CN211595654U

CN211595654U - Device for preparing biogas at high temperature from agricultural waste straw mixed raw materials

Info

Publication number: CN211595654U
Application number: CN201921457296.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高清华
Original assignee: Anhui Wanen Biogas Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Wanen Biogas Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-04
Filing date: 2019-09-04
Publication date: 2020-09-29
Anticipated expiration: 2029-09-04

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high temperature system marsh gas device in agricultural discarded object straw mixed raw materials, including bipyramid type fermentation cylinder and automatic slag removal system, bipyramid type fermentation cylinder and automatic slag removal system include the fermentation tank body, and the top of the fermentation tank body is established the tank deck, and the top of tank deck is connected with the gas storage tank, and the gas storage tank is established the gas storage tank lid, and the gas storage tank lateral wall is connected with the air duct, and the peripheral feed inlet is established to the toper type tank deck, and the overflow pipe, back flow are established to the toper type tank deck, and the lower extreme of back flow stretches into in the natural pond liquid pond, establishes; the lower part of the fermentation tank is provided with an inspection window and is matched with a cover; the bottom of the fermentation tank is provided with a slag discharge channel and a drain pipe which are communicated with the biogas slurry pool; the straw biogas mixing raw material composting device has the advantages of compact structure and reasonable design, adopts the full-dry fermentation process to stack and compost the straw biogas mixing raw material in the fermentation tank, the composting temperature is as high as 60-70 ℃, after the old biogas liquid is returned, the straw mixing raw material can be fermented at medium-high temperature, the fermentation period is short, the gas production rate is high, and a large amount of crop straws can be consumed.

Description

Device for preparing biogas at high temperature from agricultural waste straw mixed raw materials

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an energy and environmental protection technical field especially relate to agricultural discarded object straw mixed raw materials medium-high temperature system marsh gas device.

Background

At present, the problems of floating and crusting of biogas raw materials exist in vertical large fermentation tanks which take crop straws as biogas raw materials at home and abroad, the straw biogas raw materials floating on biogas slurry do not produce gas or produce a small amount of gas, the crusting is thick and hard after a long time, and the fermentation tanks are scrapped when the generated biogas is not produced. Therefore, the stirring device is arranged, the problem of crusting is solved by the stirring device, and the increase of the dry matter content of the biogas raw materials is limited, so that the production rate is low and the investment is large; the dry matter content of the straw biogas raw material in the vertical fermentation tank is only a few percent, namely the wet fermentation process. If the dry matter content of the straw biogas raw material reaches about 10 percent, namely the semi-dry fermentation process, the stirring resistance is large, and the slag discharge is very difficult. As a biogas raw material, straws are floated and crusted, and the difficulty in feeding and discharging is still a barrier which is difficult to surmount by vertical fermentation tanks at home and abroad.

In order to solve the problems of floating and crusting and difficult feeding and discharging, a garage type fermentation device and a tunnel type fermentation device which are designed by adopting semi-dry type fermentation (the dry matter content of the biogas raw material is about 10%) and dry type fermentation (the dry matter content of the biogas raw material is about 20%) at home and abroad are internally provided with a stirring device, a heating device and a spraying system, because biogas slurry in the straw biogas raw material is infiltrated downwards, the spraying system is used for circulating the biogas slurry at the lower part to the top for spraying, but a ditch is easily formed. In addition, during heating, the biogas raw materials are high in dry matter content and low in conduction speed, so that stirring is required. The stirring operation cost is high, the investment is large, the formation of microbial colonies is also destroyed in the stirring process, and as a result, the engineering investment is large, the operation cost is high, the volumetric gas production rate is low, and the like. The upper part of the garage type fermentation chamber is also provided with a space.

At present, large-scale straw biogas engineering in China adopts western national technology, all the problems exist, and no standard engineering which can be copied and popularized nationwide exists.

The straw used as the biogas raw material floats and crusts, the feeding and discharging are difficult, the gas production rate is low, the engineering investment is large, the operation cost is high, the technical problems exist at home and abroad, and meanwhile, the mechanical stirring motor is directly arranged on the tank top, so that the sealing is difficult, and water and gas leakage is easy.

The two substances of the marsh gas generated in the fermentation tank are marsh gas raw materials and marsh liquid, the fermentation period is determined by the temperature, but the marsh gas is not generated at the temperature.

As a big agricultural country, crop straws are produced by about 9 hundred million tons each year, livestock and poultry manure is produced by 38 hundred million tons, and one ton of dry wheat, rice and corn straws can theoretically produce biogas of about 400 cubic meters or more.

14 hundred million people in China and 500 billion cubic meters of methane produced by excrement every year, the national toilet revolutionary costs a lot, the problem of resource utilization is not solved, and the revolution is carried out again.

In the national legislation of the year, municipal domestic waste is classified, the water content of the classified kitchen waste is about 95%, and the landfill, combustion power generation and pyrolysis are not scientific. The garbage is a resource which is misplaced, and the pollution treatment problem can not be solved without solving the problem of resource utilization. The agricultural waste organic matter resources in China are very rich, and the method is also the basis of non-point source pollution in rural areas and is an energy treasury to be developed urgently.

The biogas is prepared by fermenting biogas raw materials with microorganisms, wherein the carbon nitrogen ratio is 25-30:1, the dry matter content is about 20%, the water content is about 80%, and biogas bacteria are eaten and drunk; the carbon content of the air-dried crop straws is about 40-50%, and the water content is about 10-15%; the straw, the excrement and the kitchen waste are mixed to be used as biogas raw materials, the carbon-nitrogen ratio and the dry matter content of the mixed biogas are beneficial to the production of the biogas, the biogas is scientific and in line with the national conditions of China, and the biogas is a real straw burning terminator.

The biogas engineering is the most important link of human ecological civilization, and the preparation of biogas from straw mixed raw materials is the best, most important and most urgently needed engineering in China at present, but the biogas engineering in China, particularly the straw biogas engineering, goes to the lowest valley of history.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a high-temperature methane preparation device in the mixed raw materials of agricultural wastes and straws, which aims at the prior problem.

The full-dry fermentation process is the world initiative, is the latest process for preparing the methane by mixing the straw raw materials, and is more scientific, reasonable and advanced than the prior wet fermentation process, semi-dry fermentation process and dry fermentation process at home and abroad; the core technology is that the biogas fermentation tank is filled with 100% of straw mixed raw materials, 100% of the biogas raw materials are in biogas slurry, and the volume gas production rate is the highest.

The device for preparing the biogas at the high temperature from the agricultural waste straw mixed raw material is also a full dry fermentation process, which means that the straw mixed raw material is filled in a fermentation tank in percentage, the concentration of the straw mixed raw material reaches the requirement of the dry fermentation process, and the biogas raw material is in biogas slurry in percentage.

According to the device for preparing the biogas at the high temperature from the agricultural waste straw mixed raw material, due to the characteristics of the full-dry fermentation process, a heating device is not arranged in the biogas fermentation tank; the heat source of medium-high temperature fermentation is from the straw mixed raw material to be piled and retted in a fermentation tank to generate high temperature of 60-70 ℃, and the old biogas slurry is refluxed to be used as a strain after the piling and retting are finished; the full dry fermentation process methane engineering technology is the first creation in the world and is more scientific than the current domestic and foreign dry fermentation processes.

The utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme: the device for preparing the biogas at the high temperature in the mixed raw materials of agricultural wastes and straws comprises a double-cone fermentation tank and an automatic deslagging system, wherein the double-cone fermentation tank and the automatic deslagging system comprise a ladder-shaped fermentation tank body, a cone-shaped tank top, a gas storage tank cover and a bolt sealing ring, peripheral feed inlets, a feed inlet cover and a bolt sealing ring, an anti-floating filter grate, a biogas slurry upper plane, a central feed inlet, a corresponding manual auxiliary slag discharging window, a slag discharging window cover and a bolt sealing ring, an inverted cone-shaped fermentation tank bottom, a gas guide pipe, a deslagging channel, a slag discharging valve, an overflow pipe, a biogas slurry return pipe, a biogas slurry pool, a biogas slurry heating chamber, a thermometer, a boiler heating circulation pipe, a circulation pump, a biogas slurry return motor and a return pump, wherein the cone-shaped tank top is integrally arranged at the top of the ladder-shaped fermentation tank body, the side wall of the gas storage tank is communicated with a gas guide pipe, a plurality of peripheral feed inlets are uniformly distributed on the upper circumference of the top of the conical tank, the conical tank is provided with a feed inlet cover and a bolt sealing ring, the top of the conical tank is also provided with an overflow pipe and a return pipe, the return pipe is provided with a return motor and a return pump, the lower end of the return pipe extends into a heating chamber communicated with the biogas slurry tank, the heating chamber is provided with a thermometer, and the top of the heating chamber is provided with an inspection window and; a heating circulating pipe is arranged in the heating chamber and is communicated with the boiler, and a circulating pump is arranged on the heating circulating pipe; the lower part of the ladder-shaped fermentation tank body is provided with a plurality of manual auxiliary slag discharging windows and an inspection window, and is matched with a slag discharging window cover and a bolt sealing ring, the bottom of the ladder-shaped fermentation tank body is arranged into an inverted cone-shaped tank bottom, the middle of the inverted cone-shaped tank bottom is provided with a slag discharging channel which is communicated with the biogas pool, and the slag discharging channel is provided with a slag discharging valve; the bottom of the ladder-shaped fermentation tank body is provided with a drain pipe which is communicated with a return pipe, the outer end of the drain pipe is provided with a drain valve, the return pipe and the inner end of the drain pipe are provided with ring pipes at the inner upper part and the inner lower part of the ladder-shaped fermentation tank body, the ring pipes are provided with holes, and the return pipe is provided with a switch; a plurality of artifical supplementary slag tap window only open the inspection window when the difficulty of slagging tap, clearance residue, overhaul internal plant and utilize the manual work to slag tap, overhaul, seal at ordinary times.

As a further improvement to the above scheme, still include straw feed system, straw feed system include straw rubbing crusher, fan, stereoplasm inlet pipe, soft inlet pipe, straw rubbing crusher passes through the pipe connection fan, fan exit linkage stereoplasm inlet pipe one end, and soft inlet pipe is connected to its other end, and the scalable removal of soft inlet pipe has advanced and has shifted out behind the straw raw materials.

As a further improvement to the above scheme, the three-stage excrement and kitchen waste feeding system comprises a garbage storage pool, a first-stage stirring pool, a second-stage stirring pool, a feeding door, a valve gate, a first-stage motor, a first-stage stirrer, a second-stage motor, a second-stage stirrer, a feeding hard pipe, a feeding motor, a grid, a sectioning device and a feeding pipe, wherein the bottom wall of the storage pool is obliquely communicated with the first-stage stirring pool, the first-stage stirring pool is communicated with the second-stage stirring pool through the grid, the valve gate is arranged on an oblique channel between the storage pool and the first-stage stirring pool, the feeding door is arranged on the storage pool, the first-stage stirrer is arranged in the first-stage stirring pool and is connected with the first-stage motor, the first-stage motor is arranged above the first-stage stirring pool, the second-stage stirrer is arranged in the second-stage stirring pool and is connected with the, the tank bottom of the secondary stirring tank is designed into a pot bottom type tank bottom, a feeding hard pipe is arranged in the secondary stirring tank, a feeding motor is arranged on the feeding hard pipe, the other end of the feeding hard pipe is connected with one inlet of the section device, a plurality of outlets of the feeding hard pipe are respectively connected with the port of the gas storage tank and the upper parts of the four peripheral feed inlets and correspond to the port of the gas storage tank, and the port of the gas storage tank is a central feed inlet; the valve gate and the feeding door are closed at ordinary times to prevent odor from diffusing.

As a further improvement to the scheme, four peripheral feed inlets are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the conical tank top.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the section device is provided with an inlet and five outlets, the five outlets are respectively arranged above a port of an air storage tank arranged in the middle of the conical tank top and four peripheral feed inlets and correspond to the port of the air storage tank, the port of the air storage tank is a central feed inlet, the section device is arranged on the side edge of the conical tank top, and the five outlets are respectively inclined towards the feed inlets (the port of the air storage tank and the four peripheral feed inlets) of the conical tank top of the fermentation tank so as to solve the problem that the material slag sinks to block the pipeline when the feeding is stopped.

As a further improvement to the above scheme, the tank body and the tank top of the fermentation tank are both provided with a plurality of layers of heat-insulating layers, and the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the tank body are both provided with thermometers; and keeping the temperature after the five feed inlets on the top of the tank are fed.

As a further improvement to the scheme, the anti-floating filter grate is detachably connected, and the height of the anti-floating filter grate is lower than that of the overflow pipe.

As a further improvement to the scheme, a plurality of corresponding manual auxiliary slag discharging windows arranged at the lower part of the trapezoidal fermentation tank body are opened when slag discharging is difficult, and matched with a backflow biogas pipe in the tank top or a drainage ring pipe biogas slurry in the bottom of the trapezoidal fermentation tank body to perform backflow slag discharging.

As a further improvement to the scheme, the straws are directly fed from a plurality of feed inlets at the top of the fermentation tank after being crushed, and the soft feed pipe can stretch and move; after the materials are fed fully, the soft feeding pipe is moved out, then the excrement, the kitchen waste and the liquid raw materials are fed, and after the materials are fed, the feeding hole is sealed, so that the heat preservation is facilitated; mixing the straw and the excrement to generate high temperature of 60-70 ℃; and after the stack retting is finished, refluxing the biogas slurry.

As a further improvement to the scheme, excrement and kitchen waste enter the storage pool through the feeding door, enter the primary stirring pool through the valve gate control, enter the secondary stirring pool through the grid filtration after stirring, and are fed from a plurality of feed inlets at the top of the fermentation tank through the feeding hard tube, the sectioning device and the feeding tube respectively.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the straw is firstly crushed and then the excrement and the kitchen waste are fed, and a residue discharge valve at the lower part of the fermentation tank is slightly opened to discharge excessive water, so that the biogas raw materials are piled and retted in the fermentation tank to generate high temperature.

As a further improvement to the above scheme, the feeding system can also adopt a conveying device to feed the straw, the excrement and the kitchen waste from a plurality of feeding holes at the top of the fermentation tank after being mixed in the field, but the stack retting is also carried out in the fermentation tank.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the slag discharge valve is slightly opened during feeding, so that the biogas raw materials are piled and retted in the fermentation tank to generate high temperature of 60-70 ℃, the biogas raw materials are heated, greenhouse effect on the atmosphere is reduced, and the energy is saved and the environment is protected.

As a further improvement of the scheme, after the stack retting is finished, the slag discharge valve is closed, old biogas slurry which is just discharged from another fermentation tank and has a certain temperature is timely refluxed into the fermentation tank to be used as a strain, if the temperature in the fermentation tank is overhigh, the old biogas slurry is cooled and then refluxed into the fermentation tank, and if the temperature in the fermentation tank is overlow, the old biogas slurry is heated by a boiler and then refluxed into the fermentation tank, so that the temperature in the fermentation tank meets the medium-high temperature fermentation requirement, and a medium-high temperature heat source is from the high temperature generated by the stack retting of the straw mixed raw materials in the fermentation tank.

As a further improvement to the scheme, the biogas slurry reflux and the biogas slurry outflow of the overflow pipe are ensured to be two hundred percent.

As a further improvement to the scheme, all the fermentation devices are arranged in a sunlight greenhouse.

As a further improvement to the above scheme, after fermentation is finished, the gas guide pipe is closed, the residue discharge valve and the feeding port cover are opened, biogas residues are discharged from the residue discharge channel, the biogas slurry reflux motor and the reflux pump are opened, biogas slurry enters the fermentation tank from the top to increase the fluidity of the biogas residues, and if residue discharge is difficult, the residue discharge window cover at the lower part of the fermentation tank can be opened for manual stirring to assist in residue discharge.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the fermentation tank in the high-temperature methane preparation device in the agricultural waste straw mixed raw material does not have a stirring device, a heating device, a spraying system and other structures, and a complete cavity structure is formed.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the device for preparing the biogas at the high temperature from the agricultural waste straw mixed raw material adopts upper feeding and lower discharging, the straw mixed raw material is filled in the fermentation tank in percentage, the biogas raw material is in biogas slurry in percentage, the gas production rate of the medium-high temperature fermentation is highest, the fermentation period is determined by the temperature in the fermentation tank, but the temperature does not generate the biogas, no device is arranged in the fermentation tank, the engineering investment is lowest, the large feeding and the large discharging are realized, and the operation cost is lowest, namely, one step is higher and two steps are lower.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages: has compact structure and reasonable design, and adopts a full-dry fermentation process; 100% of straw mixed raw materials are filled in a fermentation tank, an anti-floating filter grate is placed and fixed, biogas slurry is refluxed to serve as a strain, the upper plane of the biogas slurry is arranged on the anti-floating filter grate, namely 100% of the biogas raw materials are in the biogas slurry, the dry matter content of the biogas raw materials meets the requirements of the optimal dry fermentation process, 100% of the biogas raw materials are contacted with microorganisms, the problems of floating and crusting of the straw used as the biogas raw materials are thoroughly solved, and the volume gas yield also reaches the highest level.

The method comprises the following steps of (1) automatically and quickly discharging biogas residues and biogas slurry generated by mixing straws with biogas raw materials in a dry fermentation process (the dry matter content of the biogas raw materials is about 20 percent, and the water content is about 80 percent) by utilizing the resultant force of multiple forces such as gravity, inward force, downward sliding force at the bottom of an inverted cone-shaped tank, and upward and downward impact force of the biogas slurry, which are generated by the biogas residues and the biogas slurry in a double-cone fermentation tank, and if the slag is difficult to discharge, carrying out manual stirring and auxiliary slag discharge from a multi-man auxiliary slag discharge window; thoroughly solves the difficult problem of slag discharge of the straw mixed raw material in the dry fermentation process.

The carbon-nitrogen ratio and the dry matter content of the mixed raw materials of the straw, the excrement and the kitchen waste are beneficial to the production of the methane, and the mixed raw materials are scientific and accord with the national conditions of China.

The device adopts the technology of upper feeding, lower discharging, large feeding and large discharging, 100% of the fermentation tank is filled with straw mixed raw materials, and 100% of the biogas raw materials are all in the biogas slurry, namely the full-dry fermentation technology, the same temperature, the highest gas production rate, the minimum engineering investment and the lowest operation cost, namely one high and two low.

The straw mixed raw material is piled and retted in the tank to generate high temperature, so that the raw material is heated, the greenhouse effect is not generated, and the energy is saved and the environment is protected.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a double-cone fermentation tank and a slag discharge system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the tank top structure of the fermenter.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the straw feeding system of the utility model.

Fig. 4 is the structure schematic diagram of the feeding system for the middle-level three-level feces and kitchen waste.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the sectioning instrument.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-5, the device for producing biogas at high temperature from mixed raw materials of agricultural wastes and straws comprises a double-cone fermentation tank and an automatic slag discharging system, wherein the double-cone fermentation tank and the automatic slag discharging system comprise a ladder type fermentation tank body 1, a cone type tank top 2, a gas storage tank 3, a gas storage tank cover 4, a bolt sealing ring, a peripheral feed inlet 5, a feed inlet cover 6, a bolt sealing ring, an anti-floating filter grate 7, a biogas slurry upper plane 8, a central feed inlet 9, a corresponding artificial auxiliary slag discharging window 10, a window cover 11, a bolt sealing ring, an inverted cone type fermentation tank bottom 12, a gas guide tube 28, a slag discharging channel 16, a slag discharging valve 17, an overflow tube 18, a biogas slurry return tube 19, a biogas slurry tank 20, a thermometer 22, a boiler 23, a boiler heating circulating tube 25, a circulating pump 26 and a biogas slurry return motor 27, the cone type tank top 2 is integrally arranged at the top of the ladder type fermentation tank, the gas storage tank 3 is provided with a gas storage tank cover 4 and a bolt sealing ring, the side wall of the gas storage tank 3 is communicated with a gas guide pipe 28, the periphery of the conical tank top 2 is uniformly provided with a plurality of peripheral feed inlets 5, the conical tank top 2 is provided with a feed inlet cover 6 and the bolt sealing ring, the conical tank top 2 is also provided with an overflow pipe 18 and a return pipe 19, the return pipe 19 is provided with a return motor 27 and a return pump, the lower end of the return pipe 19 extends into a heating chamber 21 communicated with the biogas slurry pool 20, the heating chamber 21 is provided with a thermometer 22, a heating circulating pipe 25 is arranged in the heating chamber 21 and communicated with a boiler 23, the heating circulating pipe 25 is provided with a circulating pump; the lower part of the trapezoidal fermentation tank body 1 is provided with three to six manual auxiliary slag discharging windows 10 and an inspection window 13, and is matched with a slag discharging window cover 11 and a bolt sealing ring, the bottom of the trapezoidal fermentation tank body 1 is provided with an inverted cone tank bottom 12, the middle of the inverted cone tank bottom 12 is provided with a slag discharging channel 16 which is communicated into a biogas liquid pool 20, and the slag discharging channel 16 is provided with a slag discharging valve 17; the bottom of the ladder-shaped fermentation tank body 1 is provided with a drain pipe 14 which is communicated with a return pipe 19, the outer end of the drain pipe 14 is provided with a drain valve 15, the return pipe 19 and the inner end of the drain pipe 14 are respectively provided with a ring pipe at the inner upper part and the inner lower part of the ladder-shaped fermentation tank body 1, the ring pipes are provided with holes, and the return pipe is provided with a switch 24.

As a further improvement to the above scheme, the straw feeding system is further included, the straw feeding system includes a straw pulverizer 29, a fan 30, a hard feeding pipe 31 and a soft feeding pipe 46, the straw pulverizer 29 is connected with the fan 30 through a pipeline, an outlet of the fan 30 is connected with one end of the hard feeding pipe 31, and the other end of the hard feeding pipe is connected with the soft feeding pipe 46.

As a further improvement to the above scheme, the kitchen waste feeding system further comprises three-level excrement and urine, the kitchen waste feeding system comprises a waste storage tank 33, a first-level stirring tank 34, a second-level stirring tank 35, a feeding door 36, a valve gate 37, a first-level motor 38, a first-level stirrer 39, a second-level motor 40, a second-level stirrer 41, a feeding hard pipe 42, a feeding motor 43, a grating 44, a sectioning device 24 and a feeding pipe 32, the bottom wall of the storage tank 33 is obliquely communicated with the first-level stirring tank 34, the first-level stirring tank 34 is communicated with the second-level stirring tank 35 through the grating 44, the valve gate 37 is arranged on an oblique channel between the storage tank 33 and the first-level stirring tank 34, the feeding door 36 is arranged on the storage tank 33, the first-level stirrer 39 is arranged in the first-level stirring tank 34, the first-level stirrer 39 is connected with the first-level motor 38, the first-level motor 38 is arranged above the, second grade agitator 41 connects second grade motor 40, and second grade motor 40 is installed in second grade stirring pond 35 top, and the bottom of the pool of second grade stirring pond 35 establishes pan bottom type bottom of the pool 45, is equipped with feeding hard tube 42 in the second grade stirring pond 35, is equipped with feeding motor 43 on the feeding hard tube 42, and an import of merogenesis ware 24 is connected to the other end of feeding hard tube 43, and its a plurality of exports correspond the port of gas holder 3 and the top of four peripheral feed inlets 5 through inlet pipe 32 respectively, the port of gas holder 3 is central feed inlet 9 promptly.

As a further improvement to the scheme, four peripheral feed inlets 5 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the conical tank top 2.

As a further improvement of the above scheme, the sectioning device 24 is provided with an inlet and five outlets, the five outlets are provided with brakes, the five outlets respectively correspond to a port (central feed port) of an air storage tank 3 arranged in the middle of the conical tank top 2 and four peripheral feed ports 5, and the port of the air storage tank 3 is the central feed port 9; and the sectioning device 24 is arranged on the side edge of the conical tank top 2, and five outlets are respectively inclined towards the feeding holes (the port of the gas storage tank and four peripheral feeding holes) of the conical tank top 2 of the fermentation tank body 1 so as to solve the problem that the material slag sinks to block the pipeline when the feeding is stopped.

As a further improvement to the scheme, the tank body 1 and the tank top 2 of the fermentation tank are both provided with a plurality of layers of heat-insulating layers, and the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the tank body 1 are both provided with thermometers; after feeding, five feed inlets (four peripheral feed inlets and one central feed inlet) are sealed and then subjected to heat preservation.

As a further improvement to the scheme, the anti-floating filter grate 7 is detachably connected, and the height of the anti-floating filter grate 7 is lower than that of the overflow pipe 28.

As a further improvement to the scheme, the straws are directly fed from a plurality of feed inlets 5 at the top 2 of the fermentation tank after being crushed, and the soft feed pipe 46 can stretch and move; after the feed is full, flexible feed tube 32 is removed.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the excrement and the kitchen waste enter the storage pool 33 through the feeding door 36, enter the primary stirring pool 34 through the control of the valve gate 37, are filtered by the grating 44 after being stirred, enter the secondary stirring pool 35, and are respectively fed from the plurality of feeding holes 5 at the top 2 of the fermentation tank through the feeding hard pipe 42, the sectioning device 24 and the feeding pipe 32.

As a further improvement of the scheme, when the straws are firstly crushed and then the excrement and the kitchen waste liquid are fed, the residue discharge valve 17 at the lower part of the fermentation tank is slightly opened to discharge excessive water, so that the biogas raw materials are piled and retted in the fermentation tank to generate high temperature.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the slag discharge valve 17 is slightly opened during feeding, so that the biogas raw materials are piled and retted in the fermentation tank to generate high temperature of 60-70 ℃, the biogas raw materials are heated, greenhouse effect on the atmosphere is reduced, and the energy is saved and the environment is protected.

As a further improvement of the scheme, after the retting is finished, the residue discharge valve 17 is closed, old biogas slurry which is just discharged from another fermentation tank and has a certain temperature is returned to the fermentation tank in time to be used as a strain, if the temperature in the fermentation tank is too high, the old biogas slurry is cooled and then returned to the fermentation tank, and if the temperature in the fermentation tank is too low, the old biogas slurry is heated by the boiler 23 and then returned to the fermentation tank, so that the temperature in the fermentation tank meets the medium-high temperature fermentation requirement.

As a further improvement of the scheme, two hundred percent of biogas slurry are ensured to flow back through the biogas slurry and flow out through the overflow pipe 18, when too much old biogas slurry flows back through the fermentation tank, the old biogas slurry is discharged through the overflow pipe, and the upper plane 8 of the biogas slurry in the fermentation tank is higher than the anti-floating filter grate 7.

As a further improvement of the scheme, after fermentation is finished, the gas guide pipe 28 is closed, the residue discharge valve 17 and the feeding port cover 6 are opened, biogas residues are discharged from the residue discharge channel 16, the biogas slurry reflux motor 27 and the reflux pump are opened, biogas slurry enters the fermentation tank from the top to increase the fluidity of the biogas residues, and if residue discharge is difficult, the cover of the inspection window 10 at the lower part of the fermentation tank and the auxiliary residue discharge port can be opened for manual residue discharge.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the device for preparing the biogas from the agricultural waste straw mixed raw material at the high temperature adopts upper feeding and lower discharging, the straw mixed raw material is filled in the fermentation tank in percentage, the biogas raw material is in biogas slurry in percentage, the gas production rate of the medium-high temperature fermentation is highest, the fermentation period is determined by the temperature in the fermentation tank, but the biogas is not produced at the temperature, the gas production rate of the medium-high temperature fermentation is highest, no device is arranged in the fermentation tank, the engineering investment is lowest, the large feeding and the large discharging are realized, and the operation cost is lowest, namely one step is higher than two steps.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the process flow of producing the biogas by the high-temperature biogas production device in the agricultural waste straw mixed raw material comprises the following steps: feeding and refluxing old biogas slurry as strains, heating and preserving heat for biological fermentation to produce biogas, discharging biogas slurry and biogas residues after biogas production is finished, and performing dry-wet separation on the biogas slurry and the biogas residues, wherein the biogas residues are raw materials for preparing high-quality organic fertilizers, most of the biogas slurry is refluxed as the strains, and a small amount of the biogas slurry is used as liquid organic fertilizers; only biogas raw materials and biogas slurry are contained in the fermentation tank, the fermentation period is determined by the temperature, and no biogas is generated;

basic conditions for producing biogas are as follows: biogas raw material, microorganism and temperature;

the crop straws are used as biogas raw materials (the dry matter content is 20%), and are fermented at medium and high temperature (30-55 ℃), and the gas production rate of the fermentation tank are the best;

the method comprises the steps that biogas is prepared from straw mixed raw materials at a high temperature in a full-dry fermentation process, the straw mixed raw materials are piled and retted in a fermentation tank to generate a high temperature of 60-70 ℃, and after the straw mixed raw materials are fully fed from a plurality of outer feed inlets at the top, an anti-floating filter grate is fixed, old biogas slurry is refluxed to enable the straw mixed raw materials to be fully filled in the fermentation tank, all the straw mixed raw materials are in the biogas slurry, all the biogas raw materials are in contact with microorganisms, and the gas production rate is highest; will make great contribution to the resource utilization of agricultural wastes in China, pollution treatment, national energy safety, especially energy conversion.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The device for preparing the biogas at the high temperature from the mixed raw materials of agricultural wastes and straws comprises a double-cone fermentation tank and an automatic slag discharging system, and is characterized in that the double-cone fermentation tank and the automatic slag discharging system comprise a ladder-shaped fermentation tank body, a cone-shaped tank top, a gas storage tank cover, a bolt sealing ring, a peripheral feed inlet, a feed inlet cover, a bolt sealing ring, an anti-floating filter grate, a biogas slurry upper plane, a central feed inlet, a corresponding manual auxiliary slag discharging window, a slag discharging window cover, a bolt sealing ring, an inverted cone-shaped fermentation tank bottom, a gas guide pipe, a slag discharging channel, a slag discharging valve, an overflow pipe, a biogas slurry return pipe, a biogas slurry pool, a biogas slurry heating chamber, a thermometer, a boiler heating circulation pipe, a circulation pump and a biogas slurry return motor, wherein the cone-shaped tank top is integrally arranged at the top of the ladder-shaped fermentation tank, the gas storage tank is provided with a gas storage tank cover and a bolt sealing ring, the side wall of the gas storage tank is communicated with a gas guide pipe, the upper circumference of the top of the conical tank is uniformly provided with a plurality of peripheral feed inlets, the conical tank is provided with a feed inlet cover and the bolt sealing ring, the top of the conical tank is also provided with an overflow pipe and a return pipe, the return pipe is provided with a return motor, the lower end of the return pipe extends into a heating chamber communicated with the biogas slurry tank, the heating chamber is provided with a thermometer, the top of the heating chamber is provided with an inspection window and a sealing cover, a heating circulating; ladder type fermentation tank body lower part sets up a plurality of artifical supplementary windows and the inspection window of slagging tap that correspond to connect and slag tap window lid and bolt seal circle, the bottom of ladder type fermentation tank body sets to back taper type tank bottoms, and the centre at back taper type tank bottoms is equipped with slag discharging channel, and communicates in natural pond, is equipped with the slag discharging valve on the slag discharging channel, and the bottom of ladder type fermentation tank body is equipped with the drain pipe, and communicates the back flow, and the outer end of drain pipe is equipped with the drain valve, be equipped with the switch on the back flow.

2. The device for producing biogas at high temperature in agricultural waste straw mixed raw material according to claim 1, further comprising a straw feeding system, wherein the straw feeding system comprises a straw pulverizer, a fan, a hard feeding pipe and a soft feeding pipe, the straw pulverizer is connected with the fan through a pipeline, an outlet of the fan is connected with one end of the hard feeding pipe, and the other end of the fan is connected with the soft feeding pipe.

3. The device for preparing methane at high temperature from agricultural waste straw mixed raw material according to claim 1, further comprising a tertiary excrement and kitchen waste feeding system, wherein the tertiary excrement and kitchen waste feeding system comprises a waste storage tank, a primary stirring tank, a secondary stirring tank, a feeding gate, a valve gate, a primary motor, a primary stirrer, a secondary motor, a secondary stirrer, a feeding hard pipe, a feeding motor, a grating, a sectioning device and a feeding pipe, wherein the bottom wall of the storage tank is obliquely communicated with the primary stirring tank, the primary stirring tank is communicated with the secondary stirring tank through the grating, the valve gate is arranged on an oblique channel between the storage tank and the primary stirring tank, the feeding gate is arranged on the storage tank, the primary stirrer is arranged in the primary stirring tank and connected with the primary motor, the primary motor is arranged above the primary stirring tank, and the secondary stirrer is arranged in the secondary stirring tank, the second grade motor is connected to the second grade agitator, and the second grade motor is installed in second grade stirring pond top, and the bottom of the pool in second grade stirring pond establishes pot bottom type bottom of the pool, is equipped with the feeding hard tube in the second grade stirring pond, is equipped with the feeding motor on the feeding hard tube, and an import of merogenesis ware is connected to the other end of feeding hard tube, and its a plurality of exports correspond the port of gas holder and the top of four peripheral feed inlets through the inlet pipe respectively, the port of gas holder is central feed inlet promptly.

4. The device for producing biogas at high temperature in agricultural waste straw mixed raw material as claimed in claim 1, wherein four peripheral feed inlets are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the conical tank top.

5. The device for producing biogas at high temperature from agricultural waste straw mixed raw material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the sectioning device is provided with an inlet and five outlets, the five outlets respectively correspond to the port of the gas storage tank arranged in the middle of the conical tank top and four peripheral feed inlets, and the port of the gas storage tank is a central feed inlet; and the sectioning device is arranged on the side edge of the conical tank top, and the five outlets are respectively inclined towards the port of the conical tank top of the fermentation tank and the four peripheral feed inlets.

6. The device for producing biogas at high temperature in agricultural waste straw mixed raw material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tank body and the tank top of the fermentation tank are both provided with a plurality of layers of heat preservation layers, and the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the tank body are both provided with thermometers.

7. The device for producing biogas at high temperature in agricultural waste straw mixed raw material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anti-floating filter grate is detachably connected, and the height of the anti-floating filter grate is lower than that of the overflow pipe, so that the upper surface of biogas slurry is slightly higher than that of the anti-floating filter grate.