CN211433830U

CN211433830U - Bedsore-resistant mattress

Info

Publication number: CN211433830U
Application number: CN201921416351.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苏尼达·阿塔努奇
Original assignee: Botham Nietzsche Utai
Current assignee: Botham Nietzsche Utai
Priority date: 2019-06-26
Filing date: 2019-08-29
Publication date: 2020-09-08
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-29
Also published as: SG10201909121SA; MY189347A; RU197947U1

Abstract

An anti-decubitus mattress includes a mattress made of natural latex foam that provides a natural latex foam density that does not place a pressure of more than 60mmHg on a patient's body at any location. The anti-decubitus mattress divides a weight bearing portion into three sections including a tailbone supporting portion and a top and a bottom, the tailbone supporting portion having a natural latex foam density less than or equal to the top and the bottom. The total density of the latex foam is 65 to 90kg/m³。

Description

Bedsore-resistant mattress

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of engineering or science, in particular to an anti-bedsore mattress related to material engineering or material science.

Background

Patients who need to be rested for prolonged periods of time in a hospital or home for medical treatment or follow-up usually exert pressure on skeletal areas of the body, for example, the back of the head 1, shoulders 2, elbows 3, buttocks 4, heels 5, legs 6, thighs 7, hips 8 or ears 9, as shown in fig. 1. If the patient cannot move the body by himself or they need to be in bed at a certain position and no one is helping to change the body position every 2 hours, it is likely that bed sores will develop in the area where the body is pressed in only 2-3 days, wherein the area where the body is likely to develop bed sores is the coccyx, the hindbrain spork, the hip and heel area, etc. In the field of public health, there is a design of a hospital bed for preventing bedsores, which has two characteristics:

a) a mattress provides movement to prevent a body area from being compressed in a certain position for an extended period of time.

b) A mattress provides weight distribution to prevent excessive pressure from developing at any location that could cause pressure sores.

For mattresses providing movement, some prior art has been found, for example, a bed design, dividing the bed frame into 2 or more sections, as shown in U.S. patent application No. US5233712 entitled "Pressure relief bed" or as shown in thailand patent application No. 0501000630 entitled "Patient bed presenting bed for preventing decubitus ulcers", which relates to a bed frame design that alternately moves one section upward and the other downward at every specified time from 1-30 minutes. This system for controlling the upward and downward movement of the frame by using a hydraulic system is suitable for solving the problem of the bedsore, but has disadvantages in that the upward and downward movement of the frame may disturb the patient and the required several devices may cause the sick bed to be oversized, thus being inconvenient to move and easily damaged. Furthermore, due to the electrical system, the mattress cannot be used when power is cut off and is not suitable for use in rural areas where power is not available.

Some mattresses are made of several air bags arranged in sequence and air is pumped in and out to lift the weight of the patient in multiple positions, such as japanese patent application No. JP2000-189472 entitled "bedmore presentation apparatus" or US patent application No. US5815864 entitled "Microprocessor controller and method of initializing and controlling low air loss flotation mattress" or US patent application No. US4825486 entitled "bedmore-presenting air mattress controller" or US patent application No. US for presenting a system of controlling the pressure of a patient bed "(anti-decubitus air cushion controller) or 0801004806 entitled" bedmore-presenting air mattress system "for presenting a system of controlling the pressure of a patient bed" (anti-decubitus air cushion controller), among them, these mattresses are currently available on the market as anti-decubitus mattresses due to light weight and simple mechanism, but the system has disadvantages in that electric power is required to control the air cells, and there are a large number of air cells so that it becomes difficult to clean all the air cells, and if the electric power is cut off or interrupted, the air cells will deflate and the patient's body will suddenly sink into the air cells.

In addition, some prior art has been found with respect to other embodiments of anti-decubitus mattresses. For example, chinese patent application No. CN203898582 entitled "Pressure sore pressing rolling massage bed" relates to a bed designed with rollers on the bed frame that cause a constant transition of bearing points while it functions as a massager. The slovack patent application No. SK50522016 entitled "Bed-on restraining electromagnetic cushion" relates to a Bed frame design in the form of a square in which each section can be raised and lowered upwards by control of an electromagnetic system. Korean patent application No. KR101895054, entitled "bedpresenting pressure more" relates to a design of a bed that allows a patient to turn over automatically within a designated time. Korean patent application No. KR20080075812 entitled "Silicone cushion for preventive bed sore" (Silicone pad for preventing decubitus), relates to the design of a bed frame covered with Silicone rubber, wherein the Silicone rubber can be inflated circularly, resulting in the lifting of the patient's body. However, these systems require electrical power and are therefore not suitable for use in rural areas where there is no electrical power.

For beds that provide weight distribution to prevent excessive pressure from developing at any location that can cause pressure sores, the system uses a support material that is soft or flexible enough to evenly distribute the force at each location without creating areas of high pressure that would stop blood flow and cause pressure sores. An example of such a system is as follows:

according to the Thailand patent application No. 0101002164 entitled Anti-bed mattress, an Anti-bed sore mattress includes a square cloth bag containing air cells that serve as load bearing elements for the patient rather than using an air bed. The mattress is divided into at least 4 chambers. The side of the mattress has a zipper for opening to fill the air bag into the mattress, which disadvantageously results in the air bag not being held in a particular position. When they are pressed, they often leak air, resulting in inconsistent bladder strength. Furthermore, when air leaks out of the bladder, it is necessary to remove the bladder and re-blow the air and refill the bladder back into the mattress. Due to this frequent maintenance, more work is added each day.

According to Thailand patent application No. 0503000511 entitled "Anti-bed texture map of square-pocket clock connecting rubber gloves with water or air", an Anti-decubitus mattress made of a square cloth bag containing rubber gloves filled with water or air brings about negative results due to the uneven arrangement and uneven strength of the square cloth bag caused by the uneven shape of the rubber gloves. Furthermore, rubber gloves are very thin because they are not designed for weight bearing purposes. Thus, leakage easily occurs, thereby causing the mattress to be wetted, and frequent maintenance is required.

According to the small patent application No. 0903000277 of thailand, entitled "water bed for patients", a water bed for patients is made of flexible tubing carrying water therein. The tubing supports the patient and may be filled with water at high or low pressure. However, the material, size and thickness of the pipe are not determined and the water pressure is not specified. Thus, the pressure resistance level of the bed cannot be specified. In addition, filling with water can cause the mattress to become heavy, making it more difficult to replace the mattress in bed than with a conventional mattress.

According to the small Thailand patent application No. 1503000574 entitled Anti-bedsand bed/water bag and health sheet for normal user, a water bed is designed to be placed on a normal bed, wherein the water bed includes upper-lower cloth sewn in a square bag including a zipper for putting in/taking out a water bag, wherein the water bag is a plastic or rubber bag. As one would expect, there should be no pressure resistance to the flow of water. In addition, in actual use in a lidded container, when pressure is applied to water, the volume of the water may change slightly and pressure resistance may be created. Thus, the use of water as a support for reducing pressure works well in the early stages. When the supportive container (water bag) is tight, the container surface will control the pressure resistance. The pressure reduction is then not as expected.

According to the Thailand small patent application No. 1503000574 entitled "Anti-bed sore mattress", an Anti-bed sore mattress, is characterized by a polyurethane foam sheet placed on a plurality of lengths of mounted plastic sheets, which allows air to flow underneath. The mattress has six pieces, but only 5 pieces can be used. The other 1 is a replacement for cleaning. This foam is perforated for air flow and therefore dries faster than normal foam. The advantage of this mattress is that it is light in weight and dries out quickly, but it does not determine how much pressure resistance the patient is under while bearing weight. A disadvantage of polyurethane foams is their short service life. After 3-6 months of use, the foam became flat and required frequent testing (Rehabilitation of properties with bedsand, dr. Prachayaporn khamme angle, dept. of rehabilitating medium, failure of medium, Chiangmai University, chapter 3, p.75 (Rehabilitation of decubitus patients, department of Rehabilitation of medical University Prachayaporn khamme angle, chapter 3, page 75)). Furthermore, the use of polyurethane foam as a hospital bed may allow rapid growth of microorganisms, and it is not suitable for use in hospitals (Wong Niap Poh, Elastomeric, December 1989, p.9(Wong Niap Poh, elastomers, 12 months 1989, page 9)).

According to japanese patent application No. JP2018187055, entitled "Bed sore prevention device", the attachment of a loop material on a patient's clothing in areas prone to develop pressure sores prevents these areas from being compressed. This method may cause pressure in the area around the ring and result in insufficient blood flow in that area, which results in more bedsores or delayed recovery of bedsores.

From the above information, it is evident that the prior art anti-decubitus mattresses still suffer from drawbacks that result in inconvenience, require several devices or require power that would limit the location of use. In particular, according to the information in Thailand patent application No. 0503000511 entitled "Anti-bed tissue mass of square-cloth linked rubber gloves with water or air" the factor causing decubitus ulcers is pressure. If the pressure in any area is above 35mmHg, the blood flow in that area will be reduced. If the pressure is higher than 70mmHg for more than 2 hours, the culture medium and oxygen will be deficient. If the pressure is higher than 80mmHg for a long time, the tissue may die and eventually cause bedsores. Furthermore, the doctor praachayaporn Khammueanglue, department of rehabilitation medicine, university of qingmai, on page 75 of chapter 3, entitled "rehabilitation of decubitus patients", mentions that the nodular pressure should be reduced to less than 60mmHg, indicating that the pressure on the body must be less than 70 mmHg. Preferably, it should be less than 60 mmHg. None of these patents mention the level of ability of these mattresses to reduce pressure on nodes in the above-mentioned prior art. Accordingly, the present invention has been developed to solve the above-mentioned problems, wherein an anti-decubitus mattress made of natural latex is provided, in which an appropriate density is specified, and which helps to support the weight of an organ at pressure points without causing the pressure at any point to exceed 60 mmHg.

Disclosure of Invention

The anti-decubitus mattress comprises a mattress made of natural rubber latex, wherein it provides a density of 65 to 90kg/m³Wherein the upper surface provides empty space throughout said surface side and the lower surface provides smooth surface features or connected curls, wherein the bearing point is divided into three parts, including having a density of 65 to 90kg/m³And a coccyx supporting portion having a thickness of 5 to 7.5cm, and having a density of 65 to 85kg/m³Natural latex ofFoam and a thickness of 5 to 7.5 cm.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an anti-decubitus mattress that helps support organ weight at pressure points without causing pressure at any point exceeding 60mmHg, which helps prevent the development of decubitus ulcers in a patient during bed rest. The mattress is made of easily found materials and is provided with a dealer in that country. It is not complicated to use, thus contributing to convenient use. It also reduces energy and treatment costs because, according to the invention, no electrical power is required to use the anti-decubitus mattress. It is therefore another way to help develop the national economy, thereby helping all to effectively obtain public health services.

Drawings

Figure 1 shows an example of pressure on a patient's body that may cause pressure sores.

Figure 2 shows an embodiment of an anti-decubitus mattress according to the present invention for a supine patient.

Figure 3 shows an embodiment of an anti-decubitus mattress according to the invention for a patient lying on his side.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the relationship between the natural latex foam density and the indentation hardness index.

Detailed Description

FIG. 2 is an anti-decubitus mattress comprising a mattress made of natural latex foam which provides a density of 65 to 90kg/m³Wherein the upper surface provides empty space across the surface side and the lower surface provides smooth surface features or connected curls to provide support for the patient's body. The anti-bedsore mattress divides the bearing point into three parts, including:

the coccyx supporting portion 20 serving as a coccyx support provides a thickness less than or equal to the top 30 and bottom 40, wherein it provides a thickness of 5 to 7.5cm and a density of 65 to 90kg/m³The natural latex foam of (1). The coccyx support section 20 preferably provides a coccyx support space 20 having a width of 40 to 50cm and is located at least 10cm upward near the center of the length of the mattress. The width of the tailbone support space 20 is equal to the width of the mattress.

The top 30 serves as a body support from the head to the lumbar region, while the bottom 40 serves as a lower body to foot support near the coccyx and lumbar region. They have a thickness of 5 to 7.5cm and a density of 65 to 85kg/m³The natural latex foam of (1).

The empty spaces for the entire upper surface of the anti-decubitus mattress have a diameter of 10 to 15mm, and have a gap in the range of 25 to 35mm between each empty space. These spaces act as pressure distribution spaces and contribute to a better flow of gas.

The anti-decubitus mattress according to the present invention provides additional components including a density of 55 to 75kg/m³And an additional support pad one (10) made of natural latex foam having a thickness of 1.5 to 2.5cm, the additional support pad one being placed on top of the anti-decubitus mattress. The additional support cushion is placed on the anti-decubitus mattress to reduce uneven texture or inconsistencies at the junction between the coccyx support portion and the top and bottom portions.

According to fig. 2, it is an embodiment of an anti-decubitus mattress, which is suitable for use on a supine patient, as the patient's body is expanded and pressure is dispersed at the body part contacting the mattress. Thus, a mattress for a supine patient need not be that thick.

FIG. 3 shows an anti-decubitus mattress suitable for a patient lying on the side, comprising a mattress having a density of 75 to 85kg/m³And an additional support pad two (50) made of natural latex foam having a thickness of 2.5 to 7.5cm, the additional support pad two being placed on the bottom of the anti-decubitus mattress. Since there is a significant pressure on the coccyx when the patient is lying on his or her side, it is necessary to lift other parts of the body to distribute the pressure in order to reduce the pressure on the coccyx, with the top 20 and bottom 30 of the mattress being stiffer than the coccyx support portion 20.

In addition, the anti-decubitus mattress provides an additional component having a mattress cover made of a waterproof material, which may be selected from either or both of cloth or synthetic leather, to prevent the anti-decubitus mattress from having a hardness that generates greater pressure.

For use, the anti-decubitus mattress is laid down and the upper part is covered with the support pad 10. Then, the mattress cover is covered. To is coming toFor a side lying patient, the support pad 50 is laid down and then the anti-decubitus mattress is laid on top. It also provides additional components having a density of from 50 to 65kg/m³And a natural rubber latex pillow having a thickness of 4 to 15cm, serving as a support for the head of a patient.

The following examples illustrate the development of an anti-decubitus mattress according to the present invention, which are not limited to those disclosed herein, and should not be limiting to the present invention.

Selection of materials for producing anti-decubitus mattresses

The selected test materials were multi-layer soft cloth, polyurethane gel with different thickness and different softness, 3 different sized tubing for air and water filled air bags, and natural latex foam. First, the surface hardness of these materials was measured using a foam hardness tester called Asker F hardness tester manufactured by high molecular counter limited (Kobunshi Keiki co., Ltd.) having an indenter diameter of 25.2 mm. Using a spring as the resistance, the dial shows results of 0-100, with the 0 point having 55gm resistance and the 100 point having 455gm resistance. As for the natural latex foam, in addition to the measurement of the surface hardness, the density (kg/m) was calculated according to ASTM D-1055-90³) And an indentation hardness index (N).

For the preliminary test, a 3.8kg dummy head was pressed against the support material to calculate the pressure. The test results are shown in the following table:

from the preliminary test results, it is apparent that the best support material in the preliminary test is natural latex foam. Thus, the following study will be tested using only natural latex foam, and the expected pressure-related data is the user and the support cushion.

For the user, there are twoThe factors are: a) specific characteristics of each person (weight, height or body mass index calculation), body mass index or obesity index by weight/height²Calculating; and b) lying position features (supine and side).

For a support cushion, i.e., natural rubber latex, there are two factors that are the cushion thickness and softness/hardness.

Pressure bearing test of bedsore-resistant mattress under different factors

Samples of 34 persons were tested for specific characteristics by weight measurement, height measurement and calculation of BMI, where the samples had a weight of 43-87kg, a height of 1.45-1.70m and a BMI of 18.2 to 36.9. Then, they were divided into 5 groups, wherein those with a BMI below 18.5 were the slim group, those with a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 were the normal group, those with a BMI between 25.0 and 29.9 were the obese group, and if the BMI exceeded 30, they were considered obese. Then, a sample of 9 persons was tested to find the amount of stress divided by body mass index, as shown in the table below, where person 1 was counted as the youngest person in the group and person 9 was counted as the obese person in the group.

As for the natural latex foam, a thickness of 1 to 3 inches and a density of 65 to 110 kg/m are provided³The material of (1). The high density natural latex foam has a correspondingly high hardness or indentation index as shown in fig. 2.

In the bed rest test, there is a thickness of 6.3cm and a density of 60 to 65kg/m³The natural latex foam pillow of (a) supports the head to reduce the pressure in the head area to maintain low pressure throughout the test in order to study the pressure in specific areas of the mattress below the head area.

Lying position affects the pressure of the body, where it is found that the body stretches more when compressed rather than lying on its side, which results in a pressure that is less when lying on the back than when lying on the side. Pressure generated when supine generally occurs at the shoulders, coccyx and heel. For lying on the side, this occurs in the shoulders and hips, as shown in the following table:

the numbers indicated are pressure values in mmHg.

From the table, it is evident that the use of thicker natural latex foam will help relieve pressure in some cases at pressures greater than 70mmHg, particularly in some sample hips, and that it is evident that the pressure is greater in slim persons than in obese persons.

As regards the thickness of the latex foam, it also affects the pressure, i.e. thicker latex foam provides less pressure. Using a latex foam 2 inches thick was sufficient to reduce the pressure of some samples; however, for some people, it requires 3 inches thick of latex foam to reduce the pressure, as shown in the following table:

the numbers indicated are pressure values in mmHg.

The density of the latex foam also affects the pressure. Slim people do not have much fat to support the body. Using too soft or too thin foam, when bearing body weight, the body weight presses on the floor, resulting in high pressure; however, if a thicker foam and a greater density are used, it will be subjected to greater pressures, as shown in the following table:

the numbers indicated are pressure values in mmHg.

However, the density of the latex foam should not be too high. Otherwise, the latex foam would become harder and cause bedsores, as shown in the following table:

the numbers indicated are pressure values in mmHg.

In addition, the use of latex foam as a mattress may cover cloth, such as elastic cloth or synthetic leather, to extend the useful life of the latex foam and make it easier to clean. In addition, the use of synthetic leather (PVC covered cloth) makes it easier to clean the mat. It is suitable for use in hospitals. The use of these two types of cover cloths did not significantly affect the pressure, as shown in the following table:

the numbers indicated are pressure values in mmHg.

The initial summary is that when supine, the pressure is greatest at the coccyx. The supportive latex foam pad for this section should be soft,the density was 65kg/m³And the thickness is not less than 5cm to ensure that the coccyx is located in the region supported by the soft latex foam. The width of the cushion for this section is 50cm, while the length of this section is equal to the width of the mattress and the coccyx support section should be placed at least 10cm above the center of the mattress. A tailbone support section 50cm wide covers the tailbone portion of each person using the mattress. The top and bottom of the mattress comprised 5cm thick latex foam with a density of 75kg/m³(ii) a And for preventing the density from being 65kg/m³And a density of 75kg/m³The latex foam joints of (1) give an unfamiliar feeling, and a density of 65kg/m should be placed on the entire front surface of the cushion³And then covering the mat with a cloth for further use. An anti-decubitus mattress according to the present invention has been tested to calculate the amount of pressure on the coccyx, with sample groups ranging from lean to obese persons, with coccyx-out pressures below 60mmHg, as shown in the following table:

any modifications or changes may become apparent to and may be made by those skilled in the art, which still fall within the scope and spirit of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An anti-bedsore mattress comprises a mattress made of natural latex foam,

characterized in that the natural latex foam has a density of 65 to 90kg/m³Wherein the upper surface provides a void space on the entire surface side and the lower surface provides a smooth surface feature or connected curl, wherein the bearing point is divided into three parts, including a coccyx support part (20) having a thickness of 5 to 7.5cm and a top part (30) and a bottom part (40) having a thickness of 5 to 7.5 cm.

2. An anti-decubitus mattress according to claim 1, wherein the empty spaces have a diameter of 10 to 15 mm.

3. An anti-decubitus mattress according to claim 1, wherein the empty spaces provide a gap of 25 to 35mm between each space.

4. An anti-decubitus mattress according to claim 1, characterized in that the tailbone supporting portion (20) of the mattress is of a density of 65 to 90kg/m³The natural latex foam of (1).

5. An anti-decubitus mattress according to claim 1, wherein the tailbone support portion (20) provides a support space of 40 to 50cm and is located at least 10cm upwards near the centre of the length of the mattress.

6. Anti-decubitus mattress according to claim 1, wherein the top (30) and bottom (40) are provided with a density of 65 to 85kg/m³The natural latex foam of (1).

7. An anti-decubitus mattress according to claim 1, comprising a mattress having a density of 55 to 75kg/m³And an additional support pad one (10) made of natural latex foam having a thickness of 1.5 to 2.5cm, the additional support pad one being placed on top of the anti-decubitus mattress.

8. An anti-decubitus mattress according to claim 1, comprising a mattress having a density of 75 to 85kg/m³And an additional support pad two (50) made of natural latex foam having a thickness of 2.5 to 7.5cm, the additional support pad two being placed on the bottom of the anti-decubitus mattress.

9. The anti-decubitus mattress according to claim 1, further comprising an additional mattress cover made of a waterproof material selected from either or both of a cloth or synthetic leather.

10. An anti-decubitus mattress according to claim 1, comprising a foam made of latex having a density of 50 to 65kg/m³And an additional pillow made of natural latex foam having a thickness of 4 to 15 cm.