CN211603040U - Nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave detection device based on arbitrary waveform - Google Patents
Nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave detection device based on arbitrary waveform Download PDFInfo
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- CN211603040U CN211603040U CN201922088029.0U CN201922088029U CN211603040U CN 211603040 U CN211603040 U CN 211603040U CN 201922088029 U CN201922088029 U CN 201922088029U CN 211603040 U CN211603040 U CN 211603040U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave detection device based on arbitrary waveform, which comprises a shell, a main control chip, an ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator, a low-pass analog filter, a high-pass analog filter, an ultrasonic signal collector and a power supply, the power supply is respectively connected with the main control chip, the ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator, the low-pass analog filter, the high-pass analog filter and the ultrasonic signal collector, the main control chip is respectively connected with an ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator and an ultrasonic signal collector, one end of the low-pass analog filter is connected with the ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator, the other end is connected with a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer, one end of the high-pass analog filter is connected with the ultrasonic signal collector, the other end of the high-pass analog filter is connected with the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer, and the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer and the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer are respectively arranged on the material to be measured. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of signal-to-noise ratio is high, easy and simple to handle.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of nondestructive test, in particular to nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave detection device based on arbitrary waveform that can be used to evaluation material life.
Background
When the ultrasound propagates in the plate-shaped or tubular solid material, the ultrasound can make multiple reflections back and forth with the boundary of the waveguide, and the conversion of the ultrasonic transverse wave and the ultrasonic longitudinal wave is performed, so as to generate the guided wave. Nonlinear ultrasound is formed by the harmonic components appearing on signals due to waveform distortion caused by the existence of nonlinearity of a medium when ultrasound propagates in the medium.
The nonlinearity is generally classified into two types, one type is the nonlinearity of a stress-strain curve of a material and can be used for evaluating mechanical properties; the second type is caused by discontinuity of material structure, such as defect, micro-crack and bubble, which can be used for flaw detection evaluation of the internal structure of the material. The nonlinear ultrasonic guided waves are sensitive to the information of the transmission medium, and can be used in the nondestructive testing fields of industrial pipelines, industrial plates, railway tracks, bone diagnosis and the like.
The material damage is accompanied by the generation, propagation and accumulation of microcracks, which can seriously affect the service life of the material. Microcracking, as a non-linear factor, enhances the non-linear effect of the material. The characteristics of the ultrasonic wave in a non-linear elastic range can be used for evaluating the damage condition of the material, and further a database can be established to estimate the service life of the material. The nonlinear parameter of the ultrasonic guided wave signal, namely the ratio of the square of the amplitude of the second harmonic to the amplitude of the fundamental wave, is usually calculated to reflect the characteristics of the material.
The nonlinear component of the ultrasonic guided wave is far lower than the amplitude of the fundamental component, and is easily influenced by coupling during measurement. In addition, the attenuation of the ultrasonic guided wave in the propagation of the plate-shaped or tubular material is relatively high, the attenuation of harmonic components in the propagation process is relatively high, the attenuation of ultrasonic guided wave signals can be increased due to the smearing of a coupling agent, the contact condition of a probe and the like, and the nonlinear guided wave is difficult to detect.
In order to realize such a nonlinear guided ultrasound wave system, a multi-period sinusoidal signal of a gaussian type needs to be excited at a transmitting end. The traditional method is realized by a digital-to-analog converter and a linear power amplifier, the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved by improving the amplitude of a transmitting excitation signal, but a transmitting system is required to work in a high-voltage state, the requirement on the system is high, the design complexity and the cost are improved, and the system is large in size, complex to operate and difficult to perform real-time data analysis.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to overcome the defect that above-mentioned prior art exists and provide an easy and simple to handle's nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave detection device based on arbitrary waveform.
The purpose of the utility model can be realized through the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a non-linear supersound guided wave detection device based on arbitrary waveform, includes the shell and sets up main control chip, the arbitrary waveform generator of supersound, low pass analog filter, high pass analog filter, supersound signal collector and the power in the shell, main control chip, the arbitrary waveform generator of supersound, low pass analog filter, high pass analog filter and supersound signal collector are connected respectively to the power, main control chip connects the arbitrary waveform generator of supersound and supersound signal collector respectively, low pass analog filter one end is connected with the arbitrary waveform generator of supersound, and the other end is connected with low frequency ultrasonic transducer, high pass analog filter one end and supersound signal collector, the other end is connected with high frequency ultrasonic transducer, low frequency ultrasonic transducer and high frequency ultrasonic transducer install respectively on the material that awaits measuring.
Furthermore, the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer and the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer are respectively arranged on the material to be tested through a wedge block, and the two wedge blocks are symmetrically arranged.
Furthermore, an ultrasonic coupling agent layer is arranged between the wedge block and the material to be measured.
Furthermore, the main control chip comprises an ARM main processor and an FPGA chip which are connected, and the FPGA chip is respectively in communication connection with the ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator and the ultrasonic signal collector.
Further, the ARM main processor is in bidirectional communication with the FPGA chip through the SPI bus.
Further, the ARM main processor is also connected with an LCD display.
Furthermore, the power supply is a multi-path power supply and comprises a positive and negative high-voltage power supply for driving the ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator and a positive and negative symmetrical reference power supply required by the ultrasonic signal collector.
Further, the ultrasonic signal collector comprises a multistage amplifier and an AD converter which are connected.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
1. the utility model discloses ARM treater, FPGA chip and other modules that remove transmission, receiving transducer are all integrated in a shell, have the integrated level height, and are small, advantages such as portable.
2. The utility model discloses only need through voussoir and supersound couplant layer will launch, receive the transducer and place on the material that awaits measuring, operate the LCD display, can realize once complete measurement, easy and simple to handle.
3. The utility model discloses an arbitrary waveform generator of supersound can be based on the arbitrary waveform ultrasonic signal of PWM coding excitation signal transmission that main control chip sent, and the SNR of guided wave signal has been improved in the application of coding and decoding.
4. The utility model discloses distinguish ARM owner treater and bottom hardware circuit, realize ARM and FPGA's collaborative work through certain communication protocol, the debugging and the maintenance of the system of being convenient for.
5. The utility model discloses a low pass filtering's mode produces the many periodic sine supersound guided wave signals of gaussian type, can promote the SNR under the prerequisite that does not increase system hardware complexity and cost.
6. The utility model discloses have prospect and using value in the aspect of the metal material ultrasonic nondestructive test in fields such as aerospace, bridge, building.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a multi-path power module, 2, an ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator, 3, a low-pass analog filter, 4, a high-pass analog filter, 5, an ultrasonic signal collector, 6, an FPGA chip, 7, an ARM main processor, 8, a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer, 9, a high-frequency ultrasonic transducer, 10, an LCD display, 11, a material to be tested and 12 a wedge block.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave detection apparatus based on an arbitrary waveform, including a main control chip, an ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator 2, a transmitting end probe module, a receiving end probe module, an ultrasonic signal collector 5, and a multi-path power module 1, where the main control chip is configured to generate a PWM pulse modulation signal, receive a fed-back digital signal, and process the digital signal to obtain a service life evaluation result of a material to be detected 11; the ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator 2 is connected with the main control chip and used for generating an ultrasonic electric signal according to the PWM signal; the transmitting end probe module is arranged on the material to be tested 11 and is used for transmitting a Gaussian multi-period sinusoidal signal to the material to be tested under the excitation of the ultrasonic electrical signal; the receiving end probe module is arranged on the material to be detected 1 and is used for receiving the ultrasonic guided wave signals fed back by the material to be detected and converting the ultrasonic guided wave signals into feedback electric signals; the ultrasonic signal collector 5 is connected with the main control chip and is used for sampling the feedback electric signal and converting the feedback electric signal into the digital signal under the control of the main control chip; the multi-path power supply module 1 is used for supplying power.
The multi-path power supply module 1 supplies electric energy to all circuit modules in the whole system. In this embodiment, the multi-path power module 1 includes positive and negative high voltage voltages for driving the ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generation module and positive and negative symmetrical reference voltages required by the signal acquisition module.
The transmitting end probe module comprises a low-pass analog filter 3 and a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer 8 which are connected. The receiving end probe module comprises a high-pass analog filter 4 and a high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 9 which are connected. The transmitting end probe module and the receiving end probe module are respectively installed on a material to be tested 11 through a wedge block 12, and the two wedge blocks 12 are symmetrically arranged. In this embodiment, the wedges 12 are right triangles, and one side of a right corner of each of the two wedges 12 is disposed close to each other.
An ultrasonic couplant is also arranged between the wedge block 12 and the material to be measured 11. In this embodiment, the ultrasonic coupling agent is an ultrasonic coupling agent commonly used in the field of industrial detection.
The ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator 2 adopts PMOS and NMOS tube push-pull output circuits with symmetrical and large-current driving capability and adopts a diode one-way conduction circuit for isolation protection. The ultrasonic signal collector 5 adopts a multistage amplifier with high common mode rejection ratio and a 14bit high-precision and 50MHz high-speed AD converter.
The main control chip comprises an ARM main processor 7 and an FPGA chip 6 which are in bidirectional communication connection through an SPI bus. The FPGA chip 6 receives a control instruction sent by the ARM main processor 7, and controls the ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator 2 and the ultrasonic signal collector 5 to work through the SPI bus and the IO port respectively.
In some embodiments, an LCD display 10 is further connected to ARM main processor 7 and is configured to display the collected waveforms and evaluation results.
In the embodiment, the ARM processor, the FPGA chip and other modules except the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are integrated in a shell with the length of about 26cm, the width of about 22cm and the height of about 5.5cm, so that the integrated level is high, the size is small, the portable performance is realized, and the operation is simple and convenient.
The process of detecting the service life of the material to be detected by the nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave detection device based on any waveform comprises the following steps:
1) the master control chip generates PWM (pulse-width modulation) signals, and the ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator generates ultrasonic electric signals after the PWM signals are amplified by a class-D amplifier.
The FPGA chip 7 sends out PWM pulse modulation signals through an IO port and outputs high-voltage PWM pulse signals of +/-50V.
2) A low-pass analog filter 3 in the transmitting end probe module filters high-frequency components, and a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer 8 transmits Gaussian multi-period sinusoidal signals to the material to be measured under the excitation of ultrasonic electric signals. The multi-period sinusoidal signal is transmitted to a material to be tested 11 through the wedge 12 and the ultrasonic coupling agent, and ultrasonic waves are generated by the propagation of the ultrasonic waves in the material to be tested.
3) And the receiving end probe module receives the ultrasonic guided wave signals fed back by the material to be detected and converts the ultrasonic guided wave signals into feedback electric signals.
The ultrasonic guided wave is transmitted for a certain distance in the material 11 to be measured, and then is received by the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 9 through the wedge 12 and the ultrasonic coupling agent and converted into an electric signal. The electric signal passes through a high-pass analog filter 4 to filter fundamental wave components of ultrasonic guided waves, so that nonlinear harmonic components are sampled by an ultrasonic signal collector 5.
4) The ultrasonic signal collector 5 samples the feedback electric signal and converts the sampled feedback electric signal into the digital signal.
5) And the main control chip receives the fed back digital signal and processes the digital signal to obtain a service life evaluation result of the material to be tested.
The FPGA chip 6 reads the digital signal through the LVDS high-speed data transmission interface, and after multiple sampling and averaging, the data is sent to the ARM main processor 7 through the SPI for further signal processing.
In the method for evaluating the service life of the material in this embodiment, the ARM main processor 7 performs preprocessing such as demodulation and digital filtering on the received signal, calculates the amplitude spectrum of the received signal through fast fourier transform, and calculates the second harmonic amplitude a2f0Square A of fundamental wave amplitudef0 2The ratio of the two gives the non-linearity parameter A2f0/Af0 2。 A2f0/Af0 2There is a constant multiple relationship with the nonlinear parameter of the material itself, so that A2f0/Af0 2The method can be used as an equivalent parameter of real nonlinearity of the material, and the equivalent method can quickly obtain a final result according to the obtained parameter on the premise of not influencing an evaluation result, so that the design complexity is reduced. And obtaining the service life evaluation result of the material to be tested according to the comparison of the nonlinear parameters of the material and the standard database.
The foregoing has described in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the teachings of the present invention without undue experimentation. Therefore, the technical solutions that can be obtained by logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art by the concept of the present invention should be within the protection scope determined by the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave detection device based on arbitrary waveforms is characterized by comprising a shell, a main control chip, an ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator, a low-pass analog filter, a high-pass analog filter, an ultrasonic signal collector and a power supply, wherein the main control chip, the ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator, the low-pass analog filter, the high-pass analog filter, the ultrasonic signal collector and the power supply are arranged in the shell, the power supply is respectively connected with the main control chip, the ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator, the low-pass analog filter, the high-pass analog filter and the ultrasonic signal collector, the main control chip is respectively connected with an ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator and an ultrasonic signal collector, one end of the low-pass analog filter is connected with the ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator, the other end is connected with a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer, one end of the high-pass analog filter is connected with the ultrasonic signal collector, the other end of the high-pass analog filter is connected with the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer, and the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer and the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer are respectively arranged on the material to be measured.
2. The nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave detection device according to claim 1, wherein the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer and the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer are respectively mounted on the material to be detected through a wedge, and the two wedges are symmetrically arranged.
3. The nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave detection device based on the arbitrary waveform of claim 2, wherein an ultrasonic coupling agent layer is arranged between the wedge block and the material to be detected.
4. The nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave detection device based on arbitrary waveforms according to claim 1, wherein the main control chip comprises an ARM main processor and an FPGA chip which are connected, and the FPGA chip is in communication connection with the ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator and the ultrasonic signal collector respectively.
5. The nonlinear ultrasonic guided-wave detection device based on arbitrary waveforms of claim 4, wherein the ARM main processor is in bidirectional communication with the FPGA chip through an SPI bus.
6. The nonlinear ultrasonic guided-wave detection device based on arbitrary waveforms of claim 4, wherein an LCD display is further connected to the ARM main processor.
7. The nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave detection device based on arbitrary waveforms according to claim 1, wherein the power supply is a multi-path power supply and comprises a positive and negative high voltage power supply for driving an ultrasonic arbitrary waveform generator and a positive and negative symmetrical reference power supply required by an ultrasonic signal collector.
8. The nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave detection device based on arbitrary waveforms according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic signal collector comprises a multistage amplifier and an AD converter connected.
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| CN201922088029.0U CN211603040U (en) | 2019-11-27 | 2019-11-27 | Nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave detection device based on arbitrary waveform |
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| CN201922088029.0U CN211603040U (en) | 2019-11-27 | 2019-11-27 | Nonlinear ultrasonic guided wave detection device based on arbitrary waveform |
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