CN211367942U - Carbon fiber widening cloth needling preform - Google Patents
Carbon fiber widening cloth needling preform Download PDFInfo
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- CN211367942U CN211367942U CN201921801337.7U CN201921801337U CN211367942U CN 211367942 U CN211367942 U CN 211367942U CN 201921801337 U CN201921801337 U CN 201921801337U CN 211367942 U CN211367942 U CN 211367942U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a pair of carbon fiber exhibition width cloth acupuncture prefabricated part, unit layer including a plurality of plane superpositions and by the interbedded fibre of acupuncture implantation, it is a plurality of the unit layer contains at least one deck carbon fiber exhibition width cloth or the carbon fiber that widens and at least one deck thin felt. The utility model provides a carbon fiber exhibition broadcloth acupuncture preform adopts carbon fiber exhibition broadcloth, and its thickness is far less than traditional plane fabric, and the acupuncture preform bulk density of preparation can reach 0.70g/cm3Above, the mechanical property of the prefabricated body can be improved by about 40%.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a carbon fiber weaving technical field especially indicates a carbon fiber exhibition width cloth acupuncture preform.
Background
The carbon fiber needling prefabricated body is generally prepared by taking a carbon fiber plane fabric and a carbon fiber thin felt as raw materials to carry out relay needling, implanting partial horizontal fibers in the fabric and the thin felt into the Z direction by means of reverse direction needling to generate a vertical fiber cluster, so that the plane fabric and the thin felt are combined and restrained to form a plane and the Z direction which both have certain strengthThe quasi-three-dimensional unique net-shaped structure prefabricated body has the characteristics of uniform pore distribution, easy compact forming, higher in-plane and interlayer strength, low production cost and the like, and is widely applied to missile ends, solid rocket engine throat linings, carbon/carbon expansion sections, airplane brake discs and the like. The carbon fiber plane fabric in the existing carbon fiber needling preform usually adopts 6K and 12K carbon fibers, the structural unit layers are plain weave, satin weave, twill weave, unidirectional carbon fiber cloth and thin felt or the combination thereof, the spacing between the unit layers of the preform is usually more than 0.6mm, and the volume density is not high (less than or equal to 0.65 g/cm)3) The mechanical properties of the prepared composite material can not meet the application development requirements of the high-performance composite material.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, there is a need for an improved needled preform having a higher bulk density and good mechanical properties that meets the needs of the development of new weaponry.
The utility model provides a technical scheme does: a carbon fiber widening cloth needling preform comprises a plurality of unit layers which are stacked in a plane and interlayer fibers which are implanted by needling, wherein the unit layers comprise at least one layer of carbon fiber widening cloth or widening carbon fibers and at least one layer of thin felt.
Further, the interlayer spacing between two adjacent unit layers is 0.10-0.28 mm.
Further, the interlayer spacing between two adjacent unit layers is 0.13-0.28 mm.
Further, the plurality of unit layers are sequentially stacked at a preset angle, and the preset angle comprises one or more of 0 degree, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 90 degrees.
Furthermore, each unit layer mainly comprises a combination of one or more of a plurality of layers of carbon fiber widening cloth and widening carbon fibers and at least one layer of thin felt.
Furthermore, the carbon fiber widening cloth and/or the carbon fiber widening layers of the multiple layers in each unit layer are sequentially overlapped according to a set angle, and the set angle comprises one or more of 0 degree, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 90 degrees.
Further, each interlayer fiber is formed inside the unit layer or inside the plurality of unit layers by fiber needle-punching of one unit layer, and is used for connecting a plurality of layers stacked in the unit layer or a plurality of layers stacked in the unit layer.
Further, each interlayer fiber is formed inside the plurality of unit layers or inside the plurality of unit layers by fiber needling of the plurality of unit layers, and is used for connecting the plurality of unit layers or the plurality of layers of the plurality of unit layers.
Furthermore, the density of the needle-punching implantation is 15-35 needles/cm2。
Furthermore, the edge of the carbon fiber widening cloth is provided with a polyvinyl alcohol coating, and the density of the carbon fiber widening cloth is 80-200g/m2The surface density of the thin felt is 30-60g/m2。
Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a carbon fiber exhibition broadcloth acupuncture preform adopts carbon fiber exhibition broadcloth, and its thickness is far less than traditional plane fabric, and the acupuncture preform bulk density of preparation can reach 0.70g/cm3Above, the mechanical property of the prefabricated body can be improved by about 40%.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a carbon fiber spread cloth needling preform according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
carbon fiber spread cloth needling preform 100
Carbon fiber spreading cloth 1
Thin felt 3
The following detailed description will further describe embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the above-described drawings.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description. In addition, the features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention, and the described embodiments are merely some, but not all embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work all belong to the scope protected by the embodiments of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which embodiments of the present invention belong. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of embodiments of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention relates to a carbon fiber stretched cloth needled preform 100, which can be used as a missile end, a solid rocket engine throat lining, a carbon/carbon expanding section, an airplane brake disc, etc. after being compounded with a matrix (including carbon, silicon carbide, aerogel, etc.). The volume density based on the existing needling prefabricated body is usually less than or equal to 0.65g/cm3The trend of high performance development of the composite material for new generation weapon equipment is difficult to satisfy, and the formula is that rho is N × M/h × 10-3(wherein N is the number of layers and layers of the unit; M is the square meter gram weight of the fabric and the thin felt, g/M)2(ii) a h: the composite thickness of the fabric and the thin felt is mm. ) It can be seen that the smaller the fabric thickness value, the higher the bulk density of the preform, subject to other factors. Therefore, the present invention is a new type of fabric, carbon fiber spreading cloth, developed in recent years because it has a very thin thickness, e.g. an areal density of 200g/m2The thickness of the 12K carbon fiber plain cloth is 0.298mm, and the surface density is 100g/m2The thickness of the 12K carbon fiber widening cloth is only 0.098 mm; the method is combined with a needling process to explore the preparation technology of the high-density needled preform, and currently, carbon fiber is adoptedThe needling prefabricated body of the dimension-extending wide cloth is not reported.
The carbon fiber spread cloth needling preform 100 comprises a plurality of unit layers 10 which are stacked in a plane and interlaminar fibers 50 implanted by needling, wherein the plurality of unit layers 10 comprise at least one layer of carbon fiber spread cloth 1 or spread carbon fibers and at least one layer of thin felt 3. In a specific embodiment, each unit layer 10 may be a single layer of carbon fiber widening cloth 1, or a single layer of widening carbon fibers, or a single layer of thin felt 3, or a plurality of layers of carbon fiber widening cloth 1, or a plurality of layers of widening carbon fibers, or a plurality of layers of thin felt 3, or a combination of a plurality of carbon fiber widening cloths 1 and a plurality of thin felts 3, or a combination of a plurality of widening carbon fibers and a plurality of thin felts 3, or a combination of the foregoing with other fabrics (conventional planar carbon cloth) or structural layers (non-woven fabrics or fillers, etc.), which is only required to make the unit layer 10 of the preform contain the carbon fiber widening cloth 1 and/or the carbon fibers and the thin felts 3, and is designed according to production and performance requirements.
The unit layer 10 is a base unit which is continuously stacked. The plurality of unit layers 10 may be sequentially stacked at a preset angle, where the preset angle includes one or more of 0 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, and 90 °. The carbon fiber widening cloths 1 and/or the widened carbon fibers of the plurality of layers in each unit layer 10 may also be sequentially stacked according to a set angle, where the set angle includes one or more of 0 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, and 90 °. The preset angle and the set angle mainly contribute to the uniformity of the plane performance of the prefabricated body and do not influence the interlayer spacing of the unit layers. In the above various structural forms of the unit layers 10, in order to effectively increase the bulk density of the preform, it is preferable that each unit layer 10 is mainly composed of a combination of a plurality of layers of one or more of the carbon fiber spread cloth 1 and the spread carbon fiber and at least one layer of the thin felt 3. Therefore, the ratio of the carbon fiber widening cloth and/or the widening carbon fiber is higher, the layers of the prefabricated body can be more compact, and the volume density can be optimized to the maximum degree theoretically on the basis of not considering the needling difficulty and the technological parameters (including needling density, depth, needle distribution mode and the like). Moreover, the carbon fiber widening cloth 1 can reduce the buckling degree of the prefabricated body and the number of buckling waves, effectively improve the utilization rate of the mechanical property of the fiber, reduce stress concentration caused by buckling and improve the mechanical property of the prefabricated body.
The interlaminar fibers 50 are needle-punched implanted short fiber clusters. Regardless of the diversity of the structural changes of the unit layers, the interlayer fibers 50 are formed inside the planar structure layers (the inside is different from the plane, and the direction intersecting the plane, which may be inclined or vertical) to connect the planar structure layers or even the planar structure layers with other planar structure layers stacked in sequence. It can be said that each of the interlayer fibers 50 is formed inside the unit layer 10 or inside the unit layers 10 by fiber needling of one of the unit layers 10 to connect several layers of the unit layers 10 stacked one on another. As shown in fig. 1, each unit layer 10 includes a layer of thin felt 3 and four layers of carbon fiber spread cloth 1, the four layers of carbon fiber spread cloth 1 are sequentially stacked, and finally the thin felt 3 is covered on the top surface; each unit layer 10 is overlapped in sequence to form a layer of thin felt 3 and four layers of carbon fiber spreading cloth 1 which are in a circulating repeated structure; the fiber (including the thin felt 3 and the carbon fiber widening cloth 1) of each unit layer is vertically needled into the unit layers 10, and is connected with one thin felt 3 and four carbon fiber widening cloths 1 in each unit layer 10 and also connected with at least two unit layers 10; such a cycle of connecting two or more adjacent unit layers 10 repeatedly can finally result in a needled preform 100 with a higher bulk density. In a specific embodiment, the density of the needle-punching implantation is 25 to 35 needles/cm2. In other embodiments, each of the interlayer fibers 50 is formed by needle punching a plurality of the unit layers or a plurality of the unit layers to connect the plurality of the unit layers or a plurality of the unit layers. That is, a thin felt 3 and a carbon fiber spreading cloth 1 are both regarded as a unit layer 10; the combination of one thin felt 3 and four layers of carbon fiber spread cloth 1 in the drawing can be regarded as a plurality of the unit layers 10, and then the fibers of one thin felt 3 and four layers of carbon fiber spread cloth 1 are vertically needle-punched and implantedA thin felt 3 and four layers of carbon fiber spreading cloth 1 are connected, and other thin felts 3 and a plurality of other carbon fiber spreading cloths 1 are also connected; the density of the needle-punching implantation is 25-35 needles/cm2。
The space between the unit layers of the needling preform prepared by carbon fiber widening cloth and/or widening carbon fibers can reach 0.10-0.28 mm; the volume density of the prefabricated body can reach 0.70g/cm3And the above; the mechanical property of the prefabricated body can be improved by about 40 percent.
It is worth mentioning that in the research process, the carbon fiber widening cloth 1 is found to be easy to generate edge creep effect in the cutting process, namely, the edge carbon fibers fall off, which causes great trouble to the development of products. For this reason, we made a continuous effort to identify a solution to this creep effect: and coating polyvinyl alcohol solution on the edge of the carbon fiber widening cloth for fixation. The method can solve the edge creep effect in the cutting process of the carbon fiber widening cloth, and the polyvinyl alcohol is easy to heat and volatilize and has little influence on the composite material.
A method for preparing a carbon fiber spread cloth needling preform 100 comprises the following steps:
step (1): coating polyvinyl alcohol solution on the edge of the carbon fiber widening cloth for fixing;
step (2): cutting carbon fiber widening cloth according to the molded surface of the prefabricated body;
and (3): profiling and layering one or more layers of carbon fiber spread cloth according to the profile of the prefabricated body;
and (4): winding one or more layers of spread carbon fibers according to the profile of the preform to form a fiber layer;
and (5): laying one or more layers of carbon fiber mats along the surface layer of the carbon fiber widening cloth or the widening carbon fiber layer;
and (6): adopting a needling process to carry out continuous needling forming along the normal direction of the laid layer;
and (7): and (4) repeating the steps (1) to (6) until the preform is finally molded.
To further illustrate the structural design and performance that can be achieved with the present invention, the following specific examples are given.
The first embodiment is as follows:
four layers of carbon fiber widening cloth are compounded into a layer of carbon fiber thin felt, and the density of the carbon fiber widening cloth surface is 100g/m2The carbon fiber for the spread cloth is 12K, and the surface density of the carbon fiber thin felt is 40g/m2The needling density is (25-30) needles/cm2According to the structural unit layers, overlapping layer by layer, needling layer by layer to prepare the arc carbon fiber spreading cloth needling prefabricated body with the volume density of 0.76g/cm3The cell layer pitch was 0.28 mm. Compared with the prefabricated body prepared by the traditional carbon fiber plane fabric with the same specification and the same process parameters, the in-plane mechanical property is improved by 39 percent.
Example two:
four layers of carbon fiber widening cloth are compounded into a layer of carbon fiber thin felt, and the density of the carbon fiber widening cloth surface is 200g/m2The carbon fiber for the spread cloth is 12K, and the surface density of the carbon fiber thin felt is 30g/m2The needling density is (25-30) needles/cm2According to the structural unit layers, the layer-by-layer superposition and the layer-by-layer needling are carried out to prepare the platy carbon fiber spreading cloth needling prefabricated body, and the volume density is 0.80g/cm3The cell layer pitch was 0.14 mm. Compared with the prefabricated body prepared by the traditional carbon fiber plane fabric with the same specification and the same process parameters, the in-plane mechanical property is improved by 41 percent.
Example three:
two layers of carbon fiber widening cloth are compounded to form a layer of +/-45-degree widening carbon fiber grid winding layer, and a layer of carbon fiber thin felt is compounded to form a layer of carbon fiber thin felt, wherein the density of the widening cloth surface of the carbon fiber is 200g/m2The spreading cloth and the spreading carbon fiber are 12K, and the surface density of the carbon fiber mat is 30g/m2The needling density is (25-30) needles/cm2According to the structural unit layers, the layer-by-layer superposition and the layer-by-layer needling are carried out to prepare the platy carbon fiber spreading cloth needling prefabricated body, and the volume density is 0.78g/cm3The cell layer pitch was 0.19 mm. Compared with the prefabricated body prepared by the traditional carbon fiber plane fabric with the same specification and the same process parameters, the in-plane mechanical property is improved by 35 percent.
Comparative example one:
four layers of carbon fiber widening cloth are compounded into a layer of carbon fiber thin felt, and the density of the carbon fiber widening cloth surface is 80g/m2The carbon fiber for the spread cloth is 12K, and the surface density of the carbon fiber thin felt is 30g/m2The needling density is (30-35) needles/cm2According to the structural unit layers, the layer-by-layer superposition and the layer-by-layer needling are carried out to prepare the platy carbon fiber spreading cloth needling preform with the volume density of 0.79g/cm3The cell layer pitch was 0.11 mm. Compared with the prefabricated body prepared by the traditional carbon fiber plane fabric with the same specification and the same process parameters, the in-plane mechanical property is basically equivalent.
The results of the above examples and comparative examples show that the reduction of the cell layer pitch can be achieved by using the carbon fiber spread cloth instead of the conventional carbon cloth, so that the volume density is increased; the difference between the dense planar structure layer and the high-density needling preform is also reflected in the needling process, such as needling density. When the needling density is too high, the needling has great damage to the fibers, the beneficial influence of the widened carbon fibers on the utilization rate of the mechanical properties of the fibers can be balanced, and the in-plane mechanical properties of the needled preform are not obviously improved although the volume density of the needled preform is increased. Of course, the needling density is low, and although the damage to fibers is small, the content of effective fibers implanted between layers is small, the bonding strength between layers is limited, and the high requirement on mechanical property cannot be met. In other embodiments, the present invention can also develop a great number of parallel tests and comparative analyses for various design schemes including the setting range of needling density, and finally determine the needling density to be preferably 25-30 needles/cm2The spacing between layers of the unit layers is preferably 0.13-0.28mm, and the bulk density of the shaped needled preform is 0.70-0.80g/cm3The in-plane mechanical property of the material can be improved by about 40 percent.
Compared with the needling preform prepared from the traditional carbon fiber plane fabric, the carbon fiber widening cloth needling preform has better in-plane mechanical property and can be used for high-performance structural composite materials, functional composite materials or structural and functional integrated composite materials.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention and are not limited, and although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a carbon fiber expanded width cloth acupuncture preform, includes the unit layer of a plurality of planes superpose and by the interbedded fibre of acupuncture implantation, its characterized in that: several of the unit layers include at least one layer of carbon fiber spread cloth or spread carbon fiber, and at least one layer of mat.
2. The carbon fiber spread cloth needled preform of claim 1, wherein: the interlayer spacing between two adjacent unit layers is 0.10-0.28 mm.
3. The carbon fiber spread cloth needled preform of claim 1, wherein: the interlayer spacing of two adjacent unit layers is 0.13-0.28 mm.
4. The carbon fiber spread cloth needled preform of claim 1, wherein: the multiple layers of the unit layers are sequentially overlapped at preset angles, and the preset angles comprise one or more of 0 degree, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 90 degrees.
5. The carbon fiber spread cloth needled preform of claim 1, wherein: each unit layer is mainly composed of a combination of one or more of a plurality of layers of carbon fiber widening cloth and widening carbon fibers and at least one layer of thin felt.
6. The carbon fiber spread sheet needled preform of claim 5, wherein: the carbon fiber widening cloth and/or the carbon fiber widening layers of the multiple layers in each unit layer are sequentially overlapped according to a set angle, and the set angle comprises one or more of 0 degree, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 90 degrees.
7. The carbon fiber spread sheet needled preform of claim 5, wherein: each interlayer fiber is formed inside the unit layer or inside the plurality of unit layers by fiber needling of one unit layer and is used for connecting a plurality of layers superposed in the unit layer or a plurality of superposed layers in the unit layer.
8. The carbon fiber spread cloth needled preform of claim 1, wherein: each interlayer fiber is formed inside the plurality of unit layers or inside the plurality of unit layers by fiber needling of the plurality of unit layers and is used for connecting the plurality of unit layers or the plurality of layers of the plurality of unit layers.
9. The carbon fiber spread cloth needled preform of claim 1, wherein: the density of needle-punching implantation is 15-35 needles/cm2。
10. The carbon fiber spread cloth needled preform of claim 1, wherein: the edge of the carbon fiber widening cloth is provided with a polyvinyl alcohol coating, and the density of the carbon fiber widening cloth is 80-200g/m2The surface density of the thin felt is 30-60g/m2。
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112779645A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-11 | 南京玻璃纤维研究设计院有限公司 | Multilayer combined structure three-dimensional fabric and preparation method thereof |
| CN112779646A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 南京玻璃纤维研究设计院有限公司 | Tubular three-dimensional fabric and rapid forming preparation method thereof |
| CN113638134A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-11-12 | 天津工业大学 | High-volume-fraction high-performance needling preform and preparation method thereof |
| CN114411306A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-04-29 | 南京玻璃纤维研究设计院有限公司 | Prefabricated body with preset pore channels and yarn retaining function and preparation method thereof |
| CN114836898A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-02 | 江苏天鸟高新技术股份有限公司 | Needled carbon fiber net felt and preparation method and application thereof |
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2019
- 2019-10-24 CN CN201921801337.7U patent/CN211367942U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112779645A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-11 | 南京玻璃纤维研究设计院有限公司 | Multilayer combined structure three-dimensional fabric and preparation method thereof |
| CN112779646A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 南京玻璃纤维研究设计院有限公司 | Tubular three-dimensional fabric and rapid forming preparation method thereof |
| CN113638134A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-11-12 | 天津工业大学 | High-volume-fraction high-performance needling preform and preparation method thereof |
| CN114411306A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-04-29 | 南京玻璃纤维研究设计院有限公司 | Prefabricated body with preset pore channels and yarn retaining function and preparation method thereof |
| CN114411306B (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-05-05 | 南京玻璃纤维研究设计院有限公司 | Prefabricated body with preset pore canal and yarn residing thereon and preparation method thereof |
| CN114836898A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-02 | 江苏天鸟高新技术股份有限公司 | Needled carbon fiber net felt and preparation method and application thereof |
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