CN211667807U - Continuous straw bundle burning boiler - Google Patents
Continuous straw bundle burning boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN211667807U CN211667807U CN202020201560.4U CN202020201560U CN211667807U CN 211667807 U CN211667807 U CN 211667807U CN 202020201560 U CN202020201560 U CN 202020201560U CN 211667807 U CN211667807 U CN 211667807U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a continuous type straw bundle burns boiler belongs to the boiler field to solve the problem that straw combustion efficiency is low. The device comprises a feeding system, a combustion system and a heat exchange system; the feeding system is arranged on the uppermost layer, the combustion system is positioned at the lower end of the feeding system, the heat exchange system is positioned at the side end of the combustion system, and the combustion system comprises a furnace chamber, a fixed grate, a movable grate, a primary air distribution port and a secondary air distribution port; the heat exchange system comprises a gas combustion chamber, a heat exchanger, a tertiary air distribution port and a quaternary air distribution port. The utility model discloses a many times the air distribution is arranged, effectively cuts apart into states such as main burning, straw charcoal burning and volatile burning with the whole combustion process of straw, can effectively improve straw combustion efficiency, reduces pollutant emission. In structural arrangement, the feeding system is designed at the upper ends of the combustion system and the heat exchange system, so that the waste heat in the straw combustion process can be effectively utilized, the heat loss of the boiler is effectively reduced, and the thermal efficiency of the boiler is improved in the whole function.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the boiler field, concretely relates to straw burning boiler.
Background
China has abundant crop straws, and according to statistics of rural parts of agriculture, the collectable amount of the straws in 2017 nationwide is 8.37 hundred million tons, the utilization amount is 7 hundred million tons, and the comprehensive utilization rate reaches 83.67%. In recent years, under the support of a series of policies of national development, the comprehensive utilization work of straws in China is greatly developed, wherein the energy utilization modes of straw bundle burning heating and the like have the advantages of low heating cost, high combustion efficiency, low pollution emission, renewable raw materials and the like, are effective ways of 'scattered coal substitution', and have important meanings for preventing straw scattered burning, reducing environmental pollution, saving fossil energy and the like.
Foreign countries with mature biomass straw bundling and burning technology include Denmark, France and Belgium. The continuous bundling combustion device developed by Denmark is called Cigar type combustor, the controllability of the continuous combustion process is good, the furnace temperature is stable, and the continuous bundling combustion device is beneficial to intelligent operation, so that the continuous bundling combustion device is widely popularized and applied abroad and is considered as the best mode for combusting the whole bundle of straws at present. The research on domestic continuous bundling equipment is less, the equipment is mainly chain grate continuous bundling equipment developed by Liu Sheng Yong team of Henan agricultural university, and the continuous bundling equipment developed by environmental protection equipment manufacturing limited company of iron Ling Zhongyuan; a stokehole flue gas drying biomass bundle burning boiler developed by Limin energy-saving boiler manufacturing Limited company in Helen city, and the like. However, these boilers still have low combustion efficiency and NOXAnd too high CO emission.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a continuous type straw bundle burns boiler to solve the problem that straw combustion efficiency is low.
The utility model discloses technical scheme as follows: a continuous straw bundle burning boiler comprises a feeding system, a combustion system and a heat exchange system; the feeding system is arranged on the uppermost layer, the combustion system is positioned at the lower end of the feeding system, and the heat exchange system is positioned at the side end of the combustion system; the combustion system comprises a furnace chamber, a fixed grate, a movable grate, a primary air distribution port and a secondary air distribution port, wherein the fixed grate is arranged at the bottom of the furnace chamber, the movable grate is arranged below the fixed grate, the fixed grate is ignited, the primary air distribution port is arranged at the fixed grate to realize primary air supply, the straw bundle generates main combustion reaction to produce volatile matters and straw charcoal, the volatile matters enter a gas combustion chamber through a flue gas channel, and the straw charcoal falls into the movable grate below the fixed grate through the fixed grate. A secondary air distribution port is arranged at the movable grate to realize the full combustion of the straw carbon, and ash slag after combustion falls into a slag removal system.
The heat exchange system comprises a gas combustion chamber, a heat exchanger, a tertiary air distribution port and a quaternary air distribution port, the heat exchanger is arranged in the gas combustion chamber, a flue gas channel communicated with the gas combustion chamber is arranged at the bottom of the combustion system, the quaternary air distribution port is arranged on one side, close to the combustion system, above the heat exchanger, and the tertiary air distribution port is arranged on the opposite side of the flue gas channel.
Furthermore, the bottom of the gas combustion chamber is in a slope funnel shape, and an ash collecting box is arranged below the gas combustion chamber. The flue gas passes through the flue gas passageway and gets into the in-process of gas combustion chamber, because space cross-section increase leads to the gas flow velocity to reduce, is favorable to part smoke and dust in the flue gas to descend to the ash bin, realizes once removing dust.
Furthermore, the feeding system comprises a hydraulic push rod and a feeding hearth, and the hydraulic push rod is positioned on the outer side of the feeding hearth. By utilizing the reciprocating motion of the hydraulic push rod, the straw bundles can be continuously pushed into the feeding hearth, and the continuous supply of the combustion raw materials is realized.
The slag cleaning system comprises a cold water spray head, a scraper conveyor and an ash storage box, the scraper conveyor is arranged obliquely, the lower end of the scraper conveyor is positioned right below the combustion system, the upper end of the scraper conveyor is positioned in the ash storage box, and the cold water spray head is positioned above the scraper conveyor. The continuous rotation of scraper conveyor carries the lime-ash to the collection ash case, realizes the function of scarfing cinder in succession, and the cold water shower nozzle can effectively put out the spark in the lime-ash, avoids the potential safety hazard.
Further, still include dust pelletizing system, dust pelletizing system is located heat transfer system's right-hand member, includes the inner chamber and establishes the dust case at its lower extreme, and inner chamber top one end is equipped with the flue gas entry with heat transfer system intercommunication, and the inner chamber top other end is equipped with the exhanst gas outlet. The inner cavity adopts a cyclone dust collector structure, and a large amount of smoke dust falls to the dust box after the smoke gas passes through a cyclone result, so that secondary dust removal is realized.
Further, still include the waste heat utilization system, the waste heat utilization system includes flue gas sleeve and flue gas discharge port, and flue gas sleeve parcel is in the outer lane of feed system furnace. Form a sleeve structure with feeding furnace, the flue gas through dust pelletizing system gets into behind the flue gas sleeve and carries out non-contact heat-conduction with the straw bundle, discharges through the flue gas discharge port, and the straw bundle is carried out preliminary drying, realizes the waste heat utilization of flue gas.
The utility model is characterized in that:
(1) through multiple air distribution arrangement, the whole combustion process of the straws is effectively divided into states of main combustion, straw charcoal combustion, volatile matter combustion and the like, the straw combustion efficiency can be effectively improved, and pollutants (mainly NO) are reducedXCO) emissions.
(2) In structural arrangement, the feeding system is designed at the upper ends of the combustion system and the heat exchange system, waste heat in the straw combustion process can be effectively utilized, heat loss of the boiler is effectively reduced, a flue gas waste heat utilization system is added, and the thermal efficiency of the boiler is improved in the whole function.
(3) The double-dust-removal structure is designed, the gravity settling principle and the cyclone dust removal principle are reasonably utilized, and the smoke source reduction function in the straw bundle burning process is effectively realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a continuous straw-baling boiler.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises a feeding system, a combustion system, a slag removal system, a heat exchange system, a dust removal system and a waste heat utilization system, wherein the waste heat utilization system comprises a waste heat utilization system 101, a hydraulic push rod 101, a straw bundle 102, a feeding hearth 103, a furnace chamber 200, a fixed grate 201, a primary air distribution port 202, a movable grate 203, a secondary air distribution port 204, a cold water spray head 301, a scraper conveyor 302, an ash storage tank 303, a heat exchanger 401, a quartic air distribution port 402, a flue gas channel 403, a gas combustion chamber 404, an ash collection tank 405, a tertiary air distribution port 406, a dust box 501, a cyclone inner cavity 502, a flue gas inlet 503, a flue gas outlet 504, a flue gas discharge port 601 and a flue gas sleeve 602.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A continuous straw bundle burning boiler comprises a feeding system 1, a combustion system 2 and a heat exchange system 4; the feeding system 1 is arranged on the uppermost layer, the combustion system is positioned at the lower end of the feeding system, and the heat exchange system is positioned at the side end of the combustion system; the combustion system comprises a furnace chamber 200, a fixed grate 201, a movable grate 203, a primary air distribution port 202 and a secondary air distribution port 204, wherein the fixed grate 201 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace chamber 200, the movable grate 203 is arranged below the fixed grate 201, the primary air distribution port 202 is arranged at the fixed grate, and the secondary air distribution port 204 is arranged at the movable grate. The heat exchange system comprises a gas combustion chamber 404, a heat exchanger 401, a tertiary air distribution port 406 and a quaternary air distribution port 402; the heat exchanger 401 is arranged in the gas combustion chamber 404, the bottom of the combustion system 2 is provided with a flue gas channel 403 communicated with the gas combustion chamber 404, one side, close to the combustion system, above the heat exchanger 401 is provided with a quartic air distribution port 402, the opposite side of the flue gas channel 403 is provided with a tertiaic air distribution port 406, flue gas generated by the combustion system enters the gas combustion chamber through the flue gas channel 403, tertiaic air and the flue gas are subjected to convective mixing, combustible gas in the flue gas is fully combusted, and high-temperature flue gas after combustion is subjected to full heat exchange with circulating water through the heat exchanger, so that heat energy conversion. The four air distribution ports realize the secondary combustion of the smoke and the smoke diversion function and guide the smoke to the dust removal system.
The bottom of the gas combustion chamber 404 is in a shape of a sloping funnel, and an ash collecting box 405 is arranged below the gas combustion chamber. The feeding system 1 comprises a hydraulic push rod 101 and a feeding hearth 103, and the hydraulic push rod 101 is positioned outside the feeding hearth 103.
The utility model discloses still include slag removal system 3, slag removal system includes cold water shower nozzle 301, scraper conveyor 302 and ash storage box 303, and scraper conveyor 302 is put to one side, and its lower extreme is located combustion system 2 under, and its upper end is located ash storage box 303, and cold water shower nozzle 301 is located scraper conveyor 302's top.
The utility model discloses still include dust pelletizing system 5, dust pelletizing system 5 is located heat transfer system 4's right-hand member, including inner chamber 502 and the dust case 501 of establishing at its lower extreme, inner chamber 502 top one end is equipped with the flue gas entry 503 with heat transfer system 4 intercommunication, and the inner chamber 502 top other end is equipped with exhanst gas outlet 504.
The utility model discloses still include waste heat utilization system 6, waste heat utilization system includes flue gas sleeve 602 and exhanst gas port 601, and flue gas sleeve 602 wraps up in charge-in system furnace's outer lane.
When the straw bundle heat exchanger works, firstly, the hydraulic push rod 101 of the feeding system 1 is utilized to load straw bundles into a boiler, the fixed grate 201 is ignited, the multi-stage air distribution system is started, when the temperature in the combustion furnace chamber 200 is stable, circulating water is turned on, heat exchange is carried out on the heat exchanger, and the slag removal system 3 is turned on. Straw carbon generated in the combustion process falls into the movable grate 203, the straw carbon is fully combusted under the condition of secondary air distribution, and generated ash and slag are discharged to the ash collection box 405 through the slag removal system 3; the generated volatile gas enters a gas combustion chamber (404) through a flue gas channel and is mixed with tertiary air for combustion, flue gas ash falls into an ash collection box 405 in the process, the generated high-temperature flue gas fully exchanges heat with circulating water through a heat exchanger 401, the high-temperature flue gas enters a cyclone dust removal system 5 under the guide of quartic air for secondary dust removal, and dust falls into a dust box 501. The flue gas after cyclone dust removal enters a waste heat utilization system 6, exchanges heat with the straw bundle through a flue gas jacket, is used for drying pretreatment of the straw bundle, is discharged out of the furnace, and can be connected with a water film dust removal or bag-type dust remover and the like at the rear end to perform further flue gas cleaning and purification.
Claims (6)
1. A continuous straw bundle burning boiler comprises a feeding system, a combustion system and a heat exchange system; the method is characterized in that: the feeding system (1) is arranged on the uppermost layer, the combustion system is positioned at the lower end of the feeding system, and the heat exchange system is positioned at the side end of the combustion system; the combustion system comprises a furnace chamber (200), a fixed grate (201), a movable grate (203), a primary air distribution port (202) and a secondary air distribution port (204), wherein the fixed grate (201) is arranged at the bottom of the furnace chamber (200), the movable grate (203) is arranged below the fixed grate (201), the primary air distribution port (202) is arranged at the fixed grate, and the secondary air distribution port (204) is arranged at the movable grate; the heat exchange system comprises a gas combustion chamber (404), a heat exchanger (401), a tertiary air distribution port (406) and a quaternary air distribution port (402), wherein the heat exchanger (401) is arranged in the gas combustion chamber (404), a flue gas channel (403) communicated with the gas combustion chamber (404) is arranged at the bottom of the combustion system (2), the quaternary air distribution port (402) is arranged on one side, close to the combustion system, above the heat exchanger (401), and the tertiary air distribution port (406) is arranged on the opposite side of the flue gas channel (403).
2. The continuous straw-baling boiler of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the gas combustion chamber (404) is in a slope funnel shape, and an ash collecting box (405) is arranged below the gas combustion chamber.
3. A continuous straw-baling boiler as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the feeding system (1) comprises a hydraulic push rod (101) and a feeding hearth (103), wherein the hydraulic push rod (101) is positioned on the outer side of the feeding hearth (103).
4. The continuous straw-baling boiler as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the slag cleaning system comprises a cold water spray head (301), a scraper conveyor (302) and an ash storage box (303), wherein the scraper conveyor (302) is arranged obliquely, the lower end of the scraper conveyor is positioned right below the combustion system (2), the upper end of the scraper conveyor is positioned in the ash storage box (303), and the cold water spray head (301) is positioned above the scraper conveyor (302).
5. The continuous straw-baling boiler of claim 4, wherein: the dust removal system (5) is located at the right end of the heat exchange system (4) and comprises an inner cavity (502) and a dust box (501) arranged at the lower end of the inner cavity, a flue gas inlet (503) communicated with the heat exchange system (4) is formed in one end of the top of the inner cavity (502), and a flue gas outlet (504) is formed in the other end of the top of the inner cavity (502).
6. The continuous straw-baling boiler of claim 5, wherein: still include waste heat utilization system (6), waste heat utilization system includes flue gas sleeve (602) and flue gas discharge port (601), and flue gas sleeve (602) parcel is at the outer lane of charge-in system furnace.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020201560.4U CN211667807U (en) | 2020-02-24 | 2020-02-24 | Continuous straw bundle burning boiler |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020201560.4U CN211667807U (en) | 2020-02-24 | 2020-02-24 | Continuous straw bundle burning boiler |
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| CN211667807U true CN211667807U (en) | 2020-10-13 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111059525A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-04-24 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Continuous straw bundle burning boiler |
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2020
- 2020-02-24 CN CN202020201560.4U patent/CN211667807U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111059525A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-04-24 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Continuous straw bundle burning boiler |
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