, and the oil baffle plate 18 is positioned below the wind baffle plate 4 and has an outer diameter larger than that of the wind baffle plate 4. A lower oil retaining ring 20 is circumferentially arranged on the oil retaining plate 18.

The heat-insulating layer comprises an upper heat-insulating layer 11 and a lower heat-insulating layer 21, and the upper heat-insulating layer 11 and the lower heat-insulating layer 21 are fixedly connected through a lower fastening piece 24; the upper insulation layer 11 and the heat transfer pipe 14 are fixedly coupled by an upper fastening member 23. The inner lower part of the upper heat-insulating layer 11 is provided with a weight-supporting protrusion 22, and the heat exchange tube 13 is fixedly arranged on the weight-supporting protrusion 22. An air inlet bin 27 and a bin door 28 are arranged on the side wall of the lower heat-insulating layer 21.

The top of the catalytic component 3 is fixedly provided with an oil nozzle 32, and the oil nozzle 32 is communicated with the oil inlet pipe 1. The catalytic member 3 is made of copper-zinc-nickel base alloy. The upper part of the catalytic component 3 is a vertical hollow cone, the lower part is an inverted hollow cone, and the upper part and the lower part are welded into a whole; the catalytic member 3 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the catalytic chamber 2 in a spot welding mode at the position of two thirds from bottom to top of the catalytic chamber 2.

The catalytic chamber 2 is made of 904L super austenitic stainless steel, the external surface of the catalytic chamber is coated with 1800 ℃ high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating nano ceramic paint, the wind shield 4 is made of a circular 904L super austenitic stainless steel plate, the gasification chamber 5 is made of 904L super austenitic stainless steel, the inner wall of the gasification chamber is made of copper-zinc-nickel-based alloy, the gasification chamber is in a hollow closed cylinder shape, and the outer diameter of the gasification chamber is equal to the outer diameter of the auxiliary heater 6. The gap between the outer wall of the catalytic member 3 and the inner wall of the catalytic chamber 2 was 2 cm.

The heat exchange tube 13 and the alcohol-based burner enclose an inner space to form a cracking chamber 12, and a thermocouple 15 is arranged in the cracking chamber 12. The bottom of the heat conveying pipe 14 is erected above the upper heat-insulating layer 11 and is made of stainless steel materials in a welding mode; the upper part of the heat delivery pipe 14 is designed into a reducing elbow shape with an angle of 0-90 degrees, or a barrel shape, or an inverted bell mouth shape.

To fully illustrate the structure, operation and advantages of the present device, in one embodiment:

as shown in fig. 1 to 8, the oil inlet pipe 1 comprises an oil inlet pipe 1, an oil nozzle 32, a quick coupling of the oil inlet pipe 1, a methanol liquid check valve, a methanol dedicated oil supply pump, an electromagnetic relay and an automatic controller. The oil inlet pipe 1 sequentially penetrates through the side part of the gasification chamber 5, the center of the wind shield 4, the center of the lower part of the catalytic member 3 and the center of the upper part of the catalytic member 3. The outlet of the oil inlet pipe 1 is arranged at the center of the top of the catalytic member 3 and is firmly welded with each other. An oil nozzle 32 is arranged at the outlet of the oil inlet pipe 1. The fuel spray nozzle 32 can atomize the fuel sprayed from the fuel inlet pipe 1 into fine particles, so that the cracking reaction of the fuel can be more sufficient and faster.

The upper part of the catalytic chamber 2 is in a spherical arc closed shape, and the lower part is in an inverted cone shape and is opened at the lower end. The upper part and the lower part are welded and connected into a whole. The top of the catalytic chamber 2 is centrally perforated with an upper cleaning opening 16.

The material of the catalytic chamber 2 is 904L super austenitic stainless steel (20Cr-24Ni-4.3Mo-1.5Cu), and the external surface is coated with 1800 ℃ high temperature resistant heat insulation nano ceramic coating. The 904L stainless steel sprayed with the coating can prevent the catalytic chamber 2 from being corroded by methanol even in a high-temperature environment.

The catalyzing part 3 is integrally positioned in the catalyzing chamber 2 and is made of copper-zinc-nickel base alloy, and has a catalyzing effect on the cracking reaction of the methanol-based fuel. The upper part of the catalytic component 3 is an upright hollow cone, the lower part is an inverted hollow cone, and the upper part and the lower part are welded into a whole. The catalytic member 3 is from up two thirds position department down at catalytic chamber 2, welds mutually with catalytic chamber 2 is inside with spot welding mode, and the outer wall temperature of this two thirds position department is the highest, can let the fuel in the catalytic chamber 2 contact the highest temperature and make the schizolysis efficiency higher. A plurality of 2 cm-wide gaps are reserved at the welding position of the catalytic component 3 and the inside of the catalytic chamber 2, and the gap of 2 cm-wide is reserved between the lower part of the catalytic component 3 and the inside of the catalytic chamber 2.

The wind shield 4 is a circular 904L super austenitic stainless steel plate, the center of which is provided with a hole with the same diameter as the lower opening of the catalytic chamber 2, and the wind shield is completely welded with the lower part of the catalytic chamber 2, so that the catalytic chamber 2 and the gasification chamber 5 are communicated together through the hole at the center of the wind shield 4.

An air nozzle 7, an ignition electrode, a flameout protection sensing needle, a wind blocking ring 9, a thermocouple 15, an air inlet hole 10 and an upper oil blocking ring 19 are arranged on the wind blocking plate 4 from inside to outside.

The outer wall of the gasification chamber 5 is made of 904L super austenitic stainless steel, the inner wall of the gasification chamber is made of copper-zinc-nickel base alloy, the gasification chamber is in a hollow closed cylinder shape, and the outer diameter of the gasification chamber is close to that of the auxiliary heater 6. The upper part of the gasification chamber 5 is not provided with a cover plate and is completely welded with the wind shield 4 in the middle. The lower part of the side surface of the gasification chamber 5 is provided with a lower cleaning port 17. The gasification chamber 5 has the functions of gasification, catalysis and carbon deposit cleaning. The internal temperatures of the catalytic chamber 2 and the gasification chamber 5 are usually 300-600 ℃, and are the main space for the methanol-based fuel to perform catalytic cracking reaction; the main space where the pyrolysis reaction takes place is in the cracking chamber 12.

The auxiliary heater 6 adopts a commercial methanol intelligent control fan-free electronic gasification furnace end system. The system has the advantages of high automation degree, simple ignition, quick heat generation, low energy consumption, enough firepower, high temperature, environmental protection and safety, and is particularly suitable for heating the gasification chamber 5. The outer diameter is close to the outer diameter of the gasification chamber 5, so that the gasification chamber 5 can be heated to the maximum effect.

The air nozzle 7 adopts a large-aperture oil nozzle with a screw thread which is used for a methanol burner in the market, the screw thread is drilled on the wind shield 4, and the air nozzle 7 is screwed on the screw thread. The screw thread can be convenient for overhauling, maintaining and replacing when carbon deposition is cleaned. The drilling screw thread is positioned outside the welding position of the lower part of the catalytic chamber 2 and the wind shield 4 and inside the inner wall of the gasification chamber 5. The number of the air nozzles 7 is set to be 4 or more according to the requirement, and the air nozzles are uniformly distributed on the wind shield 4.

The ignition piece comprises ignition electrode, high temperature and high pressure resistant wire, high voltage converter, ignition controller, and flame-out protection sensor, and 4 are installed to the ignition electrode and are good, and flame-out protection sensor evenly distributed fixes on deep bead 4, the position that is close to fuel sprayer 32. 4 ignition electrodes can greatly ensure the failure-free rate of ignition. The misfire protection sensor may automatically shut off the oil feed power when a flameless condition is detected.

The wind-guard ring 9 is a circular ring formed by enclosing a stainless steel plate with the height of 15 cm and the thickness of 3 mm, is welded on the wind-guard plate 4 and encloses the air nozzle 7, the ignition electrode and the flameout protection sensor. The purpose of the wind blocking ring 9 is not to directly blow the air from the air inlet hole 10 to the air nozzle 7 violently, so that the gasified fuel ejected from the air nozzle 7 at high speed is directly injected into the center of the cracking chamber 12 to contact the environment with high temperature and high heat, and after the cracking reaction is realized, the gasified fuel is mixed with the air from the air inlet hole 10 and ignited for combustion. Meanwhile, the wind-shield ring 9 can prevent the flame at the initial stage of ignition from being easily blown out.

The air inlet holes 10 are holes with the diameter of 2-5 cm, are uniformly arranged on the wind shield 4 and are positioned outside the wind shield ring 9 and the gasification chamber 5. The number is more than 10. The purpose of the air intake holes 10 is to allow saturated air to be uniformly drawn into the cracking chamber 12 to participate in combustion. The rapid air flow of air from the air inlet holes 10 into the cracking chamber 12 can assist in transferring heat to the outside of the heat transfer pipe 14 for practical use.

The heat-insulating layer is divided into an upper heat-insulating layer 11 and a lower heat-insulating layer 21, and takes a hollow cylinder as an optimal shape. The heat exchange tube 13, the catalytic chamber 2, the wind shield 4 and the gasification chamber 5 are surrounded by the heat insulation layer. The outer wall of the heat-insulating layer is preferably a steel plate cylinder, and the inner wall of the heat-insulating layer is made of a fire-resistant heat-insulating material. The inner diameter of the insulating layer is preferably spaced from the maximum outer diameter of the upper part of the catalyst chamber 2 by a gap of 10-20 cm.

The heat delivery pipe 14, the upper insulating layer 11 and the lower insulating layer 21 are firmly connected with each other by using upper and lower fasteners 24, so that the transportation, the disassembly, the assembly, the overhaul and the maintenance are convenient. The heat preservation layer can prevent the heat of the cracking chamber 12 from radiating and dissipating outwards, and the temperature of the cracking chamber 12 is guaranteed to be maintained at the set temperature requirement.

The cracking chamber 12 is a space formed among the upper heat-insulating layer 11, the wind shield 4, the catalytic chamber 2 and the heat transfer pipe 14. The temperature of the cracking chamber 12 is usually 900 ℃ to 1200 ℃, which is the main space for the high-temperature cracking reaction of the methanol-based fuel.

The heat exchange pipe 13 is composed of an air blower 29, an air inlet pipe 30, a spiral exchange pipe and an air outlet pipe 31, wherein the spiral exchange pipe is made of stainless steel pipes in a winding mode, and the pipe diameter is preferably 60-150 mm. The spiral exchange tube is placed between the heat-insulating layer and the catalytic chamber 2 and is tightly attached to the heat-insulating layer, and a gap of 5-10 cm is preferably formed between the inner diameter of the spiral exchange tube and the maximum outer diameter of the upper part of the catalytic chamber 2. The heat exchange tubes 13 are at the same height as the catalyst chamber 2 and have their outlets above the catalyst chamber 2 and in the same direction as the heat transfer tubes 14.

The bottom of the heat delivery pipe 14 is erected on the upper heat insulation layer 11 and is made of stainless steel materials in a welding mode, and the upper portion of the heat delivery pipe can be designed into a reducing elbow shape with an angle of 0-90 degrees, or a barrel shape, or an inverted bell mouth shape according to needs. The heat or flame of the cracking chamber 12 can be adjusted to the proper fire outlet direction according to the production requirement.

The temperature control part consists of a thermocouple 15, a high-temperature resistant signal transmission wire and a temperature controller. The thermocouple 15 penetrates through the wind shield 4 and the oil shield 18 or the insulating layer and is inserted into the center of the cracking chamber 12, and is linked with the oil mass controller of the oil inlet pipe 1 through the temperature controller, so that the temperature of the cracking chamber 12 is accurately kept within the optimal cracking temperature range of 900 plus 1200 ℃ and the production application temperature range.

The cleaning port is divided into an upper cleaning port 16 and a lower cleaning port 17, the upper cleaning port 16 is provided with a hole and a screw thread at the center of the top of the catalytic chamber 2, the lower cleaning port 17 is provided with a hole and a screw thread at the lower part of the side surface of the gasification chamber 5, and the cleaning port is screwed by a screw bolt and sealed by high-temperature sealant.

The oil baffle plate 18 is made of hollow round stainless steel plate and is welded with the gasification chamber 5 at the position of 1/2 of the gasification chamber 5 to form a whole. The oil baffle plate 18 is used for receiving the liquid fuel which is sprayed from the air nozzle 7 due to the incomplete gasification caused by the excessive fuel feeding amount caused by the misoperation of an operator.

The oil baffle ring is divided into an upper oil baffle ring 19 and a lower oil baffle ring 20, is a circular ring formed by stainless steel plates with the height of 5-10 cm and the thickness of 1-3 mm, and is welded on the outer side edges of the wind shield 4 and the oil baffle 18 respectively. The oil baffle ring is used for receiving the liquid fuel which is sprayed out from the air nozzle 7 due to the fact that the fuel inlet amount is too large and the gasification is not complete because of the operation error of an operator.

When in work:

in the first step, the blower 29 is started to blow fresh air into the heat exchange tube 13 and eject the fresh air from the outlet of the heat exchange tube 13 to form negative pressure, so as to drive the air convection of the cracking chamber 12 and scavenge the combustible mixed gas which may be formed after the previous combustion to the outside of the device. Lasting for 1-3 minutes to achieve the effect of fully scavenging.

In the second step, the auxiliary heater 6 is activated to heat the vaporizing chamber 5. Lasting for 1-3 minutes to achieve an overall temperature rise of the gasification chamber 5 above 200 ℃.

And thirdly, starting the ignition part to electrify 4 ignition electrodes, and continuously electrifying until ignition is successful.

The first 3 steps have strict operation sequences. The secondary ignition is needed when the primary ignition is unsuccessful, but the combustible mixed gas enters the cracking chamber 12 to reach a certain concentration, so that the hidden danger of explosion and deflagration is easily caused. The measure effectively solves the risk potential that the burning methanol alcohol-based fuel in the prior art is easy to generate deflagration or explosion.

Fourthly, starting the

oil inlet pipe

1, 1 to supply fuel, and injecting the methanol-alcohol-based fuel liquid into the catalytic chamber 22 through the oil nozzle 32 positioned at the outlet of the

oil inlet pipe

1, 1 to form fine liquid mist particles; the atomized liquid touches the upper part of the closed spherical arc shape of the catalytic chamber 2, falls back to contact the catalytic element 33 to generate catalytic action, and part of the fuel starts to carry out cracking reaction and becomes a gas-liquid mixture containing methanol, hydrogen and carbon monoxide; the gas-liquid mixture passively flows out to an outlet at the lower part of the catalytic chamber 2 along the inner wall of the catalytic chamber 2 and is pressed into a gasification chamber 5; the gas-liquid mixture contacts the inner wall of the gasification chamber 5, and the catalytic cracking reaction is continued;

the temperature of the gasification chamber 5 heated by the auxiliary heater 6 is continuously raised to more than 300-400 ℃, so that the gas-liquid mixture is continuously gasified in the gasification chamber 5 and is completely changed into combustible gas;

the gasification chamber 5 is communicated with the air nozzle 7 of the wind shield 4, combustible gas is sprayed into the cracking chamber 12 from the air nozzle 7 at the beginning, the ignition system after power-up ignites and burns the combustible gas sprayed into the cracking chamber 12, and the ignition process is mild and safe;

the air inlet hole 10 is communicated with the cracking chamber 12, and the negative pressure generated by combustion sucks the external air from the air inlet hole 10 into the cracking chamber 12 to participate in combustion. The strong airflow generated by the sucked air not only participates in combustion and changes into high-temperature gas, but also assists in pushing the combustion airflow to the heat conveying pipe 14 and outputting the combustion airflow outwards, so that the heat can be output without using a high-power blower, and the electric energy is saved. Meanwhile, the heat output can be realized without blowing cold air into the cracking chamber by using an air blower, and the loss of heat energy is greatly reduced.

The heat after ignition and combustion continuously raises the temperature of the cracking chamber 12, and the catalytic chamber 2, the wind shield 4 (the upper part of the gasification chamber 5), the upper heat insulation layer 11 and the heat exchange tube 13 which form the cracking chamber 12 are surrounded and receive the combustion heat of the cracking chamber 12, and then the temperature is also raised synchronously. Thereby make the inside liquid fuel of catalysis chamber 2, vaporizer 5 gasify fast, combustible gas sharply increases, and then spout into pyrolysis chamber 12 from air nozzle 7 passively by the rush, and combustible gas meets the high temperature environment of pyrolysis chamber 12, or contacts the outer wall of catalysis chamber 2, vaporizer 5, heat preservation, heat exchange tube 13 of high temperature, takes place more violent pyrolysis reaction, and the efficiency and the speed that generate hydrogen and carbon monoxide promote at double. Combustible gas of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methanol is ignited at the middle upper part of the cracking chamber 12 and is violently combusted, and the heat after combustion is output through a heat conveying pipe 14 to be used in practical production application scenes.

The heat exchange tube 13 blows fresh air from the outside to the inside of the tube diameter by the blower 29, the tube diameter absorbs heat in the cracking chamber 12 and conducts the heat to the fresh air inside the tube diameter, the heated fresh air is quickly sprayed out from the outlet of the heat exchange tube 13, and the heat in the cracking chamber 12 is guided to be sprayed out towards the outlet of the heat conveying tube 14. The use of the heat exchange tube 13 improves the utilization rate of heat energy, so that the blown fresh air is at a high temperature, and the heat of the cracking chamber 12 and the production application scene is not diluted. But also can play a role in guiding heat to flow along with the wind direction.

A thermocouple 15 of a temperature control device is inserted into the center of the chamber 12 to monitor the temperature of the chamber 12 at any time. And is linked with the oil inlet pipe 1 and the automatic control system of the blower 29 to adjust the supply of fuel and air so as to ensure that the temperature of the cracking chamber 12 is accurately controlled between 900 ℃ and 1200 ℃, thereby achieving the optimal cracking temperature, improving the cracking efficiency and speed, ensuring that the fuel gas can be completely combusted, ensuring enough gas quantity and meeting the requirement of continuous production. Meanwhile, the temperature inside the cracking chamber 12 is the output temperature of the heat transfer pipe 14, and the temperature range of 900 ℃ and 1200 ℃ meets the temperature requirements of most production application fields.

Through the above description, it can be seen that the whole gasification, cracking and combustion process of the device does not generate high pressure, and does not belong to pressure equipment, so that the device does not need to handle the production (use) operation license of special equipment.

The method comprises the steps of starting a blower of a heat air guide pipe to scavenge air, starting a plurality of ignition electrodes to continuously ignite, heating a gasification chamber, and starting a methanol alcohol-based fuel feeding pipe. When the fire is stopped, the methanol alcohol-based fuel is stopped to be supplied, and the combustion is continued for a period of time until the fire is automatically extinguished. A flameout protection device is added. An oil baffle plate and upper and lower oil baffle rings are added. The measures avoid the hidden danger and the risk of detonation and explosion when the methanol-based fuel or the explosive mixed gas is remained in the device and ignition is started next time.

Claims

1. A heating device for preparing fuel gas by high-temperature cracking of alcohol-based fuel and combusting the fuel gas comprises an alcohol-based combustor, wherein the alcohol-based combustor comprises an oil inlet pipe (1), a catalytic chamber (2), a wind shield (4), a gasification chamber (5), an auxiliary heater (6), an air nozzle (7), a wind shield ring (9) and a lower cleaning port (17); a wind shield (4) is fixedly arranged on the gasification chamber (5), a catalysis chamber (2) is fixedly arranged on the wind shield (4), and one end of the oil inlet pipe (1) penetrates into the gasification chamber (5) from one side and then upwards penetrates through the wind shield (4) to enter the catalysis chamber (2); an air nozzle (7) is fixedly arranged on the air baffle (4), and the air nozzle (7) is communicated with the gasification chamber (5); the wind shield (4) is also provided with a wind shield ring (9) in a surrounding way; a lower cleaning port (17) is arranged on the gasification chamber (5);

the method is characterized in that: a heat exchange pipe (13) is fixedly arranged on the periphery of the upper part of the alcohol-based combustor;

the heat exchange tube (13) is of a spiral structure, the bottom end of the heat exchange tube is fixedly connected with the air inlet tube (30), and the other end of the air inlet tube (30) is fixedly connected with the air blower (29);

the heat exchange tube (13) and the alcohol-based combustor are externally and fixedly provided with heat insulation layers;

a heat conveying pipe (14) is fixedly arranged at the top of the heat-insulating layer;

and an air inlet bin (27) is arranged on the side surface of the lower part of the heat-insulating layer.

2. The heating device for preparing fuel gas by pyrolysis of alcohol-based fuel and burning according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the catalytic chamber (2) is a cone structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, and a catalytic piece (3) is fixedly arranged in the catalytic chamber;

the structures of the catalytic piece (3) and the catalytic chamber (2) are matched with each other, and the catalytic piece (3) is of a hollow structure;

gaps are formed between the outer wall of the catalytic piece (3) and the inner wall of the catalytic chamber (2);

the oil inlet pipe (1) penetrates through the catalytic member (3) from bottom to top.

3. The heating device for preparing fuel gas by pyrolysis of alcohol-based fuel and burning according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the wind shield (4) is also provided with an air inlet hole (10) and an upper oil retaining ring (19);

the upper oil retaining ring (19) is of an annular structure and surrounds the periphery of the wind retaining ring (9);

the air inlet holes (10) are annularly arranged between the wind shield ring (9) and the upper oil shield ring (19).

4. The heating device for preparing fuel gas by pyrolysis of alcohol-based fuel and burning according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the side wall of the gasification chamber (5) is further fixedly provided with an oil baffle plate (18), the oil baffle plate (18) is positioned below the wind baffle plate (4), and the outer diameter of the oil baffle plate (18) is larger than that of the wind baffle plate (4);

and a lower oil retaining ring (20) is arranged on the oil retaining plate (18) in a surrounding manner.

5. The heating device for preparing fuel gas by pyrolysis of alcohol-based fuel and burning according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the heat-insulating layer comprises an upper heat-insulating layer (11) and a lower heat-insulating layer (21), and the upper heat-insulating layer (11) and the lower heat-insulating layer (21) are fixedly connected through a lower fastener (24); the upper heat-insulating layer (11) and the heat conveying pipe (14) are fixedly connected through an upper fastener (23);

a weight supporting protrusion piece (22) is arranged on a fixed ring at the inner lower part of the upper heat-insulating layer (11), and the heat exchange tube (13) is fixedly arranged on the weight supporting protrusion piece (22);

an air inlet bin (27) and a bin door (28) are arranged on the side wall of the lower heat-insulating layer (21).

6. The heating device for preparing fuel gas by pyrolysis of alcohol-based fuel and burning according to claim 2, characterized in that:

the top of the catalytic piece (3) is fixedly provided with an oil nozzle (32), and the oil nozzle (32) is communicated with the oil inlet pipe (1);

the catalytic element (3) is made of copper-zinc-nickel base alloy;

the upper part of the catalytic component (3) is an upright hollow cone, the lower part of the catalytic component is an inverted hollow cone, and the upper part and the lower part are welded into a whole; the catalytic piece (3) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the catalytic chamber (2) from bottom to top at the two thirds position of the catalytic chamber (2) in a spot welding mode.

7. The heating device for preparing fuel gas by pyrolysis of the alcohol-based fuel and combusting the fuel gas as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, is characterized in that:

the catalytic chamber (2) is made of 904L super austenitic stainless steel, and the external surface of the catalytic chamber is coated with 1800 ℃ high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating nano ceramic paint;

the wind shield (4) is made of a round 904L super austenitic stainless steel plate;

the gasification chamber (5) is made of 904L super austenitic stainless steel, the inner wall of the gasification chamber is made of copper-zinc-nickel base alloy, the gasification chamber is in a hollow closed cylinder shape, and the outer diameter of the gasification chamber is equal to that of the auxiliary heater (6).

8. The heating device for preparing fuel gas by pyrolysis of alcohol-based fuel and burning according to claim 2, characterized in that:

the gap interval between the outer wall of the catalytic piece (3) and the inner wall of the catalytic chamber (2) is 2 cm.

9. The heating device for preparing fuel gas by pyrolysis of alcohol-based fuel and burning according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the inner space enclosed by the heat exchange tube (13) and the alcohol-based combustor forms a cracking chamber (12), and a thermocouple (15) is arranged in the cracking chamber (12).

10. The heating device for preparing fuel gas by pyrolysis of alcohol-based fuel and burning according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the bottom of the heat conveying pipe (14) is erected above the upper heat-insulating layer (11) and is made of stainless steel materials in a welding mode; the upper part of the heat conveying pipe (14) is designed into a reducing elbow shape with an angle of 0-90 degrees, or a barrel shape, or an inverted bell mouth shape.