CN211367611U - Heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system - Google Patents
Heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system Download PDFInfo
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- CN211367611U CN211367611U CN201921910588.9U CN201921910588U CN211367611U CN 211367611 U CN211367611 U CN 211367611U CN 201921910588 U CN201921910588 U CN 201921910588U CN 211367611 U CN211367611 U CN 211367611U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a long-lived blast furnace hearth system of heat conduction type, this long-lived blast furnace hearth system of heat conduction type includes: the stove outer covering and set up the resistant material of heat conduction type furnace hearth in this stove outer covering, the resistant material of heat conduction type furnace hearth includes: the refractory material comprises a first hearth refractory material and a second hearth refractory material which are arranged from inside to outside, wherein the surface of the first hearth refractory material is of a concave-convex structure. The utility model is favorable for the long service life of the blast furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a metallurgical industry ironmaking field, concretely relates to long-lived blast furnace hearth system of heat conduction type.
Background
The weak links of the service life of the blast furnace are the furnace bottom, the furnace hearth, the furnace belly, the furnace waist and the lower part of the furnace body. The temperature of molten iron and slag in the furnace cylinder is generally 1450-2300 ℃, and particularly, a large amount of coal gas is generated by burning coke in the tuyere zone, which is the zone with the highest temperature in the blast furnace and the temperature of the zone is 2000-2300 ℃. As a refractory material for the inner liners of the furnace bottom and the furnace hearth, the refractory material is subjected to the action of high temperature and the chemical erosion of iron slag and the scouring of molten iron. The hearth and the hearth of the blast furnace are the areas of the blast furnace with the highest load, and the service life of the hearth and the hearth determines the length of the service life of the blast furnace.
Hearth systems of blast furnaces at home and abroad can be classified into two types: heat insulation type composite construction, heat conduction type all-carbon brick structure.
The heat insulation type composite structure mainly has a carbon brick and ceramic cup structure, and has the main defects that: the irreversible consumption protection of the ceramic cup causes great difference in thermal expansion between the ceramic cup and the carbon brick, which causes concentration of internal stress and easily causes phenomena of upwarp of a tuyere, cracking of a furnace shell and the like. The expansion gap between the ceramic cup and the carbon brick is easy to enrich alkali metal, and a channel is provided for zinc steam, molten iron and coal gas; moreover, the method is contradictory to a hearth heat transfer system, and hearth cooling water is useless and has large loss; when the erosion of the ceramic cup is almost finished, the ceramic cup can suddenly collapse locally and cannot quickly form a protective layer, so that the carbon brick is directly exposed in molten iron without protection, and the erosion of the carbon brick is accelerated.
The heat-conducting all-carbon brick structure mainly has the following defects: the carbon brick has poor molten iron corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and scouring resistance; the formed slag iron protective layer is not stable enough due to the existence of molten iron circulation and solidification latent heat; in addition, the carbon brick has high temperature, easy erosion and easy embrittlement, and the heat loss of the hearth is large.
With the progress of refractory technology in recent years, novel high-performance refractory materials are continuously generated, the protection of the refractory materials on the bottom of a blast furnace is greatly improved, but the circulation of molten iron in a hearth still aggravates the corrosion of the refractory materials of the hearth during tapping, and the service life of the blast furnace is seriously influenced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model provides a long-lived blast furnace hearth system of heat conduction type to solve the above-mentioned problem that seriously influences blast furnace life because the circulation of molten iron in the hearth aggravates the erosion to the refractory material of hearth during tapping.
According to the utility model provides a long-lived blast furnace hearth system of heat conduction type, include: the stove outer covering and setting are in the resistant material of heat conduction type furnace hearth in the stove outer covering, the resistant material of heat conduction type furnace hearth includes: the refractory material comprises a first hearth refractory material and a second hearth refractory material which are arranged from inside to outside, wherein the surface of the first hearth refractory material is of a concave-convex structure.
Wherein, the furnace shell is a conical furnace shell with the outer diameter gradually reduced from bottom to top.
The heat conductivity coefficient of the heat-conducting hearth refractory material is reduced from the cold surface to the hot surface of the refractory material.
Preferably, the first hearth refractory is of a ceramic composite brick structure, and the second hearth refractory is of a carbon brick structure, wherein the ceramic composite brick is arranged in a concave-convex structure.
Further, the system further comprises: and the temperature measuring elements are arranged at different positions of the refractory material of the hearth.
Further, the heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system further comprises: and the hearth cooling system is connected with the heat-conducting hearth refractory material and is used for providing cooling water for the hearth refractory material.
Further, the heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system further comprises: the hearth refractory monitoring sensor is connected with the temperature measuring elements and the hearth cooling system respectively and used for monitoring the temperature of the hearth refractory and monitoring the cooling water quantity and the cooling water temperature of the hearth cooling system through the temperature measuring elements.
Further, the heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system further comprises: and the control equipment is respectively connected with the hearth cooling system and the hearth refractory monitoring sensor and is used for controlling the cooling water quantity and the cooling water temperature in the hearth cooling system according to the temperature of the hearth refractory monitored by the hearth refractory monitoring sensor so as to realize the temperature control of the hearth refractory.
According to the above technical scheme, concave-convex structure's refractory material internal surface of furnace hearth is at the in-process with slag and molten iron contact, be favorable to forming the slag iron protective layer on the surface, compare with current smooth refractory material surface of furnace hearth, concave-convex structure surface is favorable to the stability of slag iron protective layer more, form more effective protection to refractory material of furnace hearth, thereby can solve among the prior art because the circulation of molten iron aggravates the erosion of refractory material of furnace hearth during the tapping seriously influence blast furnace life's problem, the embodiment of the utility model provides an in concave-convex structure's refractory material internal surface of furnace hearth be favorable to the longlife of blast furnace.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a concave-convex structure of refractory material of a hearth according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic views of the surface of a conventional smooth hearth refractory;
fig. 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams of a concave-convex structure of refractory material of a hearth according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a detailed structural schematic diagram of a heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
1: a furnace shell;
2: a hearth cooling system;
3: a temperature measuring element;
4: a second hearth refractory (a large carbon brick);
5: a first hearth refractory (small ceramic composite bricks);
51: small sunken ceramic composite bricks;
52: small raised ceramic composite bricks;
6: a hearth refractory monitoring sensor;
7: and controlling the equipment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention are combined below to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
For the current blast furnace hearth system, in the conventional design, the refractory surface of the hearth close to molten iron is generally a smooth surface, which is not favorable for the stability of a slag iron protective layer on the refractory surface and the long-term stable operation of the hearth. And the furnace shell corresponding to the hearth is in a cylindrical shape with the same diameter from bottom to top, when the refractory material of the hearth is subjected to the buoyancy of molten iron and has the tendency of floating upwards, the refractory material of the hearth is prevented from floating upwards only by the friction force between the furnace shell and the refractory material of the hearth, the furnace shell does not have extra constraint on the refractory material of the hearth, and the refractory material of the hearth is easy to damage.
With the progress of refractory technology in recent years, novel high-performance refractory materials are continuously generated, the protection of the refractory materials on the bottom of a blast furnace is greatly improved, but the circulation of molten iron in a hearth still aggravates the corrosion of the refractory materials of the hearth during tapping, and the service life of the blast furnace is seriously influenced.
Therefore, the novel refractory material is fully utilized, and the long-life hearth system is researched, so that the method has great significance for prolonging the service life of the blast furnace and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the blast furnace.
Based on this, the embodiment of the utility model provides a long-lived blast furnace hearth system of heat conduction type to thereby solve above-mentioned because the circulation aggravation of the interior molten iron of hearth when tapping has seriously influenced blast furnace life's problem to the erosion of hearth resistant material.
In the embodiment of the utility model, the long-lived blast furnace hearth system of heat conduction type includes: stove outer covering, hearth, stove bottom, setting are in stove bottom resistant material on the stove bottom and setting are in the refractory material of the hearth on the hearth, wherein, the refractory material of the hearth specifically includes: the first hearth resistant material and the second hearth resistant material that set up by interior to exterior, first hearth resistant material surface sets up to concave-convex structure, and this concave-convex structure's hearth resistant material internal surface is at the in-process with slag and molten iron contact, is favorable to forming the iron slag protective layer on the surface, compares with current smooth hearth resistant material surface, the utility model discloses a concave-convex structure surface is favorable to the stability of iron slag protective layer more, forms more effective protection to the hearth resistant material, thereby can solve among the prior art because the aggravation circulation hearth resistant material's of molten iron erosion seriously influences blast furnace life's problem in the furnace hearth when tapping, the utility model provides an in concave-convex structure's hearth resistant material internal surface be favorable to the longe-lived of blast furnace.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight as shown in fig. 1: the furnace casing 1, the hearth cooling system 2, the temperature measuring element 3, the second hearth refractory 4 of the heat conductive hearth refractory, and the first hearth refractory (including 51 and 52). The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in figure 1, the whole hearth system adopts an inclined hearth structure, the outer diameter of a furnace shell 1 of the hearth is gradually reduced from bottom to top, the furnace shell is conical, and the included angle between the furnace shell and the horizontal plane is about 83 degrees. The refractory material of the hearth is tightly attached to the furnace shell in the furnace shell, and when the refractory material of the hearth is floated by the buoyancy of molten iron and tends to float upwards, the conical furnace shell with the gradually reduced outer diameter from bottom to top can bind the refractory material of the hearth downwards, so that the potential safety hazard that the refractory material of the hearth is damaged is reduced.
In actual operation, the furnace hearth can be made of a high-performance novel refractory material (referred to as refractory material for short), the high-performance novel refractory material has good molten iron penetration resistance, corrosion resistance and scouring resistance, and can provide guarantee for the normal work of a first-generation furnace service; the thermal expansion coefficient of the novel refractory material is far lower than that of the conventional and commonly used ceramic cup material, so that the phenomena of upwarp of an air port and cracking of a furnace shell caused by excessive thermal expansion deformation of the refractory material can be avoided.
In one embodiment, the heat conduction hearth refractory material is designed by introducing heat transfer chemistry, and the heat conductivity of the hearth refractory material tends to decrease from the cold surface to the hot surface of the refractory material. For example, the hearth refractory may be a carbon composite brick having thermal conductivity coefficients of 16.21, 14.27, and 13.78 at 300 ℃, 600 ℃, and 800 ℃.
The heat conductivity coefficient of the refractory material is reduced from the cold surface to the hot surface of the blast furnace, which accords with the design principle of the hearth, is beneficial to quickly forming a slag iron protective layer on the hot surface of refractory materials in the production process of the blast furnace, effectively isolates the direct contact between slag and molten iron and the refractory materials of the hearth, and forms a long-acting mechanism for protecting the hearth.
In actual operation, the first hearth refractory of the hearth refractory can be a ceramic composite brick structure, the ceramic composite brick is arranged in a concave-convex structure, and the second hearth refractory can be a carbon brick structure.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the carbon brick near the furnace shell is of a large-block carbon brick 4 structure, and the ceramic composite material near the molten iron is of a small-block ceramic composite brick 5 structure. The small ceramic composite bricks close to molten iron are arranged in a concave-convex mode as shown in fig. 2, and the small concave ceramic composite bricks 51 and the small convex ceramic composite bricks 52 enable the inner surface of the hearth refractory material to be in an uneven concave-convex structure. During production and operation, a slag iron protective layer can be formed on the inner surface of the hearth refractory material by the slag and the molten iron, and compared with the smooth refractory material surface shown in fig. 3 and 4, the surface of the concave-convex structure shown in fig. 5 and 6 is more favorable for stabilizing the slag iron protective layer, forming more effective protection on the hearth refractory material and being favorable for prolonging the service life of the blast furnace.
In practical operation, a plurality of temperature measuring elements 3 can be arranged at different positions of the refractory material of the hearth for measuring the temperature of the refractory material of the hearth.
Specifically, the hearth cooling system 2 is connected with the hearth refractory, and can surround the hearth refractory to provide cooling water for the hearth and the refractory thereof so as to adjust the temperature of the hearth and the refractory thereof.
As shown in fig. 7, the system further includes: and the independent hearth refractory monitoring sensor 6 is respectively connected with the plurality of temperature measuring elements and the hearth cooling system, and the hearth refractory monitoring sensor 6 can monitor the temperature of the hearth refractory, the cooling water amount of the hearth cooling system 2 and the water temperatures before and after cooling at any time.
The above system may further include: and the control equipment 7 is respectively connected with the hearth cooling system 2 and the hearth refractory monitoring sensor 6, and the control equipment 7 can control the cooling water quantity and the cooling water temperature in the hearth cooling system according to the temperature of the hearth refractory obtained by the hearth refractory monitoring sensor 6 through monitoring the temperature measuring element 3 so as to realize the temperature control of the hearth refractory.
In the specific implementation process, after the monitoring data is obtained, the control equipment can automatically adjust the cooling water quantity and/or the cooling water temperature of the hearth cooling system according to a preset program, so that the cooling strength of the refractory material of the hearth meets the set requirement, and the long-term stable operation of the hearth is ensured.
The blast furnace system comprises the blast furnace hearth system and a furnace bottom system, wherein the furnace bottom system specifically comprises: the furnace bottom and the furnace bottom refractory materials, an independent furnace bottom cooling system and an independent furnace bottom refractory material monitoring sensor. The furnace bottom refractory monitoring sensor can monitor the temperature of the furnace bottom refractory, the cooling water quantity of a furnace bottom refractory cooling system and the water temperature before and after cooling at any time. In actual operation, a plurality of temperature measuring elements can be arranged at different positions of the refractory material of the furnace bottom for measuring the temperature of the refractory material of the furnace bottom.
The control equipment can also control the cooling water quantity and the cooling water temperature in the furnace bottom cooling system according to the temperature of the furnace bottom refractory material obtained by the monitoring temperature measuring element by the furnace bottom refractory material monitoring sensor so as to realize the temperature control of the furnace bottom refractory material.
In summary, the heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system provided by the embodiment of the utility model has good heat-conducting property and low thermal expansion coefficient, and can avoid the phenomena of upwarp of the tuyere and cracking of the furnace shell; the stable slag iron protective layer can be quickly formed by arranging the inner surface of the hearth refractory material with the concave-convex structure, so that the long service life of the blast furnace is favorably realized; in addition, the heat conductivity coefficient of the refractory material of the furnace hearth is reduced from a cold surface to a hot surface, so that a slag iron protective layer can be quickly formed on the hot surface of the refractory material, and the furnace hearth can be effectively protected for a long time; the inclined hearth structure provided by the embodiment of the utility model can prevent the refractory material of the hearth from floating due to the buoyancy of the molten iron; in addition, by arranging the independent cooling system for the refractory material of the hearth and the independent monitoring sensor, the control equipment can control the cooling water quantity and the cooling water temperature according to the refractory material temperature of the hearth monitored by the monitoring sensor, so that the control on the cooling strength of the refractory material of the hearth is realized, and the control method has great significance for the safe and stable long-term operation of the blast furnace.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. The many features and advantages of the embodiments are apparent from the detailed specification, and thus, it is intended by the appended claims to cover all such features and advantages of the embodiments which fall within the true spirit and scope thereof. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the embodiments of the invention to the exact construction and operation illustrated and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope thereof.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention has been described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The present invention has been explained by using specific embodiments, and the explanation of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of the present invention, there are changes in the specific implementation and application scope, to sum up, the content of the present specification should not be understood as the limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system is characterized by comprising the following components: a furnace shell and a heat-conducting hearth refractory material arranged in the furnace shell,
the heat-conductive hearth refractory comprises: the refractory material comprises a first hearth refractory material and a second hearth refractory material which are arranged from inside to outside, wherein the surface of the first hearth refractory material is of a concave-convex structure.
2. The heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system according to claim 1, wherein said furnace shell is a conical furnace shell with an outer diameter gradually decreasing from bottom to top.
3. The heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system according to claim 1, wherein the heat conductivity of said heat-conducting hearth refractory decreases from a cold side to a hot side.
4. The heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system according to claim 1, wherein the first hearth refractory is of a ceramic composite brick structure, and the second hearth refractory is of a carbon brick structure, wherein the ceramic composite bricks are arranged in a concave-convex structure.
5. The thermally conductive long life blast furnace hearth system of claim 1, further comprising:
and the temperature measuring elements are arranged at different positions of the refractory material of the hearth.
6. The heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system according to claim 5, further comprising:
and the hearth cooling system is connected with the heat-conducting hearth refractory material and is used for providing cooling water for the hearth refractory material.
7. The heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system according to claim 6, further comprising:
and the hearth refractory monitoring sensor is respectively connected with the temperature measuring elements and is used for monitoring the temperature of the heat-conducting hearth refractory through the temperature measuring elements.
8. The heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system according to claim 7, wherein the hearth refractory monitoring sensor is further connected with the hearth cooling system and used for monitoring the cooling water quantity and the cooling water temperature of the hearth cooling system.
9. The thermally conductive long life blast furnace hearth system of claim 8, further comprising:
and the control equipment is respectively connected with the hearth cooling system and the hearth refractory monitoring sensor and is used for controlling the cooling water quantity and the cooling water temperature in the hearth cooling system according to the temperature of the hearth refractory monitored by the hearth refractory monitoring sensor so as to realize the temperature control of the hearth refractory.
10. The heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system according to claim 5, wherein said temperature measuring element is a thermocouple.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110669886A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-01-10 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system and control method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110669886A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-01-10 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Heat-conducting long-life blast furnace hearth system and control method thereof |
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