CN211299944U - A intelligent mattress for emergency tender - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intelligent mattress for emergency ambulance, which comprises a mattress body and a main control circuit module; the mattress body comprises an upper fabric layer, a signal detection layer, a substrate layer and a lower fabric layer, wherein the upper fabric layer, the signal detection layer, the substrate layer and the lower fabric layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the signal detection layer comprises coaxial piezoelectric cables distributed in different regions of the mattress; the master control circuit module includes: the device comprises an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a signal conditioning circuit, a signal transmission channel dividing circuit and a control circuit, wherein the control circuit is in communication connection with the signal transmission channel dividing circuit, the signal conditioning circuit is in communication connection with the signal transmission channel dividing circuit through the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, and the signal conditioning circuit is electrically connected with a signal detection layer through a leading-out terminal electrode of a cable. Has the advantages that: the physiological signal detection function can be realized, and in the emergency treatment process, the body vibration signals of the patient are sensitive through the coaxial piezoelectric cables distributed at different positions, and the physiological index information such as heartbeat, respiration, body movement and the like is obtained after the treatment.

Description

A intelligent mattress for emergency tender

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical emergency treatment, in particular to an intelligent mattress for an emergency ambulance.

Background

With the increasing aging degree and the proportion of sub-health people, compared with the common people, the people have relatively poor physical quality and are very easy to be attacked by some diseases, and the diseases are often caused to be sudden, fierce and very easy to cause death tragedies, so that effective first-aid measures for the people are very urgent, and an emergency bed is an indispensable important tool in the process of first aid, and whether the maximum effect of the emergency bed can be exerted can directly influence the first-aid effect of patients.

The traditional emergency ambulance has a single function and often only plays a role of a carrier in the emergency process. In addition, in the process of sending the patient to a hospital, the heart rate and the respiration of the patient need to be monitored in real time by medical instruments such as an electrocardiogram monitor. Therefore, the accuracy of the monitoring result directly affects the judgment of the emergency personnel on the state of illness. The traditional electrocardiogram monitor gradually exposes the following problems in the process of first aid: (1) the electrocardio monitor needs to attach a large number of electrodes to the skin surface of a patient during monitoring, so that the patient is very easy to feel uncomfortable, and in addition, the contact type measurement is not applicable to patients with body surface burns, mental patients and other special patients. (2) The electrocardio monitor is as professional equipment, no matter volume or weight are all too big, are unfavorable for first-aid staff to carry, and also need consume the certain time at the attached electrode of disease skin surface, greatly reduced first aid efficiency. (3) Monitoring data on most electrocardio monitors can only be looked over by field personnel, remote data sharing can not be carried out, and nearby hospitals can not obtain relevant physiological data of patients at the first time, are not favorable to formulating emergency measures in advance, and finally reduce the probability of survival of patients.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve present first aid field, sensor sensitivity and detection efficiency are low, the unable sharing scheduling problem that realizes of testing result provide a multi-functional mattress for emergency tender, specifically realize by following technical scheme:

the intelligent mattress for the emergency ambulance comprises a mattress body and a main control circuit module; the mattress body comprises an upper fabric layer, a signal detection layer, a substrate layer and a lower fabric layer, wherein the upper fabric layer, the signal detection layer, the substrate layer and the lower fabric layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the signal detection layer comprises coaxial piezoelectric cables distributed in different regions of the mattress; the main control circuit module comprises: the device comprises an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a signal conditioning circuit, a signal transmission channel dividing circuit and a control circuit, wherein the control circuit is in communication connection with the signal transmission channel dividing circuit, the signal conditioning circuit is in communication connection with the signal transmission channel dividing circuit through the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, the signal conditioning circuit is electrically connected with a signal detection layer through a leading-out terminal electrode of a cable, and the control circuit comprises a main controller and a peripheral application module circuit.

The intelligent mattress for the emergency ambulance is further designed to comprise an isolation layer, and the isolation layers are arranged above and below the signal detection layer.

The intelligent mattress for the emergency ambulance is further designed in that the isolating layer is made of double-sided cloth-based adhesive tape.

The intelligent mattress for the emergency ambulance is further designed in that the number of the coaxial piezoelectric cables is four, the coaxial piezoelectric cables are S-shaped or wavy and are distributed in a distributed manner among the isolation layers.

The intelligent mattress for the emergency ambulance is further designed in that the coaxial piezoelectric cable is respectively an inner insulating layer, an inner electrode layer, a piezoelectric material layer, an outer electrode layer and an outer insulating layer from inside to outside.

The intelligent mattress for emergency ambulance is further designed in that the physiological data of the patient on the mattress includes heartbeat, respiration, body movement and out-of-bed information.

The intelligent mattress for the emergency ambulance is further designed in that the main controller is also respectively connected with a display module, a wireless communication module, a storage module, an alarm module and a power module, the main controller adopts an STM32F4 chip of ARM Cortex-M4 series, and the wireless communication module comprises a LoRa wireless module and a Bluetooth module; the LoRa wireless module adopts an SX1278 radio frequency chip; the Bluetooth module adopts a TI2541 Bluetooth chip; the storage module adopts AT24C 08; the alarm module adopts a MY2490-16 type voice chip.

The intelligent mattress for emergency ambulance is further designed in that the signal conditioning circuit comprises:

the operational amplification circuit comprises an operational amplifier and a coaxial piezoelectric cable group, wherein the coaxial piezoelectric cable group is respectively and electrically connected with the operational amplifier;

the filter circuit is used for filtering the sensor signal amplified by the operational amplification circuit, and comprises a blocking circuit, a 50HZ trap circuit and a low-pass filter circuit, wherein the sensor signal sequentially passes through the operational amplification circuit, the blocking circuit, the 50HZ trap circuit and the low-pass filter circuit.

The intelligent mattress for the emergency ambulance is further designed in that the signal transmission channel dividing circuit comprises a voltage channel, a counter and a buffer.

The intelligent mattress for the emergency ambulance is further designed in that the analog-to-digital conversion circuit adopts a 12-bit AD9226 analog-to-digital conversion chip.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1) the utility model discloses an intelligence mattress for emergency tender can realize physiological signal and detect the function, and in the first aid process, the body that carries out the patient through distributing in the piezoelectric cable of different positions shakes signal (BCG) and measures, draws through filtering and waveform, obtains final heartbeat, breathing, physical index information such as movement, and emergency personnel can transfer the physiological data in the patient a period at any time through mobile phone Bluetooth client, judges the development trend of disease in advance.

2) In order to improve the real-time performance and accuracy of signal detection, four coaxial piezoelectric cables are adopted to respectively collect the body vibration signal information of the head, the back and the two legs of a patient, and a signal channel dividing circuit with an FPGA as a core is used for dividing signal transmission channels, and as an IP core in an FPGA chip can be configured in parallel and repeatedly, the efficiency of signal parallel processing is greatly improved; in addition, a large number of logic gate circuits integrated in the chip greatly simplify the layout and wiring of peripheral circuits, and effectively improve the stability of system operation.

3) The utility model discloses an intelligence mattress for emergency tender has designed voice alarm module, carries out voice alarm to the disease in the abnormal conditions of emergency treatment in-process, when patient's physical activity number of times is too frequent, the module can be timely reminds emergency personnel through pronunciation, and emergency personnel can make it calm down as early as possible for the calm medicine such as disease injection safety very first time.

4) The physiological data of disease not only can be looked over through mobile phone bluetooth terminal, also can carry out data sharing in great region through loRa wireless module, and the hospital of being close to can be good harmonious relevant first aid doctor according to the physiological index information of disease in advance, formulates targeted first aid scheme.

5) The utility model discloses the coaxial piezoelectric cable who chooses for use adopts the S-shaped to walk the line, and the S-shaped structure not only atress is more even, and output signal' S sensitivity is higher. The comfort level of measurement is not influenced, and the service life of the sensor is prolonged. More importantly, the cost is saved, large-scale batch production can be carried out, the sensor is easily accepted by most medical institutions, in addition, the sensor material selects the boron alkene and the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as the electrode layer and the piezoelectric layer respectively, and the sensitivity of the sensor is further improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall external view of the emergency ambulance.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a layered structure of a smart mattress.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the trace form of a coaxial piezoelectric cable.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a coaxial piezoelectric cable.

Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a master control circuit module.

Fig. 6 is a flow chart of a single execution of system software.

Fig. 7 is a flow chart of the bed exit and body motion detection algorithm execution.

Fig. 8 is a waveform of bed exit and body movement.

Fig. 9 is a flow chart of heart rate detection algorithm execution.

Fig. 10 is a normal heart rate waveform.

Fig. 11 is a flow chart of respiratory waveform extraction and respiratory rate calculation.

Fig. 12 is a normal respiration waveform diagram.

The emergency treatment device comprises an intelligent mattress, 2 and 3 fixing belts, 4 pillows, 5 emergency vehicle pushers, 6, 7 and 8 wheels, 9 emergency medical kits, 10 a display screen, 11 a main control device, 12 a bed body, 13 a heating layer, 14 heating gear buttons, 15 an oxygenator, 16 an upper cloth layer, 17 an upper isolation layer, 18 a signal detection layer, 19 a lower isolation layer, 20 a substrate layer, 21 a lower cloth layer, 22, 25, 26 and 29 leading-out end electrodes, 23, 24, 27 and 28 coaxial piezoelectric cables, 30 inner insulation layers, 31 inner electrode layers, 32 piezoelectric material layers, 33 outer electrode layers and 34 outer insulation layers, wherein the intelligent mattress is arranged on the front of the emergency treatment device, the fixing belts are arranged on the front of the emergency medical kit, and the outer electrode layers are arranged on the front of the emergency treatment device.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the emergency ambulance to which the intelligent mattress of the present embodiment is applied mainly comprises an intelligent mattress 1, fixing straps 2-3, a pillow 4, an emergency ambulance push handle 5, wheels 6-8, an emergency medicine box 9, a display screen 10, a main control device 11 and a bed body 12. The first-aid kit 9 is used for storing medicines with high use frequency in the first-aid process, and the display screen 10 is used for displaying real-time heart rate, respiratory rate and other numerical values of a patient for the first-aid staff to check. The bed body 12 is made of a composite material with light weight and good bearing performance, so that field personnel can carry the composite material conveniently, and the emergency treatment efficiency is improved. The heating layer 13 is made of soft and breathable material, and the heating gear is controlled by adjusting the heating button 14 to maintain the body temperature of the patient. The oxygenator 15 is fixed at the edge of the bed body to prevent the patient from oxygen deficiency.

As shown in fig. 2, the intelligent mattress is respectively an upper cloth layer 16, an upper isolation layer 17, a signal detection layer 18, a lower isolation layer 19, a substrate layer 20 and a lower cloth layer 21 from top to bottom, wherein the cloth layers 16 and 21 select nylon cloth with good wear resistance, the isolation layers 17 and 19 select double-sided cloth-based adhesive tapes, the signal detection layer 18 is composed of four piezoelectric cables distributed in different areas, the substrate layer 20 selects memory sponge with good elasticity and high comfort, and the lower cloth layer 21 and the substrate layer 20 are adhered through a strong adhesive.

As shown in fig. 3, the piezoelectric cables are routed in an S-shape, the distribution pattern is designed mainly according to the stress distribution characteristics of the human body in the prone position, and the stresses of the head, the back and the legs in the prone position are more obvious than those in other regions of the body. Wherein the piezoelectric cable 28 is distributed in the head region, the piezoelectric cable 24 is distributed in the back region, the piezoelectric cable 27 is distributed in the left leg region, and the piezoelectric cable 23 is distributed in the right leg region. The four groups of piezoelectric cables are connected with an external signal conditioning circuit through electrode layer leading-out terminal electrodes 22, 25, 26 and 29 respectively by adopting S-shaped wiring.

As shown in fig. 4, the coaxial piezoelectric cable comprises from the inner layer to the outer layer: an inner layer insulating layer 30, an inner layer electrode layer 31, a piezoelectric material layer 32, an outer layer electrode layer 33, and an outer layer insulating layer 34. The insulating layer all adopts flexible insulating material, and the piezoelectric material layer adopts PVDF as stress material, can produce weak electric charge when pressure changes, and the electrode layer all adopts boron alkene as conducting material, covers around the piezoelectric material layer, the effectual stress that has increased, has improved the sensitivity of sensor.

As shown in fig. 5, the main control circuit module in this embodiment mainly includes a signal conditioning circuit including a coaxial piezoelectric cable set, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a signal transmission channel dividing circuit, and a control circuit. The control circuit is mainly composed of a main controller and a peripheral application module circuit. The original signal from the sensor is considered to be a weak charge signal and cannot be directly transmitted. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the signal is first amplified by the operational amplifier in the signal conditioning circuit to become a voltage signal, and the voltage signal at this time includes a noise source mainly including power frequency noise, so that the present embodiment separately designs a dc blocking circuit, a notch circuit, and a low pass filter circuit to remove noise, as shown in fig. 5. The de-noised multi-channel signals are subjected to parallel conversion through an analog-to-digital converter AD9226, then a channel division circuit designed by an FPGA chip is used for dividing transmission channel intervals, and finally the transmission channel intervals are transmitted to a main controller STM32F4 in a parallel mode to be subjected to waveform extraction and frequency calculation, so that final physiological signal data are obtained. The peripheral application module of the main controller comprises a display module, a wireless communication module, a storage module, an alarm module and a power supply module. The main controller of the embodiment adopts an ARM Cortex-M4 series STM32F4 chip. The wireless communication module adopts a LoRa wireless module and a Bluetooth module. The LoRa wireless module adopts an SX1278 radio frequency chip. The bluetooth module adopts a TI2541 bluetooth chip. The storage module employs the AT24C 08. The warning module adopts MY2490-16 type voice chip.

As shown in fig. 6, the main functions of the software part include acquisition and processing of body vibration signals (BCG), wireless transmission and embedded real-time display of heart rate, respiratory rate and body movement frequency, and real-time alarm of abnormal conditions. Firstly, the processed digital BCG signal is subjected to bed leaving detection, if the digital BCG signal leaves the bed, the alarm module is started to carry out voice alarm, the alarm is stopped until a person is detected to lie on the mattress again, then body movement detection is carried out, if a body movement event exists, the body movement duration is recorded, and display and body movement data transmission are carried out. If no body movement occurs in the bed, the heart rate, the breathing rate and other numerical values are calculated, and the physiological data are displayed and wirelessly shared.

As shown in a flow chart of an execution of the bed leaving and body movement detection algorithm in fig. 7, because the emergency patient is worried and dreaded about sudden diseases, abnormal excitation of sympathetic nerves and dysphoria of the body are often shown, and frequent body movements can seriously affect the quality of emergency treatment, the process of emergency treatment is delayed, so that the real-time body movement frequency of the patient is used as a measure of mental state, and a doctor can use related sedation drugs to help the patient calm down more quickly. It has been found through experimentation that the magnitude of the absolute value of the amplitude of the digital signal does not generally exceed 500 when no person is present on the mattress. When people are on the mattress, the amplitude is over 1000. Therefore, the present embodiment provides a detection method for determining whether there is a bed exit event by setting an amplitude threshold, where the execution process of the algorithm is as follows: firstly, the latest 5000 filtered data are obtained, then, the average value A0 of the absolute values of the data in the array is obtained by using a function arm _ min _ f32, and then, the standard deviation A1 of the array is obtained by using a function arm _ str _ f32, if the conditions are simultaneously met: a0<1000 and A1<100, then the bed-leaving state is determined; otherwise when A0>1000 and A1>500, it indicates that the person is in bed at this time. If the conditions are simultaneously satisfied: when A0 is more than 2000 and A1 is more than 1000, the state of large body movement is judged; otherwise, when 2000> A0>1000 and A1>500, it indicates a less dynamic state at this time. The waveform diagram of the bed leaving and the body movement is shown in fig. 8 and is divided into two stages, wherein the stage 1 in the diagram represents the waveform of the bed leaving state of no person, the stage 2 represents the body movement state, and the change between the two states is obvious.

The execution flow of the heart rate detection algorithm is shown in fig. 9, the traditional heart rate extraction method mainly adopts a threshold detection method with relatively mature technology, the algorithm has a simple structure and better signal processing real-time performance, the detection mechanism is mainly that the amplitude of the J wave in the BCG signal waveform is obviously different from other characteristic waves, and the position of the J wave is positioned by setting an amplitude threshold. In practical engineering, the algorithm is more accurate in detecting the BCG signal of healthy people, but the detection result of people suffering from arrhythmia type heart diseases is often larger in error, for example, RJK wave groups in the BCG signal of people suffering from ventricular premature beat are gentler, the amplitude characteristic of J waves is not very obvious, and the J wave missing detection phenomenon can occur by the algorithm. For the pseudo-periodic characteristics of the BCG signal, the embodiment adopts a differential threshold detection method to extract the BCG frequency, that is, the heart rate value. The method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, the denoised BCG signal is subjected to the square sum operation of first-order difference and second-order difference to highlight an IJK wave group, the rising stage and the falling stage of the J wave are areas with the maximum change of the BCG signal waveform slope, the first derivative zero crossing point appears in the middle, and the extreme point of the second derivative is the position of the J wave. Then, a group of continuous J wave crests which are good in stability and accord with the heart rate change characteristics are selected, bubbling sequencing is carried out on the occurrence time of the J waves, and then the final heart rate value and the heart rate waveform are calculated, and the reference of figure 10 is made.

As shown in fig. 11, the respiratory waveform extraction and respiratory rate calculation flow is a weak and extremely low-frequency physiological signal, the respiratory rate is generally not lower than 12 times/min and not higher than 30 times/min, and the effective components thereof are concentrated in the frequency domain of 0.2-0.5Hz, so that the embodiment provides a detection method for extracting respiratory signals by combining wavelet transform and adaptive threshold, and the specific steps are as follows: firstly, a sym8 wavelet function is selected for the denoised BCG signal to carry out 8-10 scale decomposition processing, the BCG signal subjected to 8-10 scale decomposition is compared, an optimal group of signals is selected to be reconstructed, and the reconstructed signals are breathing signals. Then, the extreme points of the respiration signals are subjected to bubbling sorting, and the maximum point is selected. Then, taking the maximum point

Is a threshold value, and the extreme points exceeding the threshold value are automatically marked as respiration wave peaks. And finally, selecting a group of continuous wave crests which are good in stability and accord with the change characteristics of the respiratory rhythm, carrying out bubbling sequencing on the occurrence time of the wave crests, and then calculating the final respiratory rate value, wherein the normal respiratory waveform is shown in figure 12.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. An intelligent mattress for an emergency ambulance is characterized by comprising a mattress body and a main control circuit module; the mattress body comprises an upper fabric layer, a signal detection layer, a substrate layer and a lower fabric layer, wherein the upper fabric layer, the signal detection layer, the substrate layer and the lower fabric layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the signal detection layer comprises coaxial piezoelectric cables distributed in different regions of the mattress; the main control circuit module comprises: the device comprises an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a signal conditioning circuit, a signal transmission channel dividing circuit and a control circuit, wherein the control circuit is in communication connection with the signal transmission channel dividing circuit, the signal conditioning circuit is in communication connection with the signal transmission channel dividing circuit through the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, the signal conditioning circuit is electrically connected with a signal detection layer through a leading-out terminal electrode of a cable, and the control circuit comprises a main controller and a peripheral application module circuit.

2. The intelligent mattress for emergency ambulance according to claim 1, further comprising an isolation layer, said signal detection layer being provided with an isolation layer on both upper and lower surfaces thereof.

3. The intelligent mattress for emergency ambulance according to claim 2, wherein the isolation layer is double-sided cloth-based tape.

4. The intelligent mattress for emergency ambulance according to claim 2, wherein said coaxial piezoelectric cables are four and are all S-shaped or wave-shaped, distributed in a distributed manner between the isolation layers.

5. The intelligent mattress for emergency ambulance according to claim 1, wherein said coaxial piezoelectric cables are respectively an inner insulating layer, an inner electrode layer, a piezoelectric material layer, an outer electrode layer, an outer insulating layer from inside to outside.

6. The smart mattress for emergency ambulance of claim 1, wherein said physiological data of the patient on the mattress comprises heartbeat, respiration, body movement and bed exit information.

7. The intelligent mattress for emergency ambulance according to claim 1, wherein said main controller is further connected with a display module, a wireless communication module, a storage module, an alarm module and a power module, respectively, said main controller adopts STM32F4 chip of armortex-M4 series, said wireless communication module comprises a LoRa wireless module and a bluetooth module; the LoRa wireless module adopts an SX1278 radio frequency chip; the Bluetooth module adopts a TI2541 Bluetooth chip; the storage module adopts AT24C 08; the alarm module adopts a MY2490-16 type voice chip.

8. The intelligent mattress for emergency ambulance of claim 1, wherein said signal conditioning circuit comprises:

the operational amplification circuit comprises an operational amplifier and a coaxial piezoelectric cable group, wherein the coaxial piezoelectric cable group is respectively and electrically connected with the operational amplifier;

and the filter circuit is used for filtering the sensor signal amplified by the operational amplification circuit, and comprises a 50HZ trap circuit and a low-pass filter circuit, wherein the sensor signal sequentially passes through the operational amplification circuit, the 50HZ trap circuit and the low-pass filter circuit.

9. The intelligent mattress for emergency ambulance according to claim 1, wherein said signal transmission channel dividing circuit comprises a voltage channel, a counter and a buffer.

10. The intelligent mattress for emergency ambulance according to claim 1, wherein said analog-to-digital conversion circuit employs a 12-bit AD9226 analog-to-digital conversion chip.

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