CN211452002U

CN211452002U - Phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat capacity

Info

Publication number: CN211452002U
Application number: CN201922443859.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈久林; 段洋; 王志雄; 刘刚
Original assignee: Suun Power Co ltd
Current assignee: Suun Power Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-30
Filing date: 2019-12-30
Publication date: 2020-09-08
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-30

Abstract

The utility model discloses a phase change heat storage device with adjustable heat capacity, which comprises a shell with an opening at the top, wherein a detachable top cover plate is arranged at the top of the shell; an upper tube plate and a lower tube plate are respectively arranged in the shell, and a plurality of vertical phase change heat storage units are arranged on the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate; the bottom of each phase change heat storage unit can be detachably arranged on the lower tube plate, and the top of each phase change heat storage unit can be detachably arranged on the upper tube plate; the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate are both provided with heat exchange fluid flow equalizing holes; the bottom of the side wall of the shell is provided with a heat exchange fluid inlet, and the top of the side wall of the shell is provided with a heat exchange fluid outlet; the utility model discloses a top apron is opened, can conveniently change phase transition heat-retaining unit, and then can add encapsulation PCM unit quantity or change the PCM kind according to the difference with thermal scene boundary condition, realizes the regulation of phase transition heat-retaining device thermal capacity, improves device application scope, but each component part modularization production, the equipment, it is convenient to change, economic investment cost reduces.

Description

Phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat capacity

[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the phase transition heat-retaining, especially, relate to a thermal capacity adjustable phase transition heat-retaining device.

[ background of the invention ]

Thermal energy is one of the most commonly used energy forms, but thermal energy consumers and supplies are often inconsistent in time and quantity, and energy storage techniques are forthcoming in this context. Thermal energy storage mainly comprises sensible heat storage and phase change storage. Sensible heat storage is based on the temperature, the mass and the specific heat capacity of materials, has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and the like, but has lower energy storage density. The phase-change heat storage device shows stronger attraction due to the advantages of compact size, high energy storage density and the like, is considered to be one of the most promising energy storage technologies at present, and is widely applied to the fields of industrial waste heat recovery, power grid peak regulation, building energy conservation and the like at present.

The phase-change heat storage device is a core device of a heat storage system, at present, the phase-change heat storage device adopts a tube type structure mostly, and the heat taking/storing process is completed by utilizing the flow of cold/hot fluid in a single tube or a plurality of tube bundles. The heat exchange tube is usually of a snake-shaped or spiral structure, so that the flow resistance of the whole heat storage device is large, the problem that the processes of manufacturing, installing, fixing and the like of the heat exchange tube are complex is also caused, and the manufacturing cost is high. The area, the heat storage capacity and the PCM number of heat exchange tubes of the heat storage device are usually designed according to specific heat source boundary conditions, so that the designed phase change heat storage device has certain rated heat storage capacity, unadjustable heat capacity and certain limitation on application range, and when the heat source parameters (temperature and flow) change greatly, the heat storage device is often redesigned.

[ Utility model ] content

The utility model aims at providing a thermal capacity adjustable phase change heat-retaining device to solve the nonadjustable problem of thermal capacity.

The utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a phase change heat storage device with adjustable heat capacity comprises a shell with an opening at the top, wherein a detachable top cover plate is arranged at the top of the shell;

an upper tube plate and a lower tube plate are respectively arranged in the shell, and a plurality of vertical phase change heat storage units are arranged on the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate; the bottom of each phase change heat storage unit can be detachably mounted on the lower tube plate, and the top of each phase change heat storage unit can be detachably mounted on the upper tube plate; the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate are both provided with heat exchange fluid flow equalizing holes;

the bottom of the side wall of the shell is provided with a heat exchange fluid inlet, and the top of the side wall of the shell is provided with a heat exchange fluid outlet.

Furthermore, a plurality of mounting grooves are uniformly arranged on the top surface of the lower tube plate at intervals, and each mounting groove is used for inserting the bottom end of the phase change heat storage unit;

a plurality of mounting through holes are formed in the upper tube plate, and each mounting through hole is used for fixing the top end of the phase change heat storage unit.

Further, the shell is internally provided with an inner container, and a sealing cover plate is detachably arranged inside the inner container and above the upper tube plate.

Furthermore, the sealing cover plate is in a circular plate shape and is detachably arranged on the inner container through a fixing device;

the fixing device is in a circular ring shape, the fixing device is welded with the liner, and threaded holes are formed in the fixing device along the circumference of the fixing device and are connected with the sealing cover plate through bolts.

Furthermore, an inner container is arranged on the inner side of the shell, and a heat insulation layer is arranged between the shell and the inner container.

Furthermore, the shell and the inner container are both tubular bodies with openings at the tops, the top cover plate is in a circular plate shape, the diameter of the top cover plate is equal to that of the shell, and the top cover plate is connected with the shell in a sealing mode.

Furthermore, a plurality of phase change heat storage units are uniformly arranged in the inner container at intervals.

Furthermore, sealing flanges are arranged between the shell and the heat exchange fluid outlet and between the shell and the heat exchange fluid inlet.

The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model can conveniently replace the phase change heat storage unit by opening the top cover plate, and further increase the number of the PCM units or change the PCM types according to the boundary conditions of different heat utilization scenes, thereby realizing the adjustment of the thermal capacity of the phase change heat storage device and improving the application range of the device; and each component of the heat storage device adopts a modular design, the production and the assembly are convenient, only the PCM unit needs to be replaced, and the requirement that one set of phase change heat storage device is suitable for various scenes is met, so that the economic investment cost is reduced.

[ description of the drawings ]

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective structural view of a phase change heat storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a fixing device for a sealing cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of a portion a of FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a phase change heat storage unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic top view of a phase change heat storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an upper tube plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic sectional view of a lower tube plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 7.

Wherein: 1. a lower tube sheet support; 2. a lower tube plate; 2-1, heat exchange fluid flow equalizing holes; 2-2, mounting grooves; 3. a phase change heat storage unit; 3-1. PCM; a PCM volume expansion zone; 5. an upper tube sheet; 6. a heat exchange fluid outlet; 7. a top cover plate; 8. sealing the cover plate; 9. a heat exchange fluid inlet; 10. a fixing device; 10-1. a threaded hole;

a PCM region; 102. a heat exchange fluid zone; 103. a housing; 104. a heat-insulating layer; 105. an inner container;

a-1, welding surface; a-2. bolt; a-3. sealing washer.

[ detailed description ] embodiments

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The embodiment of the utility model discloses heat capacity adjustable phase change heat-retaining device, as shown in fig. 1, including open-top's shell 103, the top of shell 103 is provided with detachable top apron 7.

The shell 103 is internally provided with a plurality of vertical phase change heat storage units 3, as shown in fig. 4, the phase change heat storage units 3 are PCM packaging units, the lower parts of the PCM packaging units are PCM3-1, and the upper parts of the PCM packaging units are PCM volume expansion areas 3-2. The PCM packaging unit wall material has high thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance and deformation resistance, and can be selected from metal or high-density polymerized olefin material.

The bottoms of the phase change heat storage units 3 can be detachably mounted on the lower tube plate 2, the tops of the phase change heat storage units 3 can be detachably mounted on the upper tube plate 5, and heat exchange is carried out between each phase change heat storage unit 3 and external fluid through the vertical arrangement, so that heat storage is realized. The upper tube plate 5 and the lower tube plate 2 are both connected with the shell 103, and the upper tube plate 5 and the lower tube plate 2 are both provided with heat exchange fluid flow equalizing holes 2-1; external fluid sequentially passes through the lower tube plate 2, the external space of the plurality of phase change heat storage units 3 and the upper tube plate 5 through the hot fluid flow equalizing holes 2-1. The outer part of the outer shell 103 is also provided with an inner container 105, the bottoms of the side walls of the inner container 105 and the outer shell 103 are provided with a heat exchange fluid inlet 9, and the tops of the side walls of the inner container 105 and the outer shell 103 are provided with a heat exchange fluid outlet 6. The upper tube plate 5 is fixed on a limiting angle steel welded on the upper part of the inner container 105.

In addition, a certain expansion space is reserved for the phase change heat storage unit 3, and in the embodiment, the volume of the PCM in the packaging unit should not exceed 80% of the unit volume.

The utility model can conveniently replace the phase change heat storage unit 3 by opening the top cover plate 7, and further increase the number of the PCM units to be packaged or change the PCM types according to the boundary conditions of different heat utilization scenes, thereby realizing the adjustment of the thermal capacity of the phase change heat storage device and improving the application range of the device; and each component of the heat storage device adopts a modular design, the production and the assembly are convenient, only the PCM unit needs to be replaced, and the requirement that one set of phase change heat storage device is suitable for various scenes is met, so that the economic investment cost is reduced.

Specifically, an inner container 105 is provided inside the casing 103, and an insulating layer 104 is provided between the casing 103 and the inner container 105. Through the heat preservation layer 104, the heat loss of the heat storage device is reduced, and the utilization efficiency of the heat storage device is improved. In the embodiment, the thickness of the shell 103 and the inner container 105 is 2-5 mm, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the thermal insulation material of the thermal insulation layer 104 is less than 0.05w/(m.K), the thickness is more than 50mm, and foamed polyurethane can be preferably selected.

In this embodiment, the outer casing 103 and the inner container 105 are both tubular bodies with open tops, the top cover 7 is in a circular plate shape, the diameter of the top cover 7 is equal to that of the outer casing 103, and the top cover 7 is hermetically connected with the outer casing 103.

In order to enhance the heat transfer of the heat exchange fluid more fully, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, a plurality of phase change heat storage units 3 are uniformly arranged in the housing 103 at intervals, and any two phase change heat storage units 3 have the same space, so that the heat storage and heat release of the phase change heat storage units 3 are more uniform. In fig. 5, it can be seen that there is a PCM region 101, a heat exchange fluid region 102, so that heat storage and heat release are achieved by heat exchange in both regions.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, in the present embodiment, the circular mounting groove 2-2 in the lower tube plate 2, the circular through hole in the upper tube plate 5, and the heat exchange fluid flow equalizing hole channel are all arranged according to an equilateral triangle, and are uniformly and symmetrically arranged, so that the heat exchange in the heat storage space is more uniform.

In order to facilitate the disassembly of the phase change heat storage unit 3, a plurality of mounting grooves 2-2 are uniformly arranged on the top surface of the lower pipe plate 2 at intervals, the mounting grooves are circular grooves matched with the PCM packaging unit, and each circular groove is used for inserting the bottom end of the phase change heat storage unit 3 and fixing the phase change heat storage unit in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. The upper tube plate 5 is provided with a plurality of mounting through holes, the mounting through holes are also selected from circular through holes matched with the PCM packaging units, and each mounting through hole is used for fixing the top end of the phase change heat storage unit 3. Like this, phase change heat-retaining unit 3 can carry out the fixed of position through tube sheet 2 and last tube sheet 5 down, and when needs are changed, opens top apron 7 and sealed apron 8 back, can take out phase change heat-retaining unit 3 through the installation through-hole on last tube sheet 5. In the embodiment, the number of the circular through holes of the upper tube plate 5 and the number of the mounting grooves 2-2 of the lower tube plate are both n, the number of the phase change heat storage units is m, and m is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n.

In order to prevent the heat storage device from leaking water, a sealing cover plate 8 is detachably disposed inside the inner container 105 and above the upper tube plate 5.

As a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the sealing cover plate 8 is a circular plate, and the sealing cover plate 8 is detachably mounted on the inner container 105 by a fixing device 10. As shown in fig. 2, the fixing device 10 is annular, the fixing device 10 is welded with the liner 105, the welding surface is a-1, a plurality of threaded holes 10-1 are formed in the fixing device 10 along the circumference thereof, and the fixing device is connected with the sealing cover plate 8 through bolts a-2. Furthermore, the sealing cover plate 8 is fixed in the above mode, and can be detached conveniently, and finally the phase change heat storage unit 3 is convenient to replace. And a corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant sealing washer a-3 is arranged between the fixing device 10 and the sealing cover plate 8 to prevent the device from leaking water.

In order to realize the sealing performance of the whole device, sealing flanges are arranged between the shell 103 (and the inner container 105) and the heat exchange fluid outlet 6 and between the shell and the heat exchange fluid inlet 9, so that fluid leakage is further prevented, the sealing performance and the reliability of the heat storage device are improved, and the quick installation of pipelines can be facilitated.

The utility model discloses in the parallelly connected even symmetrical arrangement of phase change heat-retaining unit 3 of many vertical settings, effectively increase heat transfer area, shorten thermal response time to the upper and lower tube sheet in area flow equalizing hole has been designed, both can realize spacing to encapsulation phase change heat-retaining unit, can realize heat transfer fluid again flow equalizing, simple structure, easy maintenance, the device flow resistance is less.

In this embodiment, a circular tube-shaped lower tube plate support 1 is disposed between the lower tube plate 2 and the bottom plate of the shell 103, the lower tube plate support 1 is disposed closely to the inner container 105, and supports the lower tube plate 2 by its own length (or height), thereby providing a space for the heat exchange fluid inlet 9.

In this embodiment, when the variation of the heat source or the heat utilization boundary conditions (temperature, flow) is large, the heat capacity of the required phase change heat storage device will vary, and the number of the PCM cells to be packaged is increased/decreased according to the requirement, so as to meet the requirement of the heat utilization end. When the heat exchange medium is changed, for example, water is changed into heat conduction oil, the efficiency of the phase change heat storage device using water as the heat exchange medium is lower, because the use temperature of the heat conduction oil is far higher than that of water. The top cover plate 7 and the sealing cover plate 8 are opened, the phase change heat storage unit 3 is replaced and packaged, and the phase change heat storage unit 3 with higher temperature is used.

The utility model discloses can select the PCM that has suitable phase transition temperature according to with hot ambient temperature demand. For example, when the heat storage device is used for valley heating, the phase transition temperature of the selected PCM is 45-85 ℃, and crystalline hydrated salt or paraffin can be selected. Micro-nano materials with high thermal conductivity and porous media such as metal nanoparticles, graphite and the like can be added into the PCM so as to improve the heat storage/extraction rate.

In the process of increasing, decreasing or replacing the whole packaged phase change heat storage unit 3, only the top cover plate 7 and the sealing cover plate 8 are needed to be opened, and the phase change heat storage unit 3 with the same geometric size is installed, so that other parts do not need to be replaced, and the method is simple, convenient and fast. If the performance of a single phase change heat storage unit 3 is attenuated, the maintenance can be carried out quickly.

In addition, the phase change heat storage units 3 with the same specification but different phase change temperatures can be designed and produced, and the types and the number of the corresponding phase change heat storage units 3 can be changed according to different scenes, so that the heat utilization requirement can be met. In the design process, structural parameters of other parts (such as a shell, a tube plate and the like) of the phase-change heat storage device are fixed and unchanged, so that modular production is realized, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the large-scale popularization is facilitated.

The utility model discloses a working process does: heat exchange fluid enters from a heat exchange fluid inlet 9 of the heat storage device and flows through the flow equalizing holes of the lower tube plate 2 to realize flow division, the heat exchange fluid uniformly flows in the heat storage device along the vertical direction, and the phase change heat storage unit 3 absorbs heat and gradually changes from a solid state to a liquid state to finish heat storage. The heat transfer fluid after the heat transfer cooling flows out from the flow equalizing hole of the upper tube plate 5, and then the confluence flows out from the heat transfer fluid outlet 6. The heat extraction process is similar to the heat storage process, and the flow directions of the heat exchange fluid are all from bottom to top.

Claims

1. The phase change heat storage device with adjustable heat capacity is characterized by comprising a shell (103) with an opening at the top, wherein a detachable top cover plate (7) is arranged at the top of the shell (103);

an upper tube plate (5) and a lower tube plate (2) are respectively arranged in the shell (103), and a plurality of vertical phase change heat storage units (3) are arranged on the upper tube plate (5) and the lower tube plate (2); the bottom of each phase change heat storage unit (3) can be detachably mounted on the lower tube plate (2), and the top of each phase change heat storage unit (3) can be detachably mounted on the upper tube plate (5); the upper tube plate (5) and the lower tube plate (2) are both provided with heat exchange fluid flow equalizing holes (2-1);

the bottom of the side wall of the shell (103) is provided with a heat exchange fluid inlet (9), and the top of the side wall of the shell (103) is provided with a heat exchange fluid outlet (6).

2. The phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat capacity as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of mounting grooves (2-2) are uniformly arranged on the top surface of the lower tube plate (2) at intervals, and each mounting groove (2-2) is used for inserting the bottom end of the phase-change heat storage unit (3);

the upper tube plate (5) is provided with a plurality of mounting through holes, and each mounting through hole is used for fixing the top end of the phase change heat storage unit (3).

3. The phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat capacity as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that an inner container (105) is arranged inside the housing (103), and a sealing cover plate (8) is detachably arranged inside the inner container (105) and above the upper tube plate (5).

4. A heat capacity adjustable phase change heat storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that the sealing cover plate (8) is disc-shaped, the sealing cover plate (8) is detachably mounted on the inner container (105) by fixing means (10);

the fixing device (10) is annular, the fixing device (10) is welded with the inner container (105), threaded holes are formed in the fixing device (10) along the circumference of the fixing device, and the fixing device is connected with the sealing cover plate (8) through bolts (a-2).

5. The phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat capacity as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that an inner container (105) is arranged inside the outer shell (103), and an insulating layer (104) is arranged between the outer shell (103) and the inner container (105).

6. The phase change heat storage device with adjustable heat capacity according to claim 5, characterized in that the outer shell (103) and the inner container (105) are both tubular bodies with open tops, the top cover plate (7) is in a circular plate shape, the diameter of the top cover plate (7) is equal to the diameter of the outer shell (103), and the top cover plate (7) is connected with the outer shell (103) in a sealing manner.

7. The phase-change heat storage device with adjustable heat capacity of claim 4, characterized in that the plurality of phase-change heat storage units (3) are uniformly arranged in the inner container (105) at intervals.

8. The phase-change thermal storage device with adjustable heat capacity of claim 1, characterized in that sealing flanges are arranged between the housing (103) and the heat exchange fluid outlet (6) and the heat exchange fluid inlet (9).