CN211534548U

CN211534548U - Biopsy needle and biopsy device with same

Info

Publication number: CN211534548U
Application number: CN201922359696.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭现立
Original assignee: Shenzhen Chengchuan Medical Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Chengchuan Medical Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-25
Filing date: 2019-12-25
Publication date: 2020-09-22
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-25

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biopsy needle reaches biopsy device including biopsy needle and drive arrangement. The biopsy needle is used for being connected with the driving device and can be driven by the driving device to be switched to a differential rotation state or a constant-speed rotation state, and the biopsy needle comprises an outer knife tube and an inner knife tube which is slidably arranged in the outer knife tube. When in a differential rotation state, the inner cutter tube rotates and translates relative to the outer cutter tube. When in a constant-speed rotation state, the inner cutter tube only rotates relative to the outer cutter tube. The driving device of the biopsy device can move to different positions to output power to the biopsy needle, and gear shifting operation is achieved, so that the biopsy needle can be switched to different working states as required. When in the differential rotation state, the living tissue can be cut; when being in the constant speed rotation state, the interior sword pipe is only rotatory relatively outer sword pipe, can inject and evenly spread the medicine to whole incision via interior sword pipe, in time alleviates patient's pain, still can carry out circumference suction hematoma through interior sword pipe, and can not block up interior sword pipe.

Description

Biopsy needle and biopsy device with same

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of medical equipment, concretely relates to biopsy needle and have biopsy device of this biopsy needle.

Background

A biopsy needle is a medical instrument used to sample living tissue within an organ such as a breast. Existing biopsy needles typically include an outer blade tube having a cutting window, and an inner blade tube slidably disposed within the outer blade tube. In operation, the inner blade tube translates and rotates within the outer blade tube to cut the living tissue at the cutting window.

In the actual operation process, the direction of the biopsy sampling groove is often required to be adjusted; injecting a drug, such as an anesthetic, through the inner blade tube to an incision in the living tissue to reduce or alleviate pain in the patient; removing hematoma and the like through the inner knife tube. However, the inventors of the present application found that: when the existing biopsy needle is used for conveying the medicine, the inner knife tube needs to stop moving and then convey the medicine through the inner knife tube, and the inner knife tube stops rotating while stopping moving, so that the medicine cannot be uniformly injected to the incision of the living tissue, only the local pain can be relieved, the pain relieving effect is poor, hematoma is easy to block the inner knife tube, and the clearing effect is poor.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a biopsy needle and a biopsy device having the same, which can solve the above problems or at least solve the above problems to some extent.

To this end, the present invention provides a biopsy needle for connecting with and being driven by a driving device, the biopsy needle comprising an outer knife tube and an inner knife tube slidably disposed in the outer knife tube, the biopsy needle being driven by the driving device to switch to a differential rotation state or a constant rotation state; when the biopsy needle is in the differential rotation state, the inner knife tube rotates and translates relative to the outer knife tube; when the biopsy needle is in the constant-speed rotation state, the inner knife tube only rotates relative to the outer knife tube.

Further, the biopsy needle further comprises an inner knife tube rotating driven member sleeved outside the inner knife tube, the inner knife tube is axially slidably arranged in the inner knife tube rotating driven member and can rotate along with the rotation of the inner knife tube rotating driven member, and when the biopsy needle is in the differential rotation state or the constant-speed rotation state, the inner knife tube rotating driven member is driven by the driving device to rotate.

Further, the biopsy needle also comprises a constant-speed rotating driven part sleeved outside the inner knife pipe; when the inner knife tube rotating driven piece and the constant-speed rotating driven piece are driven by the driving device to rotate at the same speed so as to drive the inner knife tube to rotate only relative to the outer knife tube, the biopsy needle is in the constant-speed rotating state.

Furthermore, the biopsy needle further comprises a differential rotation driven member sleeved outside the inner knife tube, and when the inner knife tube rotation driven member and the differential rotation driven member are driven by the driving device to rotate and rotate at different rotating speeds so as to drive the inner knife tube to rotate and translate relative to the outer knife tube, the biopsy needle is in the differential rotation state.

Further, the biopsy needle still includes integrated into one piece or fixed cover establishes the connecting axle outside the interior sword pipe, the connecting axle includes along axial distribution's first district section and second district section, the biopsy needle still including the cover establish the connecting axle the first sleeve outside the first district section, the connecting axle first district section axially slidable set up in the first sleeve and can follow the first sleeve rotates and rotates, interior sword pipe rotates the fixed cover of follower and establishes the periphery of first sleeve.

Further, the biopsy needle further comprises a second sleeve sleeved outside the second section of the connecting shaft, the second sleeve is in threaded connection with the second section of the connecting shaft, and the differential speed rotating driven member and the constant speed rotating driven member are fixedly sleeved on the periphery of the second sleeve.

Further, the second sleeve is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first sleeve, the inner cutter tube rotating driven piece is arranged at one end of the first sleeve, the differential speed rotating driven piece is arranged at one end of the second sleeve, and the differential speed rotating driven piece and the inner cutter tube rotating driven piece are arranged in an adjacent mode.

In some embodiments, the outer wall of the connecting shaft is formed with a boss or a groove, and the inner wall of the first sleeve is formed with a groove or a boss, which is axially slidably embedded in the groove.

The second sleeve is threadedly engaged with the second section of the connecting shaft using one of the following:

1) the second section of the connecting shaft is provided with an external thread groove, and the second sleeve comprises a sliding column which is embedded in the external thread groove in a sliding manner; when the biopsy needle is in the differential rotation state, the second sleeve and the connecting shaft rotate relatively at a differential value, and the sliding column rotates and slides relative to the external thread groove in the external thread groove so as to push the connecting shaft to translate; when the biopsy needle is in the constant-speed rotation state, the second sleeve and the connecting shaft rotate at a constant speed, and the sliding column is static relative to the external thread groove in the external thread groove;

2) the second section of the connecting shaft is provided with an external thread groove, and the inner wall of the second sleeve is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread groove; when the biopsy needle is in the differential rotation state, the second sleeve and the connecting shaft rotate relatively at a differential value so as to push the connecting shaft to translate; when the biopsy needle is in the constant-speed rotation state, the second sleeve and the connecting shaft rotate at a constant speed.

Further, the thread pitch of the external thread groove is equal pitch or variable pitch, so that the inner cutter tube can translate at a constant speed or variable speed in the differential rotation state.

In some embodiments, the outer knife tube has a cutting window and an outer knife tube rotation follower is fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the outer knife tube, the biopsy needle can be switched to an outer knife tube rotation state by driving the outer knife tube rotation follower by the driving device, and the biopsy needle is in the outer knife tube rotation state when the outer knife tube rotates relative to the axis of the outer knife tube so as to adjust the sampling direction of the cutting window.

On the other hand, the utility model discloses still provide a biopsy device, including aforementioned biopsy needle and be used for the drive biopsy needle make it switch over to at least to differential rotation state or the drive arrangement of constant speed rotation state.

Further, the driving device comprises a driving assembly, and a shifter and a power source which are respectively connected with two ends of the driving assembly, wherein the shifter is used for driving the driving assembly to axially slide so that the driving assembly can output power at different positions, the power source is used for driving the driving assembly to rotate, and the driving assembly is used for driving the biopsy needle to be switched to a differential rotation state, a constant-speed rotation state or an outer cutter tube rotation state.

Further, the driving assembly comprises a guide shaft, and a rotary driving part, a differential rotary driving part and a constant-speed rotary driving part which are fixedly sleeved on the periphery of the guide shaft; when the rotary driving part drives the inner cutter tube rotary driven part to rotate and the differential rotary driving part drives the differential rotary driven part to rotate, the biopsy needle is in the differential rotation state; when the rotary driving part drives the inner cutter tube rotary driven part to rotate and the constant-speed rotary driving part drives the constant-speed rotary driven part to rotate, the biopsy needle is in the constant-speed rotary state; when the rotary driving piece drives the outer knife tube rotary driven piece to rotate, the biopsy needle is in the outer knife tube rotating state.

Further, the rotary driving part, the differential rotary driving part, the constant-speed rotary driving part, the outer cutter tube rotary driven part, the inner cutter tube rotary driven part, the differential rotary driven part and the constant-speed rotary driven part are all gears; the number of teeth of the rotary driving part is equal to that of the outer cutter tube rotary driven part/inner cutter tube rotary driven part, and the transmission ratio is 1: 1; the constant-speed rotating driving part and the constant-speed rotating driven part have the same number of teeth and the transmission ratio is 1: 1; the number of teeth of the differential speed rotation driving part and the number of teeth of the differential speed rotation driven part are different, and the transmission ratio is not equal to 1.

The utility model discloses a biopsy needle, when needs cutting live body tissue, accessible drive arrangement drive biopsy needle switches to the differential rotation state. When the medicine needs to be injected, the biopsy needle can be driven by the driving device to be switched to a constant-speed rotation state so as to uniformly inject the medicine through the inner knife tube. Convenient operation and good pain relieving effect. In addition, hematoma can be sucked and removed circumferentially through the inner knife tube, the inner knife tube cannot be blocked, and the clearing effect is good.

Drawings

Fig. 1A is a perspective view of a biopsy device according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the biopsy needle is in differential rotation.

FIG. 1B is a partial cross-sectional view of the biopsy device shown in FIG. 1A.

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the biopsy needle of the biopsy device shown in FIG. 1A.

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the drive mechanism of the biopsy device shown in FIG. 1A.

FIG. 4A is another perspective view of the biopsy device shown in FIG. 1A, wherein the biopsy needle is in a constant velocity rotational state.

FIG. 4B is a partial cross-sectional view of the biopsy device shown in FIG. 4A.

FIG. 5A is a further perspective view of the biopsy device of FIG. 1A, wherein the biopsy needle is in an outer blade tube rotational state.

FIG. 5B is a partial cross-sectional view of the biopsy device shown in FIG. 5A.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that the technical solutions and the advantages thereof will be more clearly understood. It is to be understood that the drawings are provided for purposes of illustration and description only and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the invention, but the dimensions shown in the drawings are for convenience and are not to be taken as limiting the scale.

Referring to fig. 1A, a biopsy device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a biopsy needle 10 and a drive handle including a handle (not shown) having an interior cavity and a drive mechanism 20 disposed within the interior cavity of the handle for driving the biopsy needle 10. The present specification defines that the end of the biopsy device close to the operator, e.g. the physician, is the proximal end, whereas the end of the biopsy device close to the living tissue is the distal end.

The biopsy needle 10 includes a hollow outer blade tube 30, and a hollow inner blade tube 50 slidably disposed within the outer blade tube 30, wherein a proximal portion of the inner blade tube 50 extends out of the outer blade tube 30. The outer blade tube 30 is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the distal end thereof with a cutting window 31 communicating with the interior thereof for accommodating the living tissue. In the present embodiment, the biopsy needle 10 is switchable to the differential rotation state and the constant speed rotation state by the driving of the driving device 20. When the biopsy needle 10 is in the differential rotation state, the outer cutter tube 30 is fixed, and the inner cutter tube 50 is both rotated and translated with respect to the outer cutter tube 30, thereby cutting the living tissue at the cutting window 31. When the biopsy needle 10 is in a constant rotation state, the outer blade tube 30 is fixed, and the inner blade tube 50 rotates only with respect to the outer blade tube 30. At this time, the doctor can uniformly inject the medicine to the incision of the living tissue via the inner cutter tube 50 to reduce or relieve the pain of the patient. The hematoma can be sucked and removed in the circumferential direction through the inner knife tube without blocking the inner knife tube.

Preferably, the biopsy needle 10 is also switchable to an outer blade tube rotation state by the driving of the driving device 20. When the biopsy needle 10 is in the outer blade tube rotating state, the inner blade tube 50 is fixed, i.e., the inner blade tube 50 does not rotate nor translate at this time, and the outer blade tube 30 rotates with respect to its own central axis. At this time, the doctor can adjust the cutting window 31 to a desired sampling direction, thereby cutting the living tissue at a desired angle, and the operation is convenient.

In practice, the biopsy needle 10 is driven by the driving device 20 to enter the outer cutter rotation state, the cutting window 31 of the outer cutter 30 is adjusted to the desired sampling direction, then the driving device 20 is controlled to drive the biopsy needle 10 to enter the constant speed rotation state to uniformly inject the medicine to the cut of the living tissue, and finally the driving device 20 is controlled to drive the biopsy needle 10 to enter the differential rotation state to cut the living tissue.

Referring to fig. 1A to 2, in the present embodiment, the biopsy needle 10 further includes a connecting shaft 51 integrally or fixedly sleeved on the outer circumference of the portion of the inner knife tube 50 extending out of the outer knife tube 30, a first sleeve 52 and a second sleeve 53 sleeved on the connecting shaft 51, and a third sleeve 32 fixedly sleeved on the outer knife tube 30, wherein the first sleeve 52 is located between the second sleeve 53 and the third sleeve 32. Connecting shaft 51 includes first section 510 and second section 511 distributed along the axial direction, wherein first section 510 is near the distal end, and second section 511 is near the proximal end. The first section 510 is connected to the first sleeve 52 in a circumferentially fixed axially sliding manner. The second section 511 is threaded with the second sleeve 53. Preferably, the inner diameter of the second sleeve 53 is larger than the outer diameter of the first sleeve 52, such that the second sleeve 53 may be sleeved outside the first sleeve 52 to reduce the overall volume of the biopsy needle 10.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, an inner cutter tube rotation follower 520 is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the first sleeve 52. Preferably, the inner blade tube rotational follower 520 is disposed at the distal end of the first sleeve 52. The second sleeve 53 is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery with a differential speed rotation follower 530 and a constant speed rotation follower 531 arranged at intervals. Preferably, the differential rotation follower 530 and the constant velocity rotation follower 531 are disposed at the distal end of the second sleeve 53, with the differential rotation follower 530 being closer to the distal end of the second sleeve 53 than to the constant velocity rotation follower 531, and preferably the differential rotation follower 530 being located at the distal end of the second sleeve 53. Thus, when the second sleeve 53 is sleeved over the first sleeve 52, the differential rotation follower 530 is disposed adjacent the proximal end of the inner knife tube rotation follower 520. The outer periphery of the third sleeve 32 is fixedly sleeved with an outer cutter tube rotating follower 320. Preferably, the outer blade tube rotation follower 320 is disposed at the proximal end of the third sleeve 32. Thus, when the inner knife tube 50 is inserted into the outer knife tube 30, the outer knife tube rotational follower 320 is disposed adjacent the distal end of the inner knife tube rotational follower 520. This arrangement is not only compact, facilitating a reduction in the overall bulk of biopsy needle 10, but also facilitates the switching of biopsy needle 10 to different gear states upon actuation of drive arrangement 20 (as it facilitates a reduction in the distance of axial translation of drive assembly 40, as will be described below).

Preferably, the inner knife tube rotating follower 520, the differential rotating follower 530, the constant velocity rotating follower 531, and the outer knife tube rotating follower 320 are all gears. Preferably, the inner cutter tube rotational follower 520, the constant velocity rotational follower 531, and the outer cutter tube rotational follower 320 all have the same number of teeth. The number of teeth of the differential rotational follower 530 is different from the number of teeth of the inner cutter tube rotational follower 520. The drive device 20 has a drive gear formed thereon that is correspondingly engaged with each driven gear of the biopsy needle 10 (described in more detail below). In other words, in the present embodiment, the driving device 20 drives the biopsy needle 10 by means of direct gear transmission. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the biopsy needle 10 may be driven in other ways, as long as the sleeves of the biopsy needle 10 are rotated as desired, and the outer and

inner knife tubes

30, 50 are correspondingly rotated and/or translated.

When the driving device 20 drives the biopsy needle 10 to enter the outer-cutter rotation state, the driving device 20 drives the outer-cutter rotation follower 320 to rotate, so that the third sleeve 32 rotates, and further drives the outer cutter 30 fixedly connected with the third sleeve 32 to rotate, and in the process, the first sleeve 52 and the second sleeve 53 do not rotate. When the driving means 20 drives the biopsy needle 10 into the constant speed rotation state, the outer blade tube rotation follower 320 and, therefore, the third sleeve 32, i.e., the outer blade tube 30, do not rotate. The inner cutter tube rotary follower 520 and the constant velocity rotary follower 531 rotate at the same rotational speed, and therefore the first sleeve 52 and the second sleeve 53 also rotate at the same rotational speed, and the inner cutter tube 50 is driven to rotate only. When the drive mechanism 20 drives the biopsy needle 10 into differential rotation, similarly, the outer knife tube 30 likewise does not rotate, the inner knife tube rotation follower 520 and the differential rotation follower 530 rotate at different speeds, and thus the first sleeve 52 and the second sleeve 53 also rotate at different speeds, thereby driving the inner knife tube 50 both to rotate and to translate.

In this embodiment, the circumferentially fixed axially sliding connection of the first section 510 of the connecting shaft 51 and the first sleeve 52 is preferably achieved by: the surface of the first section 510 is formed with a boss 512 projecting radially outwardly. The inner wall of the first sleeve 52 is formed with a groove 521 extending in the axial direction. The boss 512 is axially slidably inserted into the groove 521, so that the first sleeve 52 is circumferentially and axially slidably connected with the connecting shaft 51. Preferably, the surface of the first section 510 is formed with two bosses 512 that are diametrically opposed. Accordingly, the inner wall of the first sleeve 52 is also formed with two diametrically opposed grooves 521. The two bosses 512 are matched with the two grooves 521, so that the connection stability of the first sleeve 52 and the connecting shaft 51 can be improved.

It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, other structural arrangements may be used to achieve the circumferentially fixed axially sliding connection of the first sleeve 52 to the connecting shaft 51. For example, a boss may be formed on the inner wall of the first sleeve 52 radially inward, and a groove extending in the axial direction and engaged with the boss on the first sleeve 52 may be formed on the surface of the connecting shaft 51. For example, the inner wall of the first sleeve 52 may be formed as a polygonal hole, and accordingly, the surface of the connection shaft 51 may be formed as a polygonal prism; alternatively, the inner wall of the first sleeve 52 may be formed with a D-shaped hole, and accordingly, the surface of the connecting shaft 51 is formed with a D-shaped column; still alternatively, it is also possible to make the inner wall of the first sleeve 52 form a double D-shaped hole (including two opposite flat surfaces and two opposite arc surfaces), and accordingly, the surface of the connecting shaft 51 form a double D-shaped column (including two opposite flat surfaces and two opposite arc surfaces), and so on.

In this embodiment, the screwing of the second section 511 of the connecting shaft 51 and the second sleeve 53 is preferably realized in the following manner: the outer circumferential surface of the second section 511 is formed with an external thread groove 513. The proximal portion of the second sleeve 53 includes a through hole 532 radially penetrating through a sidewall thereof, and a spool 533 inserted into the through hole 532. The sliding post 533 is radially inwardly extended and slidably fitted in the external thread groove 513. When the first sleeve 52 and the second sleeve 53 rotate at different rotation speeds, the sliding column 533 rotates and slides in the external thread groove 513, so as to push the connecting shaft 51 to translate in the axial direction. At this time, since the first sleeve 52 is connected to the first section 510 of the connecting shaft 51 in a circumferentially fixed and axially sliding manner, the connecting shaft 51 also rotates during the translation. When the first sleeve 52 and the second sleeve 53 rotate at the same speed, the spool 533 is stationary with respect to the externally threaded slot 513.

Preferably, the thread pitch of the external thread groove 513 of the connecting shaft 51 is a variable pitch so that the inner cutter tube 50 is translated at a variable speed in a differential rotation state. Preferably, the thread pitch of the intermediate portion of the external thread groove 513 is larger than the thread pitches of both axial ends. In this way, when the connecting shaft 51 is translated such that the sliding columns 533 are located at the middle portion of the external thread groove 513, the translation speed of the connecting shaft 51, that is, the translation speed of the inner knife tube 50, can be increased, and when the connecting shaft 51 is translated such that the sliding columns 533 are located at the two axial ends of the external thread groove 513, the translation speed of the connecting shaft 51, that is, the translation speed of the inner knife tube 50, can be decreased, which is convenient for cutting living tissue or stopping rotation after the speed is decreased. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the inner cutter tube 50 may also translate at a constant rate, in which case it is only necessary to provide a consistent pitch of the threads of the outer thread groove throughout.

It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, other configurations may be used to achieve both rotation and translation of the connecting shaft 51 using the differential characteristics of the first and

second sleeves

52, 53. For example, it is also possible to form an internal thread on the inner wall of the second sleeve 53 and to screw-connect the internal thread thereof to the external thread on the connecting shaft 51.

Preferably, the proximal portion of the second sleeve 53 is radially inwardly recessed to form a constricted portion 534 having both a reduced outer diameter and an inner diameter, wherein the through-hole 532 and the spool 533 are disposed in the sidewall of the constricted portion 534. A step 535 is formed between the inner wall of the constriction 534 and the inner wall of the remainder of the second sleeve 53. The proximal end of the first sleeve 52 abuts the step 535. The distal end of the first sleeve 52 abuts the proximal end of the third sleeve 32. Preferably, the proximal end of the constriction 534 projects radially outwardly to form a detent 536. The snap 536 is adapted to fit into a female stop (not shown) to prevent axial displacement of the second sleeve 53 and, thus, the first sleeve 52. The snap-in projection 536 is preferably annular and, correspondingly, the stop member is preferably annular in the form of a groove. The stop may be formed in a stationary component such as a housing of the biopsy device.

It is understood that, in some embodiments, the connection shaft 51 may not be provided, and the boss 512 and the external thread groove 513 structure which are matched with the first sleeve 52 and the second sleeve 53 may be directly formed on the outer wall of the inner cutter tube 50, and the differential rotation state and the constant speed rotation state of the inner cutter tube 50 may also be achieved.

The specific structure of the driving device and the process of engaging the driving device with the biopsy needle in the present embodiment will be described in detail below.

In this embodiment, the drive device 20 includes a drive assembly 40, a distractor 60 coupled to a proximal end of the drive assembly 40, and a power source 80 coupled to a distal end of the drive assembly 40. The shifter 60 is used to drive the driving assembly 40 to axially slide so that it outputs power at different positions. The power source 80 is used to drive the rotation of the drive assembly 40. The driving assembly 40 is used for driving the biopsy needle 10 to switch to a differential rotation state, a constant speed rotation state or an outer knife tube rotation state.

The driving assembly 40 includes a guide shaft 41, and a rotary driving member 42, a differential rotary driving member 43, and a constant-velocity rotary driving member 44 fixedly fitted around the outer periphery of the guide shaft 41 and arranged in this order from the distal end to the proximal end. Preferably, the rotation driving member 42 is disposed at a distal end of the guide shaft 41. The distal end of the differential rotation driving member 43 is disposed adjacent to the proximal end of the rotation driving member 42. The constant-velocity rotation driving member 44 is disposed spaced apart from the differential-velocity rotation driving member 43.

In order to fix the axial positions of the differential rotation driving member 43 and the constant-velocity rotation driving member 44 relative to each other, the driving assembly 40 in this embodiment preferably further includes an abutting sleeve 45 disposed between the constant-velocity rotation driving member 44 and the differential rotation driving member 43, a radially inner side of the abutting sleeve 45 is fastened to a radially outer side of the guide shaft 41, a proximal end of the abutting sleeve 45 abuts against a distal end of the constant-velocity rotation driving member 44, and a distal end of the abutting sleeve 45 abuts against a proximal end of the differential rotation driving member 43. It is also preferable that the outer peripheral portion of the guide shaft 41 adjacent to the proximal end of the isokinetic rotation driving member 44 is further formed with an abutting ring 46 projecting radially outward. The constant-speed rotation driving member 44 abuts between the abutting sleeve 45 and the abutting ring 46.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the rotary driving member 42, the differential rotary driving member 43, and the constant velocity rotary driving member 44 are all gears. Preferably, the number of teeth of the rotary driving member 42 and the constant velocity rotary driving member 44 is the same. The number of teeth of the differential rotation driving member 43 is different from that of the rotation driving member 42. In this embodiment, the transmission ratio between the rotary driving member 42 and the outer cutter tube rotary driven member 320 is 1:1, and the number of teeth of the two gears is the same. The transmission ratio of the rotary driving member 42 to the inner cutter tube rotary driven member 520 is 1:1, and the number of teeth of the two gears is the same. The transmission ratio between the constant velocity rotary driving member 44 and the constant velocity rotary driven member 531 is also 1:1, and the number of teeth of both gears is also the same. The number of teeth of the differential rotation driving member 43 is different from that of the differential rotation driven member 530, wherein the transmission ratio of the differential rotation driving member 43 to the differential rotation driven member 530 is not equal to 1, preferably less than 1, and may be 0.8:1, for example. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the transmission ratio of the differential rotational driving member 43 to the differential rotational driven member 530 may also be greater than 1, for example, 1: 0.8.

Fig. 1A and 1B show a differential rotation state of the biopsy device in the present embodiment. As can be seen, the rotary driving member 42 of the driving device 20 is engaged with the inner knife rotational follower 520 of the biopsy needle 10, and the differential rotary driving member 43 of the driving device 20 is engaged with the differential rotary follower 530 of the biopsy needle 10. When the power source 80 drives the driving assembly 40 to rotate, the rotating driving member 42 drives the inner cutter tube rotating driven member 520 to rotate, and further drives the first sleeve 52 to rotate at a first rotating speed; the differential rotation driving member 43 drives the differential rotation driven member 530 to rotate, and further drives the second sleeve 53 to rotate at the second rotation speed. Due to the difference in the number of teeth of the gears operating in this state, the first rotational speed of the first sleeve 52 and the second rotational speed of the second sleeve 53 will be different, and the inner cutter tube 50 will both rotate and translate by engagement with the aforementioned connecting shaft 51. In operation, the power source 80 of the driving device 20 is controlled to alternately rotate the driving assembly 40 in the forward and reverse directions, and thus the inner cutter tube rotation follower 520 and the differential rotation follower 530 are controlled to alternately rotate in the forward and reverse directions, so that the inner cutter tube 50 can alternately advance and retreat with respect to the outer cutter tube 30.

Fig. 4A and 4B show a constant-speed rotation state of the biopsy device in the present embodiment. As can be seen from the figures, the rotary driving member 42 of the driving device 20 is engaged with the inner blade tube rotary follower 520 of the biopsy needle 10, and the constant velocity rotary driving member 44 of the driving device 20 is engaged with the constant velocity rotary follower 531 of the biopsy needle 10, wherein switching from the aforementioned differential rotation state to the constant velocity rotation state can be achieved by displacing the driving assembly 40 by the displacer 60 (described in detail below). When the power source 80 drives the driving assembly 40 to rotate, the rotating driving member 42 drives the inner cutter tube rotating driven member 520 to rotate, and further drives the first sleeve 52 to rotate at a first rotating speed; the constant-speed rotation driving member 44 drives the constant-speed rotation driven member 531 to rotate, and further drives the second sleeve 53 to rotate at the second rotation speed. Due to the equal number of teeth of the gears operating in this state, the first rotational speed of the first sleeve 52 and the second rotational speed of the second sleeve 53 will be the same, and the inner cutter tube 50 will only rotate relative to the outer cutter tube 30 without translating due to the cooperation with the aforementioned connecting shaft 51.

Fig. 5A and 5B show the outer blade tube rotation state of the biopsy device in this embodiment. As can be seen from the figures, only the rotary driving member 42 of the drive means 20 engages with the outer knife tube rotary follower 320 of the biopsy needle 10, wherein switching from the aforementioned first or constant speed rotational state to the outer knife tube rotational state is achieved by the displacer 60 displacing the drive assembly 40 (as will be explained in detail below). When the power source 80 drives the driving assembly 40 to rotate, the rotating driving member 42 drives the outer cutter tube rotating driven member 320 to rotate, and further drives the outer cutter tube 30 to rotate, and at this time, the inner cutter tube 50 does not rotate.

How the drive assembly 40 is displaced and rotated will now be described with reference to fig. 1A-1B and fig. 3. In this embodiment, the driving assembly 40 of the driving device 20 further comprises a supporting tube 47 detachably connected to the distal end of the shifter 60, and a connecting tube 48 rotatably and axially slidably disposed in the supporting tube 47, wherein the guiding shaft 41 is rotatably connected to the connecting tube 48.

In this embodiment, the support tube 47 and the connection tube 48 are preferably axially slidably arranged in a rotation-proof manner by adopting the following structure: the support tube 47 comprises a hollow inner cavity and is open at least at the distal end thereof, and the inner wall of the support tube 47 is recessed to form a slide groove 470 extending in the axial direction; the connecting tube 48 is received in the hollow cavity of the supporting tube 47, and the outer circumference thereof is protruded radially outward to form a protruding column 480, and the protruding column 480 is slidably fitted in the sliding groove 470. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the support tube 47 and the connecting tube 48 may be connected in an anti-rotationally axially slidable manner in other ways. For example, the inner wall of the support tube 47 may be formed as a polygonal inner wall, and correspondingly, the outer wall of the connection tube 48 may be formed as a polygonal outer wall, and both of the axial sliding and the relative rotation may be prevented by the shape-fitting of the polygonal inner wall of the support tube 47 and the polygonal outer wall of the connection tube 48.

In this embodiment, the guide shaft 41 and the connection pipe 48 are preferably rotatably connected by the following structure: the connection tube 48 has a hollow cylindrical shape with both ends open, and a bearing 49 is disposed between an inner peripheral wall of a distal end thereof and an outer peripheral wall of a proximal end of the guide shaft 41. Specifically, the outer circumferential surface of the bearing 49 is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the connection pipe 48, and the inner circumferential surface of the bearing 49 is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the guide shaft 41, so that the guide shaft 41 is rotatable with respect to the connection pipe 48. To prevent the bearing 49 from translating in the axial direction, preferably, the distal end of the bearing 49 abuts against the proximal end of the abutment ring 46 of the guide shaft 41. It is also preferable that a rubber ring 410 abutting against the proximal end of the bearing 49 is further embedded in the outer periphery of the guide shaft 41. Preferably, two axially abutting bearings 49 are arranged between the connection tube 48 and the guide shaft 41.

In this embodiment, the shifter 60 is a lead screw motor. An inner peripheral wall of a proximal end of the connection tube 48 is formed with an annular flange 481 protruding radially inward, and an inner peripheral wall of the flange 481 is formed with an internal thread for engaging with the screw 61 of the lead screw motor. The length of the screw 61 is greater than the length of the internal thread of the flange 481. Preferably, the guide shaft 41 is recessed from a proximal end thereof to form a first relief hole 411 extending in the axial direction, and the screw 61 is inserted into the first relief hole 411. When the shifter 60 is operated, the screw 61 is rotated, and the screw 61 drives the connecting tube 48 to move axially in the support tube 47, thereby driving the guide shaft 41 and the gears thereon to move axially. The design of the first avoiding hole 411 not only makes the overall volume of the driving device 20 smaller, but also ensures smooth translation of the guide shaft 41 over a longer axial range.

In this embodiment, the power source 80 is a motor. The rotating shaft 81 of the motor is a polygonal shaft, such as a square shaft. The distal end of the guide shaft 41 is formed with a polygonal hole 412, such as a square hole, which is form-fitted with the rotating shaft 81 of the motor. By the shape fit of the polygonal rotating shaft 81 of the motor and the polygonal hole 412 of the guiding shaft 41, not only can the torque of the rotating shaft 81 of the motor be transmitted to the guiding shaft 41 to drive the guiding shaft 41 to rotate (the aforementioned bearing 49 between the guiding shaft 41 and the connecting pipe 48 ensures that the guiding shaft 41 can rotate relative to the connecting pipe 48), but also the guiding shaft 41 can be allowed to translate relative to the rotating shaft 81 of the motor under the driving of the shifter 60. Also preferably, a second relief hole 413 is further formed in the guide shaft 41. The distal end of the second avoiding hole 413 communicates with the polygonal hole 412 for receiving the rotating shaft 81 of the motor. More preferably, the proximal end of the second avoidance hole 413 communicates with the first avoidance hole 411. Similarly, the design of the second avoiding hole 413 not only makes the overall volume of the driving device 20 smaller, but also ensures smooth translation of the guide shaft 41 in a longer axial range.

When it is desired to switch the shift state of the biopsy needle 10, the shifter 60 is controlled such that the guide shaft 41 is translated in the axial direction such that the driving member thereon engages with the corresponding driven member of the biopsy needle 10; the power source 80 is then activated to rotate the guide shaft 41, which in turn drives the driving member thereon to rotate the corresponding driven member of the biopsy needle 10, so that the biopsy needle 10 enters its corresponding gear state.

Specifically, for example, when a shift to the outer-cutter rotation state is required, the control shifter 60 drives the rotary driving member 42 to translate into engagement with the outer-cutter rotation follower 320 of the biopsy needle 10, and then rotates the outer cutter 30 using the power provided by the power source 80. When it is necessary to shift to the constant-speed rotation state, the control shifter 60 drives the rotary driving member 42 to translate into engagement with the inner-cutter rotation follower 520 of the biopsy needle 10, the constant-speed rotation driving member 44 engages with the constant-speed rotation follower 531, and then the inner cutter tube 50 is rotated only by the power provided by the power source 80. When it is desired to shift to the differential rotation state, the control shifter 60 drives the rotary driving member 42 to translate into engagement with the inner knife tube rotary follower 520 of the biopsy needle 10, the differential rotary driving member 43 engages with the differential rotary follower 530, and then the inner knife tube 50 is both rotated and translated using the power provided by the power source 80. After the gear is shifted to the differential rotation state, the gear can be shifted to the constant speed rotation state, so that the process of injecting the medicine is performed.

It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the axial movement of the guide shaft 41 and the driving member thereon may be achieved in other manners.

For example, in some embodiments, the displacer may be a pneumatic/hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic rod of the cylinder/hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the near end of the connecting pipe 48. In this way, the guide shaft 41 can be translated and the guide shaft 41 can be rotated by the power source 80, in conjunction with the structure of the bearing 49 between the connecting pipe 48 and the guide shaft 41.

In some embodiments, the displacer may also be an electromagnet. Accordingly, a magnet may be fixed to the connection pipe 48 to attract or repel the electromagnet, thereby translating the guide shaft 41.

In some embodiments, the support tube 47, the connection tube 48, and the bearing 49 between the connection tube 48 and the guide shaft 41 may not be provided, but a displacement device such as a telescopic tube of an air cylinder may be directly hinged, for example, ball-hinged, to the proximal end of the guide shaft 41, and the translation of the guide shaft 41 may also be achieved while ensuring that the guide shaft 41 can rotate under the driving of the power source 80.

In some embodiments, the plurality of driving members on the guide shaft may also be sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the guide shaft in a slidable connection manner without being fixed on the guide shaft, and each driving member may rotate together with the guide shaft. In this case, the guide shaft is fixedly disposed. The shifter may be an electromagnet, and accordingly, magnets may be provided on the plurality of driving members such that each driving member slides along the guide shaft by the electromagnet. The power source outputs rotary power to the guide shafts of the driving members at different positions, and the guide shafts rotate to drive the driving members to rotate together, so that the driven members of the biopsy needle 10 are controlled to rotate, and further the biopsy needle is switched to a corresponding gear state.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above listed embodiments, any person skilled in the art can obviously obtain simple changes or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biopsy needle for connection with and drivable by a drive means, the biopsy needle comprising an outer cutter tube and an inner cutter tube slidably arranged within the outer cutter tube, characterized in that the biopsy needle is drivable by the drive means to switch to a differential rotation state or a constant rotation state; when the biopsy needle is in the differential rotation state, the inner knife tube rotates and translates relative to the outer knife tube; when the biopsy needle is in the constant-speed rotation state, the inner knife tube only rotates relative to the outer knife tube.

2. The biopsy needle of claim 1, further comprising an inner knife tube rotational follower disposed outside the inner knife tube, the inner knife tube being axially slidably disposed within the inner knife tube rotational follower and rotatable with the inner knife tube rotational follower, and the inner knife tube rotational follower being driven to rotate by the drive device when the biopsy needle is in the differential rotational state or the constant rotational state.

3. The biopsy needle of claim 2, further comprising a constant velocity rotational follower disposed about the inner blade tube; when the inner knife tube rotating driven piece and the constant-speed rotating driven piece are driven by the driving device to rotate at the same speed so as to drive the inner knife tube to rotate only relative to the outer knife tube, the biopsy needle is in the constant-speed rotating state.

4. The biopsy needle of claim 3, further comprising a differential rotational follower disposed about the inner blade tube, wherein the biopsy needle is in the differential rotational state when the inner blade tube rotational follower and the differential rotational follower are both driven by the driving device to rotate at different speeds to drive the inner blade tube to both rotate and translate relative to the outer blade tube.

5. The biopsy needle of claim 4, further comprising a connecting shaft integrally or fixedly disposed outside the inner blade tube, the connecting shaft comprising a first section and a second section distributed along the axial direction, the biopsy needle further comprising a first sleeve disposed outside the first section of the connecting shaft, the first section of the connecting shaft being axially slidably disposed within the first sleeve and rotatable with the rotation of the first sleeve, the inner blade tube rotation follower being fixedly disposed on the outer circumference of the first sleeve.

6. The biopsy needle of claim 5, further comprising a second sleeve disposed over the second section of the connecting shaft, the second sleeve threadably engaging the second section of the connecting shaft, the differential rotational follower and the constant rotational follower each disposed fixedly about an outer periphery of the second sleeve.

7. The biopsy needle of claim 6, wherein the second sleeve is disposed about an outer circumference of the first sleeve, the inner cannula rotational follower is disposed at an end of the first sleeve, the differential rotational follower is disposed at an end of the second sleeve, and the differential rotational follower is disposed adjacent to the inner cannula rotational follower.

8. The biopsy needle of claim 5, wherein an outer wall of the first section of the connecting shaft is formed with a boss or a groove, and an inner wall of the first sleeve is formed with a groove or a boss, the boss being axially slidably fitted within the groove.

9. The biopsy needle of claim 6, wherein the second sleeve is threadably engaged with the second section of the connecting shaft using one of the group of:

10. The biopsy needle of claim 9, wherein a thread pitch of the external thread groove is equal or variable such that the inner cutter tube is translatable at a constant or variable speed in the differential rotational state.

11. The biopsy needle of claim 1, wherein the outer knife tube has a cutting window and an outer knife tube rotation follower is fixedly secured to an outer peripheral surface of the outer knife tube, the biopsy needle is further switchable to an outer knife tube rotation state by the driving means driving the outer knife tube rotation follower, and the biopsy needle is in the outer knife tube rotation state when the outer knife tube is rotated about an axis thereof to adjust a sampling direction of the cutting window.

12. A biopsy device, comprising a biopsy needle according to any of claims 1-11, and a drive device for driving the biopsy needle to switch at least to the differential rotational state or the isokinetic rotational state.

13. The biopsy device of claim 12, wherein the driving device comprises a driving assembly, and a shifter and a power source respectively connected to two ends of the driving assembly, wherein the shifter is configured to drive the driving assembly to slide axially so that the driving assembly can output power at different positions, the power source is configured to drive the driving assembly to rotate, and the driving assembly is configured to drive the biopsy needle to switch to a differential rotation state, a constant rotation state or an outer knife rotation state.

14. The biopsy device of claim 13, wherein the drive assembly comprises a guide shaft, and a rotary driving member, a differential rotary driving member, and a constant velocity rotary driving member fixedly secured about a periphery of the guide shaft; when the rotary driving part drives the inner cutter tube rotary driven part to rotate and the differential rotary driving part drives the differential rotary driven part to rotate, the biopsy needle is in the differential rotation state; when the rotary driving part drives the inner cutter tube rotary driven part to rotate and the constant-speed rotary driving part drives the constant-speed rotary driven part to rotate, the biopsy needle is in the constant-speed rotary state; when the rotary driving piece drives the outer knife tube rotary driven piece to rotate, the biopsy needle is in the outer knife tube rotating state.

15. The biopsy device of claim 14, wherein the rotary drive member, the differential rotary drive member, the constant velocity rotary drive member, the outer blade tube rotary driven member, the inner blade tube rotary driven member, the differential rotary driven member, and the constant velocity rotary driven member are all gears; the number of teeth of the rotary driving part is equal to that of the outer cutter tube rotary driven part/inner cutter tube rotary driven part, and the transmission ratio is 1: 1; the constant-speed rotating driving part and the constant-speed rotating driven part have the same number of teeth and the transmission ratio is 1: 1; the number of teeth of the differential speed rotation driving part and the number of teeth of the differential speed rotation driven part are different, and the transmission ratio is not equal to 1.