CN211401310U

CN211401310U - Home-use air quality test and early warning device

Info

Publication number: CN211401310U
Application number: CN202020468905.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 樊龙辉; 刘瑞涛
Original assignee: Shijiazhuang Suin Instruments Co ltd
Current assignee: Shijiazhuang Suin Instruments Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-02
Filing date: 2020-04-02
Publication date: 2020-09-01
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-02

Abstract

The utility model provides a home-use air quality test and early warning device. The device comprises a controller, a dust sensor, a VOC (volatile organic compound) harmful gas sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an early warning module, a display module, an input module, an interface circuit and the like, wherein the dust sensor, the VOC harmful gas sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor, the early warning module, the display module, the input module and the interface circuit are connected with the controller; the sensors collect digital or analog signals and transmit the digital or analog signals to the controller, the controller performs operation processing on the received signals, and the display module performs data display on the concentration of VOC (volatile organic compound) harmful gas, the concentration of dust, the temperature and the humidity; the early warning module can perform acousto-optic early warning when the air quality is abnormal; people can set an early warning value through the input module; the measuring data can be transmitted to a computer or a mobile phone and other mobile terminals in time through the interface circuit. The utility model discloses function imperfection scheduling problem has improved the convenience and the practicality of product in having solved current product well.

Description

Home-use air quality test and early warning device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the relevant technique of intelligence house and specifically relates to a home-use air quality test and early warning device.

Background

Today, smart cities, smart homes, smart robots and other related industries develop fiercely, smart homes become the development trend of future home life, and more people put forward higher requirements on smart home terminal equipment in the process of home decoration. Most of the existing products are used for detecting temperature and humidity or only detecting PM2.5 numerical values or contents of harmful gases such as formaldehyde and the like in the air. It is rare to concentrate detection and early warning of temperature and humidity, PM2.5 concentration, chemical harmful gas concentration and the like in one product, and detected data cannot be transmitted to a mobile phone or a network in time, which brings inconvenience to users in the processes of selection, installation, maintenance, improvement and the like.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a home-use air quality test and early warning device to solve current house air quality and detect inaccurate, not comprehensive, no early warning scheduling problem.

The utility model discloses a realize like this: a home-use air quality testing and early warning device, includes:

the dust sensor is connected with the controller and used for detecting the dust concentration in the air and sending the detected analog signal to the controller;

the VOC harmful gas sensor is connected with the controller and used for detecting the concentration of harmful gas in the air and sending a detected voltage signal to the controller;

the temperature and humidity sensor is connected with the controller and used for detecting temperature and humidity and sending detected data information to the controller;

the controller is respectively connected with the dust sensor, the VOC harmful gas sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor, the early warning module, the interface circuit, the display module and the input module, and is used for receiving signals from the dust sensor, the VOC harmful gas sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor, analyzing, processing and calibrating the signals, controlling the display module to display the dust concentration, the harmful gas concentration and the temperature and humidity, and simultaneously controlling the action of the early warning module;

the display module is connected with the controller and used for displaying the dust concentration, the VOC harmful gas concentration and the temperature and humidity under the control of the controller;

the early warning module is connected with the controller and is used for sending out an acousto-optic early warning signal under the control of the controller;

the interface circuit is connected with the controller and is used for transmitting the data analyzed, processed and calibrated by the controller to the mobile terminal;

the input module is connected with the controller and used for realizing data input;

and the power supply module is used for providing working voltage for the modules, the devices and the circuits.

Preferably, the utility model provides a home-use air quality test and early warning device still include with the clock crystal oscillator that the controller meets, clock crystal oscillator serial number are Y101, and the frequency is 32.768kHz, through clock crystal oscillator can for the controller provides real-time clock signal.

Preferably, the display module and the input module are connected to the controller through a driving circuit, the driving circuit includes an integrated circuit TM1628, and the integrated circuit TM1628 is an LED driving control circuit with a keyboard scanning interface.

Preferably, the controller is STM32F103R8T6, the dust sensor is GP2Y1010AU0F, the temperature and humidity sensor is SHT11, and the VOC harmful gas sensor is KQ-2801.

Preferably, the early warning module comprises an LED indicator light and a buzzer; the LED indicator lights are divided into three groups, and can respectively display red, yellow and green.

The utility model discloses test out information such as dust concentration (including PM2.5 concentration), VOC harmful gas concentration, temperature and humidity, show in display module to add early warning module in the device, can set up the early warning value through input module, in time convey computer or cell-phone to data through interface circuit, fine solution the problem in the current product, improved the practicality and the convenience of product.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the main circuit board of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a working principle diagram of the middle dust sensor of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a working schematic diagram of the medium temperature and humidity sensor of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a working principle diagram of the VOC harmful gas sensor of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the controller of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the display and driving circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a working principle diagram of the middle early warning module of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a working schematic diagram of the middle power module of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a controller; 2. a clock crystal oscillator; 3. a temperature and humidity sensor; 4. a VOC harmful gas sensor; 5. a dust sensor; 6. an early warning module; 7. an interface circuit; 8. a drive circuit; 9. a display module; 10. an input module; 11. and a power supply module.

Detailed Description

According to the requirements of smart homes, the analysis of indoor air quality comprises daily temperature and humidity measurement, measurement of harmful gases such as ammonia gas, hydrogen gas, alcohol, carbon monoxide, methane, formaldehyde, propane, sweet alkane, styrene, propylene glycol, phenol, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene and other organic volatile gases harmful to human bodies, measurement items such as PM2.5 dust concentration and the like, through which the air quality of the home environment can be known in time, and important data reference and basis can be provided for families to eliminate initial fire, natural gas leakage and the like.

The utility model provides a home-use air quality test and early warning device includes box, AC/DC adapter and main circuit board, as shown in fig. 1, main circuit board specifically includes: the device comprises a controller 1, a clock crystal oscillator 2, a temperature and humidity sensor 3, a VOC (volatile organic compound) harmful gas sensor 4, a dust sensor 5, an early warning module 6, an interface circuit 7, a driving circuit 8, a display module 9, an input module 10 and a power module 11.

The utility model discloses main circuit board overall structure is compact, small, with low costs, the interface is simple, have the LED display screen, can show current air quality parameter value in real time, through interface circuit 7 connectable to Internet on, convenient long-range supervision and control.

The display module 9 and the input module 10 are arranged on the front surface of the main circuit board, and the input module 10 comprises four keys in the embodiment; the display module 9 comprises four LED nixie tubes which are respectively used for displaying time/VOC harmful gas concentration, dust concentration, humidity concentration and temperature value; the LED nixie tube for displaying time/VOC harmful gas concentration can realize the switching between time display and VOC display through key switching. Nine LED indicating lamps are further arranged on the front face of the main circuit board and are divided into three groups, one group of the nine LED indicating lamps can display green, and the other two groups of the nine LED indicating lamps can display yellow and red respectively. Under different conditions, the controller 1 controls different groups of LED indicator lamps to display light so as to show early warning.

Two rectangular integrated circuits TM1628 are arranged on the back surface of the main circuit board and in the middle-upper position, and are used as drivers of the LED display; the lower middle position is provided with a square integrated circuit STM32 controller, the right side is provided with a VOC harmful gas sensor 4, a temperature and humidity sensor 3, a dust sensor 5 and the like from top to bottom in sequence, and the left lower side is provided with a power module 11 and the like. And a buzzer is also arranged on the back surface of the main circuit board. The buzzer and the LED indicator lamp together form an early warning module 6.

In this embodiment, the controller 1 adopts STM32F103R8T6, which is a control core, the dust sensor 5, the VOC harmful gas sensor 4, the temperature and humidity sensor 3, and the like collect analog or digital signals, the signals collected by these sensors are transmitted to the controller 1, and are subjected to a/D conversion or directly used as raw data of air quality, and the controller 1 analyzes, processes and calibrates these raw data; the controller 1 controls the LED indicator light and the buzzer to act as the early warning module 6. When the air quality changes, reminding is carried out through different light-emitting colors of the LED indicating lamps; when the concentration of VOC harmful gas and dust in the air changes greatly, a buzzer is started to warn disaster; the controller 1 outputs data to the display module 9, and the LED nixie tube displays the dust concentration, VOC harmful gas concentration, temperature and humidity and the like of the current air for daily observation; the controller 1 is connected with a network through an interface circuit 7, and transmits test data to other systems in time to serve as the basis for improving indoor air quality or judging initial disasters.

As shown in fig. 2, CG2 is a dust sensor with model number GP2Y1010AU0F, infrared light emitting tubes and phototransistors are distributed in the sensor in pairs of angles, the sensor works by using the photosensitive principle, can measure PM2.5 dust concentration and other large-particle dust, and judges the particle concentration by the output pulse height. In the figure, a resistor R33 is a current-limiting resistor, a triode Q11 adopts a resistor C1815 to increase the driving capability of a pin 3 of the dust sensor, power supply voltage provides voltage for an internal luminous tube of the dust sensor through a resistor R30, an electrolytic capacitor C6 stores electric energy to keep the voltage of the pin 1 of the dust sensor stable, the pin 5 of the dust sensor outputs pulse voltage in direct proportion to dust concentration, the resistor R31 and a resistor R32 are voltage-dividing resistors, and a proper voltage range is provided for an A/D input end of an STM32 controller.

As shown in fig. 3, CG1 is a temperature and humidity sensor, model SHT11, which is a temperature and humidity composite sensor with calibrated digital signal output. The sensor comprises a resistance type humidity sensing element and an NTC temperature measuring element, and is connected with a high-performance 8-bit singlechip. Each SHT11 sensor was calibrated in an extremely accurate humidity verification chamber. The calibration coefficients are stored in the OTP memory in the form of a program. Error of 0.5 ℃ at around 20 ℃ and humidity error + -3% RH. The sensor is powered by +3.3V, so that the output data level of the sensor is compatible with the data level of an STM32 controller, a pin 2 is a data output pin and is connected to an I/O port of an STM32 controller, a resistor R1 is a pull-up resistor, and the data end is kept at a high level in an idle state; pin 3 is empty and pin 4 is grounded.

As shown in fig. 4, CG3 is a VOC harmful gas sensor, model KQ-2801, which is a broad spectrum gas sensor sensitive to many trace reducing gases (or slightly toxic gas molecules), such as ammonia, hydrogen, alcohol, carbon monoxide, methane, formaldehyde, propane, glycerol, styrene, propylene glycol, phenol, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and other organic volatile gases, as well as wood, paper combustion smoke, etc. In fig. 4, pin 1 of the sensor is a 5V internal heating terminal, pin 2 is ground, pin 3 is a sensor power supply terminal, pin 4 is a sensor analog voltage output terminal, resistor R38 and potentiometer RP1 are load resistors, the output accuracy of the gas sensor can be calibrated by adjusting the resistor of potentiometer RP1, and resistor R39 and resistor R40 are voltage dividing resistors, and an appropriate voltage range is provided for the a/D input terminal of the STM32 controller. The output signal of the VOC harmful gas sensor is analog voltage, and is connected to the A/D analog signal input end of an STM32 controller, the output analog voltage is in direct proportion to the concentration of harmful gas in the air, and the controller converts the analog voltage into a digital signal after starting A/D conversion to serve as the original data of the harmful gas.

As shown in fig. 5, U1 is a controller, which is of the model STM32F103R8T6, is externally connected to an 8MHz crystal, and internally frequency-doubled by 9 times to realize main frequency 72MHz operation, and the calibration of an integrated circuit U6 (of the model AT24C 02) is used for storing nonvolatile data, which mainly includes an operation mode and storage of calibration data. The real-time clock crystal oscillator Y101 adopts 32.768kHz, and outputs 1s clock signal for the real-time clock after 2 times of frequency division in the controller. Socket J1 is a programming and emulation port for controller U1. Socket J4 is a serial interface circuit that connects to the network by connecting to an external serial-to-network interface.

As shown in fig. 6, U3 and fig. 4 are driving circuits, which are integrated circuit TM1628, which is a special circuit for LED driving control with keyboard scanning interface, supports 7-bit LED nixie tube at most, has 8 levels of brightness adjustment, and communicates with the controller through serial interface (CLK, STB, DIO). In this embodiment, the driving circuit U3 for formaldehyde concentration/time display and PM2.5 display, and the driving circuit U4 for temperature and humidity display and key driving are designed.

As shown in fig. 7, nine light emitting diodes are shown, and one light emitting diode is an LED indicator light. The nine light-emitting diodes are divided into three groups, each group of three light-emitting diodes is driven by one triode, the three triodes are respectively Q2, Q3 and Q4, the triode Q2 drives three red light-emitting diodes, the triode Q3 drives three yellow light-emitting diodes, and the triode Q4 drives three green light-emitting diodes. When the air quality is excellent or good, the triode Q4 works to drive the LED indicator lamp (corresponding to the light emitting diode D4/D7/D10) to display green; when the air quality is light pollution or moderate pollution, the triode Q3 works to drive the LED indicator lamp (corresponding to the light emitting diode D3/D6/D9) to display yellow; when the air quality is heavily polluted or explodes, the triode Q2 works to drive the LED indicator lamp (corresponding to the light emitting diode D2/D5/D8) to display red; the controller outputs a control signal, and the buzzer is driven to make a sound after the control signal is amplified by the triode so as to realize sound alarm.

As shown in fig. 8, the device uses alternating current 220V to provide electric energy, outputs direct current voltage of 7V/1A through an AC/DC adapter, and after the direct current voltage enters a main circuit board, outputs 5V voltage through three-terminal regulator U5 for 5V system use, including dust sensor, VOC harmful gas sensor and display module; the direct current 5V voltage is regulated by a three-terminal regulator U2 to output 3.3V direct current voltage for a controller, a memory, a temperature and humidity sensor and the like.

In order to detect the working condition and the measurement result of the device, the inventor writes a test program by using a KEIL UV5 programming environment, and debugs and measures the test program, so that the dust concentration, the VOC harmful gas concentration and the temperature and humidity can be accurately displayed and are consistent with the expected result. In the test process, the display values of the temperature and the humidity are basically consistent by comparing with other equipment; then a small amount of smoke generated by the ignited cigarette or paper strip passes through a ventilation opening of the dust sensor, the dust concentration value is immediately increased upwards, and the value is restored to be close to the original value after the smoke disappears; similarly, the bottle mouth of volatile harmful gas such as alcohol is opened, and after the volatile harmful gas is sprayed on the ground in a small amount, the display numerical value of the concentration of the VOC harmful gas is also obviously increased upwards, and practices prove that the device designed at this time is good in working state, and an intuitive air quality testing effect is obtained.

The purpose of intelligent house construction itself is exactly for providing safe, comfortable, convenient living environment for people, but because present intelligent home systems shows many weak points in a plurality of aspects, the utility model discloses a test of air quality and early warning module's design in the family can play the promotion effect of certain degree to the development of intelligent house. The multifunctional single chip microcomputer control technology, the multi-type sensors and the interface technology applied by the scheme are fully integrated into the intelligent home system, so that a larger intelligent system platform is formed.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a home-use air quality test and early warning device, characterized by includes:

2. The home air quality testing and early warning device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the display module and the input module are connected to the controller through a driving circuit, the driving circuit comprises an integrated circuit TM1628, and the integrated circuit TM1628 is an LED driving control circuit with a keyboard scanning interface.

3. The home air quality testing and early warning device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a clock crystal oscillator connected with the controller, wherein the number of the clock crystal oscillator is Y101, the frequency is 32.768kHz, and a real-time clock is provided for the controller through the clock crystal oscillator.

4. The home air quality testing and early warning device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is STM32F103R8T6, the dust sensor is GP2Y1010AU0F, the temperature and humidity sensor is SHT11, and the VOC harmful gas sensor is KQ-2801.

5. The home air quality testing and early warning device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the early warning module comprises an LED indicator light and a buzzer; the LED indicator lights are divided into three groups, and can respectively display red, yellow and green.