CN211660528U - Article grading device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an article grading device, which comprises a conveying mechanism, an article acquisition mechanism arranged at the feeding end of the conveying mechanism, article grading equipment arranged at the middle part of the conveying mechanism, an index plate arranged below the discharging end of the conveying mechanism, a plurality of material collecting boxes circumferentially distributed on the index plate and a control module; the material collecting boxes correspond to the grades one by one; the article acquisition mechanism comprises a horizontal sliding rail, a support, a horizontal sliding block, a vertical sliding rail, a vertical sliding block, at least one material suction pump arranged at the bottom of the vertical sliding block, a first driving unit for driving the vertical sliding block, and a second driving unit for driving the horizontal sliding block to slide. The control module controls the article acquisition mechanism to acquire articles to be classified and places the articles to be classified on the conveying mechanism; the articles to be classified enter the article classifying equipment through the conveying mechanism, and the output end of the article classifying equipment is connected with the control end of the dividing plate. The device has simple structure, can realize the automatic classification of articles, the classified storage of articles, convenient use, safety and sanitation.

Description

Article grading device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an article field of selecting in grades, concretely relates to article grading plant.

Background

In life or production, it is usually necessary to distinguish quality grades of articles, such as quality grades of economic crops or agricultural products such as tobacco leaves, tea leaves, fruits and the like, so as to achieve grading sale or grading processing to obtain greater economic benefits. With the rapid development of economy, people have more and more demands on cash crop products or agricultural products, and how to realize efficient, convenient and low-cost grading on the cash crops or the agricultural products becomes an urgent problem.

At present, the processing and production of economic crops or agricultural products are mainly selected and graded manually, subjective feelings such as vision, touch, smell and the like of workers are mainly relied on, and judgment is carried out by combining self experience. The method needs to consume considerable manpower, material resources and financial resources, the defects of low accuracy, low efficiency and the like of classification can be caused by subjective factors, mental states and other reasons of workers, and meanwhile, the purely manual classification method also brings hidden dangers to the health safety of food.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide an article grading device.

In order to realize the above purpose of the utility model, the utility model provides an article grading device, which comprises a conveying mechanism, an article acquisition mechanism arranged above the feeding end of the conveying mechanism, article grading equipment arranged in the middle of the conveying mechanism, an index plate arranged below the discharging end of the conveying mechanism, a plurality of material collecting boxes circumferentially distributed on the index plate, and a control module; the material collecting boxes correspond to the grades one by one; the article acquisition mechanism comprises a horizontal slide rail, a bracket for supporting the horizontal slide rail, a horizontal slide block sliding along the horizontal slide rail, a vertical slide rail arranged on the horizontal slide block, a vertical slide block sliding along the vertical slide rail, at least one suction pump arranged at the bottom of the vertical slide block, a first driving unit for driving the vertical slide block to slide along the vertical slide rail, and a second driving unit for driving the horizontal slide block to slide along the horizontal slide rail; the control module controls the article acquisition mechanism to acquire articles to be classified and places the articles to be classified on the conveying mechanism; the articles to be classified enter the article classification device through the conveying mechanism, the output end of the article classification device is connected with the grade signal input end of the control module, and the sorting signal output end of the control module is connected with the control end of the dividing plate.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the article grading device can acquire and transmit articles to be graded to the conveying mechanism by utilizing a two-dimensional sliding rail structure formed by the horizontal sliding rail and the vertical sliding rail, and controls the index plate to rotate according to grade information output by the article grading equipment, so that the material collecting box corresponding to the grade information is just opposite to the material discharging end of the conveying mechanism to receive the articles to be graded, and the articles of different grades can be stored into different material collecting boxes only by rotating the index plate, so that the structure is simple. The device can realize the advantages of automatic classification of articles, classified storage of articles, convenient use, safety, sanitation, low cost, strong expansibility and the like, and can well solve the problem that the classification of articles such as tobacco leaves, fruits and the like mainly depends on manual completion at present. The article acquisition mechanism adopts a two-dimensional sliding rail structure, integrates the functions of feeding, acquisition, transmission and the like, and has simple structure and control principle, convenient implementation and lower cost.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conveying mechanism includes a bottom frame, a belt disposed on the top end of the bottom frame for driving the articles to be classified to move, two parallel guide rails disposed on both sides of the belt, a belt driving unit for driving the belt to rotate, and a conveying control switch for controlling the belt driving unit to start or close; the article grading equipment is arranged on the two parallel guide rails; the transmission control switch is connected in series in a power supply loop of the belt driving unit.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: a form of conveyor mechanism is disclosed that facilitates handling and transporting of articles. The belt is soft and is not easy to damage the appearance of the article.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the article grading device comprises a light shielding housing; the shading shell comprises a body with a hollow structure and outer edge parts arranged at two ends of the body, and the inner wall of the body and/or the outer edge parts is black; the bottom of the shading shell is provided with a connecting mechanism connected with parallel guide rails on two sides of an external conveying mechanism, and an article to be detected penetrates through the shading shell under the driving of the conveying mechanism; an image sensor is arranged at the top in the shading shell, a strip-shaped light source is arranged on the side wall in the shading shell, and a sixth in-place sensor is arranged at an inlet of an article to be classified of the body; and the control module controls the image sensor to shoot an image of the article to be graded according to the in-place signal output by the sixth in-place sensor and processes the image to obtain a grade signal of the article to be graded.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the outer edge part is arranged to effectively avoid the influence of external light on image acquisition; the inner wall of the body and/or the outer edge part is light-tight, so that light inside the shell can be prevented from leaking, and the illumination intensity is influenced; the inner wall of the body and/or the outer edge part is black, so that reflected light in the shell can be absorbed, the influence of the reflected light on image acquisition is avoided, and the accuracy of image identification and processing is improved. The connecting mechanism facilitates the application of the grading equipment to a production line. And (4) effectively identifying the articles to be classified in place when entering the shell, and automatically acquiring pictures according to the identification result in place. The strip-shaped light source is arranged on the side wall inside the shading shell, so that the lighting light does not influence the shooting quality of the image sensor.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the belt has a color different or not similar to the color of the article to be graded.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: it is easy to distinguish the belt as background and the item to be graded from the picture taken by the image sensor.

The utility model discloses an in the preferred embodiment, article classification equipment includes the cross-over connection in the arc support of two parallel guide of transport mechanism, locates the distance sensor and the hierarchical module on summit in the arc support, distance sensor is used for acquireing distance sensor and the distance of its lower extreme article, and distance sensor's output is connected with control module's distance input end, and control module selects separately the control end of signal to graduated disk according to distance signal output.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: this article classification equipment simple structure, cost are lower, and the distance information through distance sensor output is convenient for obtain the height of waiting to grade article, can assess the size of waiting to grade article, and highly big more, can think that waiting to grade article big more, be convenient for classify according to the article that the size distinguishes the grade, highly think more highly more that one is big more when fruit such as apple, pear are erect or lie flat and place, generally think that one is big more the quality grade is high more.

The utility model discloses an in the preferred embodiment, still include the grade suggestion unit, the input of grade suggestion unit is connected with control module's display signal output part.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the related personnel can conveniently and intuitively obtain the grade information of the articles to be graded.

The utility model discloses an in the preferred embodiment, still including being located accomodate the material basket of waiting hierarchical article directly under the horizontal sliding rail right-hand member portion, material basket bottom is equipped with the vibrator. The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: will be provided withThe articles needing to be classified are loaded into the material basket in batches, and do not need to be placed one by one, so that the labor is saved. Simultaneously, in order to avoid snatching gradually along with article in the charging basket, article are the problem that follow-up snatching of being not convenient for of sunken form in the charging basket, set up the vibrator, make the article in the charging basket through the vibratorShaking uniformly to the horizontalThe shape is favorable for grabbing.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an article grading apparatus in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an article classifying apparatus according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a first portion of a hardware configuration diagram of a first hardware control module in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a second portion of a hardware configuration diagram of a first hardware control module in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a third portion of a hardware configuration diagram of a first hardware control module in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a fourth portion of a hardware configuration diagram of a first hardware control module in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a hardware block diagram of a second hardware control module in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a hardware configuration diagram of a third hardware control module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1 a conveying mechanism; 11 a chassis; 12a belt; 13 a guide rail; 2 an article acquisition mechanism; 21 horizontal sliding rails; 22 a support; 23 horizontal sliding blocks; 24 vertical slide rails; 25 vertical sliding blocks; 26 a suction pump; 3 an article grading device; 31 a body; 32 outer edge portions; 33 an image sensor; 34 bar-shaped light sources; 35 sixth go to position sensor; 36 arc-shaped brackets; 37 a distance sensor; 4, dividing a disc; 5, collecting a material box; 6, classifying the articles; 7 a material basket; 8. a vibrator.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it is to be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, mechanically or electrically connected, or may be connected between two elements through an intermediate medium, or may be directly connected or indirectly connected, and specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The utility model discloses an article grading device, which comprises a conveying mechanism 1, an article acquisition mechanism 2 arranged above the feeding end of the conveying mechanism 1, an article grading device 3 arranged in the middle of the conveying mechanism 1, an index plate 4 arranged below the discharging end of the conveying mechanism 1, a plurality of material collecting boxes 5 circumferentially distributed on the index plate 4 and a control module, wherein the article acquisition mechanism 2 is arranged above the feeding end of the conveying mechanism 1; the material collecting boxes 5 correspond to the grades one by one;

the article acquisition mechanism 2 comprises a horizontal slide rail 21, a bracket 22 for supporting the horizontal slide rail 21, a horizontal slider 23 sliding along the horizontal slide rail 21, a vertical slide rail 24 arranged on the horizontal slider 23, a vertical slider 25 sliding along the vertical slide rail 24, at least one suction pump 26 arranged at the bottom of the vertical slider 25, a first driving unit for driving the vertical slider 25 to slide along the vertical slide rail 25, and a second driving unit for driving the horizontal slider 23 to slide along the horizontal slide rail 21;

the control module controls the article acquisition mechanism 2 to acquire the article 6 to be classified and places the article 6 to be classified on the conveying mechanism 1; the articles 6 to be classified enter the article classifying device 3 through the conveying mechanism 1, the output end of the article classifying device 3 is connected with the grade signal input end of the control module, and the sorting signal output end of the control module is connected with the control end of the dividing disc 4.

In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the first drive unit or the second drive unit includes a motor and a motor drive circuit; the motor can be a stepping motor or a direct current motor, can be a stepping motor with the model number of J-5718HBR2401, or can be a direct current motor with the model number of DEC 1636-12120; the motor driving circuit preferably but not limited to select a driving chip such as TMC246/TMC249 or the like, and the specific circuit structure may refer to a driving chip technical manual, which is not described herein again. Preferably, the first drive unit and the second drive unit may also be existing pneumatic drive mechanisms. Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the horizontal slider 23 is L-shaped.

In this embodiment, the control module controls the working process of the article acquiring mechanism 2 to be: when the device is powered on, the material suction pump 26 does not adsorb the to-be-classified article 6 at the moment, and the material suction pump 26 is controlled to be started; controlling the second driving unit to drive the horizontal sliding block 23 to move to the right end of the horizontal sliding rail 21, controlling the second driving unit to stop working, and stopping the horizontal sliding block 23 from moving; controlling the first driving unit to drive the vertical sliding block 25 to move to the lower end of the vertical sliding rail 24, after adsorbing the articles to be classified 26, controlling the first driving unit to drive the vertical sliding block 25 to move to the upper end of the vertical sliding rail 24, controlling the first driving unit to stop working, and stopping the vertical sliding block 25 from moving; and controlling the second driving unit to drive the horizontal sliding block 23 to move leftwards to the middle of the horizontal sliding rail 21, controlling the suction pump 26 to be closed, releasing the article 6 to be classified to the conveying mechanism 1, finishing the acquisition work of one article 6 to be classified, and continuously acquiring the next article 6 to be classified according to the process. The two-dimensional guide rail control method can adopt the existing two-dimensional slide rail control technical scheme.

In the present embodiment, the conveying mechanism 1 preferably, but not limited to, adopts an existing belt transmission mechanism or roller transmission mechanism, and a dc motor or a stepping motor can be used as a driving unit of the conveying mechanism 1, and a motor shaft of the motor is in transmission connection with a belt roller or a part of rollers.

In this embodiment, the structure of the article classifying device 3 and the method for the control module to obtain the grade signal from the article classifying device 3 may adopt the structure of the tobacco leaf detection module and the method for obtaining the grade signal disclosed in chinese patent with publication number CN107952696B, and are not described herein again.

In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the index plate 4 selects an existing product whose rotation angle can be controlled electrically, and the rotation angle of the index plate 4 can be controlled by an electrical signal, such as ZT12 (1000-.

In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the index plate 4 includes a horizontally disposed disk and a disk drive unit that drives the disk to rotate. The disk drive unit may be a stepper motor with a hole in the center of the disk for coaxial connection with the motor shaft of the stepper motor, preferably but not exclusively a stepper motor of the type 4218HB 3401.

In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the articles are provided in a plurality of grades such as primary, secondary, tertiary, defective, etc., each grade corresponding to one of the catch tanks 5. As shown in fig. 1, the shape of the material collecting box 5 may be a sector, and the material collecting box and the index plate 4 may be connected by screws. Preferably, one of the plurality of material collecting boxes 5 is preset to be at a zero position of the index plate 4, the other material collecting boxes 5 are provided with rotation angles away from the zero position in a clockwise sequence, the number of the material collecting boxes 5 is 4 at this time, the rotation angles of the other 3 material collecting boxes 5 are respectively 90 °, 180 ° and 270 °, the control module comprises a processor, a plurality of grades and the rotation angles of the index plate 4 corresponding to the grades are preset in the processor, and after the processor obtains the grade signals from the article grading equipment 3, the processor outputs rotation angle signals corresponding to the grade signals to a control end (which can be a stepping motor control signal input end of the index plate 4) of the index plate 4 to control the index plate 4 to rotate, so that the material collecting boxes 5 corresponding to the grade signals are opposite to a discharging end of the conveying mechanism 1. The processor can select a PLC or an FPGA, etc., and the pre-storing of the rotation angle of the index plate 4 and the controlling of the rotation of the index plate 4 involved in the above process are prior arts, for example, the technical solution disclosed in chinese patent with publication number CN209156457U can be referred to, and will not be described herein again.

In the present embodiment, the suction pump 26 may be selected from the existing negative pressure suction air pumps, such as the RB-41D-3 suction pump available from Suzhou Total wind environmental protection corporation.

In this embodiment, preferably, the control module further includes a first hardware control module, the first hardware control module includes a first in-place sensor disposed on the bottom end surface of the vertical slider 25, a second in-place sensor and a third in-place sensor respectively disposed on the lower end and the upper end of the vertical slide rail 24, a fourth in-place sensor disposed on the right end of the horizontal slide rail 23, a fifth in-place sensor disposed in the middle of the horizontal slide rail 23, a first switch serially connected to the power supply circuit of the first driving unit, a second switch serially connected to the power supply circuit of the second driving unit, a third switch serially connected to the power supply circuit of the suction pump 26, a first and gate, a second and gate, a third and gate, a fourth and gate, a fifth and gate, a sixth and gate, a first or gate, a second or gate, a third or gate, a first not gate, a second not gate, a nor gate, a first triode, a second triode, a first differential amplifier, The circuit comprises a second differential amplifier, a reference power supply, a first resistor and a second resistor.

As shown in fig. 5, the start or stop control circuit of the first driving unit specifically includes: the output end of the third in-place sensor is connected with the first input end of the first AND gate, the output end of the first in-place sensor is respectively connected with the first input end of the third OR gate and the input end of the first NOT gate, the output end of the fourth in-place sensor is connected with the input end of the second NOT gate, the output end of the second NOT gate is connected with the second input end of the third OR gate, the output end of the third OR gate is connected with the second input end of the first AND gate, the output end of the first AND gate is connected with the first input end of the first OR gate, the output end of the second in-place sensor is connected with the first input end of the second AND gate, the output end of the first NOT gate is connected with the second input end of the second AND gate, the output end of the second AND gate is connected with the second input end of the first OR gate, and the output end of the first OR gate is.

As shown in fig. 6, it is a start or stop control circuit of the second driving unit and the suction pump 26, specifically: the output end of the fourth in-place sensor is connected with the first input end of the third AND gate, the output end of the first in-place sensor is respectively connected with the first input end of the NOR gate and the first input end of the fourth AND gate, the output end of the third in-place sensor is connected with the second input end of the NOR gate, the output end of the NOR gate is connected with the second input end of the third AND gate, the output end of the third AND gate is connected with the first input end of the second OR gate, the output end of the fifth in-place sensor is connected with the second input end of the fourth AND gate, the output end of the fourth AND gate is respectively connected with the second input end of the second OR gate and the control end of the third switch, and the output end of the second OR gate is connected with the control of the second switch.

As shown in fig. 7, the driving signal obtaining circuit of the second driving circuit specifically includes: the output end of the first in-place sensor is connected with the first input end of the fifth AND gate, the output end of the third in-place sensor is connected with the second input end of the fifth AND gate, the output end of the fifth AND gate is connected with the base electrode of the second triode, the collector electrode of the second triode is connected with the power supply end, the emitter electrode of the second triode is respectively connected with the first end of the second resistor and the positive input end of the second differential amplifier, the negative input end of the second differential amplifier is connected with the output end of the reference power supply, the second end of the second resistor is connected with the ground, and the output end of the second differential amplifier is connected with the driving signal input end of the second driving unit.

As shown in fig. 8, the driving signal obtaining circuit of the first driving circuit specifically includes: the output end of the first in-place sensor is connected with the first input end of the sixth AND gate, the output end of the fourth in-place sensor is connected with the second input end of the sixth AND gate, the output end of the sixth AND gate is connected with the base electrode of the first triode, the collector electrode of the first triode is connected with the power supply end, the emitter electrode of the first triode is respectively connected with the first end of the first resistor and the positive input end of the first differential amplifier, the negative input end of the first differential amplifier is connected with the output end of the reference power supply, the second end of the first resistor is connected with the ground, and the output end of the first differential amplifier is connected with the driving signal input end of the first driving unit.

The voltage value of the reference power supply is smaller than that of the power supply terminal. The reference power supply can be obtained by voltage division from a power supply end through an existing resistance voltage division network, and preferably, the output voltage value of the reference power supply is 0.5 times of that of the power supply end.

In the present embodiment, the first in-place sensor, the second in-place sensor, the third in-place sensor, the first in-place sensor, the fourth in-place sensor and the fifth in-place sensor can all select the existing photoelectric switch.

In the present embodiment, preferably, the first switch, the second switch and the third switch may be existing relay switches whose contacts are normally closed, such as normally closed solid state relays. The first AND gate, the second AND gate, the third AND gate, the fourth AND gate, the fifth AND gate and the sixth AND gate can select an AND gate chip with the model number of 7408; the first or gate, the second or gate and the third or gate may select an or gate chip of model 7432. The nor gate is preferably, but not limited to, a 74LS04 model. The first differential amplifier and the second differential amplifier can both adopt the existing analog partial amplification circuit built by using an operational amplifier, the operational amplifier is preferably but not limited to select OP27 or OPA128, the specific circuit structure is the prior art, and the details are not repeated herein. The first triode and the second triode can be selected from PNP type triodes. The resistance values of the first resistor and the second resistor are preferably, but not limited to, 10K Ω.

In this embodiment, the logic hardware circuits shown in fig. 5 and 6 respectively control the on/off of the first switch, the second switch and the third switch, and further control the start or stop of the first driving unit, the second driving unit and the suction pump 26; the hardware circuits shown in fig. 7 and 8 respectively control the positive and negative voltages output by the second differential amplifier and the first differential amplifier, and further control the horizontal slider 23 driven by the second driving unit to move left or right, and control the vertical slider 25 driven by the first driving unit to move up or down.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the first drive unit needs to be turned off when one of the following two conditions occurs: the first condition is as follows: when the third arrival sensor detects that the vertical slider 25 is positioned at the upper end of the vertical slide rail 24 (the third arrival sensor outputs a high level), and the third or gate outputs a high level, namely the first arrival sensor detects that the article 6 to be classified is adsorbed to the bottom end face of the vertical slider 25 (the first arrival sensor outputs a high level), or the fourth arrival sensor does not detect that the horizontal slider 23 is positioned at the right end of the horizontal slide rail 21 (the fourth arrival sensor outputs a low level, and the second not gate outputs a high level), the first and gate outputs a high level, the first or gate outputs a high level, the control end of the first switch obtains a high level, the normally closed contact of the first switch is disconnected, the first driving unit is powered off, the vertical slider 25 stops moving, so that the vertical slider 25 does not move on the vertical slide rail 24 when the horizontal slider 23 moves leftwards and rightwards on the horizontal slide rail 21; case two: when the second in-place sensor detects that the vertical sliding block 25 is located at the lower end of the vertical sliding rail 24 (the second in-place sensor outputs a high level), the first in-place sensor detects that the to-be-classified article 6 is not adsorbed to the bottom end face of the vertical sliding block 25 (the first in-place sensor outputs a low level), the low level is changed into a high level by the first NOT gate, the second AND gate outputs a high level, the first OR gate outputs a high level, the control end of the first switch obtains a high level, the normally closed contact of the first switch is disconnected, the first driving unit is powered off, and the vertical sliding block 25 stops moving downwards.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the second drive unit needs to be turned off when one of the following two conditions occurs: the first condition is as follows: when the fourth in-place sensor detects that the horizontal slider 23 is positioned at the right end of the horizontal slide rail 21 (the fourth in-place sensor outputs a high level), and the nor gate outputs a high level at the same time, that is, when the first in-place sensor does not detect that the article 6 to be classified is adsorbed to the bottom end face of the vertical slider 25 (the first in-place sensor outputs a low level) or the third in-place sensor detects that the vertical slider 25 is not positioned at the upper end of the vertical slide rail 24 (the third in-place sensor outputs a low level), the nor gate outputs a high level, the third and gate outputs a high level, the second or gate outputs a high level, the control end of the second switch obtains a high level, the normally closed contact of the second switch is disconnected, the second driving unit is powered off, and the horizontal slider 23 stops moving, so that the horizontal slider 23 cannot move on the horizontal slide rail 21 when the vertical slider 25; case two: when the fifth in-position sensor detects that the horizontal slider 23 is positioned in the middle of the horizontal slide rail 21 (the fifth in-position sensor outputs a high level), and the first in-place sensor detects that the article 6 to be classified is adsorbed to the bottom end face of the vertical slide block 25 (the first in-place sensor outputs high level), the fourth AND gate outputs high level, the second OR gate outputs high level, the control end of the second switch obtains high level, the normally closed contact of the second switch is disconnected, the second driving unit is powered off, the vertical slide block 25 stops moving, the control end of the third switch obtains high level, the normally closed contact of the third switch is disconnected, the suction pump 26 is powered off, the article 6 to be classified is released to the conveyor belt, when the article 6 to be classified is released, the first in-place sensor outputs a low level, the fourth and gate outputs a low level, the control end of the third switch obtains a low level, the normally closed contact of the third switch is closed, and the suction pump 26 is started.

In this embodiment, when the output states of the first in-place sensor, the second in-place sensor, the third in-place sensor and the fourth in-place sensor make the control terminal of the first switch obtain a low level in the hardware circuit shown in fig. 5, the normally closed contact of the first switch is closed, the first driving unit is started, at this time, as shown in fig. 8, if the first in-place sensor detects that the article 6 to be classified is adsorbed to the bottom end surface of the vertical slider 25 (the first in-place sensor outputs a high level), and at the same time, the fourth in-place sensor detects that the horizontal slider 23 is positioned at the right end of the horizontal slide rail 21 (the fourth in-place sensor outputs a high level), the sixth and gate outputs a high level, the first triode is turned on, the voltage at the positive input end of the first differential amplifier is the power supply terminal voltage VCC, the driving signal input end of the first driving unit obtains a positive voltage, and, driving the object 6 to be classified to move upwards; if the first in-place sensor detects that the to-be-classified article 6 is not adsorbed to the bottom end face of the vertical sliding block 25 (the first in-place sensor outputs high level), the sixth and gate outputs low level, the first triode is cut off, the voltage of the positive input end of the first differential amplifier is the ground, the driving signal input end of the first driving unit obtains negative voltage, and the vertical sliding block 25 is driven to move downwards along the vertical sliding rail 24.

In this embodiment, when the output states of the first in-place sensor, the fifth in-place sensor, the third in-place sensor and the fourth in-place sensor make the control terminal of the second switch obtain a low level in the hardware circuit shown in fig. 6, the normally closed contact of the second switch is closed, the second driving unit is started, at this time, as shown in fig. 7, if the first in-place sensor detects that the article 6 to be classified is adsorbed to the bottom end surface of the vertical slider 25 (the first in-place sensor outputs a high level), and at the same time, the third in-place sensor detects that the vertical slider 25 is positioned at the right end of the vertical slide rail 24 (the third in-place sensor outputs a high level), the fifth and gate outputs a high level, the second triode is turned on, the voltage at the positive input end of the second differential amplifier is the power supply terminal voltage VCC, the driving signal input end of the second driving unit obtains a positive voltage, and, driving the object 6 to be classified to move leftwards; if the first in-place sensor detects that the article 6 to be classified is not adsorbed to the bottom end face of the vertical sliding block 25 (the first in-place sensor outputs high level), the fifth and gate outputs low level, the second triode is cut off, the voltage of the positive input end of the second differential amplifier is the ground, the driving signal input end of the second driving unit obtains negative voltage, and the horizontal sliding block 23 is driven to move rightwards along the horizontal sliding rail 21.

In a preferred embodiment, the conveying mechanism 1 comprises a bottom frame 11, a belt 12 arranged at the upper end of the bottom frame 11 and used for driving the articles 6 to be classified to move, two parallel guide rails 13 arranged at two sides of the belt 12, a belt driving unit used for driving the belt 12 to rotate and a conveying control switch used for controlling the belt driving unit to be started or stopped; the article grading device 3 is mounted on two parallel guide rails 13; the transmission control switch is connected in series in a power supply loop of the belt driving unit.

In this embodiment, the transmission control switch is preferably, but not limited to, a manual switch, or an electric control switch, such as a relay, and when the transmission control switch is an electric control switch, a control terminal of the electric control switch is connected to a transmission control terminal of the control module, so as to facilitate automatic control.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the direction of the arrow in fig. 3 is the entry direction of the articles to be graded, and the article grading device 3 comprises a light-shielding housing; the shading shell comprises a body 31 with a hollow structure and outer edge parts 32 arranged at two ends of the body 31, wherein the inner walls of the body 31 and/or the outer edge parts 32 are black;

the bottom of the shading shell is provided with a connecting mechanism connected with parallel guide rails 13 on two sides of an external conveying mechanism 1, and an object 6 to be detected penetrates through the shading shell under the driving of the conveying mechanism 1;

an image sensor 33 is arranged at the top in the shading shell, a strip-shaped light source 34 is arranged on the side wall in the shading shell, and a sixth in-place sensor 35 is arranged at an inlet of an article to be classified of the body 31;

the control module controls the image sensor 33 to shoot the image of the article 6 to be graded according to the in-place signal output by the sixth in-place sensor 35 and processes the image to obtain the grade signal of the article 6 to be graded. In the present embodiment, the sixth through-position sensor 35 is preferably, but not limited to, a correlation type photoelectric switch having light receiving and light emitting portions respectively provided on both inner walls of the inlet of the body 31 for the article to be classified, the light receiving portion outputs a high level signal in response to a light signal from the light emitting portion when the article 6 to be classified is not positioned at the inlet of the body 31 for the article to be classified (the article 6 to be classified is not introduced into the body 31 or has passed through the inlet of the body 31), and the light receiving portion outputs a low level signal in response to no light signal from the light emitting portion when the article 6 to be classified is positioned at the inlet of the body 31 for the article to be classified, so that a change in the output signal of the light receiving portion is detected by an I/O pin of a processor of the control module, the image sensor 33 is controlled to photograph when there is a change in, the algorithm involved in the method is the prior art, or the above process is completed by adopting a hardware circuit, the control module further comprises a second hardware control module, as shown in fig. 9, the second hardware control module comprises a trigger unit, the output end of the sixth in-place sensor 35 is connected with the input end of the trigger unit, the output end of the trigger unit is connected with the start end of the image sensor 33, and when the output signal of the sixth in-place sensor 35 changes, the trigger unit outputs a high level to the start end of the image sensor 33 to start the image sensor 33 to shoot. The trigger unit is preferably, but not limited to, a falling edge trigger, such as model number SN74LS112A or IN74HC 273A.

In the present embodiment, the connection mechanism is preferably, but not limited to, an existing snap structure, a clamping mechanism, or the like.

In this embodiment, preferably, the strip light source 34 is a LED strip, such as a white LED strip; preferably, the strip light source 34 is disposed on the upper portion of the inner side wall of the light-shielding shell and is respectively located on the front side wall and the rear side wall; preferably, the strip light source 34 is in a closed or non-closed shape on the inner side wall of the light shielding shell, and when not closed, one strip light source 34 can be respectively arranged on the front and rear side walls of the light shielding shell.

In a preferred embodiment, the belt 12 is of a color different or dissimilar to the color of the item 6 to be graded. In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the color of the belt 12 is largely different from the color of the item 6 to be classified, and the color of the belt 12 may be white in order to be well distinguished from the item 6 to be classified, if the item 6 to be classified is tobacco.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the article sorting device 3 comprises an arc-shaped support 36 connected across the two parallel guide rails 13 of the conveying mechanism 1, and a distance sensor 37 arranged at an inner vertex of the arc-shaped support 36, wherein the distance sensor 37 is used for acquiring the distance between the distance sensor 37 and an article at the lower end of the distance sensor, the output end of the distance sensor 37 is connected with the distance input end of the control module, and the control module outputs a sorting signal to the control end of the index plate 4 according to the distance signal.

In the present embodiment, the arc bracket 36 is preferably, but not limited to, a semicircular or triangular bracket, and both ends thereof are connected to the two parallel guide rails 13 by a connecting part such as a bolt. The distance sensor 37 is preferably, but not limited to, an existing laser ranging sensor, ultrasonic ranging sensor, etc., and preferably, is used to measure a vertical distance from the lower end article, the distance sensor 37 is used to measure a vertical distance from the upper surface of the article 6 to be sorted when the article 6 to be sorted is located therebelow, and the distance sensor 37 is used to measure a vertical distance from the upper surface of the belt when the article 6 to be sorted is not located therebelow. The distance signal can be used as a grade signal, the shorter the distance is, the higher the grade is, and the rotating angles of the index plate 4 corresponding to different distance intervals can be stored in the internal memory of the control module.

In this embodiment, preferably, the control module further includes a third hardware control module, as shown in fig. 10, the third hardware control module includes n-1 comparators, as shown in fig. 10, a1, a2, … …, An-1, n reference resistors r connected in series, n being the number of levels, the output terminals of the distance sensor 37 are respectively connected to the positive input terminals of the n-1 comparators, the negative input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the first terminal of the first reference resistor r1, the negative input terminal of the second comparator is connected to the first terminal of the second reference resistor r2, … …, the negative input terminal of the n-1 comparator is connected to the first terminal of the n-1 reference resistor rn-1, the output terminal of the first comparator is connected to the first I/O pin of the processor of the control module, the output terminal of the second comparator is connected to the second I/O pin of the processor of the control module, … …, the output end of the (n-1) th comparator is connected with the (n-1) th I/O pin of the processor of the control module, the processor can obtain the grade signal of the article to be graded by obtaining the level state of the (n-1) I/O pins, the processor controls the rotation of the index plate 4 according to the obtained grade signal is the prior art, for example, the technical scheme disclosed in the chinese patent with the reference publication No. CN209156457U, and the details are not repeated here.

In a preferred embodiment, the system further comprises a grade prompting unit, and an input end of the grade prompting unit is connected with a display signal output end of the control module.

In the present embodiment, the level prompting unit is preferably, but not limited to, a display, a horn, or a plurality of indicator lights of different colors.

In a preferred embodiment, the device further comprises a material basket 7 which is positioned right below the right end part of the horizontal sliding rail 21 and is used for accommodating the articles 6 to be classified, and the bottom of the material basket 7 is provided with a vibrator 8.

In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the control end of the vibrator 8 is connected to the vibration control end of the control module so as to be controlled in a unified manner. Preferably, the vibrator 8 may be vibrated intermittently or continuously. The vibrator 8 is preferably, but not limited to, a horizontal vibration platform of the straw mechanical limited company.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. An article grading device is characterized by comprising a conveying mechanism, an article acquisition mechanism arranged above a feeding end of the conveying mechanism, article grading equipment arranged in the middle of the conveying mechanism, an index plate arranged below a discharging end of the conveying mechanism, a plurality of material collecting boxes circumferentially distributed on the index plate and a control module;

the material collecting boxes correspond to the grades one by one;

the article acquisition mechanism comprises a horizontal slide rail, a bracket for supporting the horizontal slide rail, a horizontal slide block sliding along the horizontal slide rail, a vertical slide rail arranged on the horizontal slide block, a vertical slide block sliding along the vertical slide rail, at least one suction pump arranged at the bottom of the vertical slide block, a first driving unit for driving the vertical slide block to slide along the vertical slide rail, and a second driving unit for driving the horizontal slide block to slide along the horizontal slide rail;

the control module controls the article acquisition mechanism to acquire articles to be classified and places the articles to be classified on the conveying mechanism; the articles to be classified enter the article classification device through the conveying mechanism, the output end of the article classification device is connected with the grade signal input end of the control module, and the sorting signal output end of the control module is connected with the control end of the dividing plate.

2. The article grading device according to claim 1, wherein the conveying mechanism comprises a bottom frame, a belt arranged at the upper end of the bottom frame for driving the articles to be graded to move, two parallel guide rails arranged at two sides of the belt, a belt driving unit for driving the belt to rotate, and a conveying control switch for controlling the belt driving unit to be started or stopped; the article grading equipment is arranged on the two parallel guide rails; the transmission control switch is connected in series in a power supply loop of the belt driving unit.

3. The article grading device of claim 2, wherein the article grading apparatus comprises a light-shielding housing; the shading shell comprises a body with a hollow structure and outer edge parts arranged at two ends of the body, and the inner wall of the body and/or the outer edge parts is black;

the bottom of the shading shell is provided with a connecting mechanism connected with parallel guide rails on two sides of an external conveying mechanism, and an article to be detected penetrates through the shading shell under the driving of the conveying mechanism;

an image sensor is arranged at the top in the shading shell, a strip-shaped light source is arranged on the side wall in the shading shell, and a sixth in-place sensor is arranged at an inlet of an article to be classified of the body;

and the control module controls the image sensor to shoot an image of the article to be graded according to the in-place signal output by the sixth in-place sensor and processes the image to obtain a grade signal of the article to be graded.

4. An article grading apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the belt is of a different or dissimilar colour to the colour of the article to be graded.

5. The article grading device according to claim 2, wherein the article grading apparatus comprises an arc-shaped support bridged over two parallel guide rails of the conveying mechanism, and a distance sensor arranged at an inner vertex of the arc-shaped support, the distance sensor is used for acquiring the distance between the distance sensor and an article at the lower end of the distance sensor, the output end of the distance sensor is connected with the distance input end of the control module, and the control module outputs a sorting signal to the control end of the index plate according to the distance signal.

6. The item grading device of claim 1, further comprising a grade cue unit, an input of the grade cue unit being connected to the display signal output of the control module.

7. The article sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a basket for receiving articles to be sorted directly below the right end of the horizontal slide, wherein a vibrator is provided at the bottom of the basket.

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