CN211654949U

CN211654949U - Air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate

Info

Publication number: CN211654949U
Application number: CN202020221737.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 舒正龙; 刘征; 陈启章; 宋翔
Original assignee: Sinocat Environmental Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhongzi Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-27
Filing date: 2020-02-27
Publication date: 2020-10-09
Anticipated expiration: 2030-02-27

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of fuel cell bipolar plates, in particular to an air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate, which comprises a bipolar plate, wherein one side of the bipolar plate is a cathode surface, and the other side of the bipolar plate is an anode surface; the cathode pole face is provided with a cathode runner groove, and the anode pole face is provided with an anode runner groove; the end part of the bipolar plate is provided with a through hole which penetrates through the bipolar plate in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate; a mixing groove and a plurality of drainage grooves are arranged on the anode surface; the drainage grooves are communicated with the through hole and the mixing groove, and are arranged in a fan shape towards the mixing groove by taking the through hole as a center; the anode runner groove is communicated with one side of the mixing tank, which is far away from the drainage tank. The flow of the gas in the anode runner groove is increased, the pressure is consistent, and the gas flow is more uniform and stable.

Description

Air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fuel cell bipolar plate field, concretely relates to air cooling fuel cell bipolar plate.

Background

The fuel cell stack mainly comprises end plates, insulating plates, current collecting plates, bipolar plates, sealing elements, membrane electrode assemblies and fastening bolts; the method is divided into an air cooling electric pile and a liquid cooling electric pile according to the cooling form of the electric pile. The air-cooled electric pile mainly radiates heat to the electric pile, particularly to the bipolar plate through external air. The cathode of the air-cooled electric pile is of a closed type and an open type, air for cooling the cathode closed type electric pile and air participating in reaction are separately provided, and each air has a channel, so that the design and the structure are relatively complex; the air for cooling the open cathode type electric pile and the air participating in the reaction are supplied by the same path, and the air simultaneously carries out heat dissipation and cooling on the electric pile, particularly the bipolar plate in the process of participating in the reaction.

In the existing cathode open type air-cooled galvanic pile, one is that an anode plate and a cathode plate are respectively two independent plates, and then a bipolar plate and a galvanic pile thereof are formed by assembly; the other is to design the anode plate and the cathode plate integrally, namely, one surface of the bipolar plate is an anode surface, and the other surface of the bipolar plate is a cathode surface, and then the bipolar plate is repeatedly assembled to form the electric pile.

Chinese patent CN102683716B discloses a bipolar plate membrane electrode assembly, wherein one side of the bipolar plate is a cathode side, and the other side is an anode side. The anode surface is provided with a gas collection groove, a gas flow channel groove and a gas pipe positioned on the thickness plane of the outer edge of the bipolar plate. The gas collection groove is connected with the gas channel groove and the gas pipe. In the structure, gas enters into one side of the gas collection groove from the gas pipe, and because the distance between the gas inlet and the gas flow channel groove is different, the flow of the gas entering into the gas flow channel groove is uneven, so that the performance of the galvanic pile is affected, and the power density is uneven.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a: the air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate is provided to solve the problems that the distance between a gas inlet of the anode surface of the bipolar plate and a gas channel groove is different and the flow rate of gas in the gas channel groove is uneven in the prior art.

In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be:

an air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate comprises a bipolar plate, wherein one surface of the bipolar plate is a cathode surface, and the other surface of the bipolar plate is an anode surface; the cathode pole face is provided with a cathode runner groove, and the anode pole face is provided with an anode runner groove;

the end part of the bipolar plate is provided with a through hole which penetrates through the bipolar plate in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate;

a mixing groove and a plurality of drainage grooves are arranged on the anode surface;

the drainage grooves are communicated with the through hole and the mixing groove, and are arranged in a fan shape towards the mixing groove by taking the through hole as a center;

the anode runner groove is communicated with one side of the mixing tank, which is far away from the drainage tank.

By providing through holes in the ends of the bipolar plates. The two through holes can fully utilize the plane of the bipolar plate, and the sectional area of the gas channel is fully increased by increasing the sectional area of the through holes, so that the gas flow is increased, and the resistance is reduced; on the anode surface, the width of the mixing groove is larger than the diameter of the through hole. The through holes and the mixing grooves are connected through the drainage grooves, namely, the drainage grooves are connected to a line segment from one point, so that the fan-shaped arrangement is adopted in the connection from the point to the line segment, the diffusion and the flow of gas from the through holes to the first mixing groove are more uniform, and the flow and the pressure of each gas flow entering the first mixing groove are more consistent. When the gas passes through the plurality of drainage grooves, the gas is changed into a plurality of strands of gas flows which are uniformly conveyed into the mixing groove, and after the gas is further mixed in the mixing groove, the flow and the pressure of the gas flows tend to be consistent. The flow of the gas entering the anode runner groove is increased, the pressure is consistent, and the gas flow is more uniform and stable.

As the preferred proposal of the utility model, the plurality of drainage grooves are positioned at the middle position of the end part of the bipolar plate by the through hole. The through hole is positioned in the middle of the end part, and the fan-shaped shape is an axisymmetric fan-shaped shape. The length consistency of the drainage grooves is good; i.e., the difference between the longest and shortest drainage channels is the smallest.

As the preferred scheme of the utility model, the width that is located the drainage groove of fan-shaped left and right sides is greater than the width that is located the drainage groove in the middle of.

The length of the middle drainage groove is smaller than that of the left and right sides, the width of the left and right sides is increased, and the consistency of gas pressure is kept.

As the preferred scheme of the utility model, the drainage grooves have 3-7, preferably 3-5.

As the preferred proposal of the utility model, the drainage grooves have 3 drainage grooves. The drainage groove is three mutually independent drainage grooves, namely a first drainage groove in the middle, a second drainage groove on the left side and a third drainage groove on the right side, wherein the width of the second drainage groove and the width of the third drainage groove are both larger than that of the first drainage groove.

The adoption of three drainage grooves is convenient for the mechanical processing of the bipolar plate and is also beneficial to controlling the blockage problem of the drainage grooves.

As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the bottom surface of the first mixing tank is lower than the bottom surface of the anode runner groove; the bottom surface of drainage groove is less than the bottom surface of first mixing tank.

Through the arrangement, the airflow is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the airflow entering the anode runner groove through the sequentially-rising step-shaped structure. Meanwhile, gas after participating in the reaction and water vapor generated in the reaction can be smoothly discharged from top to bottom through the stepped structure.

As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the mixing tank includes a first mixing tank and a second mixing tank; the drainage groove, the first mixing groove, the second mixing groove and the anode runner groove are communicated in sequence; the bottom surface of the second mixing tank is lower than the bottom surface of the anode runner groove, and the bottom surface of the first mixing tank is lower than the bottom surface of the second mixing tank.

Through the arrangement of multiple steps, the uniformity of the air flow entering the anode runner groove is better.

As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the through holes include an air inlet through hole and an air outlet through hole, and the air inlet through hole and the air outlet through hole are located at two opposite ends of the bipolar plate; the drainage grooves comprise an air inlet end drainage groove and an air outlet end drainage groove, and the mixing grooves comprise an air inlet end mixing groove and an air outlet end mixing groove;

on the anode surface, the connecting line of the air inlet through hole and the air outlet through hole is transverse; the anode runner grooves are a plurality of grooves which are transversely and uniformly arranged in parallel;

the air inlet through holes, the air inlet end drainage groove, the air inlet end mixing groove and the air inlet end of the anode runner groove are sequentially connected;

the air outlet end, the air outlet mixing groove, the air outlet end drainage groove and the air outlet through hole of the anode runner groove are sequentially connected.

The anode runner grooves are transversely arranged in parallel, so that each anode runner groove is directly connected with the mixing tank. When the air flow passes through the anode runner groove, the direction is unchanged, and the air pressure is favorably controlled.

As the utility model discloses a preferred scheme still is equipped with the positive pole seal groove and the positive pole side sealing washer that match each other at bipolar plate positive pole face, the positive pole seal groove is located the positive pole runner recess with the through-hole outside.

As the utility model discloses a preferred scheme still is equipped with the cathode side seal groove and the cathode side sealing washer of mutual matching at bipolar plate cathode face, the cathode side seal groove is located through-hole department.

As the preferred scheme of the utility model, at the positive pole face first through-hole department is equipped with through-hole positive pole recess, through-hole positive pole recess is equipped with a plurality of drainage grooves, still includes the inserted sheet, the inserted sheet with through-hole positive pole recess matches. Through the arrangement of the embedded sheet, the through hole anode groove and the plurality of drainage grooves, the operation is more convenient during assembly, and the part processing is more economical and easy.

To sum up, owing to adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. the utility model discloses an air cooling fuel cell bipolar plate, through-hole as gas passage that sets up through bipolar plate. The sectional area of the gas channel is fully increased, which is beneficial to increasing the gas flow and reducing the resistance; through setting up a plurality of drainage channels and mixing tank again, will pass through the air current of through-hole and pass through a plurality of drainage channels drainage to mixing tank, when gas passes through a plurality of drainage channels, become stranded air current, mix the back in the mixing tank again, the flow and the pressure of air current tend to unanimity. When the airflow passing through the channel enters the anode runner groove of the anode surface, the flow of the gas is increased, the pressure is consistent, and the airflow is more uniform and stable.

2. The utility model discloses an air cooling fuel cell bipolar plate arranges through setting up a plurality of drainage groove sectors, and the width that is located the drainage groove of the left and right sides is greater than the width that is located middle drainage groove for the air current is behind the drainage groove, and the flow and the pressure of per share air current are more even.

3. The utility model discloses an air cooling fuel cell bipolar plate, through the cascaded setting of drainage groove, first mixing tank, second mixing tank, not only improved the homogeneity of air current, gas flow and pressure are more unanimous, and produced aqueous vapor passes through the smooth and easy discharge down from the last structure of echelonment in the gas after participating in the reaction moreover and the reaction.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the structure of the air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate (including the sealing member) according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate (without the sealing member) according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of fig. 2 at the circle.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the cathode face of the air-cooled fuel cell of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic front view of an air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the anode side sealing ring of the air-cooled fuel cell of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the cathode side sealing ring of the air-cooled fuel cell of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the membrane electrode assembly of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a schematic front view of a membrane electrode assembly according to the present invention.

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a stack structure incorporating the air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged view taken at circle of fig. 10.

Reference numerals:

10-a bipolar plate; 11-anode side sealing ring; 110-anode side seal groove; 12-cathode side seal ring; 120-cathode side seal groove; 13-cathode flow channel groove; 14-anode flow channel groove; 15-insert piece; 150-a through hole anode recess; 151-drainage grooves; 1511-a first drainage groove; 1512-a second drainage channel; 1513-a third drainage groove; 152-a first mixing tank; 153-a second mixing tank; 154-glue coating groove; 16-a via hole;

20-a membrane electrode assembly; 21-a gas channel; 22-PEM with catalytic layer; 23-anode side gas diffusion layer; 24-cathode-side gas diffusion layer; 25-anode side sealing frame; 26-cathode side sealing frame;

30-a collector plate; 40-an end plate; 50-fastening bolt assembly.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.

The longitudinal and transverse directions in the utility model refer to the directions in the attached drawings. Specifically, the direction of the connection line of the two through holes 16 on the anode surface or the cathode surface is a transverse direction, and the direction perpendicular to the transverse direction is a longitudinal direction.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the bipolar plate of the present invention is composed of a bipolar plate 10, an anode side seal ring 11, and a cathode side seal ring 12. A cathode flow channel groove 13 is arranged on the cathode surface, an anode flow channel groove 14 is arranged on the anode surface, through holes 16 which are vertical to the direction of the anode surface and penetrate through the bipolar plate 10 are arranged at two ends of the bipolar plate 10, and an embedded sheet 15 matched with the through holes 16 is arranged on the anode surface.

As shown in fig. 1-3, an anode side sealing groove 110 is disposed on the anode face of the bipolar plate 10, and the anode side sealing groove 110 is located outside the anode runner groove 14 and the insert 15, preferably at the outer edge of the anode face; the anode sealing groove 110 is provided with an anode sealing ring 11, and the anode sealing ring 11 may be disposed in the anode sealing groove 110 by dispensing, or may be processed into a molding and attached to the anode sealing groove 110. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the anode sealing member 11 is a rectangular annular sealing ring made of silicon rubber. After the anode side sealing ring 11 is placed in the anode side sealing groove 110, the height of the body part exceeds/protrudes 0.5mm from the sealing groove, and the repeating unit is matched to realize the anode side sealing.

As shown in fig. 3, a groove 150 and a slug 15 matching with the groove 150 are provided at the through hole 16 on the anode face side of the bipolar plate 10, the groove 150 and the slug 15 have the same size, and they are matched after being combined. Three mutually independent drainage grooves 151 are formed in the groove 150, and after the embedded piece 15 is installed in the groove 150, the embedded piece 15 and the three drainage grooves 151 form three drainage channels. The three drainage channels are respectively positioned in the left area, the middle area and the right area of the plane of the groove 150; wherein the first drainage groove 1511 is located in the middle, and the second and

third drainage grooves

1512, 1513 are located on the left and right sides of the first drainage groove 1511. The insert 15 is a solid structure with a central opening forming a gas channel. Glue slots 154 are formed in the grooves 150, and after glue is added to the glue slots 154, the inserts 15 are conveniently bonded to the grooves 150.

A first mixing groove 152, a second mixing groove 153, the bottom surface of the second mixing groove 153 and the anode flow channel groove 14 are arranged between the drainage groove 151 and the anode flow channel groove 14 in sequence and are communicated with each other on the same plane, the bottom surface of the first mixing groove 152 is lower than that of the second mixing cavity 153, and the bottom surface of the drainage groove 151 is lower than that of the first mixing groove 152; that is, the bottoms of the flow guide grooves 151, the first mixing grooves 152, and the second mixing grooves 153 are stepped to be sequentially raised, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the air flow entering the anode flow channel grooves 14. Meanwhile, gas after reaction and water vapor generated in the reaction can be smoothly discharged from top to bottom through the stepped structure.

When the membrane electrode 20 is mounted to the anode surface of the bipolar plate 10, a first mixing chamber is formed between the membrane electrode 20 and the first mixing groove 152, a second mixing chamber is formed between the membrane electrode 20 and the second mixing groove 153, and an anode flow channel is formed between the membrane electrode 20 and the anode flow channel groove 14.

The through hole 16 penetrates through the bipolar plate 10, and forms a gas channel with a middle hole on the cathode side sealing ring 12 and a middle hole on the insert 15.

As shown in fig. 4-5, a cathode side seal groove 120 is disposed on the cathode surface of the bipolar plate 10, and the cathode side seal groove 120 is disposed around the through hole 16; a cathode side sealing ring 12 is arranged in the cathode side sealing groove 120, and the cathode side sealing ring 12 is attached in the cathode side sealing groove 120 after being processed into a finished product. After the cathode side sealing ring 12 is placed in the cathode side sealing groove 120, the height of the body portion exceeds/protrudes the sealing groove by X mm, and X = the thickness of the membrane electrode 20 +0.5 mm.

As shown in fig. 7, the cathode-side gasket 12 is a solid body having an opening in the middle, and the middle opening is a gas passage component. The anode side seal ring 11 and the cathode side seal ring 12 are made of a silicone material having a certain elasticity.

The cathode runner grooves 13 are parallel straight grooves and are longitudinally and uniformly distributed, and the inlet and outlet positions of the channels penetrate through the bipolar plate to ensure the smooth circulation of air; the cathode flow channel groove 13 is located laterally between the through holes 16 without affecting the installation and sealing of the cathode side sealing ring 12.

The anode runner grooves 14 are parallel straight grooves which are evenly distributed in the transverse direction and are positioned between the embedded sheets 15.

As shown in fig. 8 to 9, the membrane electrode 20 is formed by assembling an anode-side seal frame 25, an anode-side gas diffusion layer 23, a catalyzed pem (ccm) 22, a cathode-side gas diffusion layer 24, and a cathode-side seal frame 26 in this order; the anode side sealing frame 25 and the cathode side sealing frame 26 are provided with gas channels 21 corresponding to the through holes 16 on the bipolar plate 10; the open area of the gas channel 21 is larger than the diameter of the cathode seal 12; the cathode seal member 12 can pass through the gas passage 21 smoothly with a gap left. The thickness of the anode-side sealing frame 25 is 0.8 times the thickness of the anode-side gas diffusion layer 23, and the thickness of the cathode-side sealing frame 26 is 0.8 times the thickness of the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 24; after the stack is assembled, the compressed height of the gas diffusion layer is substantially equal to the thickness of the sealing frame, which facilitates sealing of the anode flow channels 14.

The anode-side sealing frame 25 and the cathode-side sealing frame 26 are made of hard plastic or hardened plastic, preferably hardened PET film. Preferably, the thicknesses of the anode side sealing frame 25 and the cathode side sealing frame 26 are more than or equal to 0.2 mm, in the process of assembling the galvanic pile, the cathode side sealing frame 26 is in contact with the cathode flow channel 13, and meanwhile, the cathode side sealing frame is not bent under the pressure transmitted by the anode side sealing ring 11, so that the anode side sealing ring 11 is tightly attached to the anode side sealing frame 25, and further, the anode surface is reliably sealed.

As shown in fig. 10 to 11, the bipolar plate 10 and the membrane electrode 20 are repeatedly stacked and assembled into a stack by combining the current collecting plate 30, the end plate 40 and the fastening bolt assembly 50.

The stack order is anode side seal ring 11, bipolar plate 10, cathode side seal ring 12, membrane electrode 20. Wherein the anode side sealing frame 25 in the membrane electrode 20 is in contact with the anode side sealing ring 11 of the bipolar plate 10. The cathode side sealing frame 26 is in direct contact with the cathode face of the bipolar plate 10. The cathode side seal ring 12 passes through the membrane electrode gas passage 21, and the surface of the cathode side seal ring 12 contacts the cathode electrode surface and the other surface contacts the insert 15 of the anode electrode surface.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. One side of the bipolar plate (10) is a cathode electrode surface, and the other side is an anode electrode surface; the cathode surface is provided with a plurality of cathode runner grooves (13), and the anode surface is provided with a plurality of anode runner grooves (14); it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the end part of the bipolar plate (10) is provided with a through hole (16), and the through hole (16) penetrates through the bipolar plate (10) in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate (10); a mixing groove and a plurality of drainage grooves (151) are arranged on the anode surface;

the plurality of drainage grooves (151) are communicated with the through hole (16) and the mixing groove, and the plurality of drainage grooves (151) are arranged in a fan shape towards the mixing groove by taking the through hole (16) as a center;

the anode runner groove (14) is communicated with one side of the mixing tank, which is far away from the drainage tank (151).

2. An air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterised in that the through-hole (16) is located in an intermediate position in the end of the bipolar plate (10).

3. The air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein the width of the flow-guiding grooves on the left and right sides of the fan-shaped arrangement is greater than the width of the flow-guiding grooves in the middle.

4. An air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterised in that the number of flow-guiding grooves (151) is 3-7.

5. The air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 4, wherein there are 3 of said flow-guiding grooves.

6. An air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterised in that the bottom surface of the mixing channel is lower than the bottom surface of the anode flow channel groove (14); the bottom surfaces of the plurality of drainage grooves (151) are lower than the bottom surface of the mixing groove.

7. An air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the mixing channels comprise a first mixing channel (152) and a second mixing channel (153); the drainage groove (151), the first mixing groove (152), the second mixing groove (153) and the anode runner groove (14) are communicated in sequence; the bottom surface of the second mixing groove (153) is lower than the bottom surface of the anode flow channel groove (14), and the bottom surface of the first mixing groove (152) is lower than the bottom surface of the second mixing groove (153).

8. An air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the through-holes (16) comprise inlet and outlet through-holes, which are located at opposite ends of the bipolar plate (10); the drainage grooves (151) comprise an air inlet end drainage groove and an air outlet end drainage groove, and the mixing grooves comprise an air inlet end mixing groove and an air outlet end mixing groove;

on the anode surface, the connecting line of the air inlet through hole and the air outlet through hole is transverse; the anode runner grooves (14) are a plurality of grooves which are uniformly and horizontally arranged in parallel;

9. An air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an anode side seal groove (110) and an anode side seal ring (11) are provided on the anode surface of the bipolar plate, and the anode side seal groove (110) is located outside the anode flow channel groove (14) and the through hole (16).

10. An air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that a cathode side sealing groove (120) and a cathode side sealing ring (12) are provided on the cathode side of the bipolar plate, said cathode side sealing groove (120) being located around said through hole (16).