CN211394833U

CN211394833U - Functional fabric with different heat and moisture transfer characteristics on two sides

Info

Publication number: CN211394833U
Application number: CN201920407726.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何贤德; 胡军岩; 陈长荣
Original assignee: Best Pacific Textile Ltd
Current assignee: Best Pacific Textile Ltd
Priority date: 2019-03-28
Filing date: 2019-03-28
Publication date: 2020-09-01
Anticipated expiration: 2029-03-28

Abstract

The utility model relates to a functional fabric with two-sided heat and moisture transfer characteristic difference, which is characterized in that the functional fabric comprises two physical surfaces FU and FB with different porosities, wherein the porosity of FU is PFU, the porosity of FB is PFB, and PFU is PFB > 1.5; the contact angle of the yarn contained in FU is theta u, the contact angle of the yarn contained in FB is theta b, and theta u < ═ theta b; from FB to FU, the functional fabric has the performances of low thermal resistance, fast perspiration and high air permeability, and from FU to FB, the functional fabric has the performances of high thermal resistance, low hydrophobicity and low air permeability.

Description

Functional fabric with different heat and moisture transfer characteristics on two sides

Technical Field

The invention relates to a functional fabric with difference of heat and moisture transfer characteristics of two sides, in particular to a functional knitted fabric which is formed by weaving and post-processing a special structure and special yarns on a double-sided knitting machine.

Background

Modern people's lifestyle is more and more focused on the balance of work and life and on the health of all aspects of physical and mental health. The level of metabolic rate is also frequently changed throughout daily life, and people who shift their moon or benefit from traffic may also encounter large changes in temperature difference between morning and evening or environmental temperature changes caused by the shift over a large geographical area on the same day. Therefore, the higher the demand of modern consumers for garments, the more the garments are required to be able to adapt to the complex and varied working conditions and environments.

Knitted fabrics have been widely used as materials for sportswear and work clothes due to their elasticity, softness and lightness. For example, the clothes need to have certain warmth retention property when going out for morning and morning or working, the outdoor temperature is lower at the moment, the human body can sweat and generate heat along with the increase of the metabolism rate and the accumulation of the heat of the human body at the middle and later stages of sports, and the clothes need to have the characteristics of coolness and quick perspiration and dryness at the moment, but the clothes are easy to catch a cold when being taken off. Therefore, fabrics with different heat and moisture conducting functions have been an important field of research in the industry.

The traditional fabric generally subdivides the requirement into a plurality of types such as warm-keeping fabric, cool fabric, moisture-absorption heating fabric, moisture-absorption sweat-releasing fabric and the like. The approaches for achieving the warm-keeping function generally include: the grey cloth is woven by adopting a velvet super-thick warm-keeping polyester cotton warp and weft knitting process, and a warm-keeping air layer is formed between clothes and skin by shearing, so that the warm-keeping effect is achieved; or the fabric is produced by high count yarn and high needle number, and the high-quality clothing effect is provided by utilizing the softness and the moisture absorption and the air permeability of the superfine fiber fabric; meanwhile, the product utilizes the moisture absorption and heat emission of materials or adds nano materials in the fibers to change the thermal conductivity of the fibers or the infrared reflection characteristic of the fabric so as to increase or reduce the heat dissipation of the fabric; some researches are made to utilize the heat absorption and release functions of the phase-change material to achieve the corresponding intelligent temperature regulation effect. In addition to the development of cool fabrics, which add nano materials to fiber materials to improve the thermal conductivity of fibers or fabrics, the cool fabrics are also developed by changing the wetting characteristics of the fiber surfaces and the cross-sectional shapes of the fibers by chemical or physical methods to achieve the effects of rapid evaporation, improvement of heat dissipation efficiency and reduction of body temperature, and long-lasting cool feeling is expected to be realized.

Through the search of a patent library, a plurality of related patents for the research and development of warm keeping and cool feeling of fabrics are found. For example, chinese patent application CN108691081A, "light-absorbing and heat-insulating knitted fabric" reports that the knitted fabric is formed by interweaving light-absorbing and heat-emitting fibers and heat-insulating fibers, or formed by interweaving light-absorbing and heat-emitting fibers, heat-insulating fibers and other fibers; the light absorption heating fiber is terylene or chinlon containing inorganic heating particles and carbon black particles, and the heat preservation fiber is one or more of polypropylene fiber, modified polypropylene fiber, polyester hollow fiber and modified polyester hollow fiber. For another example, CN106906561A "a light weight heat preservation knitted fabric and its use" discloses a knitted fabric, which has a basis weight of 140-200 g/m2, a bulk of 7.0-15.0 cm3/g, at least one yarn is bulked staple yarn with a bulk of 25.0% or more, and the knitted fabric contains 45 wt% or more of bulked acrylic staple fiber. The fabric which is fluffy and plump and has excellent heat preservation is obtained through the selection of raw materials and the tissue design. For another example, CN108656672A, "an antistatic heat-insulating fabric", CN201810405250, "an antistatic heat-insulating fabric", CN201810658812, "a comfortable antibacterial heat-insulating fabric and its processing technology"; CN 201810456985' a waterproof heat-insulating fabric and a manufacturing method thereof.

CN201810568887 is a cool fabric suitable for summer clothing, which is a network structure with high density like capillaries formed by various fibers, deeply absorbs water molecules into fiber cores, and then compresses the water molecules into fiber gaps of the fabric, and has the advantages of keeping the fabric cool, light, thin, breathable, comfortable to wear and the like.

CN108611746A A preparation technology of cool silk heterochromatic knitted fabric, which prepares silk fabric with cool function by matching and using polyamide fiber, polyester fiber and spandex yarn.

CN108301060A mint extract microcapsule, acrylic fiber, fabric and related preparation method provide mint extract microcapsule, acrylic fiber, fabric and related preparation method. The wall of the microcapsule can protect the loss of the mint extract in the spinning process, the effective components of the mint extract are released by the microcapsule in the fiber through friction, the durable antibacterial cool feeling function is achieved, and the mint concentration in the mint extract microcapsule is high, so that the adding amount of the mint extract microcapsule can be reduced when the mint extract microcapsule is added into acrylic fiber, and the spinning difficulty is reduced.

CN207984210U a one-way moisture-guiding thermoregulation composite fabric includes base cloth layer and moisture-absorbing rapid-drying layer, the one-way moisture-guiding thermoregulation layer is bonded between base cloth layer and moisture-absorbing rapid-drying layer, base cloth layer is interweaved by warp and weft, the warp includes inner layer yarn core and outer layer yarn skin, there is elastic yarn layer between inner layer yarn core and outer layer yarn skin, inner layer yarn core is formed by spirally winding bamboo carbon fiber and thermoregulation fiber, outer layer yarn skin is cotton fiber, moisture-absorbing rapid-drying layer is formed by water-absorbing polyamide fiber.

The CN108085765A temperature-regulating functional fabric and the manufacturing method thereof have the advantages that the temperature-regulating fiber has good functions of absorbing, storing and releasing heat energy, good mechanical strength, stable effect and low cost. In the invention process, no organic or inorganic solvent is used, so that the problem of environmental pollution caused by using the solvent in solution spinning can be avoided, and the problem of the rupture of the phase-change material microcapsule caused by the melt extrusion granulation process of the phase-change material microcapsule and the polymer can also be prevented.

By combining the search of the above patents and documents, the related fabrics achieve the effect of improving the thermal resistance of the fabric to keep warm or the effect of improving the thermal conductivity of the fabric to increase the heat dissipation capacity through different material selection, structural design or post-treatment. The intelligent temperature regulation can be achieved by using the absorption and release of latent heat of the phase-change material. The use of phase change materials, however, has a time to effect and weight constraint on the fabric that limits its range of applications. Further analysis shows that the prior art does not have the thermal resistance when two sides of the same flexible porous fabric are respectively contacted with the same heat source, so that the user can experience warm keeping and cool feeling by combining different motion states and using methods.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a novel sports functional fabric, which has a functional fabric with two different heat and moisture transfer characteristics, wherein one surface has a warm-keeping effect when being a bottom, and the other surface has the effects of accelerating heat dissipation and moisture conduction when being the bottom, so that the body is dry and comfortable.

In order to achieve the effect, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

on a double-sided knitting machine, a spacer fabric structure is adopted, one side (FU) adopts a high porosity structure, the other side (FB) adopts a low porosity structure, the ratio of the two sides of the FU to the PFB (PFU/PFB) is greater than 1.5), and the middle is connected by spacer yarns. For better effect, the contact angle of the yarn used in FU surface is theta u, the contact angle of the yarn used in FB surface is theta b, theta u < theta b. In a word, can lead the FU face with the sweat through the interval yarn when the FB face is the end, the FB face will keep dry and comfortable, thereby wind reaches FB face wind speed through the FU face simultaneously can accelerate to dispel the heat nice and cool, and when the FU face was the end, the air reached the FU face through the FB face can slow down to dispel the heat thereby reaches cold-proof effect.

Meanwhile, in order to better conduct sweat to the outer surface of the fabric, see the prior invention application (receiving case number: 319891246) of the present inventor, the capillary water-conducting capacity of the yarn was calculated and thus was used as one of the yarn selection bases.

According to the Laplace equation for simplifying the meniscus curved surface into a circular tube after simplification

In the formula:

p: represents an additional pressure (Pa);

σ: liquid-gas interfacial tension (N/m), water at 20 ℃ is 0.0725 (N/m);

r: capillary equivalent radius (m);

θ: the solid-liquid contact angle.

Meanwhile, according to Poiseuille' Law, when the capillary is in a horizontal position, although the potential energy difference of an external force field is avoided, the liquid can be automatically guided to flow due to the additional pressure action of the capillary:

in the formula:

q capillary flow (m 3/s);

eta liquid viscosity (Pa.s);

l capillary length (m)

The calculation of the capillary water conductivity of the yarn has therefore been given in the prior patent application by the following formula:

in the formula:

n is the number of capillaries in a single yarn

And C, the data is an empirical parameter and represents the probability that the grooves in the fibers with the heterogeneous cross sections can form effective capillary passages. The parameters are mainly related to various factors influencing the ideal fiber appearance in the fiber and spinning process and the mutual position and tightness between the fibers. According to the practical experience of the inventor, the yarn special-shaped section is clear, regular and uniform in shape, so that the possibility of forming a capillary passage is high; the twisted yarn has a reduced inter-fiber distance and is susceptible to capillary effect. The effective capillary coefficient of the fiber in the yarn ranges from 0.95 to C to 0.35, and the typical parameter C is 0.8. And under the condition that the determination cannot be carried out, the value of 0.8 can be directly taken for approximate calculation. Meaning that about 80% of the grooves form capillary channels.

X is the number of grooves on the filament (fiber), typical fibers such as round X ═ 0; triangle X is 0; y shape

X is 3; form H, X ═ 2; w form X ═ 3; cross X is 4; c-form X-1

F number of yarn filaments (fibers)

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-sided fabric with different heat and moisture transfer characteristics, wherein (A) shows three yarn structures; (B) displaying a FU surface high porosity structure; (C) displaying spacer yarns connecting the two faces; (D) the FB surface is shown to be a low open cell content structure.

FIG. 2 is one of the methods of forming high porosity in the FU face yarn movement pattern of the fabric of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is one of the methods of forming low porosity in the FB-side stitch diagram of the fabric of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is one of the movement diagrams of the intermediate spacer yarn inlay;

FIG. 5 is a schematic model I of the principle of the two-sided heat and moisture transfer characteristic difference fabric of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic model II of the principle of the two-sided heat and moisture transfer characteristic difference fabric of the invention.

Detailed Description

To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in the attached figures 1, 2 and 3, the invention discloses a novel spacer fabric for a sports fabric, wherein a fabric body is woven on a double-faced knitting machine, one Face (FU) adopts a high-porosity structure, the other Face (FB) adopts a low-porosity structure, and the porosity ratio (PFU/PFB) of the two faces is larger than 1.5, and is preferably larger than 2.0. The invention can be further understood from the models one and two shown in fig. 4 and 5:

in the first model shown in fig. 4, D1, V1, D2 and V2 refer to the diameter of the large and small meshes and the wind speed, respectively. It is important to note here that the pore size in the model is not what we see as the mesh pore size on the fabric, and since air passes not only through the visible mesh but also through the pores of the fabric, we introduce the concept of porosity, i.e. the proportion of pores per unit area, D1/D2, which is proportional to the porosity.

According to the aerodynamic principle, when air is blown from the outside to the large mesh,

π(D2/2)²V2＝π(D1/2)²V1

D2²V2＝D1²V1

V2/V1＝D1²/D2²

as can be seen from the above equation, the velocity increases as air is blown from the outside toward the large cells and out of the small cells, the velocity ratio being inversely proportional to the square of the diameter of the cells. The larger the wind speed, the faster the heat dissipation, and the one-way moisture-conducting function of the fabric, the drier, cool and faster the wearer. In turn, the wind slows down and keeps warm.

In the second model shown in fig. 5, the fabric of the present invention further contains spacer yarns, which are hydrophilic. When the FB surface is the bottom, namely facing the human body, the bottom surface has high wind speed and the fabric has low thermal resistance, so that the human body feels cool naturally; and sweat can be led to the FU face through the interval yarn, and the bottom surface is dry and comfortable, and sweat volatilizes fast and takes away the heat. When the FU surface is the bottom, the wind speed of the bottom surface is low, the thermal resistance of the fabric is high, and the human body feels warm naturally. And the hydrophobic surface has certain rainproof effect.

The invention therefore also relates to a garment made of the functional fabric according to the invention, which is characterized in that when worn, the FU faces the environment FB towards the human body, and the FB faces the environment FU towards the human body. That is, such garments may be worn on both sides. When worn on the front, FU faces outward and faces the environment, and FB faces the human body; when worn on the reverse side, FB faces outward and faces the environment, while FU faces the body. Therefore, when the ready-made clothes are worn, the ready-made clothes are in morning before going out for morning or work, the outdoor temperature is low, and the ready-made clothes can be worn on the front side, so that the ready-made clothes have certain warmth retention property. After a certain time of activity, along with the increase of the metabolism rate and the accumulation of the heat of the human body, the garment can be worn on the reverse side when the human body generates heat by sweating, so that the garment has the effects of coolness, perspiration and quick drying, and the risk of getting rid of the garment and easy getting cold is avoided. Therefore, the ready-made clothes are convenient and beneficial to health.

Claims

1. A functional fabric with two-sided heat and moisture transfer characteristic difference is characterized by comprising two physical surfaces FU and FB with different porosities, wherein the porosity of the FU is PFU, the porosity of the FB is PFB, and PFU is PFB > 1.5; the contact angle of the yarn contained in FU is theta u, the contact angle of the yarn contained in FB is theta b, and theta u < ═ theta b.

2. The functional fabric with two-sided heat and moisture transfer characteristics difference according to claim 1, wherein the fabric comprises at least two yarns Yu and Yb, wherein Yu is used for FU and has a contact angle θ u smaller than 85 °; yb for FB, with a contact angle θ b greater than 30 °.

3. The functional fabric with two-sided heat and moisture transfer characteristic difference according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the unit capillary water-conducting capacities of the FU and the FB are LPF and LPB respectively, and LPF > LPB.

4. The functional fabric with the difference in two-sided heat and moisture transfer characteristics according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a spacer yarn Yj is included between FU and FB, the contact angle is thetaj, the capillary water-conducting capacity is LPJ, and thetaj is less than 85 degrees.

5. The functional fabric with the difference of heat and moisture transfer characteristics on two sides as claimed in claim 1, wherein PFU and PFB are greater than 2.0.

6. The functional fabric with two different heat and moisture transfer characteristics according to claim 1, wherein the functional fabric with two different heat and moisture transfer characteristics is knitted.

7. The functional fabric having two-sided heat and moisture transfer characteristic difference according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the contact angle θ u is less than 45 °.

8. The functional fabric with two-sided heat and moisture transfer characteristic difference according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the contact angle θ b is greater than 100 °.

9. The functional fabric with two different heat and moisture transfer characteristics according to claim 3, wherein the LPF is more than 2 times of LPB.