CN211497297U - MBR integration sewage treatment device is united to modified AAO - Google Patents

MBR integration sewage treatment device is united to modified AAO Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN211497297U
CN211497297U CN201921886667.0U CN201921886667U CN211497297U CN 211497297 U CN211497297 U CN 211497297U CN 201921886667 U CN201921886667 U CN 201921886667U CN 211497297 U CN211497297 U CN 211497297U
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
tank
sewage treatment
water
stage
primary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201921886667.0U
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘涛
施怀荣
刘沛
孟令寒
孙丰营
王晨曦
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beijing Bangyuan Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Original Assignee
Beijing Bangyuan Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing Bangyuan Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd filed Critical Beijing Bangyuan Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN201921886667.0U priority Critical patent/CN211497297U/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN211497297U publication Critical patent/CN211497297U/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model provides an improved AAO combined MBR integrated sewage treatment device, which has a cuboid structure in appearance and is internally provided with a plurality of reaction tanks, wherein a self-cleaning filter, a primary anaerobic tank, a primary anoxic tank, a primary aerobic tank, a secondary anoxic tank, a secondary aerobic tank, an MBR biological membrane tank and a clean water tank are sequentially arranged along the water inlet direction, a water body sequentially enters each component for filtering, reacting and purifying, and two adjacent reaction tanks are communicated through an inter-tank drainage tube; a water inlet pipe is arranged on the left side of the sewage treatment equipment and is connected with an inlet of the self-cleaning filter; the sewage treatment device right side is provided with the outlet pipe, all is provided with filler or membrane module in each reaction tank, process the utility model discloses sewage treatment device's processing, organic matters such as aquatic ammonia nitrogen obtain very big reduction, and phosphorus, nitrogen level can reduce the environmental protection requirement, have optimized water quality of water.

Description

MBR integration sewage treatment device is united to modified AAO
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the sewage treatment field especially relates to a synthesize sewage treatment field that physical treatment, chemical treatment and biological treatment combine.
Background
With the continuous expansion of the scale and quantity of cities, the conditions of water resource shortage and water pollution are increasingly serious, and more domestic sewage and more industrial wastewater are generated. In remote areas such as towns and the like, the discharged sewage and wastewater have great pollution to the environment due to the factors of imperfect drainage systems, complex sewage treatment facilities, difficult implementation and the like. In recent years, sewage treatment equipment tends to be miniaturized, and integrated equipment is produced. At present, most sewage treatment equipment adopts various treatment modes such as physical treatment, chemical treatment, biological treatment and the like. Especially, the AAO treatment process is applied more, the AAO method is also called A2O method, is short for the first letter of Anaerobic-aerobic-Oxic (Anaerobic-Anoxic-aerobic method), is a common sewage treatment process, can be used for secondary sewage treatment or tertiary sewage treatment and reclaimed water reuse, and has good denitrification and dephosphorization effects. However, as can be seen from the operation condition of the sewage treatment station adopting the traditional AAO process at present, the effluent quality is unstable, and good synchronous nitrogen and phosphorus removal effects are difficult to achieve.
The reasons for these problems with the AAO process are: multifunctional bacteria exist in a unified sludge system, and basic conditions for various bacteria to live are greatly different. This difference creates an under-supply of the system for optimal needs of different bacteria, and thus each bacteria compete for survival for co-construction and food materials, and this competition just constitutes an inherent deficiency of the conventional AAO process system. Now more, the AAO process is combined with other processes, and an MBR (Membrane Bio-Reactor) Reactor is a novel Reactor which is formed in recent years, but the requirement on water inlet is high, and a lot of sewage cannot be directly used by the MBR.
The utility model designs and develops an integrated sewage treatment device which is used by matching an improved AAO process with an MBR process, and has a more common A/O process and A in the aspects of purifying water quality, removing pollutants and the like2The effect of the/O process equipment and the MBR equipment is better.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model mainly provides an improved AAO combined MBR integrated sewage treatment device. The device can be used for rural decentralized sewage treatment, collection and treatment of centralized town sewage, and has the functions of strong mobility, small floor area, good treatment effect and the like.
The utility model discloses a MBR integration sewage treatment device is united to modified AAO, the device outward appearance is the cuboid structure, and its inside is provided with a plurality of reaction tanks, sets gradually self-cleaning filter, one-level anaerobism groove, one-level oxygen deficiency groove, one-level good oxygen groove, second grade oxygen deficiency groove, second grade good oxygen groove, MBR biomembrane groove and clean water basin on the direction of intaking, and the water gets into above-mentioned each part in proper order and filters and react and purify, through the drainage tube intercommunication between the groove between two adjacent reaction tanks. A water inlet pipe is arranged on the left side of the sewage treatment equipment and is connected with an inlet of the self-cleaning filter; the right side of the sewage treatment equipment is provided with a water outlet pipe, and each reaction tank body is internally provided with a filler or a membrane component.
Furthermore, a water inlet pipe is arranged on the left side of the sewage treatment equipment, a combined type film-hanging filler I is arranged in the primary anaerobic tank, and sewage enters the anaerobic tank through a water inlet drainage pipe after passing through a self-cleaning filter from the water inlet pipe to perform anaerobic reaction. The filler is hung on a matching frame arranged in the first-stage anaerobic tank. The sewage enters the primary anaerobic tank through the water inlet drainage tube after passing through the self-cleaning filter from the water inlet tube, organic matters are decomposed under the action of anaerobic bacteria in an anaerobic environment to generate organic acid, and the organic acid is decomposed into carbon dioxide, methane, hydrogen and the like under the action of methane bacteria.
Furthermore, a combined type film-hanging filler II, a submersible stirrer I, a sludge reflux pump I, a micropore aeration system I and a sludge reflux pipeline I are arranged in the primary anoxic tank, and one end of the installed sludge reflux pipeline I is communicated with the primary anaerobic tank, so that activated sludge generated in the primary anoxic tank returns to the primary anaerobic tank.
Furthermore, a combined type film-hanging filler III, a sludge reflux pump II and a micropore aeration system II are placed in the primary aerobic tank, and a sludge reflux pipeline II is arranged in the primary anoxic tank and connected with the interior of the primary anoxic tank, so that the sludge-water mixture returns to the primary anoxic tank again for reaction. The dissolved oxygen of water is increased by the early anaerobic treatment and the aerobic environment in the tank body. And pumping the sludge-water mixture generated after the reaction is operated for a period of time to a first-stage anoxic tank by a sludge reflux pump II for circular treatment.
Furthermore, the same combined type membrane-hanging filler four, the same combined type microporous aeration system three and the same submersible stirrer two are placed in the second-stage anoxic tank, the combined type membrane-hanging filler five and the same combined type microporous aeration system four are placed in the second-stage aerobic bin, the muddy water reflux pump three, the same combined type microporous aeration system five and the same combined type membrane-hanging filler four are arranged in the MBR biological membrane tank, the muddy water reflux pump three and the same combined type microporous aeration system five are arranged in the MBR biological membrane tank, and the muddy water reflux pump three in the membrane tank is.
Furthermore, MBR biological membrane tank is established ties to second grade good oxygen groove rear, keeps apart the harmful impurity in the raw water, gets into the clean water basin behind the collector pipe, and the outlet pipe sets up on the clean water basin right side.
Furthermore, a sub-cylinder is arranged above the clean water tank, and pipeline conveying gas is respectively introduced into the tank provided with the aeration system.
Further, the appearance of the whole device is of a box type, the one-level anaerobic tank, the one-level anoxic tank, the one-level aerobic tank, the two-level anoxic tank, the two-level aerobic tank, the MBR biological membrane tank and the clean water tank form a serial connection mode, the inside of the device adopts a partition plate type structure, the external box body is made of anti-corrosion carbon steel, and the whole volume reaches 500m3The volume can be adjusted according to the actual sewage treatment amount. A transverse clapboard is arranged on the clean water tank,and (3) placing the gas distributing cylinders, conveying the gas generated by the gas distributing cylinders to the groove bodies with the aeration devices through pipelines, and adopting the PVC material for the pipelines.
Furthermore, the water inlet drainage tube and the inter-groove drainage tube are made of PVC materials.
Furthermore, each combined type film-hanging filler, a submersible mixer, a sludge reflux pump and a micropore aeration system which are used in the tank body in the sewage treatment equipment can be the same equipment.
The utility model discloses a sewage treatment device has following advantage:
1. the original AAO equipment is improved, the treatment of a secondary anoxic tank and an aerobic tank is added, organic matters and biological waste materials in sewage can be fully decomposed, and nitrogen and phosphorus substances in a water body are fully removed and decomposed.
2. The AAO and the MBR are used in a combined mode, the improved AAO process can be used for repeated pretreatment, the obtained treated sewage has small damage to an MBR membrane module, the filtering effect of the MBR can be fully exerted, and the service life of the MBR can be prolonged.
3. Anaerobic tank, oxygen deficiency groove have all adopted the mud backward flow among the modified AAO treatment facility, through long-term groping, adopt the mode of multislot backward flow to carry out the circulation of mud and handle, can guarantee the microorganism environment of anaerobic tank and oxygen deficiency inslot portion, have guaranteed biological treatment's efficiency.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sewage treatment apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment relates to an improved AAO combined MBR integrated sewage treatment device, the appearance of the device is a cuboid structure, the device is internally provided with a plurality of reaction tanks, a self-cleaning filter 2, a primary anaerobic tank 16, a primary anoxic tank 17, a primary aerobic tank 18, a secondary anoxic tank 19, a secondary aerobic tank 20, an MBR biofilm tank 21 and a clean water tank 22 are sequentially arranged along the water inlet direction, a water body sequentially enters the above components to be filtered and purified by reaction, and two adjacent reaction tanks are communicated through inter-tank drainage tubes. A water inlet pipe 1 is arranged on the left side of the sewage treatment equipment, and the water inlet pipe 1 is connected with an inlet of a self-cleaning filter 2; a water outlet pipe 12 is arranged on the right side of the sewage treatment equipment, and a filler or a membrane component is arranged in each reaction tank body. The left side of the sewage treatment equipment is provided with a water inlet pipe 1, a combined type biofilm culturing filler I4 is arranged in a primary anaerobic groove 16, and sewage enters the anaerobic groove from the water inlet pipe 1 through a self-cleaning filter 2 and then enters the anaerobic groove through a water inlet drainage pipe 3 to carry out anaerobic reaction. The first combined type film-forming filler 4 is hung on a matched frame arranged in the first-stage anaerobic tank 16. The combined type film-hanging filler II, the submersible mixer I9, the sludge reflux pump I, the micropore aeration system I and the sludge reflux pipeline I13 are placed in the first-stage anoxic tank 17, the other end of the installed sludge reflux pipeline I13 is communicated with the first-stage anaerobic tank 16, so that activated sludge generated in the first-stage anoxic tank 17 returns to the first-stage anaerobic tank 16, and the sludge reflux ratio is about 3%. The combined film-forming filler II is hung on a matching frame arranged in the first-stage anoxic groove 17. And a combined type film-forming filler III, a sludge reflux pump II 10 and a micropore aeration system II are placed in the primary aerobic tank 18, and a sludge reflux pipeline II 14 arranged in the primary aerobic tank is connected with the inside of the primary anoxic tank 17, so that the mud-water mixture returns to the primary anoxic tank 17 again for reaction. And pumping the sludge-water mixture generated after the reaction is operated for a period of time to the first-stage anoxic tank 17 by the sludge reflux pump II for circulating treatment, wherein the sludge reflux ratio is about 3%. The combined type biofilm culturing device is characterized in that a second-stage anoxic tank 19 is internally provided with a combined type biofilm culturing filler IV, a micropore aeration system III and a submersible stirrer II, a second-stage aerobic chamber 20 is internally provided with a combined type biofilm culturing filler V and a micropore aeration system IV 11, a sludge-water reflux pump III, a micropore aeration system V and a membrane component 7 are arranged inside an MBR biological membrane tank 21, a sludge-water reflux pump III 10 in the membrane tank is connected with the second-stage anoxic tank 19 through a sludge reflux pipeline III (15) to carry out sludge-water reflux, and the sludge reflux ratio is about 3%. The MBR biological membrane tank 21 is connected in series behind the second-stage aerobic tank 20 to isolate harmful impurities in raw water, the harmful impurities pass through the water collecting pipe 23 and then enter the clean water tank 22, and the water outlet pipe 12 is arranged on the right side of the clean water tank 22. The air distributing cylinder 8 is arranged above the clean water tank, and pipeline conveying gas is respectively introduced into the tank provided with the aeration system.
In another embodiment, the sewage treatment device is in a box body type in appearance, the primary anaerobic tank 16, the primary anoxic tank 17, the primary aerobic tank 18, the secondary anoxic tank 19, the secondary aerobic tank 20, the MBR biological membrane tank 21 and the clean water tank 22 form a serial connection mode, the inner part adopts a partition plate type structure, the outer box body is made of anti-corrosion carbon steel, and the whole volume reaches 500m3The volume can be adjusted according to the actual sewage treatment amount. The clean water tank 22 is provided with a transverse clapboard for placing the gas-distributing cylinders, the gas generated by the gas-distributing cylinders is conveyed to each tank body with the aeration device through a pipeline, and the pipeline is also made of PVC material. The water inlet drainage tube 3 and the inter-groove drainage tube are made of PVC materials.
In another embodiment, the combined biofilm culturing filler, the submersible mixer, the sludge reflux pump and the micropore aeration system used in the tank body of the sewage treatment equipment can be the same equipment.
In the embodiment, sewage passes through the self-cleaning filter from the water inlet pipe and then enters the primary anaerobic tank through the water inlet drainage pipe, organic matters are decomposed under the action of anaerobic bacteria in an anaerobic environment to generate organic acid, and the organic acid is decomposed into carbon dioxide, methane, hydrogen and the like under the action of methane bacteria. Through multi-stage anaerobic treatment and the aerobic environment in the aerobic tank, the dissolved oxygen in water is increased. Is beneficial to the biomembrane reaction of the MBR. The method is characterized in that anaerobic and anoxic treatment is firstly carried out on raw water, the surface layer of a biological film generated by biological fillers in a tank has an adsorption effect on organic matters in a polluted water source, harmful impurities can be reduced, activated sludge aged and dropped after long-time treatment is pumped out by an external sludge suction pump, and the suction time can be determined according to the sewage treatment capacity and the sludge growth speed. When the water body passes through the primary aerobic tank, the aerobic microorganisms can oxidize and decompose organic matters adsorbed in the activated sludge, ammonia nitrogen is decomposed by using nitrosobacteria and nitrobacteria, and the nitrate in the nitrate room is converted into nitrogen under the action of the denitrifying bacteria through a secondary anoxic environment, so that the effect of removing the ammonia nitrogen is achieved. Through the alternation of one-level anaerobic/anoxic and aerobic environments and the alternation of two-level anoxic and aerobic environments, the repeated treatment of mud water backflow greatly improves the degradation efficiency, and the self digestion of the sludge to a great extent can lead the water quality to be purified to a great extent in the early stage. When the water passes through the MBR reaction tank, the tank body mainly comprises a membrane component, a pump body and an aeration system, the pressure inside and outside the membrane component is different, water molecules and mineral molecules can enter the membrane pipe, and the water is pumped out through the water collecting pipe. Because quality of water purification process is better in earlier stage, can reduce the phenomenon that mud impurity blocks up the membrane hole this moment and take place, reduce the damage of membrane spare and change, reduced the use of manpower, the treatment effect is more obvious simultaneously. The equipment is in a low organic load state in the treatment process, and the sewage treatment capacity and the treatment effect are greatly improved by integrally optimizing the equipment.
The utility model discloses MBR based on tradition is handled and has been increased A2The method has the advantages of strong mobility and flexible equipment, reduces the use of manpower, and obviously improves the purification effect and the treatment efficiency compared with the traditional method.
Finally, it should be pointed out that the above-mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limited thereto; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the practical novel embodiments.

Claims (8)

1. An improved AAO combined MBR integrated sewage treatment device is characterized in that the appearance of the device is of a cuboid structure, a plurality of reaction tanks are arranged in the device, a self-cleaning filter (2), a primary anaerobic tank (16), a primary anoxic tank (17), a primary aerobic tank (18), a secondary anoxic tank (19), a secondary aerobic tank (20), an MBR biological membrane tank (21) and a clean water tank (22) are sequentially arranged along the water inlet direction, a water body sequentially enters the above components for filtering, reaction and purification, and two adjacent reaction tanks are communicated through an inter-tank drainage tube; a water inlet pipe (1) is arranged on the left side of the sewage treatment equipment, and the water inlet pipe (1) is connected with an inlet of a self-cleaning filter (2); a water outlet pipe (12) is arranged on the right side of the sewage treatment equipment, and a filler or a membrane component is arranged in each reaction tank body.
2. The sewage treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein: a combined type film-hanging filler I (4) is arranged in the primary anaerobic tank (16), and sewage enters the anaerobic tank from the water inlet pipe (1) through the self-cleaning filter (2) and then enters the anaerobic tank through the water inlet drainage pipe (3) to carry out anaerobic reaction.
3. The sewage treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein: a combined type film-hanging filler II, a submersible mixer I (9), a sludge reflux pump I, a micropore aeration system I and a sludge reflux pipeline I (13) are placed in the first-stage anoxic tank (17), and the other end of the installed sludge reflux pipeline I (13) is communicated with the first-stage anaerobic tank (16), so that activated sludge generated in the first-stage anoxic tank (17) returns to the first-stage anaerobic tank (16).
4. The sewage treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein: and a combined type film-forming filler III, a sludge reflux pump II (10), a microporous aeration system II and a sludge reflux pipeline II (14) are placed in the primary aerobic tank (18), wherein the sludge reflux pipeline II (14) is connected with the inside of the primary anoxic tank (17), so that the mud-water mixture returns to the primary anoxic tank (17) again for reaction.
5. The sewage treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the same combined type membrane-hanging filler IV, the same combined type microporous aeration system III and the same submersible stirrer II are placed in the second-stage anoxic tank (19), the combined type membrane-hanging filler V and the combined type microporous aeration system IV (11) are placed in the second-stage aerobic tank (20), the sludge-water reflux pump III, the combined type microporous aeration system V and the membrane component (7) are arranged in the MBR biological membrane tank (21), and the sludge-water reflux pump tee in the membrane tank is connected with the second-stage anoxic tank (19) through the sludge reflux pipeline III (15) to carry out sludge-water reflux.
6. The sewage treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein: MBR biomembrane groove (21) is established ties to second grade aerobic tank (20) rear, keeps apart the harmful impurity in the former aquatic, gets into clean water basin (22) behind collector pipe (23), and outlet pipe (12) set up on clean water basin (22) right side.
7. The sewage treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: a sub-cylinder (8) is arranged above the clean water tank, and pipeline conveying gas is respectively introduced into the tank provided with the aeration system.
8. The sewage treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the appearance of the whole device is of a box type, a first-stage anaerobic tank (16), a first-stage anoxic tank (17), a first-stage aerobic tank (18), a second-stage anoxic tank (19), a second-stage aerobic tank (20), an MBR biological membrane tank (21) and a clean water tank (22) form a serial connection mode, the inside of the whole device adopts a partition plate type structure, and the external box body is made of anti-corrosion carbon steel and can adjust the volume according to the actual sewage treatment amount.
CN201921886667.0U 2019-11-05 2019-11-05 MBR integration sewage treatment device is united to modified AAO Active CN211497297U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201921886667.0U CN211497297U (en) 2019-11-05 2019-11-05 MBR integration sewage treatment device is united to modified AAO

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201921886667.0U CN211497297U (en) 2019-11-05 2019-11-05 MBR integration sewage treatment device is united to modified AAO

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN211497297U true CN211497297U (en) 2020-09-15

Family

ID=72408600

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201921886667.0U Active CN211497297U (en) 2019-11-05 2019-11-05 MBR integration sewage treatment device is united to modified AAO

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN211497297U (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110668656A (en) * 2019-11-05 2020-01-10 北京邦源环保科技股份有限公司 Improved AAO (anaerobic-anoxic-oxic) and MBR (Membrane bioreactor) integrated sewage treatment equipment and sewage treatment method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110668656A (en) * 2019-11-05 2020-01-10 北京邦源环保科技股份有限公司 Improved AAO (anaerobic-anoxic-oxic) and MBR (Membrane bioreactor) integrated sewage treatment equipment and sewage treatment method

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN203474603U (en) Sewage continuous flow A2O biochemical reaction and sludge static precipitation integrated device
CN110117134B (en) Rural domestic sewage treatment process
CN104386882B (en) A kind of ultrafiltration biofilm sewage treatment device
CN201932988U (en) Anaerobic/aerobic contact oxidation membrane bioreactor
CN104803480A (en) Multistage bioreactor and method for treating sewage with reactor
CN211497297U (en) MBR integration sewage treatment device is united to modified AAO
CN208166683U (en) A kind of gravity reflux formula integrated energy-saving sewage treatment device
CN101885553A (en) Fixed reproductive microorganism sewage purifying and treating method and device
CN203238141U (en) Sewage biological treatment membrane filtration system
CN211595374U (en) Sewage treatment equipment combining suspended biological membrane with deep filtration
CN218910039U (en) Efficient mud membrane symbiotic denitrification and dephosphorization sewage treatment system
CN203269735U (en) Equipment for treating rubbish leachate by utilizing two-stage bioreactors
CN204569547U (en) Multi-stage biological reactor
CN211546247U (en) Integrated high-ammonia-nitrogen domestic sewage treatment equipment
CN205061691U (en) Biological sewage treatment system of not sectionalized membrane
CN204474412U (en) A kind of MBR integrated sewage treating apparatus
CN110668656A (en) Improved AAO (anaerobic-anoxic-oxic) and MBR (Membrane bioreactor) integrated sewage treatment equipment and sewage treatment method
CN205328825U (en) Dispose of sewage and realize regenerating AOOC combination equipment of water
CN208361986U (en) Nitrogen and phosphorus removal bio purifies sewage treatment efficient backflow system
CN207108603U (en) A2O2Sewage disposal system
CN208361984U (en) It is a kind of for being electroplated, board wastewater processing multi-stage aeration biological filter tank
CN111977779A (en) Integrated domestic sewage treatment device convenient for cleaning sludge
CN111960616A (en) Non-concentrated liquid treatment system and method for aged landfill leachate
CN204265610U (en) A kind of ultrafiltration biofilm sewage treatment device
CN220907281U (en) PVA multiphase polymer biological filler agricultural pollution terminal equipment

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant