CN211402911U - Large-zoom-ratio optical passive semi-athermal zoom optical system - Google Patents
Large-zoom-ratio optical passive semi-athermal zoom optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN211402911U CN211402911U CN201922405249.1U CN201922405249U CN211402911U CN 211402911 U CN211402911 U CN 211402911U CN 201922405249 U CN201922405249 U CN 201922405249U CN 211402911 U CN211402911 U CN 211402911U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of photoelectric imaging, specifically provide a passive semi-athermalization optical system that zooms of big zoom ratio optics, this optical system has set gradually preceding focusing group, zoom group, compensation group, after-fixing group and light filter along the optical axis from left to right respectively. The left side of the front focusing group is an object plane, and the right side of the optical filter is an image plane; continuous zooming and compensation are realized through the front and back relative motion of the zooming group and the compensation group in the optical axis direction; the front focusing group can move left and right along the optical axis to realize the focusing function; namely, a front group focusing mode is adopted to realize focusing and compensate the defocusing amount of the image surface temperature. Except the characteristics of long focal length, large zoom ratio, quite compact structure, excellent imaging and the like, the short focus of the zoom system is in athermal design, the problem that the traditional zoom system cannot achieve consistent and clear imaging in the whole zoom process and needs frequent and multiple focusing when the ambient temperature changes is solved, the operation and the use of a user are facilitated, the focusing amount is greatly reduced, and the fast focusing is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the optoelectronic imaging, a compact, big zoom ratio, optics are passive partly do not have the athermalization optical system that zooms in succession.
Background
With the development of modern society and the progress of science and technology, the continuous zooming optical system has been widely applied to various aspects of life, such as the fields of security, monitoring, skynet, traffic, safety production, forest fire prevention and the like. People have higher and higher requirements and expectations for zoom lenses, and not only are the zoom lenses far seen and clear seen, but also the zoom lenses have the functions and performances of large zoom ratio, compact structure, small size, convenient use and the like.
The application of the zoom lens has been in history for decades, but the traditional large zoom ratio long-focus zoom system is large in size, more importantly, when the environmental temperature of the traditional zoom system changes, the whole zoom process cannot be consistent and clear to image, and frequent and multiple focusing is needed, so that the operation and use of a user are not facilitated, and the requirement that the zoom system is too large in focusing amount and cannot realize quick focusing is caused.
The optical passive athermal zoom system can solve the problem, but the design difficulty is high, the design is complex, the number of lenses is large, and the structure of the optical system is very complex. Compared with a common zoom system, the external dimension, volume and weight of the zoom system are increased sharply, and the zoom system cannot be designed to be compact and miniaturized.
In view of the not enough of above technique, the utility model provides a big zoom ratio optics is half passive athermalization optical system that zooms, except having long focal length, big zoom ratio, the structure is fairly compact, characteristics such as formation of image good, zoom system short focal is for not having the athermalization design, when traditional zoom system has been overcome ambient temperature and has changed, zoom whole unable unanimous clear imaging, need frequent many times focusing's problem, user operation and use both facilitate, greatly reduce the focusing volume again, be favorable to focusing fast.
The design idea of the patent is not reported in literature data at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a passive semi-athermalization optical system that zooms of big zoom ratio optics, except having long focal length, big zoom ratio, the structure is fairly compact, characteristics such as formation of image is good, the short burnt design that does not have the thermalization of zoom system, traditional zoom system has been overcome when ambient temperature changes, the whole unanimous clear imaging of whole journey of zooming, the problem of frequent many times focusing that needs, both convenient user operation and use, greatly reduce the focusing volume again, be favorable to focusing fast.
In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be:
an optical passive semi-athermal zoom optical system with large zoom ratio is characterized in that: the front focusing group, the zooming group, the compensation group, the rear fixing group and the optical filter are sequentially arranged from left to right along the optical axis. The left side of the front focusing group is an object plane, and the right side of the optical filter is an image plane; continuous zooming and compensation are realized through the front and back relative motion of the zooming group and the compensation group in the optical axis direction; the front focusing group can move left and right along the optical axis to realize the focusing function; namely, a front group focusing mode is adopted to realize focusing and compensate the defocusing amount of the image surface temperature.
The front focusing group consists of three lenses, namely a first negative lens with a concave surface facing the optical filter, a first biconvex positive lens and a first positive lens with a concave surface facing the optical filter from left to right in sequence;
the zoom group consists of three lenses, and a first cemented lens group, a second plano-concave negative lens and a third plano-concave negative lens are arranged from left to right in sequence; the first cemented lens group consists of a biconvex positive lens and a biconcave negative lens from left to right; the bending direction of the gluing surface of the first gluing lens group deviates from the optical filter;
the compensation group consists of two lenses, and a second biconvex positive lens and a second cemented lens group are sequentially arranged from left to right; a diaphragm is fixedly arranged on the front surface of the second biconvex positive lens; the second cemented lens group consists of a biconvex positive lens and a plano-concave negative lens from left to right; the bending direction of the gluing surface of the second gluing lens group faces to the diaphragm;
the rear fixing group consists of four lenses, and a fourth plano-concave negative lens, a second positive lens with the bending direction deviating from the diaphragm, a third cemented lens group and a third biconvex positive lens are sequentially arranged from left to right. The third cemented lens group consists of a biconvex positive lens and a biconcave negative lens from left to right; the bending direction of the gluing surface of the third gluing lens group faces to the diaphragm.
Furthermore, the filter can be a reflection type filter or an absorption type filter, and the interference of stray light possibly generated by the filter is reduced while the required spectrum transmission range is ensured.
Furthermore, the air interval between the front focusing group and the zooming group is 5.94-163.65 mm; the air interval between the zooming group and the compensation group is 232.49 mm-2 mm; the air interval between the compensation group and the rear fixed group is 0.72 mm-73.49 mm; the air gap between the rear set and the filter was 5 mm.
Further, the optical powers of the optical system groups satisfy the following conditions:
3≤∣fL/f1∣≤4
20≤∣fL/f2∣≤30
10≤∣fL/f3∣≤20
10≤∣fL/f4∣≤20
5≤∣fL/f5∣≤10
in the formula: f1 is the focal length of the front focusing group, f2 is the focal length of the variable power group, f3 is the focal length of the compensation group, f4 is the focal length of the rear fixed group, and fL is the focal length of the long focus of the optical system.
Further, the first biconvex positive lens and the first positive lens with the concave surface facing to the diaphragm of the front focusing group are made of ultra-low dispersion glass HFK61 material; the influence of the front focusing group on the chromatic aberration of the long focus end is effectively reduced, and the secondary spectrum of the optical system is reduced.
Further, the material of the optical filter is optical colored glass QB21 or K9 optical glass plated with an infrared cut-off film.
Further, the following conditions are also required:
(1) the short focus of the zoom system is optical passive athermalization, and is insensitive to the change of the ambient temperature;
(2) the zoom system is a floating aperture; the size of the diaphragm is unchanged in the whole zooming process, and the diaphragm changes along with the focal length;
(3) the zoom system must be designed to meet the root changing condition;
compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:
1. the utility model discloses the passive semi-athermal zoom optical system of big zoom ratio optics adopts positive group's compensation structural style, passive semi-athermal design, the light ring that floats, full sphere lens, and the zoom in-process trades the design thinking of root. The system has the advantages of large zoom ratio, quite compact structure, excellent imaging and the like, and overcomes the problems that the traditional zoom system cannot realize consistent and clear imaging in the whole zooming process and needs frequent and multiple focusing when the ambient temperature changes due to the short-focus passive athermalization design. The zoom system can ensure that the whole process from long focus to short focus zooming is consistent and clear in imaging only by focusing at the long focus position once at any temperature within the working temperature range, and the intermediate process does not need to be focused again, so that the zoom system is convenient for users to operate and use, greatly reduces the focusing amount, and is favorable for quick focusing.
2. The utility model discloses fully consider requirements such as tolerance, material, processing, centering, the manufacturing performance is good.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention in a short focal length position, with a focal length of 30 mm;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the embodiment of the present invention at the middle focal length position, where the focal length is 450 mm;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the embodiment of the present invention in a long focal length position, with a focal length of 1000 mm;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the transfer function (spatial frequency 901p/mm) in the short focus state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the transfer function (spatial frequency 901p/mm) in the mid-focus state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a graph of the transfer function (spatial frequency 901p/mm) in the tele state according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings are explained as follows:
1-front focusing group, 101-first negative lens, 102-first biconvex positive lens, 103-first positive lens;
2-zoom group, 201-first cemented lens group, 202-second plano-concave negative lens, 203-third plano-concave negative lens;
3-compensation group, 301-second biconvex positive lens, 302-second cemented lens group;
4-rear fixed group, 401-fourth plano-concave negative lens, 402-second positive lens, 403-third cemented lens group, 404-third biconvex positive lens;
5-an optical filter;
6-image plane.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the large zoom ratio optical passive semi-athermal zoom optical system disclosed in this embodiment includes a front focusing set 1, a zoom set 2, a compensation set 3, a rear fixing set 4 and an optical filter 5 coaxially disposed in sequence from left to right along an optical axis; the filter 5 is an absorption filter. In other embodiments, the filter may be a reflective filter, so as to reduce the stray light interference that may be generated by the filter while ensuring the required spectral transmission range.
The left side of the front focusing group 1 is an object plane, and the right side of the optical filter 5 is an image plane 6; continuous zooming and compensation are realized through the front and back relative motion of the zooming group 2 and the compensation group 3 in the optical axis direction; as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the optical system in the short focal length position, fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the optical system in the intermediate focal state position, and fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the optical system in the long focal position.
The front focusing group 1 consists of three lenses, namely a first negative lens 101 with a concave surface facing the optical filter 5, a first biconvex positive lens 102 and a first positive lens 103 with a bending direction facing the optical filter 5 from left to right in sequence; the front focusing group 1 can integrally move left and right along the optical axis. The focusing amount is-0.56 mm- +0.82mm, and the requirement of clear imaging at-40 ℃ to +60 ℃ can be met (the plus represents that the focusing group is close to the image surface).
The zoom group 2 consists of three lenses, namely a first cemented lens group 201, a second plano-concave negative lens 202 and a third plano-concave negative lens 203 from left to right in sequence; the first cemented lens group 201 is composed of a biconvex positive lens and a biconcave negative lens from left to right; the bending direction of the bonding surface of the first bonding lens group 201 deviates from the optical filter 5.
The compensation group 3 consists of two lenses, namely a second biconvex positive lens 301 and a second cemented lens group 302 from left to right in sequence; a diaphragm is fixedly arranged on the front surface of the second biconvex positive lens 301, and moves along with the compensation group during zooming; the second cemented lens group 302 is composed of a biconvex positive lens and a plano-concave negative lens from left to right; the bending direction of the cemented surface of the second cemented lens group 302 faces the diaphragm.
The rear fixed group 4 is composed of four lenses, and sequentially from left to right, a fourth plano-concave negative lens 401, a second positive lens 402 with a bending direction deviating from the diaphragm, a third cemented lens group 403, and a third biconvex positive lens 404. The third cemented lens group 403 is composed of a biconvex positive lens and a biconcave negative lens from left to right; the third cemented lens group 403 has its cemented surface curved toward the stop.
The optical filter 5 is positioned between the rear fixed group 4 and the image plane 6, is made of optical colored glass QB21, and has a spectral transmission range of 486 nm-650 nm. In other embodiments, the material of the optical filter can also be K9 optical glass coated with an infrared cut-off film.
The first biconvex positive lens 102 of the front focusing group 1 and the first positive lens 103 with the concave surface facing the filter respectively adopt ultra-low dispersion glass HFK 61; the influence of the front focusing group on the chromatic aberration of the long focus end is effectively reduced, and the secondary spectrum of the optical system is reduced.
The air interval between the front focusing group 1 and the zooming group 2 is 5.94-163.65 mm; the air interval between the zoom group 2 and the compensation group 3 is 232.49 mm-2 mm; the air interval between the compensation group 3 and the rear fixed group 4 is 0.72 mm-73.49 mm; the air gap between the rear set 4 and the filter 5 is 5 mm.
The focal power of each group of the optical system meets the following conditions:
∣fL/f1∣＝3.4，∣fL/f2∣＝23.6，∣fL/f3∣＝15，∣fL/f4∣＝6.7
in the formula: f1 is the focal length of the front focusing group, f2 is the focal length of the variable power group, f3 is the focal length of the compensation group, f4 is the focal length of the rear fixed group, and fL is the focal length of the long focus of the optical system.
The variable focal length optical system in the embodiment also satisfies the following conditions:
(1) the short focus of the zoom system is optical passive athermalization, and is insensitive to the change of the ambient temperature;
in the embodiment, the working temperature range of the optical system is-40 ℃ to +60 ℃, the structural members of the zoom system are made of aluminum alloy LY12, and the short-focus defocusing amount (non-focusing) at the working temperature is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 short-focus defocus (unit: mm)
In the embodiment, the defocusing amount of the short-focus position is far less than the half-focus depth of the optical system and is 0.024mm, the short-focus imaging quality of the zooming system is insensitive to temperature, and the focusing of the short-focus position is not needed at the ambient temperature of-40 ℃ to +60 ℃.
(2) The numerical value of the aperture of the zoom system can be changed within a certain range, and the floating aperture is beneficial to realizing the miniaturization of the system; in the present embodiment, the variation range of F number is 4.4-8;
(3) the zoom system must be designed to meet the root changing condition;
in this embodiment, the optical system realizes root changing at a focal length of 450mm, and meets the root changing condition of the positive group compensation system, that is, when the magnification of the zoom group is-1, the magnification of the compensation group is also-1.
The zoom system of the present embodiment is a positive compensation structure, and adopts an optical passive semi-athermal design, a floating aperture, a full spherical lens, and a design idea of changing roots in the zooming process. The short focus of the zoom system is insensitive to temperature change, the optical system has a spectral range of 0.486-0.656 um, a focal length can be continuously changed at 30-1000 mm, the image plane size phi 14mm, the detector pixel size 5.5um multiplied by 5.5um, the F number is 4.4-8, the field angle is 0.78-25.9 degrees, the system length is only 460mm (to the image plane), the system telephoto ratio (the ratio of the length to the system focal length) is 0.46, the system imaging is excellent, and the structure is quite compact.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all the equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An optical passive semi-athermal zoom optical system with large zoom ratio is characterized in that: the optical zoom lens comprises a front focusing group (1), a zoom group (2), a compensation group (3), a rear fixing group (4) and an optical filter (5) which are sequentially arranged from left to right along an optical axis; the left side of the front focusing group (1) is an object plane, and the right side of the optical filter (5) is an image plane; continuous zooming and compensation are realized through the front and back relative motion of the zoom group (2) and the compensation group (3) in the optical axis direction; the front focusing group (1) can move left and right along an optical axis to realize focusing and compensate the defocusing amount of the image surface temperature;
the front focusing group (1) comprises a first negative lens (101) with a concave surface facing the optical filter (5), a first double convex positive lens (102) and a first positive lens (103) with a bending direction facing the optical filter, which are arranged in sequence from left to right;
the zoom group (2) comprises a first cemented lens group (201), a second plano-concave negative lens (202) and a third plano-concave negative lens (203) which are arranged in sequence from left to right; the first cemented lens group (201) is composed of a biconvex positive lens and a biconcave negative lens from left to right; the bending direction of the gluing surface of the first gluing lens group (201) deviates from the optical filter (5);
the compensation group (3) comprises a second biconvex positive lens (301) and a second cemented lens group (302) which are sequentially arranged from left to right; a diaphragm is fixedly arranged on the front surface of the second biconvex positive lens (301); the second cemented lens group (302) is composed of a biconvex positive lens and a plano-concave negative lens from left to right; the bending direction of the gluing surface of the second gluing lens group (302) faces to the diaphragm;
the rear fixed group (4) comprises a fourth plano-concave negative lens (401), a second positive lens (402) with the bending direction deviating from the diaphragm, a third cemented lens group (403) and a third biconvex positive lens (404) which are sequentially arranged from left to right; the third cemented lens group (403) is composed of a biconvex positive lens and a biconcave negative lens from left to right; the bending direction of the gluing surface of the third gluing lens group (403) faces to the diaphragm.
2. The large zoom ratio optically passive semi-athermal zoom optical system of claim 1, wherein: the optical filter (5) is a reflection type optical filter or an absorption type optical filter.
3. The large zoom ratio optically passive semi-athermal zoom optical system of claim 2, wherein: the air interval between the front focusing group (1) and the zooming group (2) is 5.94-163.65 mm; the air interval between the zooming group (2) and the compensation group (3) is 232.49 mm-2 mm; the air interval between the compensation group (3) and the rear fixed group (4) is 0.72-73.49 mm; the air space between the rear fixed group (4) and the filter (5) is 5 mm.
4. The large zoom ratio optically passive semi-athermal zoom optical system of claim 3, wherein: the focal power of each group of the optical system meets the following conditions:
3≤∣fL/f1∣≤4；20≤∣fL/f2∣≤30；10≤∣fL/f3∣≤20；10≤∣fL/f4∣≤205≤∣fL/f5∣≤10；
in the formula: f1 is the focal length of the front focusing group, f2 is the focal length of the zoom group, f3 is the focal length of the compensation group, f4 is the focal length of the rear fixed group, and fL is the telephoto focal length of the optical system.
5. The large zoom ratio optically passive semi-athermal zoom optical system of claim 4, wherein: the first double convex positive lens (102) and the first positive lens (103) of the front focusing group (1) are made of ultra-low dispersion glass HFK61 material.
6. The large zoom ratio optically passive semi-athermal zoom optical system of claim 5, wherein: the material of the filter (5) is optical colored glass QB21 or K9 optical glass plated with an infrared cut-off film.
7. The large zoom ratio optically passive semi-athermal zoom optical system of any of claims 1-6, wherein: the aperture of the diaphragm is unchanged, and the position of the diaphragm moves along with the compensation group (3), so that the aperture value of the zoom optical system changes in a certain range.
8. The large zoom ratio optically passive semi-athermal zoom optical system of claim 7, wherein: the short focus of the zoom optical system is optical passive athermalization.
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| CN110989150A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-10 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Large-zoom-ratio optical passive semi-athermal zoom optical system |
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| CN110989150A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-10 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Large-zoom-ratio optical passive semi-athermal zoom optical system |
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