CN211429100U

CN211429100U - High-energy composite flywheel battery

Info

Publication number: CN211429100U
Application number: CN201922484045.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩天和
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-12-31
Filing date: 2019-12-31
Publication date: 2020-09-04
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-31

Abstract

The utility model belongs to a high energy composite flywheel battery. The utility model discloses be to present flywheel battery mainly exist if the vacuum heat dissipation is difficult to and permanent magnetism suspension bearing capacity ratio is less, the difficult technological problem that the suspension is difficult to control proposes. In order to solve the problem of difficult vacuum heat dissipation of a flywheel battery, firstly, a maximum heating source and a motor winding are arranged outside a vacuum chamber, cooling liquid is used for heat dissipation, and a magnetic conduction ring is arranged to enable the motor winding to drive a flywheel through a rotor permanent magnet array arranged on a flywheel rotor or convert kinetic energy of the flywheel into electric power. The bearing capacity is improved by enlarging the contact area of the magnetic suspension bearing, and the stability of the permanent magnet bearing is improved by the auxiliary bearing composite support. Through the fundamental solution of the technical problems, the flywheel battery can further improve the rotation speed, improve the energy density, reduce the heat loss and reduce the manufacturing cost, so that the flywheel battery can replace a chemical battery and become a green power battery used by the electric automobile.

Description

High-energy composite flywheel battery

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric energy conversion and storage, and particularly relates to a high-energy composite flywheel battery.

Background

The flywheel battery utilizes the inertia of flywheel rotation, and the electric energy passes through the high-speed rotation of motor drive flywheel, converts kinetic energy into kinetic energy and charges, converts flywheel kinetic energy into electric energy through the generator when needs and discharges, and it has electric energy conversion efficiency height, charge-discharge swift, insensitive to ambient temperature, non-pollution environment, outstanding advantage such as unit mass energy storage density height, can be used for replacing chemical battery and be used for fields such as electric power peak regulation, electric automobile power battery, uninterrupted power supply.

In order to reduce the energy loss caused by the friction between the rotating shaft of the flywheel rotating at high speed and air, the flywheel is generally placed in a vacuum closed container, in a vacuum environment, if a flywheel rotating shaft is supported by a mechanical bearing, the defects are that the flywheel rotating shaft needs to be lubricated and has abrasion, the evaporation of lubricating liquid influences the vacuum degree, therefore, the electromagnetic suspension bearing or the mixture of the electromagnetic suspension bearing and the permanent magnetic bearing is generally adopted to support the flywheel rotating shaft, the electromagnetic suspension bearing is adopted, the electromagnetic coil has copper loss and the iron loss of a silicon steel sheet used by an electromagnetic iron core, the energy losses are expressed by the temperature rise of the rotor and the stator, in a vacuum environment, heat cannot be dissipated by air convection, the flywheel is suspended and cannot be dissipated by contact, the magnet may lose magnetism due to temperature rise, and each part of the flywheel battery is damaged due to overhigh temperature, so that the heat dissipation of the flywheel battery becomes a technical problem at present.

A vacuum heat dissipation flywheel battery (application No. 201810378972.2) provides a way of leading in hydraulic oil in a vacuum chamber to lubricate a flywheel shaft and take the heat of the flywheel out of the vacuum chamber, the structure puts a maximum heat source motor winding into the vacuum chamber, the heat dissipation is insufficient depending on the limited contact area of the shaft end, the hydraulic oil is easy to evaporate and affect the vacuum, the resistance is rapidly multiplied when the flywheel shaft rotates at high speed, the heat generation of the motor is more serious, and the energy self-consumption of the structure is very large.

The technical scheme of the existing permanent magnetic suspension bearing is simple in structure, low in cost, low in energy consumption and easy to miniaturize, but the technical problems that the bearing capacity is smaller and the suspension is difficult to control exist.

The invention is provided for the technical problems of the flywheel battery, such as difficult vacuum heat dissipation, smaller bearing capacity of the permanent magnetic suspension bearing and difficult suspension control, so as to fundamentally solve the problems, realize the miniaturization of the flywheel battery, low cost, improved rotation speed and energy density, and enable the flywheel battery to become a green power battery for replacing a chemical battery.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that the vacuum heat dissipation of a flywheel battery is difficult to obtain, firstly, a maximum heating source and a motor winding are arranged outside a vacuum chamber, the heat dissipation is carried out by cooling liquid, and a magnetic conduction ring is arranged to enable the motor winding to drive a flywheel through a rotor permanent magnet array arranged on a flywheel rotor or convert the kinetic energy of the flywheel into electric power. The bearing capacity is improved by enlarging the contact area of the magnetic suspension bearing, and the stability of the permanent magnet bearing is improved by the auxiliary bearing composite support.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems in the prior art is as follows: comprises a stator shaft (1) and a flywheel rotor (2), the upper end and the lower end of a flywheel shell (23) are respectively and hermetically connected and fixed with an upper flywheel shell cover (11) and a lower flywheel shell cover (18), a cylindrical space is formed in the middle and is vacuumized to form a vacuum chamber (26), the upper end and the lower end of the stator shaft (1) are respectively and coaxially and tightly fixed with the upper flywheel shell cover (11) and the lower flywheel shell cover (18), the upper part of the stator shaft (1) is tightly fixed with an upper auxiliary bearing (9) and an inner hole of a stator axial magnetic ring (4), the middle part of the stator shaft (1) is tightly fixed with an inner hole of a stator radial magnetic ring (3), the lower end of the stator shaft (1) is tightly fixed with an inner hole of a lower auxiliary bearing (12), the middle part of the inner hole of the flywheel rotor (2) is coaxially and tightly fixed with a rotor radial magnetic ring (5), and the rotor, a rotor lower axial magnetic ring (7) and a rotor upper end cover (8) are coaxially and tightly fixed at the upper part of a flywheel rotor (2), a rotor upper axial magnetic ring (6) and a stator axial magnetic ring (4) are coaxially embedded in the rotor upper end cover (8) in a mutual polarity repulsion mode and are in clearance fit, a rotor lower axial magnetic ring (7) and a stator axial magnetic ring (4) in a mutual polarity repulsion mode are in clearance fit, the rotor upper end cover (8) and a rotor upper wear-resistant ring (10) are tightly fixed, the rotor upper wear-resistant ring (10) and the outer surface of an upper auxiliary bearing (9) are in clearance fit, a rotor permanent magnet array (13) is embedded in the end face of the lower end of an inner hole of the flywheel rotor (2), a rotor lower wear-resistant ring (14) is coaxially and tightly fixed at the lower end of the inner hole of the flywheel rotor (2), the rotor lower wear-resistant ring (14) and the outer surface of, the disc type motor is internally provided with a stator winding (21), a winding bin body is filled with cooling oil and communicated with a flywheel shell (23) made of metal materials through an internal pipeline, metal cooling fins (24) are arranged on the outer surface of the flywheel shell (23), the winding bin body is sealed by a winding bin end cover (20), and the motor stator winding (21) is connected with an electric control device.

Furthermore, the inner surface of the flywheel housing lower cover (18) is provided with a magnetic conduction ring (15) corresponding to the motor winding (21), and the magnetic conduction ring (15) is a soft magnet.

Further, the rotor permanent magnet array (13) is a Halbach permanent magnet array.

Furthermore, the stator radial magnetic ring (3) and the rotor radial magnetic ring (5) are radially magnetized.

Furthermore, the stator radial magnetic ring (3) and the rotor radial magnetic ring (5) are formed by combining a plurality of corresponding magnetic rings with mutually-repellent polarities.

Furthermore, a protective net (17) made of high-strength materials is surrounded outside the flywheel housing (23), the upper portion of the protective net (17) is connected with a protective net upper plate (25), the protective net upper plate (25) is connected with the upper portion of the flywheel housing (23) through 4 groups of upper damping tension springs (16), the lower portion of the protective net (17) is connected with a protective net bottom plate (22), and the protective net bottom plate (22) is connected with the lower portion of the flywheel housing (23) through 4 groups of lower damping springs (19).

Furthermore, a hole channel in the stator shaft (1) is communicated with a cooling oil channel of an upper auxiliary bearing (9) and a lower auxiliary bearing (12) on the stator shaft, a stator radial magnetic ring (3) and a stator axial magnetic ring (4) and is communicated with a cooling oil channel of the flywheel shell (23).

Drawings

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the invention taken along the line a-a,

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention taken along the line B-B.

In the figure, 1, a stator shaft, 2, a flywheel rotor, 3, a stator radial magnetic ring, 4 stator axial magnetic rings, 5, a rotor radial magnetic ring, 6, a rotor upper axial magnetic ring, 7, a rotor lower axial magnetic ring, 8, a rotor upper end cover, 9, an upper auxiliary bearing, 10, a rotor upper wear ring, 11, a flywheel housing upper cover, 12, a lower auxiliary bearing, 13, a rotor permanent magnet array, 14, a rotor lower wear ring, 15, a magnetic conduction ring, 16, an upper damping tension spring, 17, a protective net, 18, a flywheel housing lower cover, 19, a lower damping spring, 20, a winding bin end cover, 21, a motor stator winding, 22, a protective net bottom plate, 23, a flywheel housing, 24, a cooling fin, 25, a protective net upper plate, 26 and a vacuum chamber.

Detailed Description

The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. The invention can make various designs with different parameters and specifications according to the structural principle of the invention for different use objects and use environment requirements. Here, a power unit applied to an electric vehicle will be described as an example of the apparatus of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device comprises a stator shaft (1) and a flywheel rotor (2), the upper end and the lower end of a flywheel shell (23) are respectively and hermetically connected and fixed with a flywheel shell upper cover (11) and a flywheel shell lower cover (18), a cylindrical space is formed in the middle of the flywheel shell and is vacuumized to form a vacuum chamber (26), and a rubber sealing element is used at the joint of parts, so that the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber (26) is easily maintained.

Both ends are closely fixed with flywheel casing upper cover (11) and flywheel casing lower cover (18) are coaxial respectively about stator shaft (1), use interference fit, reduce vibrations when rotating at a high speed, guarantee the axiality, cooperation department in addition also needs to add rubber seal because there is the cooling oil passageway in stator shaft (1) to avoid revealing.

The upper part of a stator shaft (1) is in interference fit with an inner hole of an upper auxiliary bearing (9) and a stator axial magnetic ring (4), the middle part of the stator shaft (1) is in interference fit with an inner hole of a stator radial magnetic ring (3), the lower end of the stator shaft (1) is in interference fit with an inner hole of a lower auxiliary bearing (12), the middle part of an inner hole of a flywheel rotor (2) is in coaxial interference fit with a rotor radial magnetic ring (5), the rotor radial magnetic ring (5) and the stator radial magnetic ring (3) have polarity repulsion and 0.5mm-3mm clearance fit, the upper part of the flywheel rotor (2) is in coaxial interference fit with a rotor lower axial magnetic ring (7) and a rotor upper end cover (8), the rotor upper end cover (8) is coaxially embedded with the rotor upper axial magnetic ring (6) and the stator axial magnetic ring (4) having polarity repulsion and 0.5mm-3mm clearance fit, the rotor lower axial magnetic ring (7) and the stator axial magnetic ring (4), the upper end cover (8) of the rotor is in interference fit with the upper wear-resistant ring (10) of the rotor, the upper wear-resistant ring (10) of the rotor is in clearance fit with the outer surface of the upper auxiliary bearing (9) by 0.5-3 mm, the rotor permanent magnet array (13) is embedded in the lower end face of the inner hole of the flywheel rotor (2), the lower end of the inner hole of the flywheel rotor (2) is in coaxial interference fit with the lower wear-resistant ring (14) of the rotor, and the lower wear-resistant ring (14) of the rotor is in clearance fit with the outer surface of the lower auxiliary bearing (12).

By adopting the structure, the radial magnetic bearing, the axial magnetic bearing and the auxiliary bearing can support the flywheel rotor (2) in a composite mode, when the flywheel rotor is started at a low speed, an effective gyro effect is not formed, the permanent magnetic suspension bearing only plays an auxiliary supporting role, the outer surface of the upper wear-resisting ring (10) of the rotor is in 0.5-3 mm clearance fit with the outer surface of the upper auxiliary bearing (9), the outer surface of the upper wear-resisting ring (10) of the rotor and the outer surface of the upper auxiliary bearing (9) form sliding, meanwhile, the upper auxiliary bearing (9) also rolls, and at the moment, the flywheel rotor is a motion mode combining rolling and sliding. When the motion mode is at low speed, the stable rotation of the flywheel rotor (2) is ensured, when the flywheel rotor (2) exceeds the critical speed, the axial and radial load resistance is improved due to the gyroscopic effects of the radial magnetic bearing and the axial magnetic bearing, the wear-resistant ring (10) on the rotor is separated from the outer surface of the upper auxiliary bearing (9), and the flywheel rotor (2) rotates in a suspension way without contact friction force. When the automobile is frequently started to accelerate and brake in running and the moment exceeds the maximum moment which can be borne by the permanent magnet suspension bearing in a short time, the wear-resistant ring (10) on the rotor is in contact with the outer surface of the upper auxiliary bearing (9) to form a motion form combining rolling and sliding, the rotating speed is decomposed into rolling speed and sliding speed, and the sliding speed of the wear-resistant ring on the rotor and the rolling speed of the upper auxiliary bearing (9) are reduced, so that the service life of the bearing is prolonged, the friction loss is reduced, and after the external load is relieved, the flywheel rotor (2) recovers suspension rotation. The structure is mainly designed to be suitable for the motion working condition of the automobile.

The motion forms of the rotor lower wear-resisting ring (14) and the lower auxiliary bearing (12) are the same as those described above.

3 or more disc type motor winding bin bodies are arranged on the lower cover (18) of the flywheel shell at equal angles on the circumference, disc type motor stator windings (21) are arranged in the disc type motor winding bin bodies, cooling oil is filled in the winding bin bodies, the flywheel shell (23) made of metal materials is communicated through an internal pipeline, metal cooling fins (24) are arranged on the outer surface of the flywheel shell (23), the winding bin bodies are sealed by winding bin end covers (20), and the motor stator windings (21) are connected with an electric control device. The important structural design of the invention is that the motor stator winding (21) is moved out of the vacuum chamber (26), because the flywheel battery motor stator winding (21) is the maximum heating source, after the flywheel battery motor stator winding is moved out of the vacuum chamber (26), the heating value of other parts in the vacuum chamber (26) is extremely low, and slight temperature rise can be conducted outwards through infrared radiation, thus the problem of vacuum heat dissipation is fundamentally solved.

Furthermore, the inner surface of the flywheel housing lower cover (18) is provided with a magnetic conduction ring (15) corresponding to the motor winding (21), and the magnetic conduction ring (15) is a soft magnet, so that heat loss is reduced.

Furthermore, the rotor permanent magnet array (13) is a Halbach permanent magnet array, so that a feasible technical scheme is provided for structural diversity and improvement of motor efficiency.

Furthermore, the stator radial magnetic ring (3) and the rotor radial magnetic ring (5) are formed by combining a plurality of corresponding magnetic rings, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Furthermore, a protective net (17) made of high-strength materials is surrounded outside the flywheel housing (23), the upper portion of the protective net (17) is connected with a protective net upper plate (25), the protective net upper plate (25) is connected with the upper portion of the flywheel housing (23) through 4 groups of upper damping tension springs (16), the lower portion of the protective net (17) is connected with a protective net bottom plate (22), and the protective net bottom plate (22) is connected with the lower portion of the flywheel housing (23) through 4 groups of lower damping springs (19). The flywheel shell (23) can be made of high-strength alloy steel, the flywheel rotor (2) is made of carbon fiber epoxy reinforced plastics, and when the flywheel is accidentally unbalanced, under the combined action of the flywheel shell (23) and the protective net (17), the flywheel shell (23) is guaranteed to be crashed and disintegrated, kinetic energy is released, and damage to surrounding people and objects can be avoided.

Furthermore, a hole channel in the stator shaft (1) is communicated with an upper auxiliary bearing (9) on the stator shaft, a lower auxiliary bearing (12) is communicated with a stator radial magnetic ring (3), and a cooling oil channel of a stator axial magnetic ring (4) is communicated with a cooling oil channel of the flywheel shell (23), so that heat of the vacuum chamber (26) can be brought to the flywheel shell (23) to be dissipated through the radiating fins (24), heat dissipation of the stator winding (21) is improved, current overload capacity of the stator winding (21) is improved, the flywheel battery can be charged and discharged rapidly, and the flywheel battery is improved in energy density by improving rotating speed.

Through the technical measures, the technical problems of vacuum heat dissipation of the flywheel battery and the permanent magnet suspension bearing are fundamentally solved, the flywheel battery is miniaturized and low in cost, the rotating speed is improved, the energy density is improved, and the automobile green power battery is used for replacing a chemical battery.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency composite flywheel battery comprises a stator shaft (1) and a flywheel rotor (2), and is characterized in that the upper end and the lower end of a flywheel shell (23) are respectively and hermetically connected and fixed with an upper flywheel shell cover (11) and a lower flywheel shell cover (18), a cylindrical space is formed in the middle of the flywheel shell and is vacuumized to form a vacuum chamber (26), the upper end and the lower end of the stator shaft (1) are respectively and coaxially and tightly fixed with the upper flywheel shell cover (11) and the lower flywheel shell cover (18), the upper part of the stator shaft (1) is tightly fixed with inner holes of an upper auxiliary bearing (9) and a stator axial magnetic ring (4), the middle part of the stator shaft (1) is tightly fixed with an inner hole of a stator radial magnetic ring (3), the lower end of the stator shaft (1) is tightly fixed with an inner hole of a lower auxiliary bearing (12), a rotor radial magnetic ring (5) is coaxially and tightly fixed in the middle of the inner hole of, a rotor lower axial magnetic ring (7) and a rotor upper end cover (8) are coaxially and tightly fixed at the upper part of a flywheel rotor (2), a rotor upper axial magnetic ring (6) and a stator axial magnetic ring (4) are coaxially embedded in the rotor upper end cover (8) in a mutual polarity repulsion mode and are in clearance fit, a rotor lower axial magnetic ring (7) and a stator axial magnetic ring (4) in a mutual polarity repulsion mode are in clearance fit, the rotor upper end cover (8) and a rotor upper wear-resistant ring (10) are tightly fixed, the rotor upper wear-resistant ring (10) and the outer surface of an upper auxiliary bearing (9) are in clearance fit, a rotor permanent magnet array (13) is embedded in the end face of the lower end of an inner hole of the flywheel rotor (2), a rotor lower wear-resistant ring (14) is coaxially and tightly fixed at the lower end of the inner hole of the flywheel rotor (2), the rotor lower wear-resistant ring (14) and the outer surface of, the disc type motor is internally provided with a stator winding (21), a winding bin body is filled with cooling oil and communicated with a flywheel shell (23) made of metal materials through an internal pipeline, metal cooling fins (24) are arranged on the outer surface of the flywheel shell (23), the winding bin body is sealed by a winding bin end cover (20), and the motor stator winding (21) is connected with an electric control device.

2. The efficient hybrid flywheel battery of claim 1, wherein: the inner surface of the flywheel shell lower cover (18) is provided with a magnetic conduction ring (15) corresponding to the motor stator winding (21), and the magnetic conduction ring (15) is a soft magnet.

3. The efficient hybrid flywheel battery of claim 1, wherein: the rotor permanent magnet array (13) is a Halbach permanent magnet array.

4. The efficient hybrid flywheel battery of claim 1, wherein: the stator radial magnetic ring (3) and the rotor radial magnetic ring (5) are radially magnetized.

5. The efficient hybrid flywheel battery of claim 1, wherein: the stator radial magnetic ring (3) and the rotor radial magnetic ring (5) are formed by combining a plurality of corresponding magnetic rings with mutually repellent polarities.

6. The efficient hybrid flywheel battery of claim 1, wherein: protective net (17) that high strength material constitutes are enclosed to flywheel casing (23) outside, and protective net upper plate (25) are connected on protective net (17) upper portion, and protective net upper plate (25) link to each other with flywheel casing (23) upper portion through 4 damping extension springs (16) of organizing, and protective net (17) sub-unit connection protective net bottom plate (22), and protective net bottom plate (22) link to each other with flywheel casing (23) lower part through 4 damping spring (19) down.

7. The efficient hybrid flywheel battery of claim 1, wherein: the stator shaft (1) is internally provided with a cooling oil channel which is communicated with an upper auxiliary bearing (9), a lower auxiliary bearing (12), a stator radial magnetic ring (3) and a stator axial magnetic ring (4) and is communicated with a cooling oil channel of the flywheel shell (23).