CN104711775A - Continuous dispersible filament fiber needled felt and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Continuous dispersible filament fiber needled felt and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multidirectional continuous fiber perform combining a non-woven technology and a multidirectional layering technology and compounding chopped fibers and filaments, and particularly relates to a continuous fiber felt. The continuous fiber felt is characterized in that multidirectional layering is carried out on continuous dispersible filaments which are introduced from a bobbin creel and are arranged in a one-way and parallel extension manner and the continuous dispersible filaments are alternatively laminated and thickened for needling into a whole body. The continuous fiber felt is high in porosity and adopts multidirectional continuous filament for distribution. The filament fiber needled felt is conventionally used for filtering, also can be used as a reinforcing material of various fiber composite materials or can be used as a reinforcement of porous materials or foaming materials, especially can be directly used for heat-insulating materials and also can be used for filtering materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the multidirectional continuous fibers precast body that a kind of staple fiber of nonwoven techniques and multidirectional laying technology being combined and long filament are complex as a whole, specifically a kind of continuous filament yarn distributed fibers bundle that bobbin creel will draw the unidirectional stretched straight parallel arrangement of getting off is through multidirectional laying, thicken and acupuncture all-in-one-piece continuous fibers felt with staple fiber net alternative stacked, high, the multidirectional continuous filament yarn distribution of this continuous fibers felt porosity.Described filament fiber Nomex, except routine is for except filtering, also can be used as the reinforcing material of all kinds of fibrous composite, or as the reinforcement material of porous material or expanded material, especially can be directly used in heat-insulating heat-preserving material.
Background technology
Nomex is as the important kind of in nonwoven material, and common kind has terylene needled felt, pps Nomex, fiberglass needled mat, carbon fiber Nomex etc.Because it has extensive, rational in infrastructure, the advantage such as intensity is large, elastic recovery is good of drawing materials, be widely applied in filtration art, the research of Nomex has also been come into one's own day by day.
The Chinese invention " a kind of production method of needled and spunlaced composite nonwovens for filter materials " of application number 200910111989.2 discloses a kind of production method of needled and spunlaced composite nonwovens for filter materials, comprise the steps: that (1) is by shredding mixing, combing, the lapping respectively of two kinds of identical or different fibers, form fiber web, and be superimposed together; (2) carry out pre-needling, formin felt to the two layer web after superimposed, wherein needling density is 200 ~ 300 pins/cm
2; (3) aforementioned plain felt is sent into the fine current of high speed and carry out spray thorn, the initial hydraulic pressure of the fine current of this high speed is 20 bar, and hydraulic pressure is thereafter greater than or equal to 20 bar and less than or equal to 400 bar; (4) dry at 100 ~ 250 DEG C.The features such as the non-weaving cloth utilizing this production method to make has that hole is little and porosity is high, powerful high, smooth surface, softness, have the characteristics such as easy-to-clean ash, running resistance are low and stable, filtration efficiency, high filtering precision during use.In above-mentioned steps (1), described fiber is the mixing of a kind of in glass fibre, basalt fibre, polyster fibre, polypropylene fiber, homopolyacrylonitrile fibre, aramid fiber, polysulphonamide fiber, polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide fiber and polytetrafluoroethylene fibre or at least two kinds.
The Chinese invention " a kind of production technology of high temperature glass Nomex " of application number 201310343439.X discloses a kind of production technology of high temperature glass Nomex, comprises base cloth, carding, material loading acupuncture, dyeization, bag.The filter felt adopting the present invention to produce extends service life, and high for air drag small porosity, corrosion-resistant and high temperature resistant aspect successful, plays good filtration.But need acupuncture on base cloth, technique is complicated, cost is high destroys base cloth comparatively large, cause hole excessive, interface cohesion is bad, and the density of fibrofelt is higher, not easily fluffy, and use be staple fibre, intensity, porosity etc. all do not reach requirement.
The Chinese invention " a kind of blast furnace gas Nomex produced for iron and steel " of application number 201410399756.8 discloses a kind of blast furnace gas Nomex filtrate produced for iron and steel, polyester fiber layer is provided with inside described base cloth layer, polyester fiber layer is inner is connected with terylene conduction base cloth layer by stickup, in the present invention, terylene needled felt adopts nonwoven needled technology utilization fiber to be staggered, the thin fiber cloth that space is evenly distributed, the Nomex surface having twist yarn to produce with polyester staple fiber and terylene is through hot rolling, singe or the post processing such as coating, make its surfacing smooth, not easily block by dust, this invention filtrate voidage is large, permeability is better, chemical resistance stability is strong, not only can to come gas at normal temperature, and be suitable for containing acid and alkali corrosion gas, the blast furnace gas produced for iron and steel has extraordinary effect, effective anti-sealing and various greasy dirt can attach and permeate, compared with ordinary filter, not only there is the characteristic of waterproof and oilproof, and to dust, there is resistive connection and easy fissility, adopt the design of terylene conduction base cloth layer, there is electrostatic-proof function, ensure the safety of producing.
The Chinese invention " a kind of preparation method of composite fibre Nomex " of application number 200410024542.9 discloses a kind of preparation method of the composite fibre Nomex be made up of glass fibre and polypropylene fibre.By composite fibre by thread eye introduce filament throwing roller two rollers between, because the effect of inertia and gravity falls on conveyer belt, through twice needling action, its structure is fixed, be evenly distributed, again by pressure roller by after its compacting, width needed for being intercepted by cutting knife, and wind up composite fibre Nomex.
The Chinese invention " braided fabric Nomex aggregate and preparation method thereof " of application number 201210558969.1 discloses a kind of braided fabric Nomex aggregate and preparation method thereof, the method, by continuous function fibrage nitride layer and the thick braid layer compound of continuous function fibre bulk yarn, obtains integrated fabric; Then cut functional fibre acupuncture carpet veneer braid layer compound thick with the continuous function fibre bulk yarn of described integrated fabric by needling action by short, obtain braided fabric Nomex aggregate.Braided fabric Nomex aggregate provided by the invention is a kind of lightweight, high-strength, the fiber collection body structure with staged variable density, under isopyknic prerequisite, described braided fabric Nomex aggregate can loss of weight more than 30% than complete braided fabric, but mechanical property is suitable, better than the mechanical property of complete staple fiber Nomex; Also can save fiber raw material more than 30%, preparation technology is simple, and the production cycle is shorter simultaneously.
The Chinese invention " a kind of silicon carbide fiber needle felt and preparation method thereof " of application number 201310712863.7 discloses a kind of silicon carbide fiber needle felt and preparation method thereof, this felt by Polycarbosilane fusion-free fibre through prescinding shredding, air-flow combing, become tire, acupuncture, high temperature inorganic make.The silicon carbide fiber needle felt that the present invention prepares is on the basis of former carbide piece felt, individual layer acupuncture and lamination acupuncture is carried out along Z-direction, while greatly improving Z-direction mechanical property, X-Y to mechanical property and thermophysical property also more non-Nomex increase significantly, greatly expand its range of application, especially wide application prospect in fields such as high temperature filtration, high-temperature catalytic, preparation SiCf/SiC composites.
More than invent or all use staple fibre, even if use long fiber, because the endless tow used is traditional non-dispersive type, the fibrofelt containing traditional non-dispersive type endless tow is made to there is following shortcoming: the existence of (1) fiber filament bundle surface glue, have impact on interface cohesion; (2) density of fibrofelt is higher, not easily fluffy; (3) in acupuncture course, more easy damaged fiber.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome that density that is not enough as interface binding power during composite material reinforcement body containing non-dispersive continuous long strand Nomex, fibrofelt is higher, the deficiency of more easy damaged fiber in acupuncture course, on the basis solving long filament dispersion problem, provide a kind of and directly add the long filament of angle of inclination lay and the method preparing continuous filament fibers Nomex of staple fiber net lamination acupuncture by continuous fibers decentralized filamentary tow work 0 degree of laid in parallel or 0 degree of laid in parallel.Improve the porosity of fibrofelt, reduce product cost, give the comprehensive serviceability that fibrofelt is more excellent.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex, comprise the following steps:
(1) first by high-speed air dispersion device, the one boundling shape continuous filament yarn with surperficial sizing agent or surface glue is separated in monofilament shape fluffy continuous filament yarn distributed fibers bundle, is wound into continuous filament yarn pine formula cheese through loose formula for subsequent use;
(2) again according to the design needs of angle and the number of plies, 0 degree of direction or 0 degree of direction is become to add the fluffy yarn sheet yarn of tilt angle continuous filament yarn described loose formula cheese lay by needled non-woven cloth technique, by the rotary laminated lay lay of multi-direction multi-angle, the continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex of multi-direction multi-angle can be formed;
(3) determine each layer thickness and the interval number of plies according to design needs, in lamination laid course, staple fiber net (net tire) alternately need be laid between the fluffy yarn sheet yarn of continuous filament yarn;
(4) after completing lay design and lay operation, by doing upper and lower acupuncture campaign with the pricker of acicular hook, thrust by staple fiber in described staple fiber net in the fluffy yarn sheet yarn of described continuous filament yarn, the staple fibre thrust is connected with the fluffy yarn sheet yarn of continuous filament yarn, forms interlayer and connects.By the ascending motion of needle plate, constantly increase laying number, thus form described continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex.The staple fiber of staple fiber net to be each to equally distributed length be 50mm ~ 80mm is made through licker-in compacting by the technique such as carding, crossing stack again, and the thickness of described staple fiber net is 1mm-8mm; In same layer continuous filament yarn fluffy yarn sheet yarn, the lay angle of continuous filament yarn is identical, and the thickness of the fluffy yarn sheet yarn of described continuous filament yarn is 1mm-6mm.
Described continuous filament yarn comprises carbon fiber or glass fibre or the cheese long filament such as PAN base oxidization fiber or chemical fibre; Described staple fiber comprises carbon fiber or glass fibre or PAN base oxidization fiber or chemical fibre etc.Usually, in the fibrofelt of same specification, the long filament of identical type coordinates the staple fiber of identical type to use together.
Described high-speed air dispersion device is a kind of cylindric metal special-purpose member with axially extending bore, the aperture of 3 ~ 6 straight-through axially extending bores is had along cylinder interlude circumference, high velocity air enters in these 3 ~ 6 apertures by gauge tap, air-flow vertically blows to the endless tow that continues through axially extending bore and endless tow is dispelled, through loose formula winding by shaping for the winding filament dispelled.
Any bonding agent or hot-melt adhesive is not added in described preparation method;
The continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex that the present invention provides said method to prepare simultaneously, described continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex is all connected in aggregates with long filament by acupuncture mechanism by staple fiber, fiber consumption is less, porosity is higher, product cost is lower, and heat insulating effect is better;
Described continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex thickness is 8mm ~ 200mm, and fabric width is 1200mm ~ 2200mm, grammes per square metre 200-500g/m
2.
Described continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex can be applicable to the reinforcement etc. that composite strengthens precast body, prepreg base material, expanded material; Described Nomex is one of desirable base material of band winding and laying composite technology, and being also one of Multilayer multi-corner degree acupuncture base material, is a kind of basic material of multifunction structure integration.For filtering, to have filter efficiency high, effective, the advantage such as to reuse, with low cost after capable of washing.
Beneficial effect
The continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex that preparation method of the present invention produces, be a kind of not containing the fibrofelt of any bonding agent, the multidirectional distribution of continuous filament yarn, it is by staple fiber net and dispersed continuous filament yarn sheet yarn compact siro spinning technology all-in-one-piece fibrofelt by needling action.Needled non-woven cloth technology based on dispersion long filament technology thickens technology with lamination acupuncture and combines, and forms multidirectional, high porosity fibrofelt.Can carry out resin compounded or dipping infiltration sintering or carry out CVD process combining deposition etc., Nomex Stability Analysis of Structures of the present invention, intensity is better, porosity is high, and mechanical property can design.Compared with allied fiber felt disclosed in prior art, the fibrofelt thickness obtained by preparation method of the present invention is thicker, elasticity better, and made fibrofelt bulking intensity can improve 15%-50%; Porosity can improve 10%-40%.Due to the existence of decentralized endless tow, fiber microchannel is trickleer, is more conducive to resin infiltration, easier carburizing and deposition.Comparatively low-density, Stability Analysis of Structures can be obtained, the composite be evenly distributed.Described filament fiber Nomex can be used as the reinforcing material of all kinds of fibrous composite, or as the reinforcement material of porous material or expanded material, especially can be directly used in heat-insulating heat-preserving material.Compared with chopped mat or the fibrofelt containing non-dispersive type continuous long strand, the long filament in fibrofelt of the present invention is dispergated in monofilament, is thickening in acupuncture course as lamination, and be not easy to damage fiber, fiber is more easily brought into fibrofelt inside by pricker.Owing to there is the decentralized long filament of multiple directions, fiber microchannel is more crisscross, is more conducive to resin infiltration, easier carburizing and deposition.Fiber consumption in product unit volume is less, and porosity is higher, and product cost is lower, and the heat insulating effect of product is better.The present invention solves long filament dispersion problem well, improves the porosity of fibrofelt, reduces product cost, gives the comprehensive serviceability that fibrofelt is more excellent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiment 1 decentralized filament fiber Nomex structural representation continuously;
Fig. 2 is embodiment 1 continuous filament yarn distributed fibers bundle lay angle schematic diagram;
In figure: 1-staple fiber net, 2-continuous filament yarn fluffy yarn sheet yarn, 3-0 ° direction continuous filament yarn distributed fibers bundle, 4-bear 45 ° of direction continuous filament yarn distributed fibers bundles, the positive 45 ° of direction continuous filament yarn distributed fibers bundles of 5-.
Detailed description of the invention
1. first by high-speed air dispersion device, the one boundling shape continuous filament yarn with surperficial sizing agent or surface glue is separated into the fluffy decentralized continuous long strand in monofilament shape, is wound into loose formula cheese through loose formula for subsequent use.Raw materials is the endless tow containing surperficial sizing agent or surface glue, and in every synnema, contained number of filaments is not from 1000 to 48000 etc.;
2., through the structural design to fibrofelt, the design number of plies is no less than 3 layers.By needled non-woven cloth technique, the fluffy yarn long filament lay on described loose formula cheese is become 0 degree of direction bunches of threads yarn, or lay becomes 0 degree of direction to add tilt angle fluffy yarn bunches of threads yarn; By rotary laminated lay lay that is multi-direction, multi-angle, continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex multi-angle sandwich construction can be formed; Multi-angle refers to that continuous filament yarn is except 0 ° of direction, and other direction is pressed with 0 ° of direction for center line, symmetrical angle direction arrangement.It is 0 degree of direction along the direction that long filament stretches.In same layer, long filament angle is identical, the bunches of threads yarn interval lay of different angles, lay staple fiber net between bunches of threads yarn;
3. determine each layer thickness and the interval number of plies according to design needs, in lamination laid course, staple fiber net tire interlayer alternately need be laid between the fluffy yarn sheet yarn of continuous filament yarn;
4. after completing lay design and lay operation, by doing upper and lower acupuncture campaign with the pricker of acicular hook, thrust by the staple fibre in described net tire in the fluffy yarn sheet yarn of described continuous filament yarn, filament layer is connected by the staple fibre thrust, and forms interlayer and connects.By the ascending motion of needle plate, constantly increase laying number, thus form described continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex.
The staple fiber of described staple fiber net to be each to equally distributed length be 50mm ~ 80mm is consisted of through licker-in compacting the technique such as carding, crossing stack again, thickness 1mm ~ 8mm.
Embodiment 1
A preparation method for continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex, comprises the following steps:
(1) first by high-speed air dispersion device, the one boundling shape continuous filament yarn with surperficial sizing agent is separated in monofilament shape fluffy continuous filament yarn distributed fibers bundle, is wound into loose formula cheese through loose formula for subsequent use;
(2) through the structural design to fibrofelt, the design number of plies is 7 layers, fluffy yarn long filament lay on described loose formula cheese is become 0 degree of direction bunches of threads yarn, positive 45 ° of direction bunches of threads yarns, negative 45 ° of direction bunches of threads yarns and staple fiber net alternative stacked lay, to form multi-angle sandwich construction by needled non-woven cloth technique;
(3) after completing lay design and lay operation, by doing upper and lower acupuncture campaign with the pricker of acicular hook, staple fibre in described net tire is thrust in the fluffy yarn sheet yarn of described continuous filament yarn, filament layer links into an integrated entity by the staple fibre thrust, and forms the interlayer mutually tangled between long and short fiber and connects.By the ascending motion of needle plate, constantly increase laying number, thus make continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex.
Staple fiber net thickness is 1mm-8mm, by each be that the staple fiber of 40mm-80mm is consisted of through flower roller and pre-needling technique techniques such as carding, 90 degree of crossing stacks again to equally distributed length.
Described long filament is the fibre bundle such as carbon fiber, glass fibre; Described staple fiber is carbon fiber, glass chopped fiber.Usually, in the fibrofelt of same specification, the long filament of identical type coordinates the staple fiber of identical type to use together.
The continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex that said method prepares, has the advantages that density of texture is even, space even, good springiness, structural strength are excellent.
Embodiment 2
A preparation method for continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex, comprises the following steps:
(1) first by high-speed air dispersion device, the one boundling shape continuous filament yarn with surface glue is separated in monofilament shape fluffy continuous filament yarn distributed fibers bundle, is wound into loose formula cheese through loose formula for subsequent use;
(2) through the structural design to fibrofelt, the design number of plies is 3 layers, and by needled non-woven cloth technique, the fluffy yarn long filament lay on described loose formula cheese is become 0 degree of direction bunches of threads yarn, the staple fiber net of interval lay is adjacent one deck.
(3) determine each layer thickness and the interval number of plies according to design needs, in lamination laid course, need staple fiber net (net tire) interlayer is alternately laid between the fluffy yarn sheet yarn of continuous filament yarn;
(4) after completing lay design and lay operation, by doing upper and lower acupuncture campaign with the pricker of acicular hook, staple fibre in described net tire is thrust in the fluffy yarn sheet yarn of described continuous filament yarn, filament layer is connected by the staple fibre thrust, and forms the interlayer mutually tangled between long and short fiber and connects.By the ascending motion of needle plate, constantly increase laying number, thus form described continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex.
Staple fiber net thickness is 4mm, by each be that the staple fiber of 60mm is consisted of through licker-in compacting the technique such as carding, crossing stack again to equally distributed length.
Described long filament is carbon fiber or PAN base oxidization fiber; Described staple fiber is carbon fiber or PAN base oxidization fiber.
The continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex that said method prepares, has the advantages that density of texture is even, space even, good springiness, structural strength are excellent.
Embodiment 3
A preparation method for continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex, comprises the following steps:
(1) first by high-speed air dispersion device, the one boundling shape continuous filament yarn with surperficial sizing agent or surface glue is separated in monofilament shape fluffy continuous filament yarn distributed fibers bundle, is wound into loose formula cheese through loose formula for subsequent use;
(2) through the structural design to fibrofelt, designing the number of plies minimum is 3 layers, and by needled non-woven cloth technique, the fluffy yarn long filament lay on described loose formula cheese is become positive 60 degree of direction bunches of threads yarns, the staple fiber net tire of interval lay is adjacent one deck.
(3) determine each layer thickness and the interval number of plies according to design needs, in lamination laid course, need staple fiber net (net tire) interlayer is alternately laid between the fluffy yarn sheet yarn of continuous filament yarn;
(4) after completing lay design and lay operation, by doing upper and lower acupuncture campaign with the pricker of acicular hook, thrust by the staple fibre in described net tire in the fluffy yarn sheet yarn of described continuous filament yarn, filament layer is connected by the staple fibre thrust, and forms interlayer and connects.By the ascending motion of needle plate, constantly increase laying number, thus form described continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex.
Staple fiber net 8mm is thickness, by each be that the staple fiber of 80mm is consisted of through licker-in compacting the technique such as carding, crossing stack again to equally distributed length.
Described long filament is pre-oxygen filament fiber; Described staple fiber is pre-oxygen staple fibre.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex, comprises the following steps:
(1) first the one boundling shape continuous filament yarn with surperficial sizing agent or surface glue is separated in monofilament shape fluffy continuous filament yarn distributed fibers bundle, is coiled into loose formula cheese for subsequent use;
(2) 0 degree of direction or 0 degree of direction is become to add the fluffy yarn sheet yarn of tilt angle continuous filament yarn described loose formula cheese lay by needled non-woven cloth technique;
(3), after needing to determine each layer thickness and the interval number of plies according to design, staple fiber net and the fluffy yarn sheet yarn of continuous filament yarn are carried out alternative stacked lay;
(4) after completing lamination lay, by doing upper and lower acupuncture campaign with the pricker of acicular hook, staple fiber in staple fiber net is thrust in the fluffy yarn sheet yarn of continuous filament yarn, the staple fibre thrust is connected with the fluffy yarn sheet yarn of continuous filament yarn, formation interlayer connects, thus forms described continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex.
2. the preparation method of continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described staple fiber net is each to equally distributed, and length is that the staple fiber of 50mm ~ 80mm is made by carding, crossing stack, licker-in compacting.
3. the preparation method of continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the thickness of described staple fiber net is 1mm-8mm.
4. the preparation method of continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the thickness of the fluffy yarn sheet yarn of described continuous filament yarn is 1mm-6mm.
5. the preparation method of continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in same layer continuous filament yarn fluffy yarn sheet yarn, the lay angle of continuous filament yarn distributed fibers bundle is identical.
6. the preparation method of continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described continuous filament yarn comprises carbon fiber or glass fibre or PAN base oxidization fiber or chemical fibre; Described staple fiber comprises carbon fiber or glass fibre or PAN base oxidization fiber or chemical fibre.
7. the preparation method of continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex according to claim 1, is characterized in that, not add any bonding agent or hot-melt adhesive
8. the continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex that according to claim 1-7 prepared by preparation method.
9. continuous decentralized filament fiber Nomex according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, thickness is 8mm ~ 200mm, and fabric width is 1200mm ~ 2200mm, grammes per square metre 200-500g/m
2.
10. continuously decentralized filament fiber Nomex strengthens application in precast body, prepreg base material, expanded material reinforcement, acupuncture base material, heat-insulation and heat-preservation and filtration at composite according to claim 8 or claim 9.
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