CN211370764U - Two-stage centrifugal co-directional tandem fuel cell air compressor with exhaust gas recovery device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a two-stage centrifugal equidirectional tandem type fuel cell air compressor with a waste gas recovery device, which is provided with an electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly (3), wherein a motor (1), a two-stage equidirectional tandem centrifugal compressor (2) and a waste gas recovery centripetal turbine (4) are sequentially arranged on the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly (3); and the gas outlet of the two-stage equidirectional series centrifugal compressor (2) is communicated with the air side inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the gas inlet of the waste gas recovery centripetal turbine (4) is communicated with the air side outlet of the fuel cell stack. The utility model discloses compact structure, the airflow channel structure is succinct, and the rotor installation is stable, and the cooling effect is good moreover, has reduced the consumption.

Description

Two-stage centrifugal co-directional tandem fuel cell air compressor with exhaust gas recovery device

technical field

The utility model relates to a fuel cell air compressor, in particular to a two-stage centrifugal co-directional series type fuel cell air compressor with a waste gas recovery device.

Background technique

At present, the centrifugal two-stage direct-drive fuel cell air compressor technology without exhaust gas recovery device places the permanent magnet motor in the middle of the rotor assembly, and the two-stage centrifugal compressor impellers are arranged at both ends of the main shaft. The transition pipe connects the first-stage volute outlet and the second-stage impeller air inlet, which not only increases the pressure loss of more airflow passages, but also increases the weight of the air compressor itself, which is contrary to the lightweight design of fuel cell vehicles.

At present, the centrifugal direct-drive fuel cell air compressor technology with exhaust gas recovery device is mainly based on single-stage centrifugal compressors, which have limited ability to adapt to the current full working conditions of fuel cells, and the rotor operating speed of this technology is relatively high. , the design of the motor and bearing system is more difficult, and the reliability is further reduced, and most of the structural solutions are to set the single-stage centrifugal impeller at one end of the rotor, and the other end is provided with a turbine turbine with an exhaust gas recovery device. Generally speaking, it is impossible to escape the traditional design layout with two ends suspended, or there is a structural scheme in which the impeller of a single-stage centrifugal compressor and the centrifugal turbine are arranged back-to-back on one side of the permanent magnet motor, but it is also impossible to achieve a compact structure. While taking into account the cooling effect of the permanent magnet motor, it is difficult to effectively reduce the power consumption by reducing the air temperature at the inlet of the centrifugal compressor.

Utility model content

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a two-stage centrifugal co-directional series fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device in view of the shortcomings of the fuel cell air compressor described in the background art, so as to improve the overall performance of the fuel cell system. Efficiency, to overcome the shortcomings of the current centrifugal fuel cell air compressor with high overall power consumption, uncompact structure, low pressure ratio, and inability to reduce the operating speed.

For achieving the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the present utility model is:

A two-stage centrifugal co-directional tandem fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device is characterized in that it has an electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly, and a motor, an electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly are arranged in sequence on the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly. Two-stage co-directional series centrifugal compressor and exhaust gas recovery centripetal turbine; the gas outlet of the two-stage co-directional series centrifugal compressor is used to communicate with the air side inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the exhaust gas recovery centripetal The gas inlet of the turbine is used to communicate with the air side outlet of the fuel cell stack.

The two-stage centrifugal co-directional series-type fuel cell air compressor with exhaust gas recovery device, wherein one side of the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly is the motor rotor shaft, and the motor rotor shaft passes through the first air bearing. A water cooling runner housing is installed, the inner side of the water cooling runner housing is installed with the motor stator body assembly, the outer side of the water cooling runner housing is equipped with an air channel heat conduction ring, and the air channel heat conduction ring is installed in the compressed air. In the air intake guide housing, an inlet air flow channel is formed between the compressed air intake guide housing and the water cooling flow channel housing, and the inlet air flow channel is connected to the ambient air through the air channel heat conduction ring Pass.

In the two-stage centrifugal co-directional tandem fuel cell air compressor with exhaust gas recovery device, a water cooling flow channel is left between the water cooling flow channel shell and the air channel heat conducting ring.

In the two-stage centrifugal co-directional series fuel cell air compressor with exhaust gas recovery device, an air filter assembly is provided at the inlet end of the heat conducting ring of the air passage.

In the two-stage centrifugal co-directional series-type fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device, metal fins are also arranged in the air passage heat conducting ring.

The two-stage centrifugal co-directional tandem fuel cell air compressor with exhaust gas recovery device, wherein a first-stage centrifugal impeller, a shaft and a shaft are installed on one side of the motor rotor shaft of the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly. A casing and a second-stage centrifugal impeller, the two-stage co-directional series centrifugal compressor has an inlet guide casing, a first-stage guide ring, a stage partition plate and an air-inducing volute installed in sequence, and the inlet guide The gap between the shell and the water cooling channel shell is communicated with the inlet air channel, the first-stage guide ring is opposite to the first-stage centrifugal impeller, and the stage partition plate is connected to the first-stage centrifugal impeller. The position of the shaft sleeve is opposite and is installed on the air-inducing volute by bolts. A U-shaped air flow channel is formed between the assembly formed by the stage partition plate and the air-inducing volute and the first-stage guide ring. The air bleed volute is positioned opposite to the second-stage centrifugal impeller, and the outlet of the bleed volute is communicated with the air side inlet of the fuel cell stack.

In the two-stage centrifugal co-directional tandem fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device, a non-contact labyrinth-tooth seal is used between the first-stage centrifugal impeller and the second-stage centrifugal impeller.

In the two-stage centrifugal co-directional tandem fuel cell air compressor with exhaust gas recovery device, a balance piston ring is provided on the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly at a position on one side of the second-stage centrifugal impeller, A second-stage sealing ring is provided on one side of the air bleed volute, and the second-stage sealing ring is positioned opposite to the balance piston ring.

The two-stage centrifugal co-directional series fuel cell air compressor with exhaust gas recovery device, wherein the exhaust gas recovery radial turbine includes a pre-stage guide casing, a guide ring, a guide vane cascade assembly and an air A bearing seat, the side of the pre-stage guide casing is provided with an air collecting port, the air collecting port is communicated with the air side outlet of the fuel cell stack, and a centripetal turbine shaft is installed on the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly , a centripetal turbine is fixed on the centripetal turbine shaft, there is a static and dynamic gap between the guide ring and the centripetal turbine, and the dynamic and static gap is communicated with the gas collecting port of the pre-stage guide casing, The guide vane cascade assembly is also provided on the communication path.

The two-stage centrifugal co-directional tandem fuel cell air compressor with exhaust gas recovery device, wherein the air bearing seat is installed on the radial turbine shaft through the second air bearing, and the pre-stage guide casing is connected to the guide. The air volute is fixedly connected and radially limited by the air bearing seat.

The utility model has the advantages of compact structure, simple air flow channel structure, stable rotor installation, good cooling effect and reduced power consumption.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural longitudinal sectional view of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the A-A partial cross-sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the B-B partial sectional view of Fig. 1;

Description of reference numerals: electric motor 1; inlet air passage 1a; water cooling passage 1b; air filter assembly 11; compressed air intake guide casing 12; water cooling passage casing 13; end cover assembly 14; Body assembly 15; air passage heat conducting ring 16; metal fins 16a; first air bearing 17; two-stage co-rotating series centrifugal compressor 2; inlet guide casing 21; 23; guide vane hole 23a; bleed volute 24; second-stage sealing ring 25; electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3; motor rotor shaft 31; first-stage centrifugal impeller 32; 34; Balanced piston ring 35; Centripetal turbine shaft 36; Centripetal turbine 37; Lock nut 38; Exhaust gas recovery centripetal turbine 4; seal ring 44; air bearing seat 45; second air bearing 46.

Detailed ways

Hereinafter, some specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail by way of example and not limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the figures designate the same or similar parts or parts. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to true scale.

The utility model adopts the following technical scheme for solving the above-mentioned problems:

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention provides a two-stage centrifugal co-directional tandem fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device, which is provided with an electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3 . The motor 1, the two-stage co-directional series centrifugal compressor 2 and the exhaust gas recovery centripetal turbine 4 are arranged in sequence from left to right on the component 3, and the two-stage co-directional series centrifugal compressor 2 is arranged on the right side of the motor 1. The exhaust gas recovery centrifugal turbine 4 is arranged on the right side of the two-stage co-directional series centrifugal compressor 2, and its turbine outlet and the impeller inlet of the two-stage co-directional series centrifugal compressor 2 are along the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly. The axial direction of 3 is oppositely arranged to balance part of the axial force;

The left side of the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3 is the motor rotor shaft 31 , and the water cooling channel housing 13 is installed on the motor rotor shaft 31 through the first air bearing 17 , and the inside of the water cooling channel housing 13 The motor stator body assembly 15 is installed with interference, the outer side of the water cooling channel housing 13 is equipped with an air channel heat conduction ring 16, and there is water cooling between the water cooling channel housing 13 and the air channel heat conduction ring 16 The flow channel 1b, the air channel heat conduction ring 16 is installed in the compressed air intake guide housing 12, and an inlet air flow channel 1a is formed between the compressed air intake guide housing 12 and the water cooling flow channel housing 13, An air filter assembly 11 is provided at the inlet end of the air channel heat-conducting ring 16, and the outlet end is communicated with the inlet air flow channel 1a; metal fins 16a are also arranged in the air channel heat-conducting ring 16, as shown in the figure 2, it is conducive to the heat exchange between the inlet gas and the water cooling channel 1b, and the number of metal fins 16a can be designed according to the situation; the outer end of the water cooling channel housing 13 is installed and fixed by the end cover assembly 14 through bolts ;

A first-stage centrifugal impeller 32 , a shaft sleeve 33 , a second-stage centrifugal impeller 34 and a balance piston ring 35 are installed on the right side of the motor rotor shaft 31 of the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3 from left to right. The two-stage co-directional series centrifugal compressor 2 has an inlet guide casing 21, a first-stage guide ring 22, a stage partition plate 23, an air bleed volute 24 and a second-stage seal ring 25 installed in sequence from left to right. , the gap between the inlet guide casing 21 and the water cooling channel casing 13 is communicated with the inlet air channel 1a, the first-stage guide ring 22 and the first-stage centrifugal impeller 32 is opposite in position, it is fixed in the inner cavity of the inlet guide casing 21, and is fixed by the assembly and installation of the inlet guide casing 21 and the air bleed volute 24, and the remaining machining error can meet the requirements through the assembly process; The stage partition plate 23 is installed and fixed on the air bleed volute 24 by bolts, and a certain number of airflow guide vanes 23a are designed between the stage partition plate 23 and the air bleed volute 24. The number of blades is set according to the situation, and the guide vane 23a is set There are bolt through holes, and the stage partition plate 23 and the air bleed volute 24 are fixedly installed together by bolts. The machining tolerance of the airflow channel can be achieved through combined machining; the air-inducing volute 24 is positioned opposite to the second-stage centrifugal impeller 34, which is fixedly connected to the inlet guide housing 21 by bolts; the second-stage The sealing ring 25 is fixed on the right side of the air bleed volute 24 and is opposite to the balance piston ring 35. The balance piston ring 35 can balance part of the axial force; wherein, the first-stage centrifugal impeller 32 and the second-stage centrifugal impeller A non-contact labyrinth tooth seal is used between the centrifugal impellers 34 of the stages, and the outer ring of the balance piston ring 35 is provided with a non-contact labyrinth tooth seal structure; as shown in FIG. 3 , the air bleed volute 24 has The outlet 2a of the air bleed volute is connected with the air side inlet of the fuel cell stack through a pipeline to form an air pressurized airflow channel;

The exhaust gas recovery centrifugal turbine 4 includes a pre-stage guide casing 41 , a guide ring 42 , a guide vane cascade assembly 43 , a sealing ring 44 and an air bearing seat 45 , on the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3 The position on the right side of the balance piston ring 35 is installed with the radial turbine shaft 36 by transition fit to improve the bending rigidity of the whole shaft system, and the air bearing seat 45 is installed on the radial shaft through the second air bearing 46 On the turbine shaft 36, a gas collecting port 4a is provided on the side of the pre-stage guide casing 41, and the gas collecting port 4a is connected with the air side outlet of the fuel cell stack through a pipeline to recover and reuse the air flow. The guide casing 41, the air bleed volute 24 and the second-stage seal ring 25 are installed and fixed by bolts, and are radially limited by the air bearing seat 45, and the seal is provided on the right side of the air bearing seat 45 Ring 44, it should be noted that the right side of the air bearing seat 45 and the left side of the sealing ring 44 form a thrust air bearing limit surface; The centripetal turbine shaft 36 is also fixed with a centripetal turbine 37 and is axially fixed with a locking nut 38. There is a static and dynamic gap between the installed guide ring 42 and the centripetal turbine 37, and there is no interference during operation. The gap is communicated with the air collecting port 4a of the pre-stage guide housing 41, and the guide vane cascade assembly 43 is also provided on the communication path.

The electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3 is supported by the first air bearing 17 and the second air bearing 46, which can improve the balance stability. The balance piston ring 35 can balance part of the aerodynamic axial force, reduce the design difficulty of the thrust bearing of the second air bearing 46, and improve the running stability of the shaft system.

The utility model mainly drives the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3 to run through the tangential torque generated by the drive motor stator and the magnetic field of the winding magnetic lines of force, and then the rotor-spindle drives the two-stage co-directional series centrifugal compressor 2 to rotate together at high speed. Coaxial one-piece rotor assembly 3. Different speed control realizes two-stage co-directional series centrifugal compressor 2. High-speed rotation of compressed air to achieve high-pressure ratio and large-flow gas load output. The air-side inlets of the battery stack are connected through pipes, and at the same time, the high-pressure exhaust gas generated by the fuel cell stack is bleed through the pipeline to the air collecting port 4a of the pre-stage guide housing 41, and the air flow passes through the guide vane cascade assembly 43 to remove the high-pressure exhaust gas. Converted into kinetic energy, push the centripetal turbine 37 and the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3 to rotate together at high speed, adjust the exhaust gas flow entering the pre-stage guide housing 41 through the control logic, adaptively reduce the output power of the motor, and stabilize the electromechanical synchronization. The rotational speed of the shaft-integrated rotor assembly 3 stabilizes the flow and pressure ratio of the output air compressor. According to the input of different conditions, it can meet the air flow supply demand in a wide range of high-power vehicle fuel cell engines.

The two-stage co-directional series centrifugal compressor 2 of the present invention has an inlet air flow channel 1a, the inlet air flow channel 1a communicates with the air channel heat conduction ring 16, and the air channel heat conduction ring 16 is in turn connected with the water cooling flow channel shell 13 are adjacent to form heat conduction contact, the ambient air is filtered and purified by the air filter 11, enters the air channel heat conduction ring 16 and conducts effective heat exchange with the water cooling flow channel shell 13, which can effectively reduce the inlet of the first-stage centrifugal impeller 32 The inlet air temperature decreases, the inlet gas specific volume is reduced, and the surge margin of the compressor is improved.

In the present invention, the air bearing can be selected but not limited to the traditional foil type, static pressure type, static and dynamic pressure type and the like.

In the present invention, ventilation holes are provided on the axial right end face of the water cooling channel housing 13 and the axial right end face of the end cover assembly 14. The number of ventilation holes is set according to the situation, so that the airflow can flow through the first air bearing. 17 The gap between the permanent magnet motor stator and rotor reduces the working temperature of the rotor and the bearing, and improves the operation reliability of the motor and the system.

In the present invention, an air filter is arranged on the left end face of the compressed air intake guide housing 12, which can purify the quality of the inlet air, improve the reliability of the air bearing operation, and prevent it from being stuck during operation; while the inner hole of the motor end cover assembly 14 An air filter is also provided.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2 , cooling ventilation holes 1c are axially arranged at the position where the motor stator body assembly 15 and the water cooling channel housing 13 cooperate, and the number of cooling ventilation holes 1c is set according to the situation, which can effectively improve the motor heat dissipation efficiency and operational stability.

The above description is only illustrative rather than restrictive for the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that many modifications, changes or equivalents can be made without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the claims. But all will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A two-stage centrifugal same-direction tandem type fuel cell air compressor with a waste gas recovery device is characterized by comprising an electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly (3), wherein a motor (1), a two-stage same-direction tandem centrifugal compressor (2) and a waste gas recovery centripetal turbine (4) are sequentially arranged on the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly (3); and the gas outlet of the two-stage equidirectional series centrifugal compressor (2) is communicated with the air side inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the gas inlet of the waste gas recovery centripetal turbine (4) is communicated with the air side outlet of the fuel cell stack.

2. The two-stage centrifugal co-rotating tandem type fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that one side of the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly (3) is provided with a motor rotor shaft (31), the motor rotor shaft (31) is provided with a water cooling runner shell (13) through a first air bearing (17), a motor stator body assembly (15) is arranged on the inner side of the water cooling runner shell (13), an air channel heat-conducting ring (16) is assembled on the outer side of the water cooling runner shell (13), the air channel heat-conducting ring (16) is also installed in the air-compressing air-inlet flow-guiding shell (12), an inlet air flow passage (1a) is formed between the air-compressing air-inlet flow guide shell (12) and the water cooling flow passage shell (13), the inlet air channel (1a) is in communication with ambient air via the air channel heat conducting ring (16).

3. The two-stage centrifugal co-rotating tandem type fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device according to claim 2, wherein a water cooling flow passage (1b) is left between the water cooling flow passage housing (13) and the air passage heat-conducting ring (16).

4. A two-stage centrifugal co-rotating tandem type fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device according to claim 2, wherein the inlet end of the air passage heat-conducting ring (16) is provided with an air filter assembly (11).

5. The two-stage centrifugal co-rotating tandem type fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device according to claim 2, wherein a metal fin (16a) is further provided in the air passage heat-conducting ring (16).

6. The two-stage centrifugal co-rotating tandem type fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device according to claim 2, wherein a first-stage centrifugal impeller (32), a shaft sleeve (33) and a second-stage centrifugal impeller (34) are installed on one side of a motor rotor shaft (31) of the electromechanical co-axial integrated rotor assembly (3), the two-stage co-rotating tandem centrifugal compressor (2) has an inlet guide casing (21), a first-stage guide ring (22), an inter-stage diaphragm (23) and a bleed volute (24) installed in this order, a gap between the inlet guide casing (21) and the water cooling flow passage casing (13) communicates with the inlet air flow passage (1a), the first-stage guide ring (22) is located opposite to the first-stage centrifugal impeller (32), and the inter-stage diaphragm (23) is located opposite to the shaft sleeve (33), the air guide volute (24) is mounted on the air guide volute (24) through bolts, a U-shaped air flow channel is formed between the assembly formed by the interstage clapboard (23) and the air guide volute (24) and the first-stage guide ring (22), the air guide volute (24) is opposite to the second-stage centrifugal impeller (34), and the air guide volute (24) is provided with an air guide volute outlet (2a) communicated with an air side inlet of a fuel cell stack.

7. The two-stage centrifugal co-rotating tandem type fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device according to claim 6, wherein a non-contact labyrinth tooth type seal is adopted between the first-stage centrifugal impeller (32) and the second-stage centrifugal impeller (34).

8. The two-stage centrifugal co-rotating tandem type fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device according to claim 6, wherein a balance piston ring (35) is arranged on the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly (3) at a position on one side of the second-stage centrifugal impeller (34), a second-stage sealing ring (25) is arranged on one side of the bleed volute (24), and the second-stage sealing ring (25) is opposite to the balance piston ring (35).

9. The two-stage centrifugal co-rotating tandem type fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that the waste gas recovery centripetal turbine (4) comprises a front guide flow shell (41), a guide ring (42), a guide vane grid assembly (43) and an air bearing seat (45), the side surface of the stage front guide flow shell (41) is provided with an air collecting opening (4a), the air collecting opening (4a) is communicated with an air side outlet of the fuel cell stack, a centripetal turbine shaft (36) is arranged on the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly (3), a centripetal turbine (37) is fixed on the centripetal turbine shaft (36), a dynamic and static clearance is formed between the guide ring (42) and the centripetal turbine (37), the dynamic and static gaps are communicated with an air collecting port (4a) of the stage front guide flow shell (41), and the guide vane cascade assembly (43) is further arranged on the communication path.

10. The two-stage centrifugal co-rotating tandem type fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device according to claim 9, wherein an air bearing seat (45) is mounted on the centripetal turbine shaft (36) through a second air bearing (46), and the front stage guide flow housing (41) is fixedly connected with the bleed air volute (24) and radially limited by the air bearing seat (45).

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