CN211527427U

CN211527427U - Device for measuring ship compass error by using sun true azimuth

Info

Publication number: CN211527427U
Application number: CN202020018449.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 戴鸿飞
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-01-06
Filing date: 2020-01-06
Publication date: 2020-09-18
Anticipated expiration: 2030-01-06

Abstract

The utility model relates to a navigation equipment field discloses an utilize device of true position survey boats and ships compass error of sun, and the device includes the compass, aims to chi, sundial and position box, aims to the chi and goes up the central line mark and have the line of sight. The compass can be detached into the azimuth box and horizontally rotated with respect to the azimuth box. The sighting direction ruler can be detached to the compass and can be fixed relative to the compass or can rotate horizontally, a dial base is mounted at one end, and a dial can be inserted into the dial base and connected with the dial base. The utility model discloses a square position box, built-in compass, aim to chi and sundial, through the boats and ships head and the tail baseline of marking, will aim at to chi and directional needle, sundial, line of sight and connect, fixed good scale, the compass that rotates can be with the projection of sundial on the line of sight to obtain boats and ships course compass error, solved the ship driver and observed the limited problem in sun position, have small simultaneously, deposit convenient to carry's characteristics, be applicable to different model compasses.

Description

Device for measuring ship compass error by using sun true azimuth

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a navigation equipment field especially relates to an utilize device of true position survey boats and ships compass error of sun.

Background

The ship is magnetized by the earth magnetic field and has magnetism due to the characteristics of the steel material and the hull structure of the ship, so that the ship magnetic compass is influenced, and the pointing direction of the magnetic compass generates errors. The compass is one of the main navigation instruments of the ship, and how to accurately determine and eliminate the error is of great importance to the safe navigation of the ship. The most common method for large ships with gyrocompass is to find the magnetic compass error by comparing the gyrocompass with the magnetic compass, but the gyrocompass itself needs calibration when inputting the initial course and compares the two compass routes at the time of ship sailing.

Small vessels usually do not have gyroscopic compasses, and some vessels have only one steering compass installed in the cab. The compass error is generally measured by observing the true azimuth of the sun by using the solar azimuth circle, but the solar azimuth circle is used in a cab or on a compass deck, so that the space is limited, and the observation visual field is limited. For example, masts, chimneys, signal lights, etc. alongside a standard compass block many viewing angles. In the cab, because the sun is difficult to observe in a closed room, even if the front and the transverse positions with the widest visual field are shielded by the influence of structures, the visual angle is not small, in addition, glass can also cause object deformation and sunlight refraction, and the water-surrounding plate in front of the cab window also greatly reduces the observation elevation angle, so that the sun is difficult to be detected in other time except when the height of the sun is lower, namely when the sun rises and falls. The true solar azimuth is determined by the solar azimuth circle widely used at present to calculate the compass error. When the solar azimuth circle is used, the solar azimuth circle needs to be tightly sleeved on the compass in a sewing way, and as the sizes of the two compass on the ship are not necessarily matched, a plurality of sets of the solar azimuth circle possibly need to be equipped, so that the solar azimuth circle occupies space and is high in cost.

The utility model discloses to the limited characteristics in field of vision when surveing the sun position and design, when being sheltered from by the observation object thing mark, can shift outdoor or do not have the place of sheltering from and measure, measure behind the compass translation in other words, solved the unfavorable condition when surveing the sun position, it is high to survey the precision, does not receive compass model size restriction, has very high portability and practicality.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a to the device that utilizes the true position of sun to carry out boats and ships compass error measurement to the navigation instrument that provides the course for boats and ships navigation, the field of vision is limited when aiming at solving not having the small-size boats and ships navigation in-process of top compass to survey the sun position, and the sun azimuth circle of wide use matches and many sets of outfit with the compass size, and inconvenient taking, technical problem with high costs.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

a device for measuring compass errors of a ship by utilizing a true sun azimuth comprises an azimuth box, a compass, an aiming ruler, a sundial base and a fixed screw, wherein the azimuth box, the compass, the aiming ruler and the sundial are all detachable, a sighting line is marked on the aiming ruler and is positioned at the position of a longitudinal central line of the aiming ruler, the compass can be detached into the azimuth box for fixing, the compass can freely rotate in the horizontal direction relative to the azimuth box, the aiming ruler can be detached onto the compass, the aiming ruler is a strip-shaped long ruler with a concave middle part and flush two end arms, two ends of the aiming ruler are provided with triangular pointers and can be fixed or horizontally rotate relative to the compass, a tail end hole of the aiming ruler is provided with a detachable sundial base, the sundial can be inserted into the sundial base and is fixedly connected with the aiming ruler, the azimuth box is a square body, the bottom in the azimuth box is provided with a compass base, and the compass is a 130-type standard compass. The device is well installed, the sighting ruler is rotated, the sighting ruler, the sundial and the sighting line are integrated, the sighting ruler is enabled to fix scales, and the sundial can be projected on the sighting line by rotating the compass. The compass is installed in the azimuth box without disassembly in normal times.

Furthermore, the azimuth box is divided into an upper box cover and a lower box cover, one side of the two box covers is hinged and connected and cannot be detached, the other side of the two box covers can be locked by a lock catch after being closed, scale marks for indicating azimuth are carved on the azimuth box, and a compass base is arranged at the inner bottom of the azimuth box.

Furthermore, the upper surface and the lower surface of the azimuth box are square, so that the ship head-tail base lines can be conveniently aligned, and the azimuth box can be attached to the longitudinal and transverse bulkheads of the ship when used outdoors, such as the bulkheads of upper buildings, railings and the like, so that the head-tail base lines can be conveniently and quickly aligned.

Furthermore, the lower part of the compass is connected with a compass base bearing arranged at the bottom in the azimuth box.

Furthermore, the center of the upper part of the compass is provided with a fixing nut, the fixing nut is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread of the fixing screw, the center of the aiming ruler is provided with a hole, the compass can be connected with the aiming ruler through a screw rod which penetrates through the center hole of the aiming ruler through a fixed fixing screw rod, the aiming ruler can freely rotate relative to the horizontal direction of the compass when the fixing screw rod is not screwed, the aiming ruler can be fixed with the compass when the fixing screw rod is screwed, and the aiming ruler synchronously horizontally rotates relative to the azimuth box.

Furthermore, fix the compass in the azimuth box with aiming at the chi, the compass can free horizontal rotation, aim at the chi and also horizontal rotation, aim at the chi through adjusting screw simultaneously and can fix on the compass, rotate along with the compass.

Furthermore, a hole is formed in one tail end of the sundial, a sundial base is installed, the sundial is placed at one end of the sighting ruler, the projection length is increased, and the accuracy of reading the solar inverted azimuth in a projection mode is improved.

Further, the box is extended inwards, transversely and longitudinally to be provided with grooves under the azimuth box, and a horizontal bubble ruler can be arranged inside, so that the observation accuracy is prevented from being influenced by inclination when the azimuth box is used.

Furthermore, a shadow pin clamping groove is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the upper box cover of the azimuth box and used for placing a shadow pin.

Further, a base for placing the shadow dial is arranged at a free position in the azimuth box.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: use this novel device of this use, to the limited problem of field of vision when observing the sun position, can be in wide unobstructed department observe the true position of certain constantly sun to obtain boats and ships course and ask for the compass error, easy operation is convenient, not restricted by the condition, effectively solved all sorts of disadvantages of boats and ships driver when observing the sun position, have simultaneously small, deposit convenient to carry's characteristics, and to different models, not unidimensional compass all can use, the suitability is high. The solar azimuth circle used in the prior art is made of higher materials and is manufactured at higher cost. The sizes of two types of compass on a common ship are not necessarily matched, so that a plurality of sets of solar azimuth rings may be required to be equipped, the occupied space is large, and the cost is high. The utility model discloses small and exquisite portable, the suitability is high, simple structure, convenient operation, the cost is low, economical and practical.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the azimuth box of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an open top view of the azimuth box of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-orientation box; 2-a compass; 3-aiming at the ruler; 4-a dial needle; 5, a shadow dial base; 6-a clamping groove of a shadow dial; 7-horizontal bubble ruler; 21-fixing a nut; 22-compass base; 31-line of sight; 32-fixing the screw.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the described. The specific implementation method comprises the following steps:

according to the description of fig. 1-4:

the utility model provides an utilize device of true position of sun survey boats and ships compass error, includes azimuth box 1, compass 2, aims at chi 3, shadow dial 4, shadow dial base 5 and set screw 32. The compass 2 is a standard compass of type 130. A sight line 31 is marked on the sighting ruler 3, and the sight line 31 is located at the long-direction middle line position of the sighting ruler 3. Compass 2 can be dismantled and fix in the position box 1, can carry out horizontal direction free rotation in for position box 1, aim at to chi 3 can dismantle the compass on, aim at to chi 3 for the middle sunken, the long chi of bar that both ends arm flushed, both ends have the triangle-shaped pointer, compass 2 upper portion center is equipped with fixation nut 21, fixation nut 21 be equipped with fixation screw 32 external screw thread assorted internal thread. The hole is arranged at the center depression of the aiming ruler 3, the compass 2 and the aiming ruler 3 can penetrate through a central hole screw rod of the aiming ruler 3 through a fixing screw rod 32 to be connected, the aiming ruler 3 can freely rotate relative to the horizontal direction of the compass 2 when the fixing screw rod 32 is not screwed, and the aiming ruler 3 can be fixed with the compass 2 and synchronously horizontally rotate when the fixing screw rod 32 is screwed. A hole is formed in one tail end of the sighting ruler 3, a detachable shadow dial base 5 is installed, and the shadow dial 4 can be inserted into the shadow dial base 5 and fixedly connected with the sighting ruler 3.

The azimuth box 1 is a cube, the azimuth box 1 is divided into an upper box cover and a lower box cover, one side of the two box covers is hinged and connected and cannot be detached, the other side of the two box covers can be closed and locked by a lock catch, a compass base 22 is arranged at the bottom in the azimuth box 1, and the lower part of the compass 2 is in bearing connection with the compass base 22. A shadow dial clamping groove 6 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the upper box cover of the azimuth box 1 and can be used for fixedly storing the shadow dial 4. The azimuth box 1 is marked with scale lines for indicating azimuth. The azimuth box 1 is internally provided with a horizontal bubble ruler to ensure that the horizontal detection reduces errors. The shadow dial base 5 can be placed in a vacant position in the azimuth box 1. The lower box of the azimuth box 1 is internally provided with a groove along the inner direction, the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction, and a horizontal bubble ruler 7 is arranged in the groove.

The working principle is as follows:

1. the azimuth box 1 is opened, and the compass 2 is normally installed in the azimuth box 1 through the compass base 22 and is not detached. The fixing screw 32 penetrates through a center hole of the sighting direction ruler 3 and is screwed into the fixing nut 21 on the compass 2, the sighting direction ruler 3 is not screwed, the sighting direction ruler 3 can rotate horizontally relative to the compass 2, the sundial base 5 is taken out of the azimuth box 1 and is installed at a hole in the tail end of the sighting direction ruler 3, the sundial 4 is taken out of the sundial card eraser 6 in the azimuth box 1 and is inserted into the sundial base 5, and the sundial is installed on the sighting direction ruler 3.

2. Firstly, the real sun azimuth in a certain period is found through the 'sun azimuth table' and recorded (for example, 0800-0830), the aiming ruler 3 with the sundial 3 end is adjusted to the scale direction corresponding to the compass 2, if the real sun azimuth in 0800 is 105 degrees through table lookup, the pointer is adjusted to 105 degrees of the compass 2, and the aiming ruler 31 and the compass 2 are fixed together by screwing the fixing screw 32.

3. Then, the head-tail base line (0 degree) of the ship is aligned, the azimuth box 1 is parallel to the head-tail base line, and in practical use, the base line can be aligned only by sticking one side of the azimuth box 1 to the cabin wall of a cab under normal conditions. The horizontal bubble ruler 7 is arranged in the lower box of the position box 1, and the level of the position box is adjusted.

4. And rotating the compass 1 to enable the shadow dial 4 to be aligned to the sun, and when the projection of the shadow dial 4 is overlapped with the aiming line 31 in the aiming ruler 3, the reading on the compass 2 corresponding to the bow baseline (0 degree) on the azimuth box 1 is the true heading of the ship.

5. After the true course of the ship is read, the true course of the ship is compared with the course of a magnetic compass or an electric compass of the ship, the error is calculated, and the course and the direction are accurately corrected.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the position or positional relationship based on the position or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the position or positional relationship which the products of the present invention are usually placed in when they are used, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element to which it refers must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected. Either mechanically or electrically. They may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for measuring compass errors of a ship by utilizing a true sun azimuth is characterized by comprising an azimuth box (1), a compass (2), an aiming ruler (3), a sundial (4), a sundial base (5) and a fixing screw (32), wherein a sighting line (31) is marked on the aiming ruler (3), the sighting line (31) is located at the position of the long central line of the aiming ruler (3), the compass (2) can be disassembled into the azimuth box (1) for fixing, the compass (2) can freely rotate in the horizontal direction relative to the azimuth box (1), the aiming ruler (3) can be disassembled into the compass, the aiming ruler (3) is a strip-shaped long ruler with a concave middle part and flush arms at two ends, the two ends are provided with triangular pointers and can be fixed or horizontally rotate relative to the compass (2), a hole is formed in one tail end of the aiming ruler (3), the sundial base (5) is disassembled, the shadow dial (4) can be inserted into the shadow dial base (5) and fixedly connected with the sighting ruler (3), the azimuth box (1) is a cube, a compass base (22) is arranged at the bottom in the azimuth box (1), and the compass (2) is a 130-type standard compass.

2. The device for measuring the compass error of the ship by using the true sun direction as claimed in claim 1, wherein the azimuth box (1) is divided into an upper box cover and a lower box cover, one side of the two box covers is hinged and connected and cannot be separated, the other side of the two box covers can be closed and locked by a lock catch, and the azimuth box (1) is marked with scale marks for indicating the azimuth.

3. The device for measuring the compass error of a ship by using the true sun azimuth according to claim 1, wherein the lower part of the compass (2) is connected with the compass base (22) in a bearing mode.

4. The device for measuring the compass error of the ship by using the true solar azimuth according to claim 1, wherein the compass (2) is provided with a fixing nut (21) at the center of the upper part, the fixing nut (21) is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread of the fixing screw (32), the aiming ruler (3) is provided with a hole at the central depression, the compass (2) can be connected with the aiming ruler (3) through a screw rod of the fixing screw (32) penetrating through the central hole of the aiming ruler (3), the aiming ruler (3) can freely rotate relative to the horizontal direction of the compass (2) when the fixing screw (32) is not screwed, and the aiming ruler (3) can be fixed with the compass (2) when the fixing screw (32) is screwed and can synchronously rotate horizontally relative to the azimuth box (1).

5. The device for measuring the compass error of the ship by utilizing the true sun direction as claimed in claim 2, wherein a shadow-pin clamping groove (6) is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the upper box cover of the azimuth box (1) and can fixedly store the shadow-pin (4).

6. The device for measuring the compass error of the ship by using the true sun position according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the lower box of the azimuth box (1) is provided with grooves extending inwards, transversely and longitudinally, and a horizontal bubble ruler (7) is arranged inside.

7. The device for measuring compass error of a ship by using the true solar orientation according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that a shadow pin base (5) is placed in a vacant place in the orientation box (1).