CN211318447U - Mortar constructability testing arrangement - Google Patents
Mortar constructability testing arrangement Download PDFInfo
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- CN211318447U CN211318447U CN201922088033.7U CN201922088033U CN211318447U CN 211318447 U CN211318447 U CN 211318447U CN 201922088033 U CN201922088033 U CN 201922088033U CN 211318447 U CN211318447 U CN 211318447U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a mortar constructability testing arrangement which characterized in that: comprises a base material, a trowel, a limiting movement device, a transmission device and a traction measuring device which are arranged on a workbench; when the traction end of the traction measuring device is retracted, the moving part or the trowel is drawn by the transmission device to move along the direction defined by the fixed part, so that the lower edge of the trowel moves in parallel from the upper side of the base material. The utility model discloses an adopt digital traction measurement device, accurate control trowel translation rate and to the pulling force-displacement numerical value in the trowel motion process measure and the record, can demonstrate the constructivity data of mortar wholly, objectively, comprehensively. Based on the tension-displacement curve, the result of integral or average operation of the overall test data is used as the evaluation index of the mortar construction performance, and the overall performance of the mortar construction performance can be effectively reflected.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the building mortar is experimental, concretely relates to mortar constructability testing arrangement.
Background
The building mortar has large amount and wide range, and the constructability of the building mortar has obvious influence on the construction speed, the labor intensity and the engineering quality; the mortar varieties with higher requirements on the constructability mainly comprise: common plastering mortar, thin-layer plastering mortar, plastering mortar for external thermal insulation systems, tile bonding mortar, plastering mortar for aerated concrete, interface mortar, putty, plastering gypsum, facing mortar, ground leveling mortar and the like, wherein the mortars are mostly manually leveled by using a trowel.
In the prior art, the workability of mortar is mainly expressed by consistency, fluidity (expansion degree) and loss rate thereof. However, they only indirectly represent the workability of mortar, and cannot faithfully reflect the quality of the workability of mortar. Therefore, in the actual engineering, the quality of the mortar construction performance has to be judged according to the actual operation hand feeling of construction workers; however, different workers and the same worker can evaluate the mortar workability at different time, so that the evaluation results are greatly different.
Therefore, chinese patent application 201811518425.6 discloses a mortar and putty workability detecting device, which can quantify the workability through the sliding distance of the sliding plate or the size of the pulling force, so that the workability detection is more accurate and reliable. However, this solution has the following problems: firstly, the self friction and other resistance interferences of different test devices (particularly sliding assemblies) are different, so that the measurement results of different devices are not comparable; secondly, when the sliding plate (equivalent to a trowel) moves on the surface of mortar, on one hand, the spring tension of the sliding plate is in a dynamic change state all the time due to uneven texture of the mortar, and on the other hand, the spring tension integrally shows a gradually increasing trend due to more and more mortar accumulated in front of the sliding plate in the moving process, so that accurate reading cannot be carried out by adopting a spring tension meter, and the error of the measurement result is larger.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the mortar construction performance testing device is simple in overall structure, convenient in operation process, accurate in measured data and strong in measuring result reference performance.
A mortar constructability testing device comprises a base material, a trowel 8, a limiting movement device, a transmission device and a traction measuring device, wherein the base material, the trowel 8 and the limiting movement device are arranged on a workbench 1; the base material is used for arranging mortar to be tested; the limiting movement device comprises a movement part and a fixing part, the fixing part is fixedly arranged on the workbench 1, and the movement part is movably connected to the fixing part; the trowel is arranged on the moving part, and the lower edge of the trowel faces the base material; the traction measuring device has the functions of carrying out traction control on the running speed of the traction end and carrying out data acquisition on the tension-displacement relation; the traction end of the traction measuring device is connected with the moving part or the trowel through the transmission device; when the traction end of the traction measuring device is retracted, the moving part or the trowel is drawn by the transmission device to move along the direction defined by the fixed part, so that the lower edge of the trowel moves in parallel from the upper side of the base material.
Further, the trowel is installed on the moving part through an adjusting device, and the adjusting device is used for adjusting the height and the inclination angle of the trowel relative to the mortar to be tested.
Further, the fixed parts of the limiting movement devices are slideways 2, the quantity of the slideways 2 is two, and the slideways are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the table top of the workbench 1; the motion portion is slider 3, the quantity of slider 3 is two, respectively with a slide 2 cooperation, can slide along slide 2 on slide 2's upper portion.
Further, the base material is a standard concrete plate with a rectangular structure and meeting JC/T547 requirements; the standard concrete slabs are fixedly arranged on the table top of the workbench 1 and positioned between the two slideways 2.
Further, the adjusting device comprises two connecting pieces I4 and a movable shaft 6; the two first connecting pieces 4 are respectively arranged at the upper parts of the two sliding blocks 3, and the upper parts of the two first connecting pieces 4 are provided with groove-shaped holes; the movable shaft 6 penetrates through the groove-shaped holes of the two first connecting pieces 4 and is fixed with the first connecting pieces 4 through nuts 5; the movable shaft 6 is provided with a screw hole for mounting a screw 7 and is used for fixing a trowel 8.
Further, the angle and height of the movable shaft 6 can be changed by adjusting the nut 5, so that the height and inclination angle of the trowel 8 can be adjusted.
Further, the distance between the two slideways 2 is more than 200mm, and the length of each slideway 2 is more than 400 mm; the adjustable angle of the movable shaft 6 is 360 degrees, and the adjustable height distance is more than 10 mm.
Further, the traction measuring device is an electronic universal testing machine 12.
Further, the transmission device comprises a steel wire rope 9, a first sliding assembly 10 and a second sliding assembly 11; one end of the steel wire rope 9 is fixed on the screw 7, and the other end of the steel wire rope passes through the first sliding component 10 and the second sliding component 11 and then is connected with a stretching head of the electronic universal testing machine 12; the first sliding assembly 10 is arranged at one end, close to the electronic universal testing machine 12, of the upper part of the workbench 1; the second sliding component 11 is arranged on a base of the electronic universal testing machine 12.
Further, the electronic universal testing machine 12 further comprises an upper computer for storing, analyzing and/or displaying the collected data.
Further, the upper computer is a desktop computer, a notebook computer or an industrial personal computer.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a mortar constructability testing arrangement possesses following beneficial effect: firstly, the moving speed of the trowel is controlled by adopting a digital traction measuring device, and the tension-displacement numerical value in the moving process of the trowel is measured and recorded, so that the construction performance data of the mortar can be integrally, objectively and comprehensively presented. Based on the tension-displacement curve, the result of integral or average operation of the overall test data is used as the evaluation index of the mortar construction performance, and the overall performance of the mortar construction performance can be effectively reflected. Meanwhile, by processing the data, the external interference of the equipment caused by friction and the like can be effectively eliminated, and the test results of different equipment are comparable; secondly, because the size of the mortar sample is fixed, the height and the angle of the trowel are fixed through the movable shaft, the sliding block and the slideway, and the displacement of the tensile machine in unit time is fixed, the test area, the test thickness and the test speed of the test sample are fixed, so that the test of the mortar constructability of the sample has high comparability; thirdly, because the tension-displacement curve of the sample is accurately recorded by using a computer, the difference between individuals caused by the judgment of hand feeling by a master worker in the prior art can be effectively avoided; fourthly, the thickness of the sample, the height and the angle of the trowel can be adjusted, so that the difference of the constructability of different types of mortar can be accurately tested; fifthly, as the slide way and the slide block which are finished are matched to slide, the vertical force in the plastering process is effectively borne, and the horizontal friction force in the plastering process is effectively reduced, so that the testing precision is improved; and sixthly, the finish-machined pulley with the bearing is used, and the steel wire rope is matched, so that the influence of the matching between the workbench and the tensile machine on the test result is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a mortar workability testing apparatus provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a mortar workability testing apparatus provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a side view of a mortar workability testing apparatus provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic overall flow chart of a mortar workability testing method provided by the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a concrete test result of the mortar workability testing method according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a work table; 2. a slideway; 3. a slider; 4. a first connecting piece; 5. a nut; 6. A movable shaft; 7. a screw; 8. a trowel; 9. a wire rope; 10. a first slide assembly; 10-1, a first pulley; 10-2, a first shaft; 10-3, a first connecting seat; 11. a second slide assembly; 11-1 and a second pulley; 11-2 and a second shaft; 11-3, a second connecting seat; 12. an electronic universal testing machine; 13. and a second connecting piece.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are provided to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims. Unless otherwise specified, devices, materials, and the like used in the embodiments of the present invention are commercially available. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
The mortar should be understood in a broad sense, and comprises plastering mortar, finishing mortar, putty, plastering gypsum and the like.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a functional structure of a mortar constructability testing device, which comprises a base material, a trowel 8, a limiting movement device, a transmission device and a traction measuring device, wherein the base material, the trowel 8 and the limiting movement device are arranged on a workbench 1.
The base material is used for setting mortar to be tested; the limiting movement device comprises a movement part and a fixing part, the fixing part is fixedly arranged on the workbench 1, and the movement part is movably connected to the fixing part; the trowel is arranged on the moving part, and the lower edge of the trowel faces the base material; the traction measuring device has the functions of carrying out traction control on the running speed of the traction end and carrying out data acquisition on the traction force-displacement relation; the traction end of the traction measuring device is connected with the moving part or the trowel through the transmission device.
When the traction end of the traction measuring device is retracted, the moving part or the trowel is drawn by the transmission device to move along the direction defined by the fixed part, so that the lower edge of the trowel moves in parallel from the upper side of the base material.
Preferably, the trowel is mounted on the moving part through an adjusting device, and the adjusting device can realize continuous adjustment of the height and the inclination angle of the trowel relative to the mortar to be tested.
Example 2
This example shows a concrete structure of the mortar workability testing apparatus described in example 1. As shown in fig. 1-3, the testing device comprises a workbench 1, a slide way 2, a slide block 3, a first connecting piece 4, a nut 5, a movable shaft 6, a screw 7, a trowel 8, a steel wire rope 9, a first sliding assembly 10, a second sliding assembly 11, an electronic universal testing machine 12 and a second connecting piece 13.
Specifically, the fixed part of the limiting movement device is a slide way 2, and the movement part is a slide block 3. The number of the slide ways 2 is two, and the slide ways are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the table top of the workbench 1; the number of the sliding blocks 3 is two, the two sliding blocks are respectively matched with one slide way 2, and the two sliding blocks can slide along the slide way 2 on the upper portion of the slide way 2. The adjusting device comprises two connecting pieces I4 and a movable shaft 6; the two first connecting pieces 4 are respectively arranged at the upper parts of the two sliding blocks 3, and the upper parts of the two first connecting pieces 4 are provided with groove-shaped holes; the movable shaft 6 penetrates through the groove-shaped holes of the two first connecting pieces 4 and is fixed with the first connecting pieces 4 through nuts 5; the movable shaft 6 is provided with a screw hole for mounting a screw 7 and used for fixing a trowel 8, and the trowel 8 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the movable shaft 6. The distance between the two slideways 2 is more than 200mm, and the length of each slideway 2 is more than 400 mm; the adjustable angle of the movable shaft 6 is 360 degrees, and the adjustable height distance is more than 10 mm.
Preferably, the trowel is mounted on the moving part through an adjusting device, and the adjusting device is used for realizing continuous adjustment of the height and the inclination angle of the trowel relative to the mortar to be tested. Specifically, the angle and height of the movable shaft 6 can be changed by adjusting the nut 5, so that the height and inclination angle of the trowel 8 can be adjusted.
The base material is used for arranging mortar to be tested. Preferably, the base material is a standard concrete slab with a rectangular structure and meeting JC/T547 requirements, and is fixedly arranged on the table top of the workbench 1 and positioned between the two slideways 2.
Specifically, the traction measuring device can adopt an electronic universal testing machine 12 with a mature technology.
The transmission device comprises a steel wire rope 9, a first sliding assembly 10 and a second sliding assembly 11. One end of the steel wire rope 9 is fixed on the screw 7, and the other end of the steel wire rope passes through the first sliding component 10 and the second sliding component 11 and then is connected with a stretching head of the electronic universal testing machine 12. The first sliding assembly 10 is arranged at one end, close to the electronic universal testing machine 12, of the upper part of the workbench 1; the second sliding component 11 is arranged on a base of the electronic universal testing machine 12.
The first sliding assembly 10 comprises a pulley I10-1 with a bearing, a shaft I10-2 and a connecting seat I10-3; the first connecting seat 10-3 is fixed at the end part of the workbench 1, a groove-shaped hole is formed in the upper part of the first connecting seat 10-3, and two ends of the first shaft 10-2 penetrate through the groove-shaped hole in the upper part of the first connecting seat 10-3 and are fixed by nuts; the pulley I10-1 with the bearing is sleeved on the shaft I10-2. The second sliding assembly 11 comprises a second pulley 11-1 with a bearing, a second shaft 11-2 and a second connecting seat 11-3; the second connecting seat 11-3 is fixed on a base of the electronic universal testing machine 12 through a second connecting piece 13, a groove-shaped hole is formed in the upper portion of the second connecting seat 11-3, and two ends of the second shaft 11-2 penetrate through the groove-shaped hole in the upper portion of the second connecting seat 11-3 and are fixed through nuts; and a second pulley 11-1 with a bearing is sleeved on the second shaft 11-2.
In addition, the electronic universal testing machine further comprises an upper computer, wherein the upper computer is electrically connected with the electronic universal testing machine 12 and is used for storing, analyzing and/or displaying the data acquired by the electronic universal testing machine 12. The upper computer is a desktop computer, a notebook computer or an industrial personal computer.
During testing, the newly mixed mortar is smeared and pressed on a standard concrete substrate according to the specified specification to be used as a test piece, the test piece is placed at the set position at the upper part of the workbench 1, the installation height and the inclination angle of the trowel 8 are adjusted, then the electronic universal testing machine 12 is started to uniformly smear a layer of mortar on the trowel 8, the tension-displacement curve is recorded, and the constructability of the newly mixed mortar is evaluated.
Example 3:
this example shows a method for testing mortar workability using the apparatus described in example 1 or 2.
As shown in fig. 4, a mortar workability testing method includes the following steps: (1) setting mortar to be tested on a base material as a test piece; (2) arranging a trowel on the test piece at a preset height and an inclination angle; (3) pulling the trowel to move on the test piece, and recording a tension-displacement curve of the trowel; (4) and calculating the integral area of the tension-displacement curve, namely the mortar constructability index to be measured. Since the trowel is usually piled with more and more mortar in front of it during the moving process, the pulling force of the trowel is gradually increased. The mortar construction performance in the whole test process is difficult to be fully reflected by simply passing through the tension of one position point, so that the method adopts the technical scheme of calculating the integral area of the tension-displacement curve, and the integral area is used as an evaluation index, so that the mortar construction performance index can be more fully and accurately reflected.
In order to overcome the interference of friction force and the like existing in different measuring devices on the measuring result, the method can be optimized as follows: in the step (4), the numerical value of the tension-displacement curve obtained in the step (3) is subtracted by the numerical value of the tension-displacement curve in no load, and then the integral area of the tension-displacement curve is calculated. The method for acquiring the numerical value of the unloaded tension-displacement curve comprises the following steps: under the condition of no load, setting the trowel at the same height and inclination angle as the actual test process; pulling the trowel to move, and recording a tension-displacement curve of the trowel, namely an unloaded tension-displacement curve. The no-load tension-displacement curve reflects errors introduced to the measurement result by the self friction force of the equipment and the like, so that the numerical value of the tension-displacement curve obtained in the step (3) is subtracted from the numerical value of the no-load tension-displacement curve to obtain the result, namely the 'net resistance' of the mortar to the trowel, and the 'net resistance' can accurately show the construction performance of the mortar.
As an equivalent technical solution, the above method may be modified as follows: in the step (4), the integral area of the tension-displacement curve is replaced by the average tension value in the tension-displacement curve. The average tension value is a quotient obtained by dividing the sum of the tension values of all counting points in the tension-displacement curve by the sum of the counting points.
Specifically, in the testing process, the testing surface of the mortar to be tested is horizontally arranged, vertically arranged or obliquely arranged; the thickness of the mortar to be tested is 2-50 mm; the preset height of the trowel is as follows: 1-49 mm of mortar to be tested is pressed in; the preset inclination angle of the trowel is as follows: the included angle between the moving direction and the moving direction is 5-90 degrees; the moving speed of the trowel on the testing surface of the mortar to be tested is as follows: 2-500 mm/min.
Specifically, the trowel moves on the mortar testing surface to be tested through a slide way; the tension and the moving speed of the trowel are provided by a testing machine controlled by a computer; the tension-displacement curve of the trowel is recorded by a testing machine controlled by a computer; the movement of the trowel on the test surface is uniform movement or variable-speed movement so as to increase the objectivity and accuracy of measurement.
The substrate is preferably a standard concrete slab meeting JC/T547 requirements.
As shown in fig. 5, is a batch of actual measurements made using the present method. In fig. 5, the mortar after being stirred by adding water has a consistency value within 95 ± 2mm according to the current standard method, the moving speed of the trowel is 100mm/min, and the 4 curves from top to bottom are respectively:
the tension-displacement curve is obtained after HPMC (hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether) is not added into the mortar and water is added and stirred for 110 min;
the tension-displacement curve is obtained 40min after HPMC is not added into the mortar and water is added for stirring;
adding 0.03% of HPMC (hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose) into the mortar, adding water, and stirring to obtain a tension-displacement curve at 110 min;
and adding 0.03 percent of HPMC (hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose) into the mortar, adding water, and stirring to obtain a tension-displacement curve at 40 min.
By analyzing the curves, it can be known that: under the same conditions, on one hand, compared with the mortar without the HPMC, the plastering resistance of the mortar is obviously reduced after the HPMC is added; on the other hand, the mortar after being stirred by adding water is placed for a certain time, and the plastering resistance of the mortar is increased.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes based on the prior art, and various changes and modifications made by the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides a mortar constructability testing arrangement which characterized in that: comprises a base material arranged on a workbench (1), a trowel (8), a limiting movement device, a transmission device and a traction measuring device, wherein the trowel is arranged on the workbench;
the base material is used for arranging mortar to be tested;
the limiting movement device comprises a movement part and a fixing part, the fixing part is fixedly arranged on the workbench (1), and the movement part is movably connected to the fixing part;
the trowel is arranged on the moving part, and the lower edge of the trowel faces the base material;
the traction measuring device has the functions of carrying out traction control on the running speed of the traction end and carrying out data acquisition on the tension-displacement relation; the traction end of the traction measuring device is connected with the moving part or the trowel through the transmission device;
when the traction end of the traction measuring device is retracted, the moving part or the trowel is drawn by the transmission device to move along the direction defined by the fixed part, so that the lower edge of the trowel moves in parallel from the upper side of the base material.
2. The mortar workability testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the trowel is installed on the moving part through an adjusting device, and the adjusting device is used for adjusting the height and the inclination angle of the trowel relative to mortar to be tested.
3. The mortar workability testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the fixed parts of the limiting movement devices are slideways (2), the number of the slideways (2) is two, and the slideways are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the table top of the workbench (1); the motion portion is slider (3), the quantity of slider (3) is two, respectively with a slide (2) cooperation, can slide along slide (2) on the upper portion of slide (2).
4. The mortar workability test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the base material is a standard concrete plate with a rectangular structure and meeting JC/T547 requirements; the standard concrete slab is fixedly arranged on the table top of the workbench (1) and is positioned between the two slideways (2).
5. The mortar workability test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the adjusting device comprises two connecting pieces I (4) and a movable shaft (6);
the two first connecting pieces (4) are respectively arranged at the upper parts of the two sliding blocks (3), and the upper parts of the two first connecting pieces (4) are provided with groove-shaped holes;
the movable shaft (6) penetrates through the groove-shaped holes of the two first connecting pieces (4) and is fixed with the first connecting pieces (4) through nuts (5); the movable shaft (6) is provided with a screw hole for mounting a screw (7) and is used for fixing a trowel (8).
6. The mortar workability testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the angle and the height of the movable shaft (6) can be changed by adjusting the nut (5), so that the height and the inclination angle of the trowel (8) can be adjusted.
7. The mortar workability test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the distance between the two slideways (2) is more than 200mm, and the length of each slideway (2) is more than 400 mm; the adjustable angle of the movable shaft (6) is 360 degrees, and the adjustable height distance is more than 10 mm.
8. The mortar workability testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the traction measuring device is an electronic universal testing machine (12).
9. The mortar workability testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: the transmission device comprises a steel wire rope (9), a first sliding assembly (10) and a second sliding assembly (11);
one end of the steel wire rope (9) is fixed on the screw (7), and the other end of the steel wire rope penetrates through the first sliding assembly (10) and the second sliding assembly (11) and then is connected with a stretching head of the electronic universal testing machine (12);
the first sliding assembly (10) is arranged at one end, close to the electronic universal testing machine (12), of the upper part of the workbench (1); the second sliding assembly (11) is arranged on a base of the electronic universal testing machine (12).
10. The mortar workability testing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: the electronic universal testing machine (12) further comprises an upper computer which is used for storing, analyzing and/or displaying the collected data.
11. The mortar workability testing device according to claim 10, characterized in that: the upper computer is a desktop computer, a notebook computer or an industrial personal computer.
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